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00:00:01
[music]
00:00:05
from
00:00:07
1993 to 2009 in Europe there was a
00:00:12
very strange series of incidents an
00:00:14
elderly woman was strangled with a rope
00:00:17
taken from a bouquet of flowers a gang of robbers
00:00:19
attacked Vietnamese
00:00:22
jewelry dealers two dozen burglaries
00:00:25
several
00:00:28
vehicles were stolen someone put a cartridge in a pistol
00:00:31
from which a gypsy later kills
00:00:33
his own brother dead babysitter
00:00:35
overdosed found in the pool and a
00:00:38
syringe with a prohibited substance planted on the
00:00:41
playground where he was stepped on by a
00:00:43
seven-year-old child and finally a
00:00:46
police officer shot in cold blood in a
00:00:49
patrol car a total of 40 episodes and the
00:00:52
same person was involved in each one
00:00:55
the police were chasing him in
00:00:57
Germany in Austria and in France
00:01:00
and everywhere he left death destruction
00:01:04
The most elusive criminal of Europe
00:01:06
who did not leave any traces of
00:01:09
his presence
00:01:11
except one DNA as if it was a
00:01:15
signature signature by which we learned
00:01:18
one piquant detail this Criminal
00:01:21
genius was a woman she was called the phantom
00:01:25
from highbron and women and without a face, this is
00:01:28
an identikit of the only woman who was
00:01:31
noticed at the scene of the incident, who is she
00:01:34
and why did she commit absolutely unrelated
00:01:36
crimes without any
00:01:39
common motive?
00:01:41
I won’t tell you. By the way, let’s hang it up
00:01:45
as a little intrigue, watch this
00:01:47
episode to the end and you’re all you will find out, remember
00:01:49
our issue about how criminals give
00:01:52
themselves away, but there we only skimmed the cream,
00:01:54
went through the top, it’s time to
00:01:57
tell in great detail how
00:01:58
exactly criminologists break rose-colored dreams
00:02:01
of an ideal Crime and solve the
00:02:03
deadliest, cold and impossible
00:02:07
cases, for this they have to
00:02:09
turn back time and
00:02:11
restore chronology of events from
00:02:14
complete chaos called
00:02:16
Crime Scene So topless crime
00:02:20
is part 2 Now you will find out How
00:02:24
the twins are completely legally deceiving
00:02:26
the investigation How exactly the blue lamp will show
00:02:29
all your dirty secrets what powder
00:02:31
and glue criminologists like how much of
00:02:34
your dandruff they will need to get a
00:02:36
DNA sample what they can see
00:02:39
deer at the crime scene What is hidden in a
00:02:41
forensic scientist's suitcase What evidence
00:02:44
can you inhale How
00:02:46
DNA analysis actually works How do experts guess
00:02:49
on blood stains Why do you need to vacuum up
00:02:51
stones and who was the mysterious woman
00:02:54
without a face
00:02:56
[music]
00:03:16
is it talent
00:03:19
or deviation is a rather provocative
00:03:22
question often people don’t find no other
00:03:24
use for their abilities other than to
00:03:26
direct them into criminal channels simply
00:03:28
because it is easier and
00:03:31
profits in the 90s Kevin Paulson hacked
00:03:35
telephone lines in Los Angeles in order to
00:03:37
become exactly the second person to call on the
00:03:40
radio and thus won a Porsche for 50
00:03:43
thousand dollars and this is only a small part of
00:03:45
his exploits, according to the FBI. Hacker, through a
00:03:47
vulnerability in the telephone network, listened to the
00:03:49
intimate conversations of stars, played military
00:03:52
secrets. Kevin was sentenced to 5 years, but after
00:03:54
serving his sentence, he reformatted himself and became an
00:03:57
editor. White wrote software for
00:03:59
secure communication between journalists and
00:04:01
informants and even calculated more than 700
00:04:03
criminals
00:04:09
[music]
00:04:31
too much wood loader policeman
00:04:34
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not ready to immediately burn bridges, then
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in the New Year, yes the link will be in
00:05:48
description And we will continue to investigate
00:05:53
her, I once walks into a bar, a forensic
00:05:58
toxicologist and fingerprint specialist, and the bartender
00:06:02
says you are alone today Yes, it sounds like a
00:06:06
stupid joke, to be honest, it is
00:06:09
exactly what the cinema depicts for us,
00:06:11
criminologists are often a jack of
00:06:14
all trades in films and always work alone,
00:06:17
for example, in the series CSI The expert
00:06:20
understands spiders and sings in the morgue and even
00:06:23
licks stones And this is the genius of the series
00:06:26
Next, look at what conclusions they draw in 5 minutes from a
00:06:28
radiological examination
00:06:30
and Judging by the intensity of radiation in the
00:06:33
remains, there may be a closed
00:06:36
radionuclide granule source for local
00:06:38
irradiation tumors
00:06:40
Elementary, in fact, criminologists
00:06:43
most often understand a
00:06:44
specific area and there is
00:06:47
no need to confuse him with a forensic expert; a forensic expert examines
00:06:49
the body of the victim and a criminologist Evidence and
00:06:52
Crime Scene What exactly is he doing there?
