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Russian
00:00:00
In this class, you will learn how to use the
past simple tense.00:00:04
This is one of the most exciting and important
tenses in our series of English verb tenses.00:00:10
Why?00:00:11
Because we use this tense so often to talk
about all kinds of things.00:00:17
For example, you can use this tense to tell
someone what you did yesterday.00:00:22
You can also use this tense to tell somebody
what happened in the world 500 years ago.00:00:28
So, whatever you're trying to describe that
happened before now, you can use the past00:00:35
simple tense.00:00:36
So, are you with me?00:00:38
Are you ready to learn this tense?00:00:40
Let's get started.00:00:42
So, you see here on the board, I've shown
a timeline.00:00:47
Here, we see "now", okay?00:00:51
And everything before now is in the past.00:00:55
So, when we talk about the past simple tense,
we're talking about a time that is before00:01:02
now or in the past.00:01:05
But past simple specifically talks about something
that happened in the past and it's finished00:01:14
and it's over, okay?00:01:16
We can talk about an action, or an event,
or a situation that started and ended in the00:01:25
past, okay?00:01:26
And that's shown here by these little Xs,
these things happened before, okay?00:01:33
So, now let's look at a little sample of what
this tense sounds like when we actually use00:01:41
it with a basic verb, the verb "to work".00:01:45
So, in some ways, this is so easy because
when we use the past simple tense with these00:01:52
- all of these different subjects, right,
you just have to learn one word.00:01:59
So, for example, if our base verb is "to work",
in the past we just say "worked".00:02:07
What did we do?00:02:08
We added "-ed".00:02:10
So, say it after me: I worked.00:02:15
You worked.00:02:17
We worked.00:02:19
They worked.00:02:22
He worked.00:02:24
She worked, and it worked.00:02:27
That's it!00:02:28
You just used the past simple tense.00:02:30
Good for you.00:02:31
Now, let's look at when we use the past simple
tense, okay?00:02:36
So, we can use it with the time expression
or without a time expression.00:02:43
What do I mean by that?00:02:44
Let's see.00:02:45
"Brian called last week."00:02:49
So, when we say "last week", right, that's
a time expression.00:02:53
It's a word that tells us about time, like
yesterday, last month, last year, okay, five00:03:01
years ago, these are all time expressions.00:03:03
So, of course, you can use a time expression
with the past tense.00:03:09
What's the past tense here?00:03:12
This word: called.00:03:15
But you could also use the past simple tense
without a time expression.00:03:20
So, you can simply say "I cooked dinner.",
okay?00:03:25
And as soon as I use this word "cooked", we
know that we're talking about the past.00:03:32
Next, we can use the past simple tense to
talk about the recent past or the distant00:03:39
past.00:03:40
What do I mean by that?00:03:41
The recent past means something that just
happened a short time ago, and the distant00:03:48
past means something that happened a long
time ago.00:03:52
Let's look at some examples.00:03:54
"We visited her yesterday."00:03:57
Okay, yesterday is not very long ago, so we
could use it with the past simple.00:04:03
We could also use the past simple to talk
about something that happened way back: "She00:04:09
lived in London a long time ago.", alright?00:04:12
So, it doesn't matter, we can use it in all
these cases.00:04:16
Next, we can use one verb, or we can use many
verbs in the sentence, it doesn't matter.00:04:24
Usually, they will all be in the past simple.00:04:28
For example, we can use it for one action:
"She talked to her manager.", right?00:04:33
What's the verb here?00:04:35
Talked.00:04:37
Or we can use it for many actions, in one
sentence even: "They invited their friends,00:04:45
ordered pizza, and watched the game.", okay?00:04:51
So here, we have three verbs.00:04:53
Doesn't matter, you can have as many verbs
as you need to and it's not a problem.00:04:57
Most of the time, once you start in the past
