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Russian
00:00:18
The election campaign was divided
into before and after the earthquake.00:00:25
Everyone is talking about the elections
over the phone and in private.00:00:29
Just like in Russia in 2011-2012.00:00:33
People keep on talking
about Kэlэзdaroрlu hating Russians.00:00:37
They think he'll deport everybody
right away.00:00:39
He was not elected.
So, maybe he fell short of his target.00:00:44
Our president is a great leader,
just like Putin.00:00:47
We, young people, want new politicians.00:00:49
Don't you think the country needs
new politicians?00:00:52
We have democracy in Turkey.00:00:55
Everyone votes for whoever they want.00:00:57
When you criticize
the incumbent authorities,00:01:01
be sure they will knock on your door
the next day.00:01:05
The opposition is winning
in all the big cities.00:01:07
Here in Istanbul or Ankara, for example.00:01:10
I see it as a great mechanism00:01:13
that protects the voting system
from massive electoral fraud.00:01:17
What is going to happen in Turkey?00:01:19
Won't Erdoğan try to tighten the screws
even more?00:01:23
REDAKTSIYA00:01:27
Hello, friends!00:01:28
The official results of the elections
in Turkey that were a subject of interest00:01:32
for the whole world
were announced on Thursday.00:01:35
In Turkey itself, they were called
"the elections of the century":00:01:39
for the first time in the history
of the Republic of Türkiye –00:01:43
which is celebrating
its centennial this year, –00:01:46
a second round of voting
for the new president was announced.00:01:50
These elections broke the record
in terms of the number of voters.00:01:53
About 90% of all people
that have the right to vote participated.00:01:57
The difference between the main candidates
was only a couple of percentage points.00:02:02
The country was divided
into two coalitions.00:02:06
It seemed
that massive protests were inevitable00:02:09
if the incumbent candidate would win.00:02:12
At least, many Russian Telegram channels
and media outlets predicted00:02:17
Maidan and even a civil war scenario
in Turkey.00:02:20
But eventually,
it all went pretty smoothly.00:02:22
The opposition recognized
the voting results right away.00:02:26
Why weren't there any protests?00:02:29
Are such competitive and fair elections
possible in a typical autocracy?00:02:34
And what do the results of these elections
mean for Russia and the whole world,00:02:39
between which Turkey has become
the main mediator?00:02:43
Karina Mukhutdinova was monitoring
this unprecedented campaign00:02:49
from the inside and talked
to many Turkish citizens00:02:53
on how they lived through these months
and how they see their future now00:02:58
that Erdoрan, who's been in power
for 20 years,00:03:01
has become president again.00:03:18
THE NIGHT AFTER THE ELECTIONS00:03:33
I've lived in Istanbul my entire life.00:03:35
I work as a development director
in an electronics company.00:03:39
I write articles, poems,
and have even written a book.00:03:46
I've lived here my whole life.
I worked in a factory and then retired.00:03:52
Now, I'm engaged in petty trade.00:03:55
Sit down! Sit! Sit!00:04:03
Previously, I worked as a secretary00:04:05
in the Ministry of Education
and at school.00:04:08
Now, my husband and I have opened
our own cafe in our backyard00:04:12
so our kids could study at university.00:04:20
My name is Musa Özer,
I've lived here since I was born.00:04:24
I'm engaged in agriculture.
I grow oranges.00:04:29
I'm Can Özer, Mr. Musa's wife.00:04:36
I've lived in Antalya for about 45 years.
Maybe, 42 years.00:04:42
I worked as a hotel director
in several resorts near Antalya.00:04:46
Now, I own a bakery, we make pastries.00:04:50
Who did you vote for
in the presidential elections?00:04:55
For Kemal Kэlэзdaroрlu.00:04:57
For Erdoрan, of course.00:04:59
Kэlэзdaroрlu.00:05:02
Recep Tayip Erdoрan.00:05:04
Kэlэзdaroрlu. I voted for him.00:05:21
These elections were of crucial importance
for Turkey,00:05:27
as they define the regime that is going
to be declared in the country00:05:31
and the path we're going to follow.00:05:33
Now, all the decisions are being made
by one person.00:05:38
And it's really worrying,00:05:40
because it's a direct road
to dictatorship.00:05:52
A WEEK BEFORE THE FIRST ROUND
OF ELECTIONS00:05:57
What do you feel about the sentiments
in Turkey during the last months?00:06:01
The atmosphere is very tense
and uncertain.00:06:06
Everyone is nervous about the elections.00:06:09
Everyone thinks
about what's going to happen next,00:06:13
about the voting results and the winner.00:06:16
Everyone is talking about the elections
over the phone and in private.00:06:20
When you meet with your friends,
you ask right away,00:06:23
"Who are you going to vote for?00:06:25
What do you think about this?"00:06:27
It's just like in Russia in 2011-2012,00:06:31
when we had our elections.
There were demonstrations back then.00:06:34
You'd go to Chistiye Prudy
or Pushkinskaya Street,00:06:37
and you'd feel, "Well, just a bit more –
and something is going to change..."00:06:43
I feel like Turks are living
through the same thing.00:06:55
The opposition had a long road to go.
It took a lot time for them to unite00:06:59
and absorb different political powers.00:07:04
Of course, as many people say,
this is the last chance00:07:07
for the opposition to defeat Erdoрan.00:07:13
These elections in Turkey
were to take place only on June 18.00:07:18
Buy they were organized one month earlier.