00:06:54
Before we find out the answer to the
00:06:57
halbron phantom Let's look at the work of
00:06:59
criminologists in a simpler way case
00:07:01
that could have happened It doesn’t matter where Moscow
00:07:04
Saransk Almaty London doesn’t matter at all
00:07:07
Imagine that now with a snap of his
00:07:10
fingers a brutal crime will happen
00:07:14
Yes, so our criminologist will have to
00:07:17
go to the crime scene right now,
00:07:19
abandoning all his business And
00:07:22
desserts And that he will see a two-story
00:07:25
cottage there in an hour drive from a large City
00:07:27
Here, on Monday night, the
00:07:29
dead owner of this house was found, a 42-
00:07:32
year-old woman, let's call her m body M, discovered by a neighbor,
00:07:36
he was alerted by the open
00:07:39
door at two o'clock in the morning, the murdered husband
00:07:41
was not at home on the weekend, he usually
00:07:43
hunts with friends, the neighbor called the police
00:07:46
and then the criminologist quickly received this information from the
00:07:48
investigator of
00:07:50
another important character who,
00:07:52
unlike the criminologist, has the authority
00:07:55
to interview witnesses; from him you can also
00:07:58
find out what they managed to move at the
00:08:00
crime scene or take away from there; then
00:08:02
the criminologist can, if necessary,
00:08:04
put on a protective suit so as not to
00:08:07
get into blood himself. inherit And
00:08:10
also chat so that there is little saliva on The evidence
00:08:15
here has already been inherited by too many
00:08:17
people the bedroom and bathroom are on the
00:08:19
second floor through the wall the bedroom is
00:08:22
a mess And traces of a struggle the door to the bathroom is
00:08:24
pierced by something heavy and also there are
00:08:26
three bullet holes in it the body of the
00:08:29
hostess lies on the floor face down through
00:08:31
it to fly out One bullet out of three passed
00:08:34
around fragments of the mirror But the
00:08:37
murder weapon and haze were not found nearby But
00:08:39
who did it and why Scene of
00:08:41
the crime This is the very first witness of what
00:08:43
happened but he will have to
00:08:46
be talked into for this the criminologist
00:08:49
has a special suitcase what's inside it?
00:08:51
It's easier to say what's not there. The
00:08:53
unified forensic
00:08:55
suitcase includes a hacksaw, pliers, screwdrivers, a
00:08:57
compass, a scalpel, a dental
00:09:00
excavator, plasticine, telescopic
00:09:03
powders of different colors, a glass cutter, a spatula, a
00:09:06
total of about 90 tools and chemicals,
00:09:09
you can buy one for yourself, by the way, for
00:09:11
131 thousand if, for example, you have a home.
00:09:13
Yes well, or repairs and Yes, a criminologist does
00:09:16
not have to be able to carry out tests himself;
00:09:19
for this there are weak laboratory assistants, but he is
00:09:21
obliged to collect material for them. So,
00:09:25
what does it mean it’s time to collect Evidence?
00:09:27
Yes
00:09:28
No, first you need to photograph everything
00:09:31
first, the house from the outside to capture the
00:09:34
possible ways of entry and exit of the
00:09:36
criminal panorama on the
00:09:38
crime scene and overview plans of the remaining
00:09:40
rooms, then a photo of the middle plan where
00:09:43
you can see the position of the evidence among the interior and the
00:09:45
distance between them, the body is also photographed
00:09:47
in a special way so as not to distort the proportions, and
00:09:50
finally all the close-up evidence must be
00:09:52
next to the scale ruler and without it,
00:09:55
each photo is given a number and description
00:09:56
which are recorded in a journal and this is
00:09:59
important when investigating the assassination of John F.
00:10:01
Kennedy. The FBI did not draw up a description of
00:10:03
the photographs and then they could not figure out where the
00:10:05
entrance holes from the bullets are in the photo. And where are the
00:10:07
exit holes. But even hundreds of photographs are not enough
00:10:10
to get a complete picture, you will have to
00:10:14
draw a large-scale plan, it will give an
00:10:17
ideal view of the entire Crime Scene looks
00:10:19
like criminologists with a camera
00:10:21
hung the room from a chandelier here and
00:10:24
all the important objects are depicted on the same
00:10:25
scale. And we made a
00:10:28
plan of our Crime Scene in 3D especially for you, don’t
00:10:31
thank me. And now that we
00:10:33
have captured the Crime Scene in almost its
00:10:35
original form, but you can collect it
00:10:37
Evidence, but how not to miss a single
00:10:40
centimeter of a square centimeter of
00:10:42
area? If you have a large territory and
00:10:45
have an assistant, you can comb it with a
00:10:47
net; if a criminologist is alone in the field, it’s
00:10:49
more effective to walk like a snake. Well,
00:10:52
it’s convenient to divide the crime scene in a building into
00:10:54
squares; each criminologist looks for evidence in
00:10:57
his own and then changes squares to
00:10:59
check colleagues But it’s
00:11:01
convenient to inspect the room in a spiral,
00:11:03
this is exactly our case, every
00:11:06
snail or sticker found, but on large
00:11:10
pieces of evidence there are other clues that were
00:11:12
left by the body of the criminal
00:11:14
that you can’t hang a sticker on,
00:11:17
biological traces and just 100 years
00:11:20
ago, by the way, there were none at all were taken into account
00:11:22
until Dr. Edman-Lokar, who
00:11:24
was called the French Sherlock Holmes,
00:11:26
formulated the main principle
00:11:28
of criminology, every contact leaves
00:11:30
a trace no matter what you interact with.
