Download "How do axial piston pumps work and where are they used?"

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насос

аксиально-поршневой

устройство

конструкция

нерегулируемый

применение

гидропривод

авиация

экскаваторы

станки

техника

принцип работы

промышленность

технологии

00:00:04

while the drive shaft rotates. In axial piston pumps, the

00:00:09

tilt of the block or the tilt of the washer on which they rest allows

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the rotational movement of the input shaft to be converted into the translational movement of the pistons

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, in the first case the device is called a pump with an inclined block, in the second - with an inclined disk.

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Axial piston pumps are capable of developing high pressures: standard

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models - up to 32 ... 40 MegaPascals, and special versions can

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operate at a pressure of 70 MegaPascals. They are compact and energy-intensive, repairable,

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due to which they are successfully used on excavators and in road construction

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equipment. Pumps of this type provide liquid supply with relatively low pulsations,

00:00:53

which allows them to be used in machine tool hydraulic drives. The high ratio of transmitted

00:00:58

power to weight determines the use of these pumps in aircraft hydraulic drives.

00:01:05

Let's try to figure out how the axial pump pumps liquid.

00:01:09

First, let's get acquainted with the design of the pump with an inclined block.

00:01:13

The pump housing has a characteristic curved shape, a shaft is installed in the housing on bearings. Pistons are attached to the shaft

00:01:21

using spherical bearings and placed in an inclined block mounted on the axis.

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The block rests over a distribution disk having a spherical surface,

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crescent-shaped grooves are made in the disk for supplying and discharging liquid, which from the

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distribution disk enters the cover, where suction and pressure openings are made.

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Depending on the design, pistons or plungers can be installed in the pump.

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Regardless of this, manufacturers in the product documentation refer to the pump as axial piston pump.

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The liquid from the tank is supplied to the inlet channel of the pump, from where it is sucked by the pistons. When moving

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in the suction area, the piston moves and increases the volume of the working chamber, due

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to the increase in the volume of the chamber, the pressure in it drops and the liquid

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fills the chamber under the action of atmospheric pressure. Having reached the extreme position, the piston begins to move in the opposite

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direction, reducing the volume of the working chamber, the liquid is displaced into the pressure channel, reaching the

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second extreme position, the piston again begins to increase the volume of the chamber, suction begins,

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the cycle repeats. Several pistons are installed in the pump housing, seven in the example shown.

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While one piston is sucking, the other is pushing the liquid into the pressure line, the

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third is in the extreme position. Such a scheme allows for a continuous supply

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of liquid with relatively low pulsations. Check valves are not needed in the presented pump,

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since the pistons always carry out suction in one zone, and discharge in another.

00:03:07

In swashplate pumps, the cylinder block is mounted coaxially to the drive shaft. The pistons

00:03:13

are supported on an inclined disk by means of special pushers with a spherical surface. The

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cylinder block is mounted on a distributing disk, mated with a rear cover,

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in which channels are made for connection with pressure and suction pipelines.

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When the block rotates, the pistons (or plungers) perform a reciprocating motion,

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at the moment when the pistons move, increasing the volume of the chamber, they are connected to the suction line,

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when the pistons move in the opposite direction, reducing the volume of the working

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chamber, they are connected to the discharge channel. The pump provides liquid supply when

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its shaft rotates, and the hydraulic motor, on the contrary, provides shaft rotation when liquid is supplied to it.

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Axial piston machines are generally reversible, which means that the hydraulic motor can act

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as a pump and the pump can act as a motor if a separate drain line is provided.

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Pumps, the design of which provides for

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the possibility of changing the working chamber, are called adjustable. We talked about adjustable

00:04:21

axial piston pumps earlier, the link to the video will be in the description.

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Design, principle of operation of unregulated axial piston pumps. Where are these pumps used?

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