The first round took place on May 14.00:07:22
Formally, Erdoрan explained it like that:00:07:24
June is a summer month
when everyone is on vacation00:07:27
so no one would come to vote.00:07:29
But actually, May 14 is not just a date.00:07:34
MAY 14, 195000:07:35
On this very day in 1950,00:07:38
the Democratic Party won the elections
in Turkey for the first time00:07:42
and the multi-party system
was established in the country.00:07:46
Before that,00:07:47
the Republican People's Party, or CHP,
was in power for many years.00:07:51
It still exists00:07:52
and is headed by Erdoрan's main rival00:07:55
Kemal Kэlэзdaroрlu.00:07:57
Considering the fact
that Justice and Development Party00:07:59
headed by Erdoрan himself00:08:01
presents itself as conservative democrats,00:08:03
the symbolic meaning of the elections
having been brought forward is clear.00:08:08
May 14 actually has00:08:11
great symbolic importance
in the Turkish historical memory.00:08:17
I think that the incumbent government
was counting on it.00:08:22
But we can't say that is has some meaning
for the ordinary Turkish voter.00:08:29
In my mind, the key explanation here is00:08:31
the rapidly deteriorating
economic situation in the republic.00:08:37
One month or even one week can make
a crucial difference in Turkey now.00:08:43
Nobody knows what's going to happen
to the Turkish economy next month.00:08:48
I think this is the reason
why the elections were brought forward.00:08:55
REDAKTSIYA00:08:59
The economic situation in Turkey
is really bad now.00:09:03
Inflation reached 85.5%
at the end of the last year.00:09:07
Prices, even for essential products,
keep on growing.00:09:11
For example, the price of butter
has recently grown by 138%.00:09:16
The price of such cereal as bulgur wheat,00:09:18
which is as popular here
as buckwheat is in Russia,00:09:20
has risen by more than 300%.00:09:22
A kilo of meat costs 650 liras here.00:09:25
It's equivalent to 2,600 Russian rubles.00:09:31
You go to the market
and hear everyone complaining.00:09:35
Imagine, people can't afford
potatoes and onions.00:09:39
Some of them don't have meat
in their daily diet.00:09:43
On average, I think people can buy00:09:46
two-three kilos of ground meat
or cuts of meat a month.00:09:49
Hardly more.
The cost of living is skyrocketing.00:09:53
Before, we'd buy ground meat for 55 liras.
Now, it costs 300 liras more.00:10:00
Of course, we are forced to raise prices
in our cafe, too.00:10:05
We also need to make ends meet.
Everything is getting more expensive.00:10:15
People raise prices at will.00:10:18
I sell my oranges for 5-6 liras per kilo
in the beginning of the season.00:10:24
They now cost 17-18 liras
at the grocer's in my village.00:10:28
Why so?00:10:34
The prices for food have grown
by 5-7 times in Turkish liras.00:10:42
Everybody who moved here before the war00:10:49
did so because they wanted to have
comfortable life.00:10:53
They moved because of the cordiality,
not much of which is left now,00:10:57
and because of the local prices.00:10:59
When the prices have become high
even for us...00:11:02
You realize
that you can afford a better life00:11:07
in some other place.00:11:10
When I moved here, I tried to find a job00:11:12
based on my qualification00:11:15
at a Russian school or club
several times.00:11:18
But all my attempts were unsuccessful.
Because...00:11:22
How can I put it mildly?00:11:24
People were a bit sly when they'd say
they are ready to give me a job.00:11:29
They would promise one salary.
When the time comes, they pay you less.00:11:33
A Turkish incomes is incommensurable
with the living standards here.00:11:39
And it's very hard.00:11:42
How much did they offer you?00:11:46
5,000-6,000 Turkish liras.00:11:49
6,000 liras? According to the current exchange rate,
24,000 rubles.00:11:52
For one month of work?
- Yep.00:11:56
It's easier not to work at all
that earn that little.00:12:01
My pension now is 8,000 Turkish liras.00:12:06
For whom is it enough for a decent living?00:12:09
I think the bottom limit for an income
so that you wouldn't starve00:12:13
is 20,000 liras and more per family.00:12:21
If we take an ordinary engineer,
they get around 20,000 liras.00:12:27
If you're not married,
you can live on 20,000 liras00:12:29
in Istanbul without having an opportunity
to save.00:12:32
You can just live, buy food
and some clothes. That's it.00:12:36
If you're married and you have kids,00:12:38
your wife has to work too,
if you've got such a salary.00:12:42
Otherwise, it's going to be hard
to live in Istanbul.00:12:53
Th global economy is deteriorating.
Not only Turkey is in this situation now.00:12:57
Every country, including America,00:12:59
has economic problems.
It's a common situation.00:13:02
Erdoрan and many leaders of the world
are forced to put up with it.00:13:09
In the early 2000s,
Erdoрan's party helped00:13:12
the country
out of a severe financial crisis.00:13:15
The economy was thriving,
he attracted foreign investments.00:13:20
The economic model that was chosen
by the Justice and Development Party00:13:25
was based mostly on attracting investments
from abroad.00:13:29
When the relationship between Ankara
and Western powers started getting worse00:13:35
in the mid-2010s,
the flow of investments was reduced,00:13:39
the economy started to stagnate,
inflation started rising sharply,00:13:46
the exchange rate of the Turkish lira
to the US dollar went down.00:13:50
Erdoрan has a very peculiar vision
for the economy.00:13:55
In essence, he controls the central bank.
He uses his power00:13:59
and appeals to the fact
that Islam reproves usury.00:14:04
The interest rate is a common pain
for the whole nation.00:14:11
Erdoрan thinks he needs to reduce it,00:14:14
but it does not make
any essential changes.00:14:19
So, Erdoрan is trying to appeal
to Turkey's glorious past00:14:24
and Turkey's special path.
As he said once...00:14:31
They have dollars, we have Allah.00:14:35
We almost don't have foreign currency
in the country.00:14:40
Salaries in the public sector
don't grow.00:14:43
If we put these factors together,00:14:45
it becomes clear that we are on the verge
of a financial disaster.00:14:49
Considering what Mr. President tells us,00:14:52
he doesn't even give us a hint
that he's somehow trying00:14:56
to change the economic policy
in the country.00:14:59
I'm afraid we're going to face
serious problems after these elections.00:15:03
Did I get it right,
that even during these elections,00:15:06
despite the skyrocketing inflation
and economic problems00:15:09
in the country, Erdoрan didn't speak
about the economy at all?00:15:12
Erdoрan is trying to avoid speaking
about the economic situation.00:15:16
He puts an emphasis on foreign policy,00:15:19
and the power of Turkish weapons,00:15:22
which are demonstrated to Turkish voters
from time to time.00:15:26
He takes part in pretentious ceremonies00:15:28
that glorify the developments
of the Turkish military complex.00:15:39
Turkey had reached a higher level
of development00:15:42
in the defense industry
and the road industry.00:15:49
It's a mystery00:15:51
how the ruling party members
have made such a great fortune.00:15:54
This fact cannot be explained00:15:57
by their pretty standard state salaries.00:16:00
Where did this money come from?