00:11:33
Wherever you are, you will always
00:11:35
leave something behind and
00:11:37
take something with you in old times. in the comics there was
00:11:40
such a character Peak Pen or in Russian a
00:11:42
pigsty there was always a
00:11:44
cloud of dirt and dust swirling around him in life. Each of
00:11:47
us at the microscopic level is the same
00:11:49
pigsty from which
00:11:51
50 million pieces of skin fall off per day
00:11:54
and for DNA analysis 8 to 16
00:11:57
cells are enough. even smaller than particles And
00:12:00
don’t forget about hair, droplets of
00:12:02
saliva from the mouth and sweat-fat traces from the
00:12:05
palms, but the greatest risk is for
00:12:07
criminals Who suffer from dandruff
00:12:10
Once Head & Shoulders played with this in
00:12:12
their advertising
00:12:14
and now I want to offer a newspaper
00:12:15
clipping about a real court case
00:12:17
Robber Andrew Pearson left
00:12:19
behind a mask with 25 flakes of dandruff and from
00:12:23
them they identified him, think about it 11
00:12:25
years later, experiments have shown that the required amount of
00:12:28
DNA is only 30 nanograms, a second
00:12:32
can be obtained from one milligram of
00:12:34
dandruff, but most of the skin particles are
00:12:37
not even visible and to collect them,
00:12:39
criminologists use moistened in
00:12:41
sterile water with a cotton swab in
00:12:43
places where the criminal could have been,
00:12:45
after removing the sample, he is allowed to dry,
00:12:48
then the sticks are placed as quickly as possible
00:12:51
in a cold environment in a paper bag, but
00:12:54
in no case in a plastic bag, because
00:12:56
mold can form there. And if
00:12:58
there are fingerprints at the
00:12:59
crime scene then the cells can be collected from
00:13:02
them with fingerprints, it does the same as
00:13:04
we remember, fingerprinting, it comes in two
00:13:07
levels;
00:13:10
fingerprints can be seen with the naked
00:13:13
eye if a person has previously
00:13:15
gotten his finger somewhere, for example, in blood, paint
00:13:18
or dirt, or left an imprint on a
00:13:21
soft material like soap or chewing gum
00:13:23
such Evidence The easiest way to collect is to simply
00:13:26
take a photograph next to a scale
00:13:28
ruler and everything else is a Hard level
00:13:31
latent prints are when there was nothing on the finger
00:13:34
except sweat and fat, usually
00:13:36
with the naked eye An expert
00:13:38
cannot notice such prints unless he is a
00:13:40
deer Yes, deers can see in the
00:13:45
ultraviolet range with with its help,
00:13:46
they look out for their favorite yummy
00:13:48
lichens. And they also notice urine stains and the
00:13:51
fur of predators; people see this part
00:13:53
of the Spectrum only if they lose the Lens in
00:13:55
one of their eyes, like the artist Claude Monet.
00:13:58
Ultraviolet, he began to see the blue
00:14:00
glow that comes from the white
00:14:02
lilies in his famous painting Yes. maybe
00:14:05
someone would benefit from such vision
00:14:07
Cool, yes I personally have this kind of
00:14:13
people Yes, and I wouldn’t want to see my own people
00:14:16
all the time either, but sometimes Why not For
00:14:20
this I need this kind of lamp, everyone
00:14:23
used to call it ultraviolet But in
00:14:25
fact, dim light is not
00:14:27
Ultraviolet and the tip of the visible spectrum,
00:14:30
her lamp also highlights, here it is purple,
00:14:34
closer to black, which let me remind you that we
00:14:36
cannot see ultraviolet, this
00:14:39
lamp is made specifically for checking
00:14:40
money, for example, on this 50
00:14:43
dollar bill you can see watermarks, which means
00:14:45
it is real, but this lamp cannot
00:14:48
reveal I told you a lot of other dirtier
00:14:51
secrets once upon a time and I told you
00:14:53
that on banknotes there’s a
00:14:55
whole zoo of microbes like the
00:14:57
hepatitis virus, the DNA of an endangered white rhinoceros
00:14:59
and even particles of feces, so I
00:15:02
refused, you know what’s the worst thing when
00:15:06
I gave the cash is the man who
00:15:09
makes the coffee
00:15:13
closed my glass with the same palm and with
00:15:15
my fingers I’m really glad that now
00:15:18
I have a card I decide who to touch
00:15:20
my Tinkoff Black I told you about the
00:15:22
monthly income on the balance and cashback up to
00:15:25
30 percent Okay but now I’m ready to
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really surprise you until December 20,
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invite in Tinkoff friends and relatives
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they will receive free
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card service forever and you are guaranteed a
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thousand rubles from each invitee
00:15:40
you invited five family members received
00:15:42
5,000 rubles you invited 10 more friends you received
00:15:45
another plus 10,000 for them but that’s not all
00:15:47
now it will be everything everyone
00:15:50
you invite increases the chances of winning money a
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00:15:57
So it’s a
00:16:00
no-lose promotion. You stay anyway, and the
