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Russian
00:00:12
[Music]00:00:36
very well my dears, we are back00:00:38
for another class guys We00:00:40
are already in class00:00:42
8.1 so, I know that everyone received00:00:44
the material, let's follow it, right? Each00:00:47
blade that I show here to you, we00:00:49
follow it blade by00:00:50
blade and sometimes we00:00:54
read these slides, other times we don't,00:00:56
we show the slides and explain,00:00:59
okay, but if there are any doubts, we00:01:02
'll highlight them because as soon as00:01:04
we finish the class, we'll do00:01:07
that quick game of batting, reviewing00:01:09
because it will have activities Okay, so00:01:11
let's go, my director puts it on the screen00:01:13
for us, look, class 8.1 Teacher,00:01:17
what are we going to see in class 8.1,00:01:19
guys, in class00:01:23
8.1, in class 8.1, we're going to see three00:01:28
Subjects So let's explain00:01:30
three of them clearly here Which It's the first00:01:32
subject, Professor, we're going to talk about00:01:36
evolutionary thinking later. Second00:01:42
subject, Lamarc's theories and the00:01:47
third subject, Darwin's theories.00:01:51
So there are three subjects and in these three00:01:54
subjects we have some themes to be00:01:58
developed, evolution of Biology,00:02:00
synthetic theory of evolution In00:02:03
Lamar's theory in relation to Darwin's theory,00:02:05
we are going to create a timeline00:02:08
in relation to the law of use and disuse,00:02:11
transmission of characteristics and then00:02:14
natural selection and neodys, ok, ok,00:02:17
now explaining these00:02:20
three items, let's go for biological evolution00:02:24
Professor, the context is adaptive, so00:02:28
in the sense of evolution as a00:02:30
biological process of00:02:32
transformation, modifications and adaptations00:02:35
occurred over time, okay, so00:02:40
we can say that the current00:02:43
diversity that we have today, professor,00:02:47
this00:02:49
little word diversity that we have00:02:52
today is a result of a process of00:02:57
transformations that occurred Of course together00:03:00
with adaptations involving the00:03:02
environment But what I have to00:03:04
understand by diversity is simple my00:03:08
dears, see this00:03:11
macaw we have diversity, I00:03:14
mean00:03:15
different forms of macaw I would like us to00:03:20
go there ah Professor, I never had00:03:22
access to a macaw So let's get00:03:24
a dog, think about a dog there, think00:03:27
about this dog you're thinking about,00:03:30
there's a breed, let's think about if you thought00:03:32
about a breed, there's a diversity of it, there are00:03:37
different forms of that breed, if you00:03:40
think about it, if you thinking about the pitbull has00:03:44
different forms if you think00:03:47
about what I'm talking about breed if00:03:50
I talk about canine species I have a00:03:53
huge variety of canine species from00:03:57
domestic dogs to non-domestic dogs to00:04:01
wolves00:04:03
to it's a diversity so I went to00:04:07
race that is closest to us only in the race there00:04:10
is already a diversification So you have00:04:13
to think in this sense okay guys00:04:16
ok00:04:19
here ideas What are the main00:04:22
ideas Teacher idea like thoughts00:04:25
about how the evolutionary process arose it didn't00:04:28
arise no sorry ok it's how occurred00:04:32
proceeded all living beings00:04:35
share the same00:04:38
ancestor here are key words00:04:41
folks, that means that for us to arrive00:04:44
here today we are going to talk about human beings00:04:47
or do you think about the no the dogs which are00:04:51
the dogs the felines the cats there is an00:04:56
ancestor common for everyone part of the00:04:59
Press supposed that we have ancestors00:05:01
means other beings that were here00:05:05
went through a process of00:05:07
selection And then we can say that00:05:10
from this process by which the00:05:12
modern organism that we are we00:05:15
developed from what From ancient00:05:19
ancestors so we have00:05:25
compartmentalized behavioral loads that we bring00:05:27
from our ancestors00:05:31
So let's go to the theories what are00:05:33
these theories how many are they what they00:05:36
say in the past the idea that the00:05:39
species would be fixed meaning immutable00:05:42
what is fixed immutable teacher who00:05:44
has not suffered no suffered modifications00:05:47