simple, you're going to stay in that tense00:05:01
though, okay?00:05:03
And here, we have the other verbs in our examples.00:05:07
So, these are the main situations in which
you can use freely and easily the past simple00:05:13
tense.00:05:14
Now, let's look at how we form the past simple
tense.00:05:18
So, the first thing you have to remember when
you're working with this tense, is that in00:05:23
English, there are two kinds of verbs: regular
verbs and irregular verbs.00:05:30
How do we know which is which?00:05:33
Well, it's kind of a little tricky, but the
regular verbs are the ones that, in the past00:05:41
tense, they just have "-ed" or "-d", they
end like that.00:05:47
For example: work becomes worked.00:05:52
Clean becomes cleaned.00:05:56
Watch becomes watched, right?00:05:59
So, in all those cases, we see that there
is a "-ed", this is the most common ending,00:06:06
we will see later there are a few other ways
that we can do it, but usually we add "-ed",00:06:13
but in the irregular verbs, that doesn't happen.00:06:18
We don't have a past tense form which has
"-ed".00:06:23
In the irregular cases, sometimes the verb
changes a little bit and sometimes it changes00:06:29
completely.00:06:30
You probably already have heard many of these
words, though, so you probably do know them,00:06:36
so let's look at the verb "go".00:06:38
In the past, it becomes "went".00:06:41
Completely different.00:06:43
See becomes saw.00:06:46
I see today, I saw yesterday.00:06:51
Buy becomes bought.00:06:53
So, those are just some examples of the irregular
ones, okay, there are many more and we're00:06:59
going to look at exactly how that works a
little bit later, but for now, let's start00:07:05
with the regular verbs, okay, and I'll show
you exactly what to do and how to use them00:07:11
in a positive sentence, in a negative sentence,
and in a question.00:07:16
So, we already looked a little bit at the
positive or affirmative sentence, and we saw00:07:24
that all we do is we take the base form of
our verb, so let's say our base verb here00:07:30
is the verb "to work", right?00:07:34
This is the base form before we make any changes
to it.00:07:38
So, when we put it into the past simple tense,
in this case, it's a regular verb, so we just00:07:44
add "-ed", and we can use that same verb for
all of the subjects, right?00:07:50
You remember that from the beginning?00:07:52
I worked, you worked, we worked, they worked,
he worked, she worked, it worked, you don't00:07:58
have to change it.00:07:59
This is a lot easier, actually, in English
than in many other languages where there are00:08:05
different forms for every subject, so sometimes
English is actually easier and might be easier00:08:11
than many other languages, okay?00:08:13
So, that's for the positive sentence.00:08:16
Now, let's look at what happens when we make
it negative, make a negative sentence, so00:08:21
then we say, "I didn't work.".00:08:25
So, what happens here?00:08:28
Here, you have to use a helping verb, which
is the verb "do", in the past "did", and negative,00:08:36
"didn't".00:08:37
Didn't is the short form that we usually use
in conversation.00:08:43
We say, "I didn't work.", but what does it
stand for?00:08:48
Didn't is actually a short form, or a contraction,
of two words: did not.00:08:54
So, you could say "We did not work.", but
usually, if we're just speaking in regular00:09:02
conversation, we just say "We didn't work.".00:09:06
Say it after me: We didn't work.00:09:10
It's a little bit tricky to get it out of
your mouth, but if you practice it, you'll00:09:14
get it, alright?00:09:16
Next, what happens when we ask a question?00:09:20
We have to use that same helping verb again,
this time the order changes though, okay?00:09:26
So, we put "did" first.00:09:27
Did I work?00:09:30
Did you work?00:09:32
Did we work?00:09:35
Did they work?00:09:36
Did he work?00:09:38
Did she work?00:09:39
Did it work?00:09:41
Okay.00:09:43
Now, did you realize something?00:09:46
Here, we had to change the verb, right?00:09:50
In the positive sentence, the verb changed,