00:16:04
person you invite
00:16:07
can also invite and receive from everyone. And
00:16:11
also compete for the millionth, then
00:16:13
divide it. All that’s left is to get a
00:16:16
good creative move Tinkoff And for
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this is another reason for you to write to your family and
00:16:22
friends Use Tinkoff Black and
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fight Tell everyone to advise
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this QR code to make it more convenient for you A We are
00:16:29
back and we have a question why
00:16:31
teeth glow under ultraviolet light When you are, for
00:16:34
example, in a club It’s all about phosphorus,
00:16:36
which is contained in phosphorus in teeth
00:16:38
absorbs ultraviolet light and converts its
00:16:40
energy visible radiation some
00:16:42
proteins in biological fluids
00:16:44
behave the same way therefore it glows with a
00:16:46
bright blue glow under
00:16:48
ultraviolet light so you can find fingerprints of
00:16:50
palms traces of bare feet slobbered
00:16:53
urine under and sperm so I advise you to take
00:16:56
this lamp to the hotel to mumble
00:16:58
here I can’t,
00:17:01
but blood, on the contrary, absorbs
00:17:04
Ultraviolet. So it will look
00:17:05
like a Dark spot,
00:17:11
especially when there is complete darkness around,
00:17:14
so we will collect prints
00:17:15
differently. We need them. The
00:17:18
easiest way to get involved with smooth surfaces is to
00:17:20
apply
00:17:22
fingerprint powder with a brush, which will
00:17:24
ping then fatty traces black powder
00:17:27
on a light surface white on dark And
00:17:29
fluorescent on multi-colored
00:17:31
stick tape on the print and then
00:17:34
transfer the print to a transparent
00:17:36
card and that at our
00:17:38
crime scene the forensic scientists were interested in the
00:17:40
fingers on the door handle It has a
00:17:42
curved surface So
00:17:44
you can’t remove it with ordinary tape sprinkle the powder
00:17:46
then we apply a mixture of silicone
00:17:48
with a hardener for 20 minutes and now
00:17:50
you can take an impression from the handle, the
00:17:53
fingerprint will remain inside, but there is also a
00:17:55
level when the fingers on the Evidence barely
00:17:59
survived and the powder with a brush can
00:18:01
damage or damage the Evidence itself on
00:18:04
which it is located, what then do the
00:18:07
forensic scientists take
00:18:09
the package and superglue and make a small
00:18:13
bathhouse where they evaporate the glue directly onto the evidence and
00:18:17
its molecules literally stick to the fatty
00:18:19
patterns, revealing them and gluing them together, it
00:18:21
was even possible to remove the criminal’s prints from the
00:18:23
victim’s body. And this is very difficult
00:18:25
because other people’s fingers on the skin do
00:18:28
not last long, the living skin peels off and
00:18:30
evaporates. warm and on
00:18:32
the dead they disappear during decomposition
00:18:34
Okay, but what if the criminal decided to
00:18:37
clean up the crime scene, didn’t
00:18:39
just walk with a damp cloth, I just walked
00:18:41
with a detergent, everything is as it should be and
00:18:43
now the blood is not visible even under the lamp. A
00:18:45
solution of luminol mixed with
00:18:48
hydrogen peroxide in contact with the blood will help here
00:18:50
it oxidizes the iron in it and glows brightly
00:18:53
in the dark. So even a wiped blood
00:18:56
stain will become visible, as was the case with a
00:18:58
sex worker
00:18:59
who was brutally murdered in 1988. The
00:19:03
suspects were found and convicted, but later
00:19:06
criminologists examined the apartment again
00:19:08
using numenol and found the blood of the
00:19:10
real criminal of her client. and this
00:19:14
was attention 11 years later. But the
00:19:17
apartment has been cleaned hundreds of times already, but
00:19:19
now it’s a very amazing story, just
00:19:20
think about it. Luminol will help you find traces of
00:19:23
blood even on the street after the rains. Scientists
00:19:26
conducted an experiment with it and found out that
00:19:28
blood can be found in the soil
00:19:31
six years after if it gets there,
00:19:34
and in a liter of water, luminol will help you find
00:19:36
even one microliter of dissolved blood. It’s
00:19:40
just that okay, but how will luminol come in handy
00:19:44
at our crime scene? After turning
00:19:47
the body over, the criminologist found
00:19:49
shallow cuts on the victim’s hands, but there are
00:19:52
no bloody knives in the list of evidence,
00:19:55
then what was used to cut them with? Maybe
00:19:59
we should look washed away traces of blood
00:20:02
on the knives But in our case, all the knives in the
00:20:05
house were clean, but in the drum of the
00:20:07
washing machine the criminologist found
00:20:09
traces of recent washing and, just in case,
00:20:11
treated the drum with luminol and there
00:20:15
was blood or something contaminated. It was
00:20:17
also
00:20:19
at the bottom of the empty trash bin. baskets but what
00:20:22
to do if there is
00:20:26
no biological evidence at all Yes,
00:20:29
I intend to complicate everything Can we
00:20:32