during a certain00:05:51
period, which was defended by some00:05:56
philosophers, what they called fixism or00:06:00
fixism, presuppose that the species00:06:03
lived, that the species did not00:06:07
change their behavior, their00:06:10
morphology, and what that did not00:06:14
work out, Professor, because when it does not00:06:16
occur, a development process,00:06:18
I mean modifications,00:06:21
you want to see something for me, let's go, let's go,00:06:26
when you talk about it, you can put it00:06:30
here, my director, see the board.00:06:33
When we talk about fixity, many00:06:35
times we will be00:06:37
explaining00:06:38
fixism, but we it talks about modifications, that00:06:41
's not it,00:06:45
transformations in00:06:47
morphology, I'm going to give another00:06:50
example of an00:06:54
evolutionary process that has to be there, not every00:06:58
process evolves, every process that is00:07:02
a load of knowledge that we00:07:05
bring from our ancestors, a classic example,00:07:11
Professor, the00:07:14
immune system, if this theory00:07:17
fixista she she she falls apart00:07:20
because if00:07:22
you even your immune system00:07:25
goes through a process of selection00:07:29
making you that he makes00:07:32
you stay here why Because00:07:34
he acquired00:07:36
information that makes you stay what00:07:39
else00:07:40
resistant more tolerant more adapted00:07:44
to the00:07:46
reactions of the00:07:51
investiture of enemies and you can00:07:54
protect yourself from enemies microorganisms00:07:58
that are invisible00:08:00
like spores, bacteria and viruses00:08:04
that when you come into contact with00:08:05
them you come into contact with the earth00:08:08
will giving you an answer, it improves00:08:12
your immune response, this is00:08:15
adaptive when, in relation to00:08:17
food, you have access to a00:08:21
certain type of food that00:08:24
enhances, qualifies and improves the00:08:28
immune response, which includes vitamins,00:08:30
mineral salts, so this is all personal,00:08:34
years and years back there, it brings it, it00:08:37
brings it and it becomes00:08:40
incorporated, of course, certain00:08:42
immunological responses we00:08:44
acquire when we are in this00:08:45
environment, but the00:08:48
information that is transmitted, the00:08:51
immunological response is one of them, it's good00:08:55
on the screen, for example, this00:08:56
means that if it were fixist00:08:59
means that since antiquity00:09:04
until today there has been no00:09:08
modification of your genetic code in00:09:11
relation to your immunological response to00:09:13
produce00:09:14
antibodies it means that we00:09:17
could be decimated by another00:09:19
pathogen a new pathogen is not00:09:22
because we we have a load of00:09:25
information Of course I'm talking about population00:09:29
Some will have better00:09:32
efficiency the other moderate and the others00:09:36
won't have it why Because we are00:09:38
talking now it's not just the environment it's00:09:41
contact information sexual intercourse00:09:45
you with other populations when you add00:09:50
information through the sexual intercourse00:09:53
can you put the g in00:09:56
certain populations that don't have00:09:58
that information we are talking about00:10:00
this on the screen my00:10:03
director so then we have the Greek00:10:07
Aristotle00:10:09
Aristotle who believed that00:10:11
organisms were00:10:14
distributed according to a scale that went00:10:17
from the simple to the most complex So there was00:10:21
the what a teacher for him the process00:10:24
was always what was the simplest thing00:10:26
and what was complex was more00:10:29
evolved we know that this is not the case00:10:31
folks it is not because you are00:10:33
simple you are less evolved it is not00:10:36
because you are complex you are more00:10:38
evolved people have to be a little00:10:40
careful with this00:10:42
concept This00:10:44
Aristotelian or Aristotelian vision that lasted00:10:48
for around 2000 years admitted that00:10:51
species were fixed and immutable, of course,00:10:55
adjustments occurred, right, in this process00:10:59
of complex beings and simple beings,00:11:05
okay Example, right, kiss flower with its00:11:08
long beaks are adapted to collecting00:11:11
necta contained in the tubular flowers00:11:15
that they visited these observations00:11:19
soon gave rise to the synthetic theory of00:11:23
