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психология
пропаганда
реклама
эдвард бернейс
фрейд
зигмунд фрейд
групповая психология
саморазвитие
групповая идентификация
психология толпы
психология масс
протесты
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связи с общественностью
академия идей
финансовая независимость
толпа
как манипