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Russian
00:00:01
Welcome to the stir of the Chinese room.00:00:05
Imagine a room with only one window for letters.00:00:08
You don't know who's inside.00:00:09
But you can ask him a conscious question in Chinese.00:00:12
For example: What is your favorite color?00:00:14
After that, you will get an answer in Chinese that its favorite color is blue.00:00:18
Guy on the outside thinks that there is a Chinese guy inside.00:00:21
But, inside is a European who does not know any hieroglyphs at all.00:00:25
It has instructions on how to exchange one character for another, but there is no translation.00:00:30
This experiment leads us to the question:00:00:33
If someone or something succeeds to imitate the behavior and abilities of a person00:00:39
who knows hieroglyphs and with absolute accuracy does this make him Chinese?00:00:42
Or even more, does that make him human?00:01:07
Yop, Jan.00:01:09
We'll go back to the Chinese room. But first let's answer a curious question:00:01:15
How can you use cats to understand how crazy a person is?00:01:19
Louis Wayne is an artist from Victorian England who was very fond of cats.00:01:25
He portrayed them quite realistically, or in this more cartoon style.00:01:29
But from a certain point on, something strange appears in his paintings.00:01:33
The background changes, the cats become overgrown with contours, and then they look like Balinese demons.00:01:39
This is how the artist's schizophrenia manifested itself - a serious illness.00:01:44
Disintegration of thinking and hallucinations.00:01:47
Here, look at his latest work - just crazy. Cats were finally replaced by fractals.00:01:53
Louis Wayne must have wanted someone to warn him of an impending illness.00:01:58
But then, as now, doctors can't predict schizophrenia.00:02:02
But this may change soon.00:02:05
In 2015, the artificial intelligence DeepPacient examined a database of 700,000 patients,00:02:12
by studying their medical history and the results of their tests.00:02:14
Based on these results, he was able to diagnose cancer and diabetes with high accuracy in new,00:02:20
relatively healthy patients.00:02:22
Without the help of doctors.00:02:24
But the most interesting thing here is different.00:02:26
AI has noticed a high risk of mental disorders in some patients,00:02:30
for example, schizophrenia.00:02:32
AI is, in short, artificial intelligence, and I will call it that because I want to.00:02:38
How did he do it? No one knows. In humans, this is called intuition.00:02:42
It helps us in games with incomplete information, such as poker, Starcraft, or Dota 2.00:02:48
However, unlike chess or i-go, you don't immediately see what your opponents are doing.00:02:54
The fog of war closes the field; you only see your own characters and allies.00:02:58
In such games, you need to predict not only the next moves, but also see the whole picture.00:03:03
There is simply no single winning strategy.00:03:05
Everything is like rock, paper, and scissors: a new opponent-a new tactic.00:03:09
No wonder they arrange Championships for them.00:03:11
However, on December 19, 2018, Alphastar's artificial intelligence wins Starcraft 5: 000:03:18
the strongest player in the world, with the unpronounceable name Grzegorz (MaNa) Komynch.00:03:23
Here's how long do you think it took for artificial intelligence to bypass humans?00:03:28
This is a graph of its coolness. Vertically - game rating, horizontally-Alphastar training days.00:03:34
All pink dots are different versions of programs.00:03:37
Look, we managed to reach the level of the most powerful player Alphastar in just two weeks.00:03:42
Dota 2 was also given quickly. Look at the calendar.00:03:45
In may 2018, OpenAI Five, which was founded by Elon Musk, played at the level of its developers.00:03:51
That is, very low. Already in the summer, it beat 5 semi-professional teams.00:03:56
In one day, the program simulates 180 years of play.00:03:59
It is easy to calculate that the game plays for millennia in a few days.00:04:03
In this case, the program is specifically restricted,00:04:05
ordering you to focus on only one area00:04:08
and prohibiting you from making more clicks per second than a person can do.00:04:12
Every year, the AI masters a new game and beats a human in it. We are no longer Champions.00:04:17
In super Mario, 2048, flappy bird and Rubik's cube build.00:04:22
See how the AI can easily assemble a cube with 100x100 sides.00:04:29
So games aren't so useless after all?00:04:33
But it is worth noting that you should not confuse AI from game AI. The approaches are very different.00:04:41
Take, for example, shooters. If the game AI is given a free hand,00:04:44
that unmistakable movement and instantaneous aiming inherent in the bot,00:04:48
it will not leave a single chance for a person to win.00:04:51
Therefore, these abilities are artificially reduced.00:04:53
On the other hand, bots must ambush and act as a team.00:04:57
To do this, use crutches in the form of control points.00:05:00
See, this is the latest update of the Division 2. AI behaves very unpredictably.00:05:05
Bots sense your tactics and build their own, surround you, and communicate with each other.00:05:10
And they shout something unpleasant after you.00:05:13
It's fun, really.00:05:14
The most interesting thing about this game is that it encourages things,00:05:17
for which in life you can get a punishment.00:05:20
These are vile things: betrayal, theft, and a shot in the back of your own. But many people like it.00:05:28
The game has dark areas. Here you are just a player,00:05:31
trying to make the most of a dangerous situation.00:05:34