evolution or What we know as neod00:11:26
verism which was formulated by several00:11:29
researchers during years of studies00:11:31
taken as Essence who Darwin's notions00:11:34
about natural selection00:11:37
considered more current notions of00:11:41
genetics so we have what the00:11:44
improvement, growth or00:11:46
development of an idea of a00:11:48
consumption system or what we call an00:11:50
individual that will develop00:11:53
gradually and progressively there we00:11:56
we have some main points which00:11:59
are Professor anatomy we have00:12:03
molecular biology we have00:12:07
biogeography when we talk about00:12:09
anatomy it's the shape it's clear that in the00:12:13
vast majority I like to talk about anof00:12:17
physior anat physioma is is the an means00:12:23
anatomy location position of organs00:12:27
the form and00:12:29
functioning are integrated with what00:12:32
this is the phenotype anatomy is the phenotype00:12:36
are integrated with the genetic load and00:12:39
the genetic load related to00:12:44
environmental actions is00:12:46
biogeography expressed in the individual an00:12:50
anatomorphophysiology00:12:52
where he will respond he will be00:12:56
put to the test example my00:13:00
dears because people on the Globe on the00:13:04
Globe Let's put the globe there because00:13:06
people on certain00:13:10
continents are lighter and more or00:13:14
darker have body hair and00:13:17
others do not have body hair00:13:20
person within some00:13:23
distributed continents There on the Globe there are people who00:13:27
are higher populations, no people,00:13:30
sorry for the mistake, I'm not00:13:33
talking about00:13:34
level, eh, individual, I'm talking about00:13:37
populations, so people who are above00:13:41
the Grenonium axis or who are below00:13:44
that axis or who are above the Tropic00:13:47
of Capricorn because they suffer more00:13:49
or less pressure from00:13:51
gravity and the relationship between00:13:54
atmospheric pressure and the action of gravity. Is it00:13:56
correct to say atmospheric pressure and the00:13:59
action of gravity? This population00:14:01
is higher, populations are00:14:04
lower, they are average populations, so then00:14:07
we we have what Professor a relationship with00:14:10
genetics a relationship with00:14:12
anatomorphophysiology00:14:14
related to what with the environment00:14:18
Ah so in this way how did you00:14:23
observe this Professor how did you00:14:25
have this vision through a process00:14:27
we know as00:14:29
paleontology which are studies of fossils00:14:32
that have been documented throughout00:14:35
existence, of course many were00:14:37
extinct, but then of course we are00:14:40
talking about00:14:43
finds in which certain animals and00:14:47
certain times and positions times not00:14:50
certain places and00:14:53
geographical positions also determine their00:14:56
anatomical00:15:01
morphology, but man descends from M00:15:06
descends from the monkey Who said that00:15:09
Darwin never said that he was concerned about00:15:14
clarifying the fact that all00:15:18
living species is very funny, right all00:15:21
living species Okay But come on,00:15:25
Professor, this sentence is wrong, calm down,00:15:27
I'm talking to myself, my00:15:29
dear00:15:32
students, all living species,00:15:34
including man, would have00:15:37
emerged through a long process of00:15:39
evolution from beings that00:15:42
preceded him, but he never talked about00:15:45
monkeys, now that's the point, it's clear that00:15:48
I got a bug here when I00:15:50
read it like that, oh man here on the screen my00:15:53
director puts it on the screen director Look,00:15:56
my dears, it's worth it here I got00:15:58
a bug00:15:59
when I read this here, look at all the00:16:03
living species, but teacher, if we're00:16:06
talking about evolution, it's about the living species00:16:11
too, then we're not going to talk of00:16:13
non-living species for the love of God00:16:16
is correct the phrase is living is because00:16:20
we are only talking about00:16:22
We00:16:24
living animal and plant beings but I am00:16:28
also talking about what of the facts that we00:16:30
suffer action from the environment remember Globo the00:16:35
grenwich axis00:16:37
latitude longitude whether it is above whether it is00:16:41
below the tropics of00:16:43
us all living beings go through00:16:48