we added that "-ed" and we said, "They worked.",00:09:56
but here, what happened?00:09:58
We came back to the base form of the verb,
right?00:10:02
We just said, "They didn't work.", and what
happened with the question?00:10:08
We came back to the base form of the verb,
we said "Did they work?"00:10:13
So, the only place where you really need to
change the verb at all, the regular verb,00:10:19
is here in a positive or affirmative sentence,
okay?00:10:25
Now remember that when you're asking questions,
first of all, this is just like a regular00:10:30
question, right?00:10:31
"Did they work yesterday?", for example.00:10:34
You could also ask what's called a negative
question.00:10:37
You could say something like "Didn't they
work yesterday?00:10:43
I thought so."00:10:44
Didn't you work yesterday?00:10:46
Okay?00:10:47
It's possible, okay?00:10:49
Or, you could ask a question that begins with
one of the question words.00:10:55
What are the question words again?00:10:57
Who, what, when, where, why, how, how much,
how many, right?00:11:02
So, then what happens?00:11:04
We put it before this.00:11:06
We have to keep the same structure and we
say, "Where did you work yesterday?"00:11:11
"When did they work?"00:11:14
"Why did he work?", okay?00:11:17
So, just put the question word, if you have
one, before "did", but we need the word "did"00:11:24
to form the question.00:11:25
So, this is the entire structure of the past
simple tense for regular verbs.00:11:32
Now, let's look at some of the spelling changes
we need to make when using the past simple00:11:37
tense.00:11:38
So, we already talked about the basic one,
which is that you take the verb, the base00:11:45
form of the verb, and you add "-ed".00:11:48
So here, we have some examples.00:11:50
Walk and walked.00:11:53
Cook and cooked, right?00:11:58
We just needed to add "-ed", and that works
for lots of the regular verbs, but there are00:12:04
always some exceptions, and here are a few
exceptions, okay?00:12:08
Sometimes, the verb itself, the base form
of the verb ends with an "e" already, then00:12:14
you don't need to add another "e", you just
add "d", so bake and baked.00:12:25
Use - used.00:12:28
We just added the "d" there.00:12:31
Next, if you have a verb that ends with a
"y" and has a consonant before it, okay, consonant00:12:41
means anything that's not a vowel.00:12:44
A vowel is A, E, I, O, U and a consonant is
anything else but that vowel, okay?00:12:51
So, if you have a word that ends with "y"
and has a consonant before it, then what you00:12:58
do is you cancel the "y", right, cancel the
"y" and add "-ied", like you see here: cried.00:13:08
Study - studied.00:13:11
Okay?00:13:12
Got that?00:13:15
And then we have one other pattern that you
might see very often, and that is when we00:13:20
double the last letter and then add "-ed".00:13:24
When do we do that?00:13:26
If you look at the base form of the verb,
from the end, okay, and you see that there00:13:32
is a consonant and a vowel and a consonant,
alright, from the end, then we usually double00:13:41
the last letter as in stop - stopped.00:13:45
Plan - planned.00:13:48
So, we doubled the last letter plus we added
the "-ed".00:13:53
So, these are some of the basic ways in which
you need to make spelling changes in the past00:13:59
simple tense, but the best way for you to
learn it is with these rules but also by just00:14:05
observing and paying attention every time
you're reading English.00:14:09
Pay attention to the spelling so that you
can master it.00:14:12
Now, let's talk about pronunciation.00:14:15
The pronunciation of past tense regular verbs
depends not on the spelling but on the sound00:14:23
of the base form of the verb at the end.00:14:28
So, if the base form of the verb has a voiced
sound, then we pronounce it with a "d".00:14:38
What does that mean, voiced sound?00:14:40
It means that when you say it, it has a little
bit of vibration, it creates some vibration00:14:48
or movement inside your vocal cords or your
throat.00:14:55
Consonants that do that, voiced consonants,
are N, G, M, R, V, vowels, and so on.00:15:05