It's impossible to explain.00:16:04
Why do they live in big mansions
and fly in their private jets?00:16:20
Of course, the country's leader
needs a plane!00:16:23
I don't see any problem here.00:16:25
If I have three cars,00:16:27
the person who rules Turkey
has to have 30 cars.00:16:31
People talk about corruption
to discredit Erdoрan.00:16:35
This is wrong.00:16:38
REDAKTSIYA00:16:46
Erdoрan's Justice and Development Party00:16:49
is often called the family hobby club.00:16:51
This is a big problem00:16:54
and it damages many areas of life
in Turkey.00:17:00
It has become evident
after the devastating earthquake00:17:04
on February 6 this year as never before.00:17:14
FEBRUARY 6, 202300:17:15
An awful earthquake happened
in southeastern Turkey on February 6.00:17:19
Tens of thousands of buildings
were destroyed.00:17:22
More than 50,000 people lost their lives.00:18:01
The earthquake changed
the pre-election situation in Turkey.00:18:05
It was a huge shock
for the whole Turkish nation.00:18:10
Even the pro-government media admit
that the election campaign00:18:14
in the country was divided
into before and after the earthquake.00:18:22
Thank you.00:18:24
On the second day,
opposition leader Kemal Kэlэзdaroрlu said00:18:28
that he refuses to talk00:18:30
about the earthquake
in isolation from politics.00:18:32
Kэlэзdaroрlu's rating started going up
right after the earthquake.00:18:39
It may sound cynical,
but the opposition earned some points00:18:43
thanks to the effects of this earthquake00:18:47
and criticism of the authorities
that didn't manage the situation well.00:18:54
Why does the opposition think
Erdoрan is the one to blame00:18:57
for such devastating effects
of this earthquake?00:18:59
The key is the so-called building amnesty00:19:01
that was declared eight times
while he's been in power.00:19:04
As a rule, he'd do that
before the elections.00:19:07
What's the point of it? The owners
of the illegally constructed buldings00:19:10
could pay a state duty and keep them
intact without having to demolish them.00:19:14
The last amnesty was announced
in 2018.00:19:18
Two million buildings were preserved
back then,00:19:21
300,000 of them were
in the regions00:19:23
that suffered the most
from this earthquake.00:19:30
Now, Turkish society
has a defferent view00:19:34
on this building amnesty.
They don't treat it like before.00:19:39
It's important to remember
that more than 50% of the buildings00:19:46
in the affected areas
were constructed after 2001,00:19:53
i.e. under Erdoрan.00:19:56
It's no one's fault.
This was the will of God.00:20:01
Turkey tried to heal this wound
by uniting.00:20:04
The whole world was helping us.00:20:06
If such a situation happened
in any other country,00:20:09
we would definitely help those
who were affected.00:20:11
But it has nothing to do with the state.00:20:14
It's just God's will.00:20:18
The authorities were not ready
for this emergency00:20:22
and didn't know what to do.00:20:24
It was announced that no one can take
any actions without a presidential order.00:20:29
Turkey received aid
from all over the globe.00:20:31
There were cases when the government tried00:20:34
to pass this humanitarian aid off
as their own.00:20:37
The debris are still being removed.00:20:41
The destroyed buildings are being rebuilt
and new roads are being cleared and built.00:20:49
Erdoрan was reminded00:20:52
that he also came in power in 2002,
three years after a devastating earthquake00:20:57
in Izmit. Over 20,000 people died there.00:21:01
It is considered that discontent
with the then government00:21:06
helped Erdoрan and his party
to come in power.00:21:15
The incumbent president of Turkey
Recep Tayip Erdoрan00:21:17
has been in power for 20 years.
He started off as the mayor of Istanbul00:21:21
and has always propagated Islamic views.00:21:24
Early on, they were quite radical.00:21:26
Minarets are our bayonets,00:21:28
Domes are our helmets,00:21:33
Mosques are our barracks.00:21:36
Erdoрan was imprisoned for several months
in 1998 because of this poem00:21:41
for the incitement to religious hatred.00:21:45
In 2000s, he was holding
to more moderate views00:21:48
and even pointed out
that he wasn't an Islamist.00:21:52
Back in 2000s, Erdoрan establihed
the Justice and Development Party00:21:55
that propagated the idea
of conservative democracy, as I've said.00:21:59
The party and its young leader,
49-year-old Recep Tayip Erdoрan00:22:04
who was constantly talking
about Turkey's westernization00:22:06
was supported by masses
and he won the elections.00:22:10
In 2003,
he became the country's prime minister.00:22:13
Turkey still was
a parliamentary republic then.00:22:16
When Erdoрan became the prime minister,
he carried out reforms00:22:19
and stripped the Parliament
of many powers.00:22:26
In 2014, Erdoрan bacame the president
of the presidential republic.00:22:31
After the unsuccessful military coup
of 2016,00:22:33
he made amendments
to the constitution again00:22:35
and eliminated the Prime Minister post.00:22:40
201700:22:43
Erdoğan's supporters managed to force00:22:45
these amendments by a very small margin:00:22:49
51% to 49%.00:22:52
The presidential system was established
in the country then.00:22:58
The president got the leading role.00:23:03
He has almost unlimited power:00:23:07
he has the right to dissolve parliament,00:23:10
he can promulgate laws,
bypassing the parliament.00:23:12
Most importantly, Turkey has
all the conditions00:23:16
for a lifetime presidency.00:23:18
There's a clause that allows
the President00:23:20
to call early elections
during his second term,00:23:28
and it automatically
resets his presidential terms to zero.00:23:33
So, Erdoğan can stay in power forever.00:23:38
THE VILLAGE OF BAHTILI00:23:47
There are many cafes like this
in Turkish villages. Men gather here.00:23:51
We don't have an opportunity
to enjoy other types of entertainment.00:23:55
We can't go to the pub, for example.
So, we come here.00:23:58
We play table games.00:24:00
The losers usually pay
for everyone's drinks.00:24:03
People come here to have fun.00:24:05
Farmers come here after tiring work.00:24:08
Instead of going home and resting,
they come here to hang out,00:24:12
drink tea and coffee, and then go home.
Our life is like this.00:24:19
Hello, everyone!00:24:44
We are not satisfied with the life we have
because it's super expensive.00:24:48
The neighborhood we live in now
is industrial.00:24:52
People who are engaged in agriculture
live here.00:24:55
Diesel fuel, fertilizers, and medicines
are too expensive.00:24:59
It affects our political choice.00:25:06
-Who did you vote for?
-CHP.00:25:09
CHP? Who did you vote for?00:25:11
Did you vote for CHP, too?00:25:13
-CHP.
-CHP.00:25:15
CHP.
Everyone here voted for them.00:25:19
Why do we support Kılıçdaroğlu?
He protects his people,00:25:22
he supports the poor,
and he doesn't protect the rich.00:25:25
This is why I support Kılıçdaroğlu.00:25:29
A few words about Erdoğan's main rival00:25:31
Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu.00:25:33
He is 74 years old.