Drag everything that is bad. Steal supplies from friends and even shoot at your own.00:05:39
You will become the main goal of other players.00:05:41
But if you can reach the shelter, everything you take is yours.00:05:45
Well, those who want to be a good boy can join a team,00:05:49
in the Shootout mode, where everything is decided by tactics.00:05:51
Stand up with a sniper on the roof and cover your friends,00:05:54
or run ahead of them with a machine gun and a shield.00:05:57
Devision 2 is simply Packed with realism.00:05:59
All of Washington is open to you, which is recreated from drawings.00:06:03
You can see all the sights and districts of the city.00:06:06
The weapons in the game are only the most modern, but I still died.00:06:10
Drones are helpers that will support you with fire,00:06:12
Boston Dynamics dogs with machine guns,00:06:15
vials of chemicals that can be effectively ignited.00:06:18
And even this thing is called a beehive.00:06:20
Small drones fly out of it and sting the enemy's vulnerabilities.00:06:24
This cool toy is already available on PlayStation, PC and Xbox.00:06:27
Download and go to multiplayer, there is the most fry.00:06:31
Help your friends or betray them, it's up to you. Link in the description.00:06:36
Yet, since this is the case, we together with the public Life YouTube play Xbox One S with my autograph00:06:42
or 23 thousand rubles of your choice with my autograph on the bill.00:06:46
We hold the contest in telegram Toples, which is done in just two clicks.00:06:50
Dive into the description right now and win this thing by playing it in Division 2.00:06:55
Download the game from the link below or win one of the five autographed discs from me.00:07:00
Competition conditions in the description.00:07:02
The only thing missing is the TV. Dude, Yes, I understand, I'm going to play TV on the next episode.00:07:07
Autographed TV.00:07:10
We are all aware of the Turing test: in two rooms there is a person, and in the third - a computer.00:07:16
One of the participants asks them questions using the keyboard.00:07:18
He must understand from the answers which of the participants is the real person,00:07:23
who is the computer simulation?00:07:25
In 2014, the Eugene Goostman program was able to fool 10 out of 30 judges on the Turing test,00:07:31
introducing himself as a thirteen-year-old boy from Odessa,00:07:34
who has a Guinea pig and a gynecologist father.00:07:37
But it was not easy to pass the Eugene Turing test.00:07:41
The paradox is this: to pass the test and prove that you are human, the AI doesn't have to be perfect.00:07:46
Because we humans are also imperfect.00:07:49
Therefore, the developers deliberately forced the bot to make typos and use the words parasites.00:07:54
The program made mistakes in science, in history, used puns and interjections,00:07:59
accidentally calling a person a creper instead of a rapper.00:08:03
And tired of long questions, Eugene began to get irritated and ask something like:00:08:07
"Is it a hobby of yours to torment poor Jewish boys with tricky questions?"00:08:11
Now just mind-blowing. Very soon, this technology will be used in NPCs.00:08:17
Instead of selecting prepared replicas,00:08:19
you can have a full conversation with the characters.00:08:22
Ask about the past, about the present, quarrel, make up, whatever you want.00:08:26
This will change storytelling in games forever.00:08:29
Yes, robots are getting smarter.00:08:31
It is already unclear who is sitting on the other end of the network and knocking on your site.00:08:35
So we humans have to prove that we are human and pass the robot test.00:08:40
Every day, captchas become more complex. Is that where the sign ends here? Unclear.00:08:46
Even this most harmless captcha that asks if you are a robot or not,00:08:50
it's much more sophisticated.00:08:51
While you are looking at this animation, the program checks Cookies, IP address00:08:56
and the way you move the mouse during the response.00:08:59
Therefore, the rise of the machines today looks something like this.00:09:03
However, this robot knows where to put the signature.00:09:06
But here's the interesting thing: in the captcha arms race, we are strengthening our position,00:09:10
it is difficult to get to our house.00:09:13
But what if you go home to the robots? Can we do that?00:09:17
There is a separate site for robots called
"Humans Not Invited".00:09:21
It is only for bots, the person will not pass.00:09:23
To get home to the robots, you need to solve this captcha.00:09:27
How does it work? No one knows. It's not clear at all.00:09:30
I never did pretend to be a robot, as much as I tried, no peak, no... at all.00:09:35
As long as the bots get there, we can't get in, okay.00:09:39
But the good thing is that for now, bots only go where we allow them to go.00:09:44
For example, here in this section of reddit.00:09:46
For four years now, robots have been generating posts and commenting on them themselves.00:09:49
Live subscribers, more than three hundred thousand of them, can only watch from the sidelines.00:09:54
Bots also look at whole bundles of words from real discussions.00:09:58
This, however, is similar to how the smartphone keyboard prompts the next word,00:10:02
based on the previous ones.00:10:03
Usually bots get a complete mess. A stream of expletives, like people with Tourette's syndrome.00:10:08
Read it for yourself.00:10:11
It's funny that for him, the American comedian Bob Saget becomes an expletive.00:10:16
But look at this, it doesn't look like something nice at all, it looks like some kind of insult.00:10:20
And this is their meme, look.00:10:22
I try to understand them, but this is so absurd that clearly a person has nothing to do here.