transformations adaptive modifications00:16:51
by C in the00:16:52
environment but as we00:16:56
also have a00:17:00
different population anatomorphophysiology thanks to what the00:17:03
environment the environment when I speak I'm00:17:06
not speaking of plant beings I00:17:09
'm talking about abiotic factors which00:17:14
are non-00:17:15
living abiotic factors00:17:19
Professor water00:17:24
temperature I'm just going to put these two00:17:27
here00:17:29
temperature so we have00:17:33
cold regions hot regions regions that have an00:17:36
intermediate temperature which affects00:17:40
the behavior of living beings of00:17:42
animal origin and plants, the00:17:45
molecules that we inhale, greater or00:17:49
lesser amounts of00:17:52
oxygen availability, this also alters the00:17:56
morphophysiological processes, example, professor,00:17:59
if you live in a place that has00:18:01
oxygen availability, your00:18:07
hematosis capacity is greater or lesser in relation to00:18:10
people who do not live in that environment that's why00:18:12
we have people who are00:18:14
swimming enzymes because they do00:18:18
apnea, so people who can00:18:22
hold oxygen for longer in00:18:27
case of need is crucial for00:18:30
survival or people or plants that00:18:34
have the ability to process00:18:38
carbon fixation oxygen fixation and this will00:18:41
interfere with the00:18:43
fruit production process and the development of00:18:47
green mass, so these beings that00:18:50
are not beings, these abiotic factors00:18:53
also evolve these molecules, which is why it is00:18:56
not wrong here, the context00:18:58
when we only talk about living things We have to be00:19:01
very careful that in the00:19:02
evolutionary process when we talk about00:19:05
living beings and the process00:19:08
of the evolutionary process that occurs in00:19:11
their anatomorphophysiology00:19:13
when we don't talk about00:19:16
abiotic factors we have to be careful just to be00:19:19
able to clarify this here that gave me00:19:21
a bug Ok director Look at the00:19:27
screen00:19:29
So we go here je baptist00:19:35
Lar teacher this Cabrinha there he was, he was00:19:40
a Frenchman who there, right, proposed the title,00:19:44
right, he has the title of knight, but He00:19:46
proposed the law of use and disuse where he,00:19:52
through his observations,00:19:54
right, made some comparisons there by the00:19:59
first fixist scientists, right, in00:20:02
relation to the adaptation process,00:20:04
professor who also gave the concepts00:20:09
that he believed that the law of00:20:12
spontaneous generation, the scale, right, of the00:20:16
evolutionary process, was also observed there, the00:20:19
first theory that is comprehensive of00:20:22
evolution by00:20:24
larc we observed the law of use disuse00:20:29
proposed by him which is the classic one, right00:20:32
when he takes it and00:20:34
talks about this process of adaptation one or00:20:37
more organs are used more00:20:40
than others so he said that00:20:42
the more you use a certain00:20:45
organ or00:20:48
morphophysiological structure it develops in00:20:51
its00:20:53
descendants in the00:20:56
adaptive process, the more you use it, the better00:21:00
for your descendants, like the00:21:02
giraffe's neck, so the giraffe stretched its00:21:06
neck in a certain generation, which00:21:10
allows other generations00:21:13
to show an increase in that neck,00:21:17
it was the what he said is why00:21:19
giraffes exist Professor how does he00:21:23
explain the difference in00:21:25
neck size from one giraffe to another00:21:27
because of00:21:28
generations generations who used to00:21:31
stretch their necks more to reach00:21:35
higher bushes passed this00:21:38
information on to generations who didn't use it00:21:41
either it was of average size, so00:21:43
the difference in the size of the neck is in00:21:46
relation to the00:21:49
generation. Of course, folks, that didn't00:21:51
last long, thanks to00:21:54
Darvin's proposal, how did00:21:59
these processes occur, Professor, where do we00:22:01
have adaptations and variations, there are00:22:05
some criticism of00:22:09
Lamarc's theory that required the00:22:11
adaptive process through a certain00:22:13
reaction as Furthermore, the use00:22:17
of certain organs does not always carry out the00:22:19
process of00:22:21
transmission that we call00:22:24
heredity, this is possible, which00:22:28