look even further 17-year-old Crystal
00:20:35
Beslanovich was murdered in Utah in 1995
00:20:38
and the criminal could not be found, he
00:20:40
seemed to have left no DNA at all but in 2013
00:20:43
criminologists were able to extract DNA from the
00:20:46
stone that was the murder weapon, for
00:20:49
this they took a special micro-vacuum cleaner
00:20:51
and literally sucked the DNA of the criminal out of the
00:20:54
smallest holes on the stone; the vacuum cleaner is in the
00:20:57
service of forensic science and it will
00:21:00
help us collect Evidence that does not always
00:21:02
show Ultraviolet, these Evidence
00:21:04
carries the group characteristics of the criminal and
00:21:08
they do not always contain DNA, but hint at the
00:21:11
criminal
00:21:13
using a vacuum cleaner, tweezers, you can collect
00:21:16
particles of the Earth from the criminal’s shoes, the lint
00:21:19
remaining from his carpet, the fur of his
00:21:22
pet, which without
00:21:24
DNA analysis, by the way, you can even
00:21:27
extract pollen and spores from the victim’s wear under a
00:21:29
microscope, they look like -different for
00:21:31
each type of plant But their combination
00:21:33
will tell the area where the victim took her
00:21:36
last breath, so they found the killer
00:21:39
14-year-old Lian tyrant, the pollen from her body did not
00:21:42
coincide with the plants from the forest where
00:21:44
her body was found, but it coincided with the pollen from the garden of
00:21:46
John Taylor, her neighbor he turned out to be
00:21:49
a murderer and, moreover, a serial one, of course, a
00:21:52
breed of dog or Carpets are not unique to
00:21:55
each person, such a carpet can be
00:21:58
found in every second third
00:22:00
grandmother, they definitely still hang, but
00:22:03
such finds of fibers or
00:22:06
microparticles can narrow the circle of
00:22:08
suspects by proving the involvement of
00:22:11
the criminal in some particular group,
00:22:13
let's say a dog owner or a lover of
00:22:17
black synthetic clothing,
00:22:20
but what did the discovery show? In our case,
00:22:23
many particles of the Earth were scattered throughout the bedroom and bathroom,
00:22:25
apparently from a
00:22:27
broken flower pot,
00:22:30
white fibers stuck to the fingertips,
00:22:32
other fibers were found on the sharp edges of a
00:22:35
broken door, and a mirror was attached to the fragment there was a
00:22:38
piece of blue polyethylene stuck on the bathroom floor,
00:22:40
we remembered this when
00:22:43
microevidence was collected, you can also pay
00:22:45
attention to the elephant in the room, that is,
00:22:48
blood stains, it is not only the DNA
00:22:52
in the blood stains that matters, but the very shape of these stains,
00:22:55
the size and location, because blood
00:22:58
can leave your body in a variety of ways
00:23:00
ways to flow out, drip, splash, splash
00:23:04
out, gush in a stream or
00:23:06
simply ooze from a wound all this
00:23:09
Bloody mess is studying a branch of
00:23:11
forensic medicine
00:23:13
called blood spatter analysis, remember
00:23:16
Dexter Morgan from the TV series Dexter, this is
00:23:19
exactly what he used at crime scenes
00:23:21
to reconstruct the trajectories of splashes with the
00:23:24
help of red threads, the expert needs
00:23:26
know the basics of mathematics and physics so that from the
00:23:29
pattern of blood stains and splashes you can
00:23:31
understand what kind of weapon it was What kind of force of
00:23:34
the blow was and what kind of place of application Well, this
00:23:38
blow, the drops of blood themselves are round.
00:23:40
Therefore, if the blood just drips down,
00:23:42
the stain will also be round And at the edges from
00:23:45
small droplets will scatter evenly,
00:23:47
but when the splashes fly to the sides
00:23:49
and hit something at an angle, they
00:23:52
take the shape of an ellipse and the smaller the
00:23:54
angle of impact, the surface is either more
00:23:57
elongated, here it is at 90 degrees, this is at
00:24:00
sixty And this is a ghost Well, what if
00:24:02
the angle a very small
00:24:05
tail and a smaller droplet will stretch behind the main drop. So,
00:24:08
based on the shape of the splashes, using
00:24:10
school trigonometry formulas, criminologists
00:24:12
will be able to clean out where exactly this blood
00:24:15
came from, but the size of these same splashes
00:24:17
can tell about the speed of
00:24:20
the blood, which means they have overcome the blow; the
00:24:22
stronger the blows, the easier it is for the blood to scatter on
00:24:24
drops and the less splashes at our
00:24:27
crime scene in the bedroom they were killed there are
00:24:30
several large drops on the wall of the furniture
00:24:32
and the floor such remain if the criminal did not
00:24:35
make a lot of effort it was a light weapon
00:24:37
Which means they are from the knife then the path of
00:24:39
drops leads to the bathroom and there is a real
00:24:42
blood bath with In the case of a through wound, blood
00:24:45
flies out of the exit hole in the form of a
00:24:47
cloud of tiny droplets. But from the
00:24:50
entrance hole it also flies out in
00:24:51
larger droplets towards the Arrow,
00:24:54
look at what it looks like for a person from