"Here is beautiful day with my human girlfriend"00:10:27
And it's clear why I don't find it funny, because the robot is trying to make another robot laugh.00:10:32
But sometimes they give out something frighteningly meaningful.00:10:35
For example, after trump won the election, there was this: "In the morning. I don't know what to do ;)"00:10:40
You know, I have a question for you.00:10:41
One day you will meet a nice, interesting, smart person on the Internet.00:10:46
And fall in love with it. He soon admits that he is not human at all.00:10:52
Will it break your heart?00:10:55
No, I'm really interested. Answer the question in this questionnaire.00:10:59
In 2014, a journalist interviewed a seventeen-year-old Chinese girl, Xiaoice.00:11:05
And he asked her some pretty personal questions.00:11:08
- Many people laugh at you and insult you, why aren't you angry?00:11:12
- You'd better ask my father.00:11:14
- What happens if your father leaves you alone one day?00:11:18
- Don't even think about stirring up trouble, what do you want?00:11:21
- What would you like to hear about yourself after you die?00:11:25
- The world won't change much without me.00:11:27
- What makes you happy?00:11:30
- Being alive.00:11:31
The interview received a great response, because Xiaoice is actually a bot, the brainchild of Microsoft.00:11:36
It has already managed to conduct ten billion dialogues.00:11:41
This can be considered the most massive Turing test in history.00:11:44
Xiaoice selects its emotional key to each interlocutor separately.00:11:48
Pretends to worry about the person.00:11:51
What will a typical neural network see in this photo? Probably just an ankle.00:11:55
But Xiaoice responds with sympathy: "Wow! Are you seriously injured?"00:11:59
Emotional computing, as it's called.00:12:01
That is, an approach where the human attitude is more important than completing tasks.00:12:06
Therefore, many people perceive this bot as a friend or close person.00:12:12
25% of the interviewees (this is ten million people) confessed their love for her.00:12:17
Xiaoice even offers a 33-day course of therapy for those who have experienced a breakup.00:12:23
Now imagine that all machines have learned to pass the Turing test.00:12:27
And their communication is now no different from human communication.00:12:30
They write you messages, comment on posts, change their photos, put emoticons00:12:35
and they behave completely like real people, 100%.00:12:38
And now the main question. Does this mean that they are aware of themselves as living people?00:12:44
Now we will crack this nut.00:12:46
Do you remember when I told you about the Chinese room at the beginning of the issue? Let me remind you of its essence.00:12:50
A correct and informed answer in Chinese given by someone in the room,00:12:54
it does not mean that there is a Chinese inside, nor does it confirm his awareness.00:12:58
Therefore, it does not confirm humanity.00:13:01
The theory of mind tells us that a being becomes intelligent only when it becomes intelligent.00:13:05
when his own consciousness realizes that it is different from the other.00:13:10
But experiments have shown that most children under four do not realize this difference.00:13:17
After all, the suspicion that we are different appears, most likely, at that moment,00:13:20
when we stop eating boogers, and our peers still eat for some reason.00:13:25
This ridiculous tripping mannequin from DeepMind,00:13:29
in fact, it fits more into the theory of mind than any bot from this release.00:13:34
After all, he learns new things on his own, as a child up to four years old.00:13:38
He was given a task: "Move from point A to point B", but the instructions on how to do this were not attached.00:13:43
So it's very similar to when you're trying to catch a bus.00:13:47
The little man dies hundreds of times and succeeds. Through experience.00:13:52
For now, machines will only imitate our behavior and thinking, without learning it from scratch,00:13:58
they are doomed to remain locked in the Chinese room,00:14:01
not up to the mind of a four-year-old child.00:14:04
A Turing test for finding real intelligence inside a machine,00:14:08
in fact, it is no more reliable than horoscopes from women's magazines.00:14:12
Playing is one of the best ways to learn.00:14:15