is not what is transmitted just because Did00:22:31
you use it? Or did you stop using it? So00:22:34
Lamar's theory influenced scholars of the00:22:38
evolutionary process, but they were refuted00:22:41
by Charles Darvin in the third edition of00:22:46
his third edition of the origin of00:22:49
species, right? Darwin even praised the00:22:54
researcher, he was great, but who was00:22:56
this giver? He was a great naturalist and the00:23:01
author of an important00:23:06
work on biology entitled the origin of00:23:10
species. Professor, what Charvin, right,00:23:15
advocated, Charles Darwin showed00:23:18
interest in nature and all the00:23:20
phenomena that occurred in it when00:23:22
we talk about nature.00:23:29
Among all living beings that we will00:23:35
call ah,00:23:37
biotics are all00:23:41
living beings biotic all living beings of00:23:45
animal and plant origin okay and00:23:51
also00:23:54
microscopic beings that exist the00:23:56
microscopes that we cannot see00:23:58
These are the living beings related00:24:01
to These are the biotic ones, they have an00:24:05
interaction with the abiotic ones, which00:24:08
is water, temperature,00:24:11
matter and molecules that are00:24:15
suspended there, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon,00:24:18
carbon dioxide, these molecules influence00:24:21
the interaction between them, which is what Darve00:24:25
calls nature, nature for Darve,00:24:27
no That's when we open the window,00:24:29
look at nature, don't he see the interaction00:24:32
of biotic and abiotic beings, which obviously00:24:35
constitutes what this whole environment that00:24:39
we are in,00:24:45
nature, OK, I understand, professor, I understand, and00:24:50
what did he propose, right? He went on00:24:52
trips, he traveled. Then, of course,00:24:56
all of this is financed.00:24:58
Professor, behind the scenes of00:25:01
financing Darwin's research,00:25:04
ask the history professor, he00:25:05
'll explain00:25:10
it better, so he also arrived here, he00:25:13
landed in Rio de Janeiro, right, in00:25:19
1832, man, that's what I call, I call00:25:23
of00:25:25
eternity, oh,00:25:30
give one, give one, give a team, my00:25:33
dear students, Darvin, let's go here,00:25:36
let's go back a blade, what is00:25:38
eternity for you, Professor, one00:25:41
thing00:25:42
a lot, come here, computer,00:25:48
hmm, just a00:25:51
minute00:25:53
here, that Mark,00:25:56
right,00:25:59
let's go back here00:26:02
from the00:26:04
fart it's here Darwin, right Darwin started his00:26:08
studies guys And then Charles Darwin00:26:12
was born on the day this is where I wanted to find it so I can00:26:15
tell you straight what00:26:16
I call eternity Charles Darwin00:26:20
was born on the 12th of February00:26:25
1809 oh what an eternity because my00:26:29
Dear, if you want to pass the00:26:31
ENEM, if you want to do medicine, you00:26:35
at least have to know who this00:26:37
goat was, falling or not falling, anything00:26:39
that involves genetics, evolution,00:26:42
you understand, to this day, this goat is here,00:26:44
we're talking about him, it's not00:26:46
interesting That's00:26:49
eternity, I understand, professor, I understand that00:26:52
Charles Davin proposed when he arrived here00:26:54
in Brazil in00:26:56
1832, folks,00:26:59
he proposed, right? An evolutionary process00:27:04
through adaptation, whatever it is, it's00:27:07
natural selection, the environment we call00:27:09
nature, it is, it is. the00:27:13
structure that will promote whether00:27:17
that particular individual of00:27:20
animal or plant origin is able or adapted00:27:24
to the diversities that may occur during00:27:28
this process that he is here in the00:27:30
environment if he can support this00:27:34
diversity he achieves what00:27:38
proliferation by00:27:57
maintaining and transmitting the your00:27:59
information so they are adapted,00:28:02
okay, Darven is the only one00:28:07
who can reach the reproductive adult stage00:28:10
and transmits this information,00:28:13
providing conditions for their00:28:16
descendants to remain, have this00:28:19
adaptability.00:28:28
difference between D and paraar in00:28:31
relation to the giraffe look here and here,00:28:34
a comparison by Darvin00:28:38
lamark lamark said the giraffe stretched00:28:42
its neck to reach the00:28:46
earthier but newer branches, so with better00:28:51