00:24:58
ballistic gel
00:24:59
except for freely falling cables, splashes
00:25:02
from an impact, for experts, the third type of stains is important -
00:25:05
stains from movement of the body and in
00:25:09
our case, the body was also moved, it
00:25:12
was turned over on its side for some reason and then
00:25:14
returned to its previous position, face Down. And the
00:25:17
criminologists also notice a clean area
00:25:19
on the sink where, in theory, the
00:25:21
blood splashes should have gotten in, but something turned out to be
00:25:24
in their way along the size fits the
00:25:26
victim's iPhone, but now for some reason it
00:25:29
lies in a different place The evidence
00:25:31
collected from the floor is packed,
00:25:33
don't you think we forgot anything Yes, there is still evidence in
00:25:36
the wall and now there is no fear of trampling on
00:25:39
something important, we can carry out
00:25:40
a sighting of what it is This is similar to
00:25:43
the analysis of blood spatters, only now we
00:25:45
track the trajectory of bullets in the wall, there are
00:25:47
three bullet holes left, we insert
00:25:49
into each of them a device called a
00:25:51
laser range finder, essentially a laser
00:25:53
pointer, and if you combine the laser beam with the
00:25:56
holes in the door, you can determine with great
00:25:58
accuracy the area of ​​the
00:26:00
shots, finally On at this stage you can
00:26:02
leave the crime scene But in
00:26:04
fact, the reconstruction of the events has just
00:26:06
begun The evidence went to the laboratory
00:26:09
at the same time the investigator
00:26:11
continues to collect information on the murdered person
00:26:13
by interviewing witnesses, family and friends, it
00:26:16
turns out that the victim’s husband drank a lot And
00:26:21
often the neighbors heard quarrels between the
00:26:23
spouses And also on the night of the murder the victim
00:26:26
called her sister and complained
00:26:28
that her husband got drunk again and was rowdy. Later, her
00:26:32
sister also received a message from her
00:26:34
that she only read in the morning like this. But
00:26:39
where is her husband, he disappeared and does not answer
00:26:43
calls suspiciously Yes, but it’s too early to draw conclusions.
00:26:46
Let’s see if it was
00:26:50
there crimes of someone else, cells
00:26:52
that are collected with a cotton swab at a
00:26:54
crime scene are always not enough to
00:26:56
extract DNA from them in the required quantity,
00:26:58
so they need to be cloned, yes. To do
00:27:02
this, they use the PCR method, a
00:27:05
familiar word after the pandemic, the main
00:27:08
workhorse of PCR is the enzyme
00:27:10
polymerase, a real cloning machine
00:27:12
if you put it in a
00:27:14
DNA sample and give enough building
00:27:16
material, polymerase will make you
00:27:18
as many copies of DNA as you want. And that
00:27:21
criminologists actually take two
00:27:23
DNA samples and use them to compare the
00:27:26
differences in eye color or
00:27:28
there is no difference in height, or they read the gnome like falling
00:27:32
numbers in a matrix, for sure you
00:27:35
You’ve heard about DNA analysis a million times, but you have no idea
00:27:37
how it all works,
00:27:40
look at two DNA samples from a crime scene
00:27:43
and from a suspect, compare areas
00:27:46
where the same combinations of the letters AC t and
00:27:49
G are repeated several times in a row, but for
00:27:51
different people the number of repetitions in these
00:27:53
areas different for one, for example, 9 and for
00:27:56
another 15, they usually check 13 such
00:27:59
sites such a boring genetic
00:28:02
bureaucracy, now many dead-end cases are
00:28:04
solved thanks to this
00:28:06
analysis,
00:28:08
DNA is removed from old evidence and checked against databases,
00:28:11
while the criminal does not have to get
00:28:13
into these databases himself enough to in them
00:28:17
were his relatives, so they found a maniac
00:28:20
nicknamed the original Night Stalker
00:28:22
who killed at least 13 people,
00:28:24
the killer could not be stopped for 40 years until they
00:28:28
found partially matching DNA with him
00:28:30
in the database of commercial tests, it
00:28:32
turned out to be his second cousins, and
00:28:35
through them they found the Navy maniac himself
00:28:40
But here he is, a bloodthirsty grandfather sitting in the
00:28:43
courtroom and absolutely not happy with new
00:28:45
technologies, the likelihood that all 13
00:28:47
pieces of your DNA will coincidentally coincide
00:28:50
with another person is one in a quadrillion,
00:28:54
that is, practically zero, and
00:28:58
Unless you and this person are
00:29:01
identical Twins, such Twins
00:29:03
appear from one egg as a
00:29:06
result of natural cloning in the
00:29:08
womb, their DNA is one hundred
00:29:11
percent identical. How to leave after removing Tyrone and
00:29:13
Jerome Cooper, one of them raped a
00:29:16
student and left his DNA. But who
00:29:20
exactly the analysis cannot determine this and it is
00:29:22
illegal to imprison both of them So
00:29:24
the case remains open, write your
00:29:27
guesses in the comments who is the criminal
00:29:29
or is he left or right? By the way, the most