There are more, okay?00:15:07
So, when you say these words, words that end
with that kind of voiced sound in the base00:15:15
form of the verb, like "learn", right?00:15:20
Charge, or play, call, right?00:15:25
When you have those sounds, then you're going
to say them with a "d".00:15:29
For example: learned, charged, played, called,
loved, seemed.00:15:39
Okay?00:15:40
Now, if the last sound of the base form of
the verb is unvoiced, then that means that00:15:52
there's no vibration or almost no vibration,
alright, when you say it.00:15:58
Consonants like those are K, S, P, F, also
words that end with a "CH" sound or "SH" sound,00:16:10
these are unvoiced, there's very little vibration,
so for these kind of words, we have a "t"00:16:18
or "tuh" sound at the end.00:16:22
For example: cooked, hoped, missed, washed,
laughed, watched, okay?00:16:35
Got that?00:16:38
Now, I know it's a little bit hard, like how
are you going to remember like voiced, unvoiced,00:16:44
vibration, no vibration, movement, no movement?00:16:47
So, it is technical.00:16:51
If you're very interested in the pronunciation
and you want to understand it perfectly, then00:16:56
please study that in detail and you will be
able to master it, okay?00:17:01
But otherwise, what you can do for these two
columns is to listen carefully and for all00:17:07
words, listen very carefully to good English
teachers, good English speakers, and pay attention00:17:14
to these words, okay?00:17:16
Now, one category that's easier is when the
base form of the verb ends with a "t" or a00:17:25
"d" sound.00:17:26
That means a "tuh" or "duh" sound.00:17:30
For example, want, right?00:17:33
We had the "t" sound, or need, we had the
"d" sound, in those cases, it's really easy.00:17:42
We just make the ending stronger and we say
like a "ed" sound.00:17:47
For example: wanted, needed, invited, decided,
started, ended.00:17:58
Okay?00:17:59
So, those are the basic rules for pronouncing
the regular past tense form of verbs.00:18:07
Now, let's practice what you've learned.00:18:09
So, first, we'll take some sentences that
are written in the present simple tense and00:18:15
we'll change them into sentences into the
past simple tense, okay?00:18:20
These are just positive sentences, not negative
and not questions.00:18:25
So, number one: I play tennis.00:18:30
In the past, what does that become?00:18:32
Played.00:18:33
I
played tennis, right?00:18:44
Good.00:18:45
Next: They study math.00:18:50
What does that become in the past?00:18:53
They - yes, studied.00:18:58
They studied math, and remember, the spelling
changed because it's a "y" here, becomes "-ied",00:19:07
good.00:19:09
Now, let's take some sentences which are already
in the past but they're positive sentences00:19:15
and change them to make them negative sentences.00:19:20
Number three: It rained becomes - what?00:19:25
What do we need?00:19:30
It didn't rain.00:19:33
Remember?00:19:35
We come back to the base form of the verb
here after the negative sentence, right?00:19:42
It didn't rain.00:19:44
Number four: John called.00:19:49
Make it negative: John didn't call.00:19:58
Again, we've come back to the base form of
the verb.00:20:04
You've got it.00:20:05
Okay, next, let's do a few questions, alright?00:20:10
Number five: Alex sent the email.00:20:14
So, you want to know if Alex did that, so
how would you start that question?00:20:22
You'd start with the word "Did", right?00:20:29
Did Alex send the email?00:20:36
Okay?00:20:37
Did Alex send?00:20:38
Here, it was "Alex sent", but we're coming
back to what?00:20:43
The base form of the verb, yes.00:20:46
Did Alex send the email, okay?00:20:48
Very good.00:20:49
And, of course, we had to start with "did",
that helping verb that we use with questions00:20:55
and with negative sentences.00:20:57
Alright.00:20:58
Number six: They stayed at the hotel.00:21:04
So, you want to ask a question now that starts
with "Where".00:21:11
What do you need to say after that?00:21:14
Where did they stay?00:21:22
Right?00:21:24
Because even if you add the question word,