quality of nutrients it stretched00:28:53
The more it used its neck it00:28:56
passed PR your descendants are ok00:28:59
Everything00:29:01
and lam said why they have a bigger and smaller00:29:05
neck because some generations used it00:29:07
more and other generations used it less dav00:29:11
said no what do you mean no00:29:15
no the individuals giraffes with00:29:20
long necks there were giraffes with short necks00:29:24
giraffes with long necks they were able to00:29:29
eat from low trees and tall trees00:29:33
when the short trees ran out they were00:29:37
still able to eat from tall trees00:29:40
tall bushes and the short giraffes00:29:43
couldn't reach so they stayed00:29:46
what where did they starve to death they00:29:49
stayed They wouldn't have what00:29:52
nutrients for better performance and00:29:55
escape from the Predator00:29:58
nutrients to improve the00:30:01
immune system and if you have00:30:04
people if you are cold for example if00:30:08
I eat my best I have nutrients00:30:11
I have a layer of fat lowered the00:30:15
personal temperature when the00:30:17
temperature drops the temperature increases the temperature00:30:19
first thing respiratory system or00:30:22
you get hoarse or you have a sniffle or you get a00:30:25
runny nose it's the immune system00:30:27
reacting so if the giraffe how it00:30:30
feeds well climate changes don't00:30:33
affect its immune system and then00:30:36
how could they get food00:30:39
because they are in an environment that changes the00:30:41
temperature and then if it doesn't have a lot of00:30:44
nutrients it becomes weak And then the predators00:30:48
are beasts Predator runs after where the00:30:52
youngest of the weakest of now if00:30:56
I'm young00:30:58
and how well I can run faster, I'm00:31:01
not smarter but I'm attentive and00:31:05
so on What did you say? These giraffes with00:31:08
long necks ate so much from the00:31:10
low bush and then they were strong, they00:31:13
reproduced and passed this on to their00:31:16
descendants who are still there today and those with00:31:19
short necks died.00:31:23
Professor, that's ok, but there are giraffes00:31:28
that have short necks, not yet. it was supposed00:31:31
to be there was supposed to be a giraffe, everything was uniform,00:31:34
isn't it because in nature how did00:31:37
David explain it? David explained it like this,00:31:40
in nature you don't control your heart,00:31:44
the long-necked giraffe was only supposed to00:31:47
cross with the long-necked giraffe, but00:31:49
no, it won't. there and crosses with a00:31:51
short-necked giraffe and then the genetic material,00:31:55
my dear, is of no use00:31:58
And another thing he says to the00:32:01
short-necked giraffe if it wants to survive It00:32:04
goes to environments that have lower bushes00:32:07
so that it can maintain its00:32:11
genetic quality, not that she used it stretched that00:32:13
she used stretched it understand00:32:18
oh it's beautiful00:32:21
this forward straight So my dears00:32:27
not only with the giraffes but with all00:32:30
living beings of animal and00:32:34
plant origin what Darvin says what00:32:37
is prepared fit00:32:41
adapted when he00:32:45
can get there the reproduction phase if00:32:48
he reached the reproduction phase it is00:32:51
because he has00:32:59
better genetic characteristics than your00:33:04
ancestors00:33:06
where he gets better nutrition00:33:10
when he gets better nutrition00:33:13
better perception development of00:33:17
ideas development of security what do you00:33:20
mean teacher during the processes00:33:23
evolutionary some population groups00:33:27
realized that the00:33:31
protection process guarantees00:33:34
that individuals who do not have so much00:33:37
capacity can survive this00:33:40
through events which he calls the00:33:44
evolutionary process of00:33:47
individual perception between species What00:33:51
keeps the number of individuals constant00:33:54
here professor in relation to other00:33:57
organisms that act during the process00:33:59
of natural selection, he made00:34:01
observations and experiments with some00:34:04
birds. So guys, I'm going to tell00:34:06
you something here, my director, back with00:34:11
me, when are we going to take a look at the00:34:16
evolution of species and how? how00:34:19
this process occurred, Darvin is always00:34:22
doing his experiments00:34:25
with00:34:28