He is also a veteran of Turkish politics.00:25:37
In the 1990s, he was the head
of the Social Security Institution00:25:40
and was elected to parliament
six times.00:25:43
Since 2010, he's been the leader
of the Republican People's Party –00:25:47
that very party established
by another Kemal – Kemal Atatürk.00:25:53
He is the father of the Turkish nation.00:25:55
It was Atatürk who created modern Turkey00:25:57
and turned it
into a developing secular state.00:26:00
His portraits are everywhere,
his name is written on every third car.00:26:04
We talked about Atatürk's role
in the history of Turkey00:26:07
in our longer episode.00:26:11
So, his party is now headed
by Kilichdaroglu.00:26:14
But apart
from the Republican People's Party,00:26:16
the opposition coalition includes
five other parties00:26:19
with completely different views:00:26:21
centrists, nationalists,
Islamists, liberals.00:26:25
All of them united and chose one leader00:26:28
who represented their interests
during these elections.00:26:33
The nomination of a single candidate
by the opposition00:26:36
was a complicated process.00:26:39
They had difficult and grueling sessions.00:26:43
The opposition leaders
had about 12 meetings.00:26:48
Eventually, they decided to nominate
Kılıçdaroğlu.00:26:52
We can say his nomination
was compromise.00:26:55
If we take the ratings from early 2023,00:26:59
he was ranked lower00:27:00
than the more popular and energetic
mayor of Istanbul Ekrem İmamoğlu00:27:06
and Ankara's mayor Mansur Yavaş.00:27:10
However, he was nominated.
Not only because of his long service,00:27:15
but also because of his being the leader
of the country's main opposition power.00:27:21
In early March, he was nominated
as the single opposition candidate.00:27:28
The main argument
against his candidacy was only the fact00:27:33
that he professes Alevism,
a sect of mystical Islam.00:27:36
This is a small religious community.00:27:38
Turkey had to overcome its prejudice00:27:41
and stop dividing people based on
how correct a religion they profess is.00:27:45
Some of six opposition parties'
representatives00:27:49
were against his candidacy.00:27:51
But in the end, it was quite natural
that the opposition leader00:27:55
and presidential candidate
was the leader00:27:58
of the main
and the largest opposition bloc –00:28:01
the Republican People's Party.00:28:05
He cooperated
with a terrorist organization,00:28:07
the Kurdistan Workers' Party.00:28:09
He was on the side of those
who killed our people, our soldiers.00:28:13
How can I trust this man?00:28:15
How can I vote for him?00:28:17
How can we entrust our country
to this man?00:28:20
Kılıçdaroğlu has never said
that he'd release or forgive terrorists.00:28:26
The ruling party tried to exploit this00:28:29
in order to shift voters’ attention
from economic problems to ideology.00:28:35
The United Opposition's program is
a general, woolly, vague text00:28:39
that focuses
on future political transitions,00:28:45
future economic reforms.00:28:47
The opposition wants to return
the country to a parliamentary system00:28:52
instead of a presidential one,
which was established under Erdoğan.00:28:56
And this is probably
the key and the only point00:29:01
which absolutely all oppositionists
agree on.00:29:04
But there are many contradictions
on other issues.00:29:12
He was not elected.
So, maybe he fell short of his target.00:29:16
If there were no problems,
he would win in the first round.00:29:20
I believed in his victory, too.00:29:22
But when preliminary results
were announced in the evening,00:29:25
we realized that everything
wouldn't go the way we had expected.00:29:28
It means he couldn't convey
his views clearly enough00:29:31
so that ordinary Turkish citizens
would trust him.00:29:36
He didn't convince me completely as well.00:29:38
Even though I voted
for the Republican People's Party,00:29:43
I still don't believe him fully.00:29:46
I don't know
how he's going to act further.00:29:49
To be honest, I didn't vote
for the candidate00:29:52
that was in my heart.
I voted for the one00:29:56
who had better chances to win.00:29:58
I am a nationalist like Atatürk,00:30:00
so I support Sinan Oğan00:30:03
who also adheres to these views.00:30:05
But Kılıçdaroğlu is Erdoğan's main rival,00:30:08
so I voted for him.00:30:11
I think you did, too, right?00:30:13
Me too, yes.00:30:22
What is the situation
with women's rights in Turkey?00:30:25
Can they express their opinion?00:30:27
The situation with women's rights
will get much worse00:30:30
if law 6284 on the protection of women
from domestic violence is repealed.00:30:36
I am against the repeal of this law.00:30:38
Today, I think it is possible00:30:40
because of some
of the conservative political parties00:30:43
that have entered parliament.
A woman has the right to choose00:30:46
if she wants to wear a hijab or not.00:30:49
But if the ruling party continues
to be in power,00:30:52
we will no longer have
the opportunity to choose.00:30:58
A woman can do whatever she wants
in our country.00:31:04
Of course, sometimes families
can set boundaries for her.00:31:06
It's a matter of every family's position.00:31:09
But we have no restrictions
in lifestyle and clothing style.00:31:13
There are people in my circle
who say women have no rights.00:31:16
I ask them,
"What weren't you able to do? Tell me."00:31:20
No one can give a clear-cut answer.00:31:28
Women don't come here.
It's a cafe for men.00:31:31
What will she do here?
Let her stay at home and cook.00:31:35
Women also sometimes meet
in their own groups, but at home.00:31:38
I'm speaking about the rules here,
in rural areas.00:31:41
Antalya is different.
Women meet together00:31:45
and go wherever they want,
even to the beach.00:31:47
Rural women are not used to it.00:31:51
We are members of one culture.00:31:54
The vast majority of Turks are Muslims.00:31:57
We all believe in one god, one prophet.00:32:00
We are united by one faith.00:32:03
I'm a Muslim, too.