you're still going to need to have that "did"00:21:29
and then your subject and then the verb in
the base form, okay, good.00:21:36
Number seven: She arrived at 6:00.00:21:40
Now, your question is asking about "When".00:21:46
When did she arrive?00:21:52
Okay?00:21:54
Again, we've come back to the base form of
the verb, okay?00:21:59
Very good.00:22:00
So, if you've got these right, that means
you've understood it, and if you haven't,00:22:03
we're going to practice a little bit more
as we go along.00:22:06
Now, let's look at how to form the past simple
tense with irregular verbs.00:22:11
So, once again, what's an irregular verb?00:22:14
That's a verb where the past tense form is
quite different or sometimes completely different00:22:23
from the regular base form of the verb.00:22:26
Let's look at an example here.00:22:29
Our base verb is going to be the verb "to
go", alright?00:22:35
This is our base verb.00:22:36
So, in the past, in a positive sentence, what
do we say?00:22:42
I went.00:22:45
Go becomes went.00:22:46
And again, it will be the same for all of
the subjects.00:22:50
I went, you went, we went, they went, he went,
she went, it went, right?00:22:59
So, go becomes went.00:23:01
How do you know that?00:23:02
You just have to learn it.00:23:04
You have to memorize it.00:23:06
You have to remember it, okay?00:23:08
There is no other way, really.00:23:12
Next, when we go to the negative sentence,
so, it's the same principle as we learned00:23:18
for the regular verbs.00:23:19
We're going to back to the base form of the
verb, let's see how it sounds.00:23:24
So, positive: I went.00:23:27
Negative: I didn't go.00:23:30
We've come back, right, to the base form of
the verb here.00:23:34
I didn't go.00:23:36
And again, didn't is a contraction or short
form for the words "did not", but again, in00:23:44
conversation, we're just going to say "didn't".00:23:47
So, I didn't go.00:23:49
Question, again, we need that helping verb
"did" in the negative and in the question,00:23:57
so the question becomes "Did you go?".00:24:00
Again, we're coming back to that base form
of the verb, okay?00:24:07
So, that part is the same.00:24:08
The principle is the same.00:24:10
The way that we form those verbs is the same
for regular and irregular, just with irregular,00:24:16
you have to learn what is that past tense
form for the verb, okay?00:24:21
But otherwise, it's really the same thing,
so once you've learned it for regular verbs,00:24:25
you can apply the same rules to work on these
verbs, okay?00:24:31
And remember the same style works here, so
if you need to add a question word: Where00:24:36
did you go?00:24:38
When did you go?00:24:39
How did you go?00:24:40
Why did you go?00:24:42
Right?00:24:43
We just put it just here, before the "did",
but we have to keep this order, alright?00:24:49
Now, just to show you that you've got it,
let's try with another irregular verb: buy.00:24:55
So, buy is the base form of the verb.00:24:58
What does it become in the past, have you
heard it?00:25:01
Every day, I buy a newspaper.00:25:06
Yesterday, I bought, okay?00:25:09
So, that word, for example, is spelled like
this: bought.00:25:17
I bought a newspaper.00:25:19
Yesterday, I didn't buy, right, we're coming
back to the base form of the verb, and Did00:25:28
you buy?00:25:30
Good.00:25:31
Let's try it with the verb sell.00:25:36
So, this is in the regular base form of the
verb.00:25:40
The past tense of sell is sold, okay?00:25:45
So, he sold his car.00:25:49
He didn't sell his car.00:25:53
Did he sell his car?00:25:56
Okay?00:25:57
So, when you can do that, right, the positive,
the negative, and the question, then you can00:26:04
express whatever you need to express in the
past continuous tense - sorry, the past simple00:26:09
tense, even with irregular verbs.00:26:12
Alright?00:26:13
Now, let's do some practice with the irregular
verbs.00:26:17
Now, I realize that you might not know all
the answers here unless you have heard these00:26:23
verbs before, okay?00:26:25
But don't worry, we'll do it together.00:26:27
If you know them, you can help me to fill