00:29:32
amazing thing about fingerprints in
00:29:34
Gemini is that the fingerprint
00:29:37
is unique in every finger of every
00:29:39
person who has ever lived on the planet
00:29:43
and the matching finger from the database is
00:29:46
manually searched by an expert in the old fashioned way matching
00:29:49
Emotions are such noticeable points where
00:29:52
the lines of the fingerprint break off or
00:29:55
diverge from the samples from our
00:29:57
crime scene, laboratory assistants were able to isolate
00:29:59
DNA and fingerprints only of the owners of the
00:30:02
house and the neighbor who discovered the body;
00:30:04
no more suspicious samples
00:30:07
were found. And what did the analysis of other evidence yield, the
00:30:09
collected fibers are not only examined
00:30:11
under a microscope, but they use a more
00:30:14
unobvious way to study something, they
00:30:16
need to destroy the fibers; they set fire to and
00:30:20
dip in acid those that were taken from the
00:30:22
victim’s fingers burn and smell like
00:30:25
paper like all plant fibers. And it
00:30:27
also dissolves in sulfuric acid and
00:30:29
looks like twisted under a microscope
00:30:30
tapes so the Expert understands
00:30:33
that in front of him is cotton and the threads from the broken
00:30:36
door only melt in the fire like any
00:30:38
synthetics can withstand acid and look like
00:30:40
sticky pasta they are identified
00:30:42
as spunbond non-woven material for
00:30:45
medical and protective clothing autumn
00:30:47
shreds
00:30:51
and shoe covers
00:30:54
you also found particles of earth it looks like
00:30:57
someone then he dragged Earth from a broken pot all over the room, a
00:30:59
strange
00:31:02
picture emerges: a drunken husband, in a fit of anger,
00:31:05
for some reason put on a protective suit and
00:31:08
shoe covers as if he were Maniac from
00:31:10
American Psycho
00:31:12
[music]
00:31:13
suspicious Yes Although maybe the husband is
00:31:16
just clean, for example, like his
00:31:19
late wife after all, the sample taken from the
00:31:21
drum of the washing machine contained the
00:31:23
blood of his wife and detergent, that is,
00:31:25
on the night of the murder, someone washed the
00:31:27
bloody clothes as if they were in no
00:31:30
hurry, and the washed clothes themselves
00:31:33
were not found anywhere in the house. In any case, it is
00:31:35
not necessary to draw any conclusions the
00:31:37
criminologist finally
00:31:40
got a chance to follow and asked his husband personally, he was
00:31:43
found hiding in the city in his
00:31:45
garage. He claims that he remembers the events of
00:31:48
that night, he came
00:31:54
and then the memory breaks off and he already
00:31:57
remembers himself on a ride gets to the
00:31:59
city, that is, he leaves home, leaves his
00:32:03
wife, but At the same time, he swears that he couldn’t
00:32:05
kill his wife. Yes, Amnesia is quite a cheating
00:32:08
move, but to prove guilt you need
00:32:11
Indisputable evidence. The husband has
00:32:13
permission to own a Berkut
00:32:15
2m carbine, which disappeared. By the way, also As a
00:32:18
murder weapon, and that’s what’s interesting, this
00:32:20
carbine is suitable for the caliber of bullets from the wall
00:32:22
7.62 there is only one problem without the
00:32:25
weapon itself and the bullet is useless for
00:32:28
ballistic examination there is no barrel
00:32:29
to shoot and compare the notches on the
00:32:32
bullet And without the gaze you can’t find out the serial number of the
00:32:34
cartridges But we remember the rules of lakar
00:32:36
the criminal always brings
00:32:39
something with him to the crime scene and also
00:32:41
always something comes out of there And we also
00:32:44
know that when a weapon is fired, it leaves
00:32:47
not only the field with the cartridge case, but also the gunpowder. And
00:32:50
also particles,
00:32:54
including on the clothes and hands of the shooter, and
00:32:57
even in his ears, go to the shower will not
00:32:59
help, they can be removed just like this
00:33:02
method, but to analyze particles you already
00:33:04
need heavy artillery, an electron
00:33:06
microscope to examine particles with a
00:33:07
diameter of up to 10 microns, that is, the size of a
00:33:11
bacterium, as well as a spectrometer that
00:33:14
will sort all the chemical elements into piles.
00:33:16
So we check the husband’s skin and clothes for the
00:33:19
products of the shot
00:33:22
and find nothing Although murder
00:33:24
happened three days ago, that is, particles
00:33:27
on the killer’s body should remain. But they are not there. The
00:33:29
husband himself will tell you that it didn’t come down to hunting that
00:33:32
day; he didn’t fire a
00:33:34
single shot that day; he just drank
00:33:36
vodka in the forest. Everything is in the best traditions of
00:33:39
crime TV series. the
00:33:41
first suspect turns out to be
00:33:43
innocent, the investigator pays attention
00:33:45
to the neighbor who discovered the body at 2:00
00:33:48
am, was it by chance that he was passing there, he also
00:33:50
hunts, but his gun has a
00:33:54
different caliber from which they were killed, he could
00:33:58
have changed it, for example.