But I don't think00:32:06
that Turkey is getting too religious.00:32:09
Turkey is still a secular state.00:32:12
It continues to exist
the way Atatürk founded it.00:32:20
Erdoğan is following the path of Atatürk.00:32:23
But some people try to demonize him00:32:26
claiming that he deviates from this path.00:32:28
Erdoğan is following the path of Atatürk.00:32:32
In your opinion, is it Erdoğan
or Kılıçdaroğlu who is closer00:32:35
to Atatürk in their political views?00:32:37
Kılıçdaroğlu.00:32:39
And our main goal is
to keep Atatürk's principles.00:32:46
Over time, there were more people00:32:47
within the Republican People's Party
created by Atatürk,00:32:50
who did not consider
his principles so important.00:32:54
This party ceased to be Atatürk's party.00:32:57
The fact that all the candidates
in Turkey mention Atatürk,00:33:01
shows once again how important
Atatürk is for Turkey.00:33:05
But I don’t think00:33:06
that the current government
has made much progress00:33:09
on issues of nationalism and secularism,
democracy and protecting the rule of law,00:33:14
which were Atatürk's main values.00:33:17
Normally, it's a rare situation00:33:19
for the president
to rule the country for 20 years.00:33:22
Mr. Erdoğan has been in power
for too long.00:33:25
He is tired, he can no longer
come up with anything new,00:33:28
and it would be better for him
to leave his post.00:33:31
First of all, I think that one person
can't stay in power for this long.00:33:39
At least, there should be
some alternation of power.00:33:41
We need a breath of fresh air.00:33:46
I voted for the CHP and Kılıçdaroğlu.00:33:51
People in local Russian chats
are actively discussing00:33:54
the fact
that Kılıçdaroğlu hates Russians.00:33:56
They are afraid that everyone
will be deported at once.00:33:59
Do you think this is really true?00:34:01
I think that they mixed up two concepts.00:34:04
The first one is immigrants.
The second one is refugees.00:34:11
When we speak about immigrants,
many people mean refugees as well.00:34:19
If we take Turkey,
there are four million refugees here.00:34:23
3.5 million of them are Syrians.00:34:26
And when Kemal says
that he will get rid of everyone,00:34:29
it seems to me that this is not
about Russian-speaking people.00:34:34
We bring money into this economy.00:34:36
I don't think that a sane person can hate00:34:41
those who make his economy better,
bring money into his country,00:34:46
allows it to build new houses etc.00:34:51
It's insane to hate them.00:34:54
I have many Russian friends.
A huge part of our clientele are Russians.00:35:00
Here's the problem:00:35:02
before Russians started coming
here en masse,00:35:04
the rent for a three-room apartment
was about 2,000 liras.00:35:10
And suddenly, someone rented out
the same apartment00:35:12
to Russians for 15-20 thousand liras.00:35:15
Can you imagine the spike?!
From 2,000 to 15,000 liras!00:35:19
So, apartment owners began
to put pressure on their tenants00:35:22
and raise prices,00:35:23
or offer them to move out. And why?00:35:26
Because you pay 2,500 liras.00:35:29
I can make you move out
and rent it out for 40,000 liras.00:35:33
And people pay that money!
I myself rent an apartment00:35:36
and have never-ending court trials.
The owner wants to make me move out.00:35:39
But the law in Turkey protects tenants.00:35:42
The law protects me. I will stay
in this apartment and won't go anywhere.00:35:47
Did I get it right00:35:48
that an ordinary Turkish citizen
can't afford00:35:51
to rent a decent apartment
in a big city?00:35:55
Yes, that's true. For example,
we are now in Konyaaltı district.00:36:00
Almost none of us can afford
to rent something here.00:36:04
Rent prices around the country
have skyrocketed.00:36:07
It's not the Russians who are to blame,
but unscrupulous apartment owners.00:36:11
They are the reason why prices grow.
What do the Russians have to do with it?00:36:14
They believe
that these rent prices are real.00:36:23
Most people who live here
have tourist residence permits.00:36:27
Why has there been a wave
of refusals since December?00:36:30
Under the current government.00:36:32
It's not because they want
to kick everyone out.00:36:35
People did not come here
for tourist reasons.00:36:37
They can't prove that.00:36:40
I can only speak for myself.
I can speak for my friends.00:36:44
Of course, everyone is nervous.00:36:47
But we started to worry
not yesterday or today.00:36:50
We started to get nervous
half a year ago.00:36:52
Gradually, people started
to understand the situation.00:36:56
I think we all understood this
since early 2022.00:37:03
You realize that tomorrow00:37:05
something may change for you.00:37:07
And you always have to have
plan B, C, D etc.00:37:09
We all make these plans.00:37:13
On the eve of the first round
of presidential elections,00:37:17
Kılıçdaroğlu made
several important announcements00:37:19
to the Russian leadership and society.00:37:25
He said what he wants to develop
relations with Russia.00:37:29
He wants to make friends
with Vladimir Putin.00:37:32
In one of his messages, he emphasized00:37:35
that he considers anger, aggression,
and a hostile attitude00:37:40
towards Russian people
outside Russia to be wrong.00:37:46
Is it true00:37:47
that the United Opposition program
doesn't touch00:37:50
upon Russia and the events in Ukraine?00:37:53
Nothing really was said there, right.00:37:55
I think the opposition
is just trying to avoid00:37:58
this sensitive, this dangerous topic.00:38:01
The opposition obviously did not
and does not want00:38:04
to harm itself in any way,00:38:06
so that people would guilt-trip them
about some statements.00:38:09
The opposition avoids this topic.00:38:13
As for the situation in Ukraine,00:38:16
the opposition does not have any road map,00:38:20
any clear plan00:38:22
for the further development
of relations with Moscow.00:38:28
During the elections, there was
a lot of discussion in the Turkish press00:38:31
about the interference of Russian hackers00:38:33
after Kılıçdaroğlu had published00:38:35
a rather harsh appeal
to his Russian friends on his Twitter.00:38:38
"Dear Russian friends,
you are behind the montages,00:38:41
conspiracies, deep fake content and tapes00:38:44
that were exposed
in this country yesterday.00:38:48
If you want continued friendship
after May 15,00:38:52
get your hands off the Turkish state."00:38:57
As far as I know, not everyone,
even in Kılıçdaroğlu’s closest circle,00:39:02
understood this mysterious appeal.00:39:05
I think it's because
he has different advisers.00:39:08
Some of them tell him that he needs
to get closer to the Kremlin00:39:12
and make friendly statements.00:39:15
Others tells him that he needs escalation.00:39:18
In my mind, this is mostly a ploy
for his electorate, for the public.00:39:24
I am sure that Moscow paid attention
to these words though.00:39:28
Some countries are trying to influence
elections in other countries.00:39:33
It is a fact.00:39:34
It is known that Russia is very active
on the Internet.00:39:37
Perhaps Mr. Kılıçdaroğlu realized00:39:39
that some of the sources of information
had connections with Russia.00:39:43
That's why he told Mr. Putin
not to interfere.00:39:46
A few months ago, when the opposition
was trying to push00:39:52
the rhetoric that if Erdoğan was to win,00:39:59
he would to so
with the help of the Russians and Putin.00:40:05
And we were like, "Cool, they will unleash
holy hell on us for that, too."00:40:12
But it all grew still fast.00:40:16
Well, generally...00:40:19
Fortunately, or unfortunately,00:40:21
Turkey doesn't have
any strong anti-Russian sentiments.00:40:33
Our president is a great leader,
just like Putin.00:40:36
I'm saying this
not because you're interviewing me now.00:40:43
I watch TV and see
great deeds are being done.00:40:48
And it's so heartwarming.00:40:55
As a young man, I voted for the CHP.00:40:59
We, young people, want new politicians.00:41:01
Don't you think our country needs
new politicians?00:41:04
Maybe you'll change your mind?00:41:06
When did you start your company?00:41:10
In 2001.00:41:12
So, it's been 22 years.00:41:15
Why have you been
in charge of it for so long?00:41:18
For more than 20 years.00:41:22
Don't mix the state and family.00:41:25
Hand your company over to somebody00:41:27
and watch it tumble down
in a matter of several days.00:41:30
I will do that when the time comes.00:41:33
Come on, hand your company over.00:41:35
My dad supports the AKP,
I support the CHP.00:41:42
Don't tell me that there's no democracy
in Turkey.00:41:46
Here it is.00:41:47
Father and son root
for different parties.00:41:51
We can discuss it
and vote for whoever we want.00:41:55
My dad and I never get angry
at each other.00:41:57
My dad never forces me to change my mind.00:42:03
Turkey does have democracy.00:42:07
Everybody votes for whoever they want.