them out, and otherwise just follow along,00:26:32
alright?00:26:34
So, first we're going to take three verbs
in the present simple tense, their base form,00:26:41
and we're going to write them in the past
tense form, and these are all irregular verbs.00:26:47
So, let's take the verb "forget", and if we
want to put it into the past, what will it00:26:55
become?00:26:56
We _______ our tickets.00:26:59
We - do you know this word?00:27:07
Forgot - forgot our tickets.00:27:11
Okay?00:27:12
So, if you don't know it, this is a good time
to learn it.00:27:15
Also, learn what the word is, learn how to
pronounce it, learn how to spell it, spelling00:27:22
the irregular verbs also is something that
you need to learn.00:27:27
There are no 100% rules, but there are patterns
for the spelling and the verbs fall into some00:27:36
groups and you might see some patterns there
for spelling, but otherwise you kind of have00:27:42
to learn them as you go along, alright?00:27:45
So, number two: sleep.00:27:50
Let's change that into the past.00:27:52
She _______ early.00:27:54
The past tense of sleep is: She slept early.00:28:04
Say it after me: slept.00:28:07
Good.00:28:09
Teach.00:28:10
He ________ science.00:28:15
Past tense of teach - taught.00:28:20
Taught.00:28:24
Say it after me: taught.00:28:27
Good.00:28:28
Now, here, we have the past tense form already
of these irregular verbs, but we're going00:28:36
to do is we're going to take this sentence
a negative sentence, alright?00:28:40
So, the verb is spoke.00:28:44
Spoke is the past tense of which verb?00:28:47
Speak, good.00:28:50
So, now how do we make it negative here?00:28:55
They didn't speak Spanish, okay?00:29:05
They spoke Spanish.00:29:07
They didn't speak Spanish.00:29:09
Remember, we're coming back always to the
base form of the verb.00:29:14
Next: this is actually an interesting irregular
verb because it doesn't change.00:29:21
The present tense form is hurt, the past tense
form is also hurt, and that's why it's an00:29:28
irregular verb, because it doesn't change.00:29:31
But it doesn't change in this particular way,
alright?00:29:35
So, hurt, right, becomes - when it's negative
- It didn't hurt.00:29:48
Okay.00:29:50
Good.00:29:52
Past tense of the verb: knew.00:29:55
Knew is the past tense of which verb?00:29:59
Know, okay?00:30:01
Know.00:30:03
So, how do we make this a negative sentence?00:30:07
I didn't know you were here.00:30:15
I knew you were here.00:30:16
I didn't know you were here.00:30:19
It hurt.00:30:20
It didn't hurt.00:30:22
They spoke Spanish.00:30:24
They didn't speak Spanish, okay?00:30:26
You have to feel the rhythm, hear the rhythm,
say it aloud lots of times, and it will help00:30:32
you to remember the rules, alright?00:30:34
Next, we're going to make some questions.00:30:37
Number seven: I met your manager at the meeting.00:30:41
The past tense verb here is what?00:30:43
Met, right?00:30:45
I met your manager at the meeting.00:30:48
The question word we're using is "Where".00:30:51
So, what do we say after that?00:30:54
Where did you meet my manager?00:31:02
Okay?00:31:04
Again, question word, but after that, we still
have to keep the form for questions with "Did00:31:12
you meet".00:31:13
Where did you meet?00:31:15
Number eight: She gave John $50.00:31:19
So, what's the verb?00:31:22
Gave, gave is the past tense of which verb?00:31:28
Give, good.00:31:30
So, how much did she give John?00:31:38
Okay?00:31:40
So, you see the pattern, you've learned it,
you've practiced it, and a little more practice00:31:46
and you'll feel very comfortable making these
kind of changes from a positive sentence to00:31:51
a negative sentence or a question, whatever
you need to say or write.00:31:56
Next, let's look at how to give short answers
with the past simple tense using both the00:32:03
regular verbs and irregular verbs, okay?00:32:07
So, let's take the first one: Did Jack finish
his report?00:32:11
So, if somebody asked you that, as we said
before, we don't usually give, like, a full00:32:16
answer: Yes, Jack finished the report, you
just say something short.00:32:22
So, you say, for example, "Yes, he did.",
