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Subtitles
Russian
00:00:20
thousands of people are continually00:00:22
exposed to a series of chemical agents00:00:25
in their workplace without being the00:00:28
slightest aware of this fact, what most00:00:31
immediately concerns them is their work and00:00:33
supporting their family, but suddenly00:00:36
they become ill with their health seriously00:00:39
compromised and cannot understand why00:00:41
this is the case,00:00:42
most are unable to establish a00:00:45
relationship with their professional activity,00:00:48
but many of the illnesses acquired at00:00:50
work are the result of exposure to00:00:52
chemical agents,00:00:55
what are these chemical agents, in which00:00:57
activity can we find them,00:01:01
electric arc welding operations, for example?00:01:06
heavy metals such as manganese00:01:10
can be exposed00:01:13
to chromium.00:01:32
free cynic crystallized in construction,00:01:38
for example, exposure to00:01:41
fibers such as gm can occur, extensive00:01:46
manual painting activities, revolvers, cleaning00:01:49
parts with solvents, operations involving00:01:52
fuel or staying in garages00:01:55
are examples of operations that expose the00:01:58
worker to the risk of exposure to00:02:00
mists, gases or colored mists to00:02:04
prevent workers from becoming ill, it is00:02:06
important that they are not exposed00:02:08
to dangerous chemicals in00:02:11
quantities greater than those permitted during00:02:14
their work,00:02:15
one of the instruments used is00:02:18
environmental assessment,00:02:20
this means measuring the amount of00:02:23
chemical agents in the air00:02:26
to This requires special instruments and00:02:29
equipment.00:02:33
Pedro, who is taking a technical course00:02:35
in occupational safety, came to00:02:37
Fundacentro to learn in practice about00:02:39
some of the equipment used to00:02:43
carry out environmental assessments, which00:02:45
chemical agents,00:02:46
Cesar is a technician and has worked in the area for00:02:49
a long time, he is the one who will show sesa the entire00:02:52
process00:02:53
how00:02:56
environmental assessments of chemical agents are carried out in00:02:59
most cases collecting a small00:03:01
part of the air from the workplace for00:03:02
analysis in the laboratory00:03:04
and what are the00:03:05
most used environmental assessment methods collection and analysis00:03:09
can be done in00:03:10
depending on the type of contaminant,00:03:13
for example gases, vapors, the00:03:15
concentration in the air can be determined00:03:17
in several ways.00:03:36
total air for subsequent analysis,00:03:38
it is worth remembering that in the case of organic vapors,00:03:42
the most used methodology is00:03:43
absorption in activated carbon for00:03:45
subsequent chromatographic determination, whereas00:03:49
silibrine mist fumes can be00:03:52
determined in the following way,00:03:54
absorption and subsequent analysis or collection00:03:57
in filters and subsequent analysis with00:04:00
dust, the concentration can be00:04:01
determined by collecting it in00:04:03
filters using a00:04:05
sampling pump like with the00:04:08
particle separators and subsequent weighing, they can be00:04:11
collected in open filters and weighed,00:04:14
so we need all this00:04:16
equipment to evaluate the00:04:17
correct chemical agents in closed places such as00:04:21
underground mining sites or pipelines one00:04:24
of the most immediate risks is that of00:04:27
explosions so that workers00:04:29
are warned of the danger before it is00:04:32
too late, equipment00:04:34
called explosive is used - they measure a00:04:38
percentage of the lower00:04:40
explosive limit and sound an alarm00:04:43
When the amount of gas exceeds the00:04:46
safe limit,00:04:47
I know this is the manual suction pump00:04:50
that is used to pump through00:04:53
colorimetric tubes, the air passes00:04:56
through it, causing the filling00:04:58
of the tube to become colored, if it is still00:05:00
contaminated,00:05:01
this method is used. to determine the00:05:03
concentration of gases or vapors in00:05:05
workplaces,00:05:06
that's right, but before carrying out the00:05:08
assessment, it is necessary to test the00:05:10
pump's tightness,00:05:12
do this, tighten the pump all the way,00:05:14
place the tube without breaking the00:05:16
ends,00:05:18
measure the distance between the ends00:05:20
of the pump00:05:21
wait 20 minutes and measure again six00:05:24
measurements do not change continue with the00:05:26
work otherwise keep an eye on the00:05:28
pump it may be faulty it is good to00:05:30
remember that for each contaminant00:05:32
there is00:05:33
a specific one and I quote for example it is00:05:36
used to measure in the air the amount00:05:39
of ethyl alcohol common alcohol and the00:05:42
evaluation is like this nor the tube chart00:05:46
to know the number of spines it should00:05:48
give and with the reading parameter00:05:50
breaks the ends of the tube the00:05:59
number of spines to make the air00:06:01
pass through the tube compare the00:06:04
final result with a parameter from the00:06:06
tube chart00:06:07
find out what the concentration of the00:06:09
chemical agent evaluated in this case the00:06:11
concentration is known at the time that is why00:06:13
we call it the direct reading method00:06:14