There's no constraint.00:42:10
I hope that our choice
will never become forced.00:42:17
When you criticize
the incumbent authorities00:42:21
on Twitter or other social media,00:42:23
be sure they will knock on your door
the next day.00:42:26
They sometimes come even at night.00:42:29
We don't have freedom of speech
in this country.00:42:34
I have remarkable examples
from among my friends. Four years ago,00:42:39
when people were re-posting some videos,
or opposition statements,00:42:43
or any other clips
that were politically undesirable00:42:49
on social media,
on Facebook, for instance,00:42:55
they went through sudden tax inspections00:42:59
or other checks
from different authorities.00:43:03
This year, people have learnt
from this bitter experience,00:43:10
so they discuss political issues
and their anti-establishment views00:43:15
in private.00:43:18
No one takes risks00:43:21
and shows them publicly anymore.00:43:28
A few more words about freedom of speech.00:43:30
I wanted to interview
some public sector employees:00:43:34
an ordinary teacher or doctor.00:43:36
But all of the people who we contacted
told us the same thing.00:43:40
This message reflects
the gist of it.00:43:43
This is a message from a teacher.00:43:46
"I work in the public sector and I can say
only good things about our government.00:43:50
I can't say anything negative
about my country."00:43:53
In my opinion, freedom of speech
in Turkey has drastically changed.00:43:57
In recent years,
many people have had problems00:44:00
because of their views and statements.00:44:03
Some were imprisoned,
others got off with a fine.00:44:06
Some even had to flee the country.00:44:09
Suffice it to recall
an article in the Criminal Code00:44:13
about "insulting the president"00:44:15
Before Erdoğan, very few people
were charged with that.00:44:20
Under Erdoğan, there have been hundreds
and thousands of such cases every year.00:44:27
You could end up in prison for a Tweet00:44:30
or critical statements
about the president.00:44:33
So, people became more reserved.00:44:37
In your opinion, is the case
of Ekrem İmamoğlu, the mayor of Istanbul00:44:41
a form of political repression?00:44:44
Apparently, the court's decision
against Ekrem İmamoğlu00:44:49
in December of last year
is politically motivated.00:44:54
I think very few people even
among Erdoğan's supporters doubt that.00:44:58
He was sentenced to three years in prison00:45:01
and was banned
from any political activities for 5 years00:45:04
because he criticized the government.00:45:07
But in truth, İmamoğlu called the members
of the Central Electoral Commission fools00:45:13
because they had called him a fool, too.00:45:17
It's clear that İmamoğlu was
one of Erdoğan's most dangerous rivals00:45:21
during the presidential elections.00:45:26
This was one of the main reasons00:45:28
why the opposition didn't choose
İmamoğlu as their candidate.00:45:35
The mayor of Istanbul, İmamoğlu,
seemed to be the stronger candidate.00:45:40
But he was brought up on trial.00:45:42
So, it was risky.
If İmamoğlu had won the elections,00:45:45
the ruling party could resume the case00:45:47
and remove İmamoğlu
from his presidential post.00:45:51
The opposition could not take such risks.00:45:53
He is going
through the appeals process now.00:45:56
His fate depends on the results
of the second round.00:45:59
It is quite possible
that İmamoğlu will be imprisoned00:46:03
if Erdoğan wins,00:46:06
because the whole judicial system
bows to the president.00:46:14
Russia and Turkey are among the countries00:46:18
with the largest number
of imprisoned journalists.00:46:21
This shows that freedom of thought,
freedom of expression00:46:25
and freedom of communication
are limited in these countries.00:46:28
Turkey is no longer a democratic state.00:46:31
But we can still have fair elections
in our country.00:46:37
Thanks to Atatürk, the people of Turkey
received democracy as a gift.00:46:44
The Turkish people did not fight
for democracy, as Europe did, for example.00:46:48
We didn't pay a price for that.00:46:50
But we did pay a high price
for our independence.00:46:53
During the Turkish War of Independence,
thousands of people died.00:46:57
and Erdoğan became a representative
of the people who value this independence.00:47:01
Kılıçdaroğlu came
with his democracy strategy only.00:47:04
I think this is not completely right.00:47:07
People in Turkey are not overfond
of democracy.00:47:09
So, this strategy was wrong.00:47:15
A WEEK BEFORE THE SECOND ROUND00:47:21
It seems to me
that before the elections00:47:24
there were approximately
the same number of cars in the city00:47:27
with the images of both candidates.00:47:30
I can clearly see the roadway from here,00:47:33
I watch cars. The number was
approximately the same.00:47:38
TV channels, most of the press
and the Anadolu News Agency,00:47:44
which is an important news outlet,
worked only for Erdoğan all this time.00:47:52
Suffice it to mention
about the state TRT company,00:47:58
which provided 32 hours to Erdoğan
for campaigning in April,00:48:03
while Kılıçdaroğlu had only 32 minutes.