00:34:07
Should
00:34:10
n’t we find out his involvement, but we
00:34:13
have more one Trump, remember we did
00:34:15
sighting when we were laying out the
00:34:17
trajectory with a laser, here it is, it will help us
00:34:20
in the place over which the trajectories of
00:34:22
all the bullets passed, we find the position of the shooter,
00:34:24
we apply here the height of the shoulder of our
00:34:27
suspect and we understand that due to
00:34:29
his height of 181 cm, he could not shoot from
00:34:33
this point And the height of the present killer
00:34:35
we estimate 168 cm is that minus
00:34:39
the suspect or something
00:34:41
[music]
00:34:42
it seems we made a mistake somewhere
00:34:46
or missed something the criminologist decides to
00:34:50
study the Evidence again but this time
00:34:53
A little more careful analysis of the blue
00:34:56
polyethylene did not give anything special, but the fact
00:34:59
that similar material is used in
00:35:01
shoe covers, it gave me the idea to study the particles of
00:35:03
soil on it, similar ones were everywhere on
00:35:06
the floor, but whether they coincide with the soil from the
00:35:08
broken pot, our specialist does not
00:35:11
know. Because he does not understand narrow
00:35:12
areas of knowledge, in such cases,
00:35:14
criminologists go to soil scientists for
00:35:16
analysis, only 10 mg is enough soil
00:35:19
weighs as much as a pair of hungry mosquitoes the color of the soil
00:35:23
plant impurities can be studied under a
00:35:25
microscope and we also need a chemical
00:35:27
analysis of acidity and
00:35:29
mineral content for these parameters the sample from
00:35:32
the bathroom did not coincide with the soil from the pot But
00:35:35
a soil scientist can show on a map where
00:35:37
the land we are interested in is found
00:35:39
nearby in our the soil was found to have an
00:35:41
increased content of peat,
00:35:44
which is typical for swampy areas but
00:35:48
not typical for the places where
00:35:49
the crime was committed for the places where
00:35:52
her husband was hunting, the
00:35:53
nearest swamps are 30 kilometers from the
00:35:56
crime scene near the old
00:35:58
village and the sister of the murdered woman lives there
00:36:02
[music]
00:36:04
the investigator calls her for a conversation
00:36:07
confidently lays out the entire
00:36:09
daily routine on the day of the murder, but when he
00:36:11
invites her to analyze the particles of gunpowder, she
00:36:14
begins to worry. But she does
00:36:16
not refuse the analysis and
00:36:18
particles of gunpowder are found in her ears under the
00:36:21
pressure of evidence, even if indirect, she
00:36:24
understands that the operation is useless and
00:36:26
confesses and tells everything as it happened
00:36:28
that day, the husband returned from hunting drunk,
00:36:31
there was a brawl in which he inflicted
00:36:34
shallow cuts on his wife, but was immediately frightened by
00:36:36
what he had done and ran away. The wife complained about
00:36:39
him to her sister on the phone, and she
00:36:41
saw a chance to fulfill her long-standing plan to
00:36:43
get rid of her husband, which she had always envied, to
00:36:46
jail. and become the only
00:36:49
heir of the house, asking her to wait, her
00:36:51
sister arrived at the cottage before entering the
00:36:53
case, a full set of equipment so as not to
00:36:55
leave traces, the future victim was
00:36:57
treating her wounds at that time. Behind the closed
00:37:00
door of the bathroom, the sister took
00:37:04
through the door,
00:37:07
the killer wrote herself a message from the
00:37:10
victim’s phone number, and also in
00:37:14
this way she hid that m calmly put
00:37:17
herself in order and her husband did not chase her.
00:37:19
She later drowned the evidence in the swamp. And if
00:37:23
you are interested in why the body was moving to kill itself, it’s
00:37:25
all simple, although you know, I won’t
00:37:29
tell you more precisely. I’ll tell you the correct answer
00:37:31
will be in our Telegram channel. Here is the QR code
00:37:33
for that to make it more convenient for you to come in
00:37:35
or follow the link in the description,
00:37:37
please go there. There are many more facts
00:37:39
about criminology and crimes waiting for you
00:37:41
that were not included in the issue. And in general, it’s
00:37:43
interesting there. Welcome to our
00:37:45
Telegram, write your versions in
00:37:47
the comments;
00:37:49
I’ll also like the most liked and correct versions, yes it will be
00:37:53
interesting for us to read ahead there, as we have
00:37:56
already said, any ideal
00:37:58
crime ceases to be such
00:38:00
when it is solved by criminologists, but
00:38:03
criminology is only a tool, it is
00:38:05
always guided by cheats hands investigator
00:38:07
experts laboratory assistants and so on our
00:38:09
story is over
00:38:11
but this story is fictitious and that’s all As they
00:38:14
say, coincidence is accidental but in
00:38:17
reality, even with advanced methods of
00:38:20
science in forensic science, we are not yet
00:38:22
immune from chance, and here
00:38:24
let’s find out who that
00:38:26
elusive woman without a face was from the beginning
00:38:28
of the issue, she turned out to be drumroll, an
00:38:31
ordinary factory worker, but the Phantoms from
00:38:34
Halbron were sent to prison, after all, all
00:38:36
that she committed a violation of the frequency of
00:38:38
production by staining the cotton
00:38:41
swabs that she packed with her DNA, and
00:38:42
then criminologists used these swabs to take samples
00:38:45
at crime scenes that, in
00:38:47
fact, are completely unrelated to each other. The
00:38:49
most elusive criminal in Europe
00:38:53
did not exist in nature and the police
00:38:56
actually spent 16 years chasing a phantom because
00:39:00
this could be the perfect crime
00:39:02
and it
00:39:06
definitely doesn’t exist. And as usual, pump up your
00:39:10
brains bye
00:39:14
[music]

Description:

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  • The best quality formats are FullHD (1080p), 2K (1440p), 4K (2160p) and 8K (4320p). The higher the resolution of your screen, the higher the video quality should be. However, there are other factors to consider: download speed, amount of free space, and device performance during playback.

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