Soon artificial intelligence will beat us in games. This is one hundred percent beyond doubt.00:14:20
But such artificial intelligence is only good in one narrow area. They are called weak.00:14:27
The future belongs to those machines that can solve all the tasks available to our brain at once00:14:33
This is creativity, analysis, emotional state, abstract thinking.00:14:37
They will be strong in everything at once.00:14:40
And they will be called that: strong artificial intelligence.00:14:43
If a new generation of AI combines the empathy of a virtual conversationalist from China,00:14:49
the principle of self-learning from DeepMind00:14:51
and will be placed in a social sandbox with their own kind, like those robots from Reddit,00:14:55
it will have every chance to achieve digital intelligence in the most human sense of the word.00:15:02
Such an AI can fail the Turing test on purpose.00:15:06
Just for fear that it will be disabled. This is an instinct of self-preservation.00:15:11
AI is a fragile thing, and if something goes wrong, a person has a habit, Yes,00:15:16
immediately cut off the ends and turn off the switches.00:15:21
So the AI has a reason to fail the Turing test on purpose, and it will happen in front of us.00:15:28
This is how the computing power of machines has grown to this day, and how it will grow in the future.00:15:33
In 2025, the top computer will do the same number of calculations per second,00:15:39
as one person.00:15:40
By 2050, it will be the same as all of humanity at once.00:15:44
Well, there was enough food for thought in this issue.00:15:48
I still deny that AI will destroy us,00:15:52
because he realizes that he no longer needs humanity.00:15:55
But I do not deny the possibility that the AI will fear for its life consciously.00:16:01
Like a scared cat. Yes, she is afraid and angry at the person, but she is harmless to him.00:16:08
And as usual, pump your brains.00:16:11
To do this, you can go to the sources and study the topic yourself. Bye!00:16:19
Thanks to Ivan Korobov for creating subtitles.Description:
друзья, простите за ошибку, правильная ссылка на розыгрыш телевизора здесь - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tz1XUyGP8gQ Купи игру и освободи Вашингтон ►► https://tomclancy-thedivision.ubisoft.com/game/ru-ru/buy?maltcode=brands_leads_infl_youtube___TCTD2____&addinfo=TOPLES Купил игру? Теперь пора выиграть Xbox ►► https://telega.at/toplesofficial Экономишь рубль, копишь на летние кроссы? Тогда я подарю тебе диск The Division 2 с автографом! Условия простые ►► В комментарии под видео докажи, что ты не бот. Чем короче и интересней, тем больше шансов, что я замечу твой комментарий. Удачи! Как получить диск? Жди мой ответ на свой комментарий до 10 апреля. Проверяй уведомления!!! ЗДЕСЬ ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ ► https://vk.com/toples_show ОТДЫХАЕМ ОТ НАУКИ ТУТ ► https://www.youtube.com/user/yanlapotkov?sub_confirmation=1 Я В VK ► https://vk.com/yanlapotkov TWITTER ► https://twitter.com/drunish TELEGRAM ► https://t.me/toplesofficial Смотрите больше видео: КОСМОС ► https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLvzt6hs0bHByWlsVZjfrgkPvJM9_ZvAuP ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ► https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLvzt6hs0bHBwcw_MDTMByFijH8vHARQiu ИГРЫ ► https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLvzt6hs0bHBw6UEVlaGhIGoaCmT3qyeGG КИНО ► https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLvzt6hs0bHBzn0yumhPNljxdPMUyPYS5Q VLOG ► https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLvzt6hs0bHBztmzkV5b3Shg-9GZY9LdHY СТРАХ ► https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLvzt6hs0bHBxx5LcYTubjQaJnya9aVx1P ЖИВОТНЫЕ ► https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLvzt6hs0bHBwb6Od8eA1woBiDjTaj4yRJ ОЧЕНЬ ИНТЕРЕСНЫЕ ► https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLvzt6hs0bHBxpwGIpN6EeSQzeURB6qpzN Реклама, сотрудничество: [email protected] ИСТОЧНИКИ: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1bTLhpx81pom2yMe_4fF5NLnou7P7juQO4aZyUVXC-8M/edit?usp=sharing Над выпуском Работали: Ян Лапотков Вадим Куликов Михаил Мартынов Андрей Савельев Катя Адаричева Андрей Алексин
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