Feel the difference.00:48:06
The nationalist-minded electorate
played a huge role00:48:10
this year and, perhaps, will still play.00:48:14
Erdoğan managed to win these people over
to his side at the last moment00:48:21
due to his sharp rhetoric as well.00:48:25
In the last days, he started
to stigmatize the opposition00:48:28
and Kılıçdaroğlu and call them
terrorists, LGBT panderers,00:48:33
betrayers of the nation etc.00:48:35
This riled the nationalist electorate up
right away.00:48:39
Eventually, it was them
who led Erdoğan to victory.00:48:44
If you look at the breakdown of votes
during these elections by regions,00:48:48
then you can see
that mostly small settlements00:48:51
in the countryside vote for Erdoğan.00:48:53
And the opposition wins in all big cities:00:48:56
for example, here in Istanbul or Ankara.00:49:00
The standard of living in coastal cities
is higher.00:49:03
There's a good level of education there.
Many people in the East are uneducated,00:49:07
and that is why right-wing politics
are so popular there.00:49:10
They get their votes from there,00:49:11
and the leftist parties receive votes
from Istanbul,00:49:14
Izmir and the coastal areas.00:49:16
At the moment, it is clear00:49:18
that the population
with the highest level of education00:49:20
voted for Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu.00:49:27
Voters in the majority
of small settlements belong00:49:30
to the so-called conservative stratum.00:49:33
There are many people who moved
from various other places to big cities.00:49:37
Therefore, there's a lot more
political variability there.00:49:43
Istanbul is like 100 states in one.00:49:46
You can't say
that everybody is a Kemalist here.00:49:50
In young and liberal districts
like Kadıköy and Beyoğlu,00:49:58
everyone went to vote actively, of course.00:50:01
But there are also conservative districts.00:50:04
There are Arab areas
where people live with the passports00:50:12
that they bought under Erdoğan.00:50:15
So, we can't say
that all of Istanbul is for him.00:50:18
The number of voters in one area
balanced out the number in other disticts.00:50:31
High election turnout
has always been common for Turkey.00:50:34
This year, Turks broke all the records.
About 90% of people came to vote.00:50:39
Let's admit,
this figure is huge when it's real.00:50:45
We visited several polling places,00:50:49
there were crowds everywhere,
there were queues everywhere.00:50:56
Their voting stops earlier
than in Russia, at five in the evening.00:50:59
The parties write,00:51:01
"Come to the polling stations,
protect your votes."00:51:04
Really, anyone can come in.
It protects votes from changes.00:51:09
And people do that.00:51:12
At 9-10 PM, the commission
finished working and transferred the data.00:51:17
I see it as a great mechanism00:51:19
that protects the voting system
from massive electoral fraud.00:51:23
I do not deny
that stuffing may take place.00:51:29
Just because I have a Russian mentality.00:51:34
My Turkish friends are 100% sure
that their elections are absolutely fair.00:51:42
The only thing they can admit is
a human factor,00:51:45
some basic mistakes in calculations.00:51:48
There were mistakes in counting votes.00:51:50
Even in the polling place where I voted.00:51:53
The difference was 28 votes.
They counted it wrong.00:51:57
I sorted it out. Everything was fixed.00:52:01
I think there were
plenty of such mistakes.00:52:05
Even though observers
and journalists said00:52:07
the voting was generally fair,00:52:10
the video of vote falsification
in one of the villages00:52:13
appeared on the internet.00:52:15
There are many commissions –
almost 200,000.00:52:18
As the population of Turkey is growing,
the number of commissions is growing, too.00:52:22
Of course, something can happen
in one of the 200,000 commissions00:52:25
in such a diverse country.00:52:27
As far as I remember,
there was a fair question00:52:31
about who could film this video
so close-up00:52:36
that you could see
ticks for Erdoğan00:52:39
and the falsifier didn't notice
the camera.00:52:43
It seems like it was
some kind of hooliganism,00:52:47
someone got into a fight,
took the ballot away,00:52:49
started doing it and filmed it
on purpose.00:52:58
If we compare these elections
to the ones in Russia,00:53:01
I can say they are fair
and pretty transparent.00:53:05
The opposition got used to watching
the elections in recent years.00:53:11
They control the voting
and vote counting processes.00:53:15
we can say that Erdoğan still
does not have the same level of control00:53:19
over the Central Election Commission00:53:21
that he has over the judicial system.00:53:23
Looking at the overall context,
it seems like Erdoğan didn’t get around00:53:27
to the electoral system?
-Yeah, I guess so.00:53:30
But he is approaching,
he is stretching out his tentacles.00:53:36
There's a high probability
that he will succeed in it00:53:39
if he wins on this election.00:53:48
THREE HOURS
AFTER THE POLLING STATIONS CLOSE00:53:58
Erdoğan's supporters poured
into the streets to celebrate his victory00:54:01
after 80% of votes had been counted.00:54:03
At that moment, it became clear
that he was the winner.00:54:06
In the first hours
after the polling stations closed,00:54:09
it was not obvious at all though.00:54:14
Voting data varied widely.00:54:16
The pro-government Anadolu agency00:54:19
announced that Erdoğan was leading
on the very first day00:54:22
At the same time,
another, independent, agency "Anka"00:54:25
was reporting that Kılıçdaroğlu was
the leader until evening.00:54:29
It looked like a sports competition.00:54:31
Eventually, Erdoğan won
with a margin of only 4% of the votes,00:54:35
which is about two million people.00:54:38
A logical question comes to mind here:
what is going to happen in Turkey?00:54:41
Won't Erdoğan try to tighten the screws
even more?00:54:44
I don't think that Erdoğan will have
to tighten the screws more.00:54:48
He already has very broad powers.00:54:51
He can be re-elected
unlimited number of times.00:54:57
The judicial system will support him
if necessary.00:55:04
He is planning to adopt
a new constitution.00:55:07
It's a matter of image for him,
first of all.00:55:10
He wants to abolish the Constitution00:55:13
that was adopted after the military coup
in the early 1980s.00:55:20
Obviously, it's going to be
even more pro-presidential00:55:24
and give him even greater powers.00:55:28
I think a very important factor