if it's a positive answer and you know to00:32:29
say that because the question starts with
"Did".00:32:32
So, we say "Yes, he did.", and that cannot
be shortened.00:32:38
No contraction allowed there, or "No, he didn't.",
alright?00:32:44
And again, we get "didn't" from this "did",
alright?00:32:47
It's coming from there, so the way that the
question is asked is the way you can answer.00:32:53
That will help you.00:32:54
The next question: Did the flight leave on
time?00:32:59
"Yes, it did.", no contraction possible, or
"No, it didn't.", alright?00:33:10
Again, you see that you can use the word from
the question to answer the question, alright?00:33:18
And here's the last one for you and I'm just
going to give you one option here: Did you00:33:24
understand the past simple?00:33:27
So, I hope you're saying "Yes, I did.", right?00:33:33
Here we go.00:33:35
We're not even going to talk about the last
option because I'm positive that you have00:33:40
learned quite a lot, alright?00:33:42
So, this is how we give the short answers
in the past simple tense.00:33:46
Now, we'll look at some common mistakes that
students make when using the past simple tense,00:33:52
and you can help me to correct them.00:33:55
So, sometimes the mistake is that the student
is using the wrong tense.00:34:02
For example - these are all mistakes.00:34:05
We're going to correct them together, but
first let's read what's wrong.00:34:09
"I give him the laptop yesterday."00:34:11
So, this sentence is about the past because
it says "yesterday", but the person used a00:34:18
verb in the present tense: give.00:34:21
So, how do we correct it?00:34:24
We correct it by changing "give" to "gave".00:34:30
I gave him the laptop yesterday.00:34:32
So, you always need to make sure that you're
using the right tense.00:34:38
Next, sometimes the verb form is wrong.00:34:43
For example, "She writed the report."00:34:46
So, let's suppose this is in the past, so
is that a word?00:34:54
It's not correct, okay?00:34:57
So, this is an irregular verb, the verb "write"
is irregular and the past tense of the verb00:35:03
"write" is "wrote".00:35:08
She wrote the report, alright?00:35:10
So, sometimes, that's the mistake.00:35:15
Let's look at a negative sentence: They didn't
called.00:35:20
What mistake does the student make here?00:35:24
Remember the rule?00:35:25
Whenever we have a negative sentence, we come
back to using what?00:35:30
The base form of the verb.00:35:32
But this student forgot, so it should be "They
didn't call.", right?00:35:39
Good.00:35:40
Next: Did you had lunch?00:35:44
Again, what happened?00:35:48
The student forgot that you come back to the
base form of the verb.00:35:53
So, it should be, even if the question, "Did
you have lunch?".00:36:01
Let's say these again: She wrote the report.00:36:05
They didn't call.00:36:09
Did you have lunch?00:36:10
Okay?00:36:11
Good.00:36:12
Sometimes the mistake is in spelling.00:36:16
For example, this person wrote "He stoped
smoking."00:36:22
So here, what did we need to do, do you remember
when we learned about the spelling?00:36:28
This should be "He stopped smoking.", okay?00:36:34
Because we had consonant-vowel-consonant for
"stop" and then we need to double the last00:36:41
letter and add "-ed", alright?00:36:43
Good.00:36:44
And sometimes, the mistake is that the helping
verb "did" is forgotten.00:36:51
For example, these are questions.00:36:55
"You wake up early?"00:36:57
Now, if someone said that, would the other
person understand?00:37:01
Probably they would understand.00:37:03
Is it correct English?00:37:04
No, it's not.00:37:06
So, let's fix it.00:37:08
What do we need to do?00:37:09
We need to add which word?00:37:11
What's the helping verb that we use?00:37:14
Did.00:37:15
Where do we put it?00:37:16
Here.00:37:18
So we would say "Did you", okay?00:37:20
Did you wake up early?00:37:23
Here, "He speak to his boss?".00:37:28
That's wrong, so how do we correct it?00:37:32
Again, the helping verb has been forgotten,
so we say, "Did he speak to his boss?", alright?00:37:41
So, these are some of the common mistakes