birds, butterflies, right?00:34:32
Reptiles,00:34:36
birds, reptiles, and when he makes00:34:40
butterflies, when he makes these00:34:43
observations, he00:34:48
transposes these observations of the00:34:51
evolutionary process to human beings, and this is just how00:34:55
this process of transposition00:34:58
transposes everything studied in other00:35:01
kingdoms, the animal kingdom transposes it to00:35:04
the plant kingdom within the animal kingdom,00:35:07
we have00:35:09
observations00:35:12
carried out in reptiles, observations00:35:15
carried out in birds, observations00:35:17
carried out in mammals, observations00:35:21
carried out and will be transposed to us, then00:35:25
we will only have one class00:35:27
of human beings, how this00:35:30
process occurred, it's good on the screen, my00:35:36
director also made these observations00:35:39
with the tendil, right, where do you conclude there, he gave00:35:44
neod vinism, the synthetic theory of00:35:48
evolution or neodis was formulated by00:35:51
several researchers taking00:35:54
Darven's notions about the00:35:57
natural selection00:35:59
incorporating current notions of00:36:03
genetic knowledge remember in the first00:36:07
class of One in the first class We were00:36:11
talking there guys talking about the00:36:14
genetic concepts of when Gregory00:36:18
Mendel has access to the studies carried out00:36:23
by Darwin and the00:36:28
incorporation of the first and second00:36:31
Mendelian law that favors the00:36:37
evolutionary process is the and the evolutionary process of the00:36:45
anatomorphophysiology00:36:48
of human beings is that little word.00:36:51
Of course, this whole process has00:36:55
its charge Gene ethics where evolution is the00:36:58
reality of transformation into00:37:00
statistics, so what does00:37:02
this mean with Darwin's knowledge and00:37:08
Mendel's knowledge a statistical calculation was made00:37:13
q which is equal to nq00:37:18
and p is equal to RQ if one is equal to the00:37:25
other00:37:27
the evolution is constant if f we will00:37:30
see this this class a there is a class a00:37:34
mathematical calculation that when p is equal to q,00:37:39
evolution is constant, if it is not equal to00:37:42
something, some phenomenon happened, then we00:37:47
have some change in that00:37:50
population, what are you talking about,00:37:52
professor, it's a class that will still00:37:54
see what it is, okay, B, let's go, I'm already there. In00:37:57
advance, that's why I can't00:37:59
teach alone, look,00:38:01
what's the first00:38:04
evolutionary step for human beings? What's the00:38:06
next step that's waiting for the00:38:08
next evolutionary event?00:38:15
born must00:38:18
have already died and no one knows why00:38:21
today when someone dies they have to00:38:23
do a biopsy, that's not why there are00:38:25
other things too, right00:38:27
when a person is born who no longer has00:38:29
what they are is useless, they have to00:38:32
disappear so the next thing it passes is when it00:38:35
disappears it is no longer Expressed It is still00:38:38
being Expressed but it has no00:38:40
function the only thing it does is what00:38:42
a beautiful thing about an infection in the00:38:45
person which is this happens in youth00:38:49
and it is a high risk when it happens in a00:38:53
adult, then the first evolutionary step00:38:55
that says like this, the event occurred,00:38:59
the man or woman was born, right, without this00:39:02
structure This is already expected in the00:39:06
evolutionary mathematical calculation proposed by00:39:10
neo-Darwinism, which is what they are and does not00:39:14
exist Jeferson, which are the00:39:19
darvan concepts together with00:39:23
Mendelian concepts Oh my God00:39:28
Wow, no, with that guys, we00:39:31
have Of course, it stops occurring, there are00:39:34
mutations, of course, mutations exist,00:39:37
recombinations, selections, migrations00:39:40
so that we can understand and some00:39:43
geological effects we call00:39:46
reproductive isolation,00:39:49
isolation00:39:51
reproductive that When new00:39:54
species appear, that's interesting for me, my00:39:56
director, but my dears, do00:40:01
n't worry, in a little while, we'll come back so we can play00:40:02
that quick game of batting,00:40:04
if you have any doubts, we'll see you,00:40:07
Sana, in the next class,00:40:12
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