will be the depressed opposition.00:55:33
First of all,
the oppositon coalition will fall apart.00:55:37
Secondly, some people will be imprisoned.00:55:41
Eventually, Turkey will fall
into despotism00:55:46
as they predict in the West.00:55:51
There are all the grounds
and prerequisites for this.00:55:57
Turkey is a country that is
on the path towards authoritarianism.00:56:02
The elections take place
even despite the limitations.00:56:05
There are people with opposite views.00:56:08
Almost a half of the Turkish population
supports democracy.00:56:12
I don't think that it's easy
to exert pressure on these people.00:56:16
Turkey can live through harder times,00:56:19
but there going to be new elections
in several years.00:56:22
For example, mayoral elections of 2024.00:56:25
I don't think that democracy
will fade away for good.00:56:29
At least, I hope that it won't happen.00:56:33
The party leaders and those
who are engaged in politics are too old.00:56:41
Erdoğan is 69.00:56:43
Life is not endless. He will have
to hand over his power one day.00:56:53
After the results had been announced,
Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu called00:56:56
this election the most unfair election
in Turkey's history.00:56:59
But he didn't call for his supporters
to go to the streets.00:57:02
He only said that they needed to fight
for democracy further.00:57:05
Actually, mostly Russian Telegram channels
and media were talking00:57:08
about mass protests
and even the risk of civil war in Turkey.00:57:11
No one was expecting any riots
here in Turkey.00:57:14
All our interviewees were telling us
that they don't think00:57:17
any protests would happen.00:57:25
Kılıçdaroğlu is no a political leader00:57:28
who is ready to shed blood
and escalate the situation.00:57:32
I think he will admit his defeat.00:57:36
I don't think that anyone in Turkey
is ready to start bloodshed00:57:39
because they have the example of Syria,00:57:42
which has been embroiled in a civil war
for more than 10 years.00:57:46
I think that the Syrian example,00:57:48
especially with the never-ending influx
of refugees,00:57:51
was very sobering
for many people in Turkey.00:57:53
There's a fat chance
that this is going to happen.00:58:02
Even if the opposition doesn't win,
we respect everyone's vote.00:58:06
It means that the majority of us
sees our future like this.00:58:09
We will live with it.00:58:12
Don't forget that everyone is
the architect of their own fortune.00:58:18
The worst thing that our country did is00:58:20
that they deprived us of the opportunity
to make plans for our future.00:58:24
Today, we can't make plans
for more than one week.00:58:32
I wouldn't like to live in Turkey.
I would want to live in Russia.00:58:37
But how can I say where I am going to be
in a week or two?00:58:42
We trust our state no matter
who is in power,00:58:49
no matter who is the leader.00:58:51
We don't have another country.
We are ready to welcome guests.00:58:56
But we are not ready to be guests
anywhere else.00:59:03
Turkish people would love to live00:59:05
like Norwegians or the Dutch do.00:59:08
But Turks love their motherland very much.00:59:11
I love it, too.
No matter who is in power now,00:59:14
be it Erdoğan or Kılıçdaroğlu,
we are part of our country.00:59:17
We are a part of our country.
We will stay here no matter what.Description:
18+ НАСТОЯЩИЙ МАТЕРИАЛ (ИНФОРМАЦИЯ) ПРОИЗВЕДЕН, РАСПРОСТРАНЕН И (ИЛИ) НАПРАВЛЕН ИНОСТРАННЫМ АГЕНТОМ ПИВОВАРОВЫМ АЛЕКСЕЕМ ВЛАДИМИРОВИЧЕМ ЛИБО КАСАЕТСЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ИНОСТРАННОГО АГЕНТА ПИВОВАРОВА АЛЕКСЕЯ ВЛАДИМИРОВИЧА В Турции прошли «выборы столетия» — впервые за 100 лет там состоялся второй тур на выборах президента. При явке около 90% (реальных!) разница между кандидатами оказалась минимальной, то есть жители Турции фактически разделились 50 на 50. Казалось, что массовых протестов не избежать — некоторые даже предрекали Турции гражданскую войну. Но нет — оппозиция признала поражение, и все прошло вроде бы без вопросов. Почему? Смотрите большой репортаж «Редакции« из Турции Содержание: 00:00 Выборы столетия 03:06 За кого голосовали совершенно разные жители Турции 05:50 Атмосфера в Турции похожа на 2012 год в России? 07:15 Почему выборы перенесли именно на 14 мая 11:17 Цены выросли на 300%: что происходит с турецкой экономикой 16:47 Эрдоган: «У них есть доллары, а у нас - Аллах»… и оружие 18:00 Насколько развита коррупция в Турции 20:34 Как землетрясение изменило страну и эту предвыборную кампанию 24:35 Как Эрдоган пришел к власти и превратил Турцию в супер президентскую республику 27:09 Как живут в турецких деревнях? 29:00 Почему оппозиция выбрала своим лидером именно Кемаля Кылычдароглу 33:49 Что с правами женщин в Турции 35:35 Перестает ли Турция быть светским государством 37:17 Кемаль Кылычдароглу действительно собирался депортировать русских 41:58 Русские хакеры вмешивались в выборы в Турции 44:00 Отец - за Эрдогана, сын - за оппозицию: как в турецких семьях спорят о политике 45:44 В Турции есть свобода слова 48:30 Как Эрдоган завел дело на своего главного политического конкурента 50:00 Все телевидение перед выборами работало на одного кандидата 52:10 Во всех больших города Турции победила оппозиция 53:55 Насколько честными были эти выборы 57:17 Что будет происходить в Турции после победы Эрдогана 1:00:00 Почему оппозиция не вышла на протесты? 1:01:43 О планах, которых сейчас у многих не стало Благодарим за помощь в организации съемок в Стамбуле кафе и коворкинг Grão Поддержать «Редакцию»: 💰 из России — через сервис Boosty: https://boosty.to/redakciya 💰 из-за рубежа — через функцию «Спонсорство» в YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1eFXmJNkjITxPFWTy6RsWg/join 👉 Мерч «Редакции» на «Мам, купи!»: https://mamcupy.com/catalog/redaktsiya/ 👉 Мерч «Редакции» на Ozon: https://www.ozon.ru/highlight/redaktsiya-outlet-merch-780645/ 👉 Мерч «Редакции» на Wildberries: https://www.wildberries.ru/brands/mam-kupi Подписывайтесь на наши социальные сети: Телеграм-канал «Редакции»: https://t.me/redakciya_channel «Редакция» в «Дзене»: https://dzen.ru/redakciya «Редакция» в «ВК»: https://vk.com/redakciya_pivovarova Твиттер Алексея Пивоварова: https://twitter.com/pivo_varov Канал «Редакции» в вайбере: https://vb.me/redakcia_yt «Редакция» в «Одноклассниках»: https://ok.ru/redakciya Сотрудничество и идеи: [email protected] По вопросам рекламы: [email protected]
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