and it is important to emphasize that00:06:17
pumps and tubes must be compatible with each00:06:19
other,00:06:20
preferably the the same brand in00:06:23
closed environments where there is the emission00:06:26
of gases such as carbon dioxide,00:06:28
formaldehyde and hydrogen sulfide gas, they00:06:31
must often be monitored00:06:32
continuously. There are00:06:35
specific meters for each of these gases, and00:06:38
the h2s hydrogen sulfide gas editor00:06:41
will sound an alarm in case of00:06:44
excessive concentration. Because this gas is lethal,00:06:48
there are still some00:06:50
direct reading electronic equipment capable of00:06:53
measuring the concentration of several00:06:55
different gases at the same time.00:06:58
They are equipment that normally has an00:07:00
audible and visual alarm to indicate00:07:03
when the exposure limits have been00:07:05
exceeded. The00:07:07
calibration of this equipment is done00:07:11
using a known concentrations00:07:13
of the gases to be evaluated,00:07:15
some also have an internal00:07:18
programming system that sends the data obtained00:07:21
to the computer, facilitating00:07:23
data analysis and the individual sampling pumps, which00:07:27
pump the air through00:07:30
a collection device that retains00:07:32
contaminants, are used by the00:07:34
worker during normal00:07:36
work operations, so they must be lightweight,00:07:37
portable and have an autonomous battery source.00:07:40
It is also important that they00:07:42
have a constant control system.00:07:45
The air flow of this collection device00:07:48
varies according to the chemical agent00:07:50
you want to measure. exactly all of this00:07:52
equipment involves some type of00:07:54
collection device, for example the00:07:57
indigenous ones know to collect gases or the00:08:00
bridge,00:08:01
the filters know to collect00:08:04
particulate material such as dust and00:08:07
metal smoke and the charcoal tubes that00:08:10
serve to collect organic solvents00:08:13
the material is collected at the00:08:16
workplace and then taken to a laboratory,00:08:18
so the concentration of the00:08:21
chemical agent in the air will only be known00:08:23
later. It00:08:25
is never too much to remember that for each00:08:27
contaminant there is a specific type00:08:29
of collection and that each collection method00:08:32
there is a different ratio of air00:08:34
passing through of this device,00:08:36
this air flow must be precise, which is why00:08:39
the pumps have already shown that00:08:41
individual pumps also have their flow00:08:43
calibrated before each sample collection.00:08:46
There is also equipment that00:08:48
directly provides the amount of00:08:51
particulate matter in the air, they are called00:08:54
direct reading equipment.00:08:56
soe aerodesporto says00:08:58
this is a dust monitoring system,00:09:00
the particles are detected by00:09:03
a sensor and the concentration value is00:09:06
immediately shown on the screen,00:09:09
whereas cotton dust sampling00:09:11
uses different equipment00:09:13
o he the vertical creator and high00:09:16
flow pump o and no trainer is used to00:09:19
separate the cotton fiber particles00:09:21
by size, letting the smaller ones00:09:23
that reach the lungs pass to the00:09:26
filter.00:09:27
These two pieces of equipment, here the00:09:30
anemometer and the suit anemometer,00:09:32
are also widely used, but they do not00:09:34
exactly measure chemical agents,00:09:36
but the function One of them is also very00:09:38
important,00:09:39
the anemometer is used to measure the00:09:41
speed of the air while the00:09:43
anemometer, in addition to the speed, also00:09:45
measures the temperature of the air, the00:09:48
eternal anemometers, anemometers are used to00:09:50
measure the speed of the air in00:09:53
local exhaust ventilation system collectors,00:09:55
such as our chapel here, it00:09:58
must be done on the face of the sensors,00:10:00
as I am showing, the data obtained00:10:03
must be compared to the00:10:05
project data to check whether the00:10:07
efficiency of the fourteen is adequate, it is00:10:09
important to remember before purchasing00:10:12
equipment, it is necessary to study well00:10:14
which agents are desired evaluate in order to00:10:16
choose a more00:10:17
appropriate equipment and more for the evaluation00:10:20
to be correct, it is necessary to follow the00:10:22
rules and observe the00:10:24
manufacturer's guidelines, the equipment must be stored00:10:26
in a safe place where00:10:36
we hope to have taken the initial step to00:10:39
guide you regarding the different types of00:10:41
instruments that can be used00:10:43
in work aimed at the safety and00:10:46
health of workers,00:10:48
but this subject does not stop there,00:10:51
research and see everything that is new in the00:10:53
instrumentation market, always taking00:10:56
care to check that the instruments00:10:58
are made in accordance with00:11:00
specific standards, how it works00:11:04
for safety and health at workDescription:
Milhares de pessoas são continuamente expostas a uma série de agentes químicos no seu local de trabalho, sem terem a menor consciência desse fato. Este vídeo trata dos agentes químicos, em quais atividades estão presentes e como fazer para neutralizá-los.
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