that people make using the past simple tense,00:37:47
so be careful of your tense, your verb form,
your spelling, and make sure to use that helping00:37:54
verb.00:37:55
Just to review, you know that you have learned
the past simple tense properly and well when00:38:01
you can do three things, right?00:38:04
Make a positive sentence, a negative sentence,
and a question easily and quickly, and switch00:38:10
back and forth without any uncertainty, okay?00:38:14
When you can do it correctly and quickly and
confidently.00:38:17
Let's look at some examples with the regular
verbs: She called.00:38:24
She didn't call.00:38:25
Did she call?00:38:27
Right?00:38:28
These kinds of sentences should come to you
easily now, alright?00:38:32
The more you practice, they will.00:38:34
Or, with an irregular verb, for example: They
paid.00:38:39
Negative: They didn't pay.00:38:43
And question: Did they pay?00:38:47
Alright?00:38:48
So, these were examples - these were my examples,
these were a few examples, but you have examples00:38:54
all around you, all through your life, all
through your day, so one of the best things00:38:59
you can do and an easy thing you can do to
improve your command of this and your understanding00:39:07
of this past simple tense is to write.00:39:10
Write like a little diary at the end of each
day.00:39:13
Write the things that you did.00:39:14
What did you do during the day?00:39:16
Where did you go?00:39:17
What did you do?00:39:18
And this way, you will discover what you can
say and where you have difficulties.00:39:24
And what you will also know is you'll be reviewing
your vocabulary, your grammar, everything00:39:30
all at once.00:39:31
First, write about yourself.00:39:33
Later, when you can do that, and write about
your regular routine already, write about00:39:38
other things.00:39:39
Write about things other people are doing.00:39:41
Write about what's happening at work.00:39:43
Write about your favorite movie.00:39:45
Write about something that's happening in
the news, okay?00:39:49
But basically, for all of those purposes,
you can use the past simple tense.00:39:54
Alright?00:39:55
Now, remember, this is part of a series of
classes that we have, and the next class you00:40:02
can go to after the past simple tense is the
past continuous tense.00:40:08
So, make sure to move forward into the fullness
of all of these tenses.00:40:14
So, eventually, you can express yourself very
well and effectively in English.00:40:19
And, if you'd like a little more practice
on the past simple tense, then go to www.engvid.com00:40:25
where you can do a quiz.00:40:27
Thanks very much for watching, and I wish
you all the best with your English tenses.00:40:32
Bye for now.Description:
We use the PAST SIMPLE TENSE every day in English! Can you use it correctly? Can you understand it clearly? Can you say “I worked” and “I went” confidently? In this relaxed English grammar class, you can master this very important tense. You’ll learn when to use it, how to use it, and what common mistakes to avoid. I’ll explain everything you need: usage, structure, pronunciation, spelling, questions, contractions, short answers, regular verbs, and irregular verbs. We’ll go step by step and practice together the past simple in a fun way, so you understand fully. Then, to continue your progress, make a plan and watch the complete engVid series on ALL the English verb tenses, from beginner to advanced levels. You can do it! In this class: Past simple overview 0:00 When to use past simple 02:31 How to use past simple: regular verbs 05:13 Past simple regular verbs: spelling 11:32 Past simple regular verbs: pronunciation 14:12 Past simple regular verbs: practice 18:07 How to use past simple: irregular verbs 22:06 Past simple irregular verbs: practice 26:13 Past simple short answers 31:56 Past simple common errors 33:46 Past simple conclusion 37:54 Watch the next lesson: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bTWa5M4UMO8 Take the quiz: https://www.engvid.com/past-simple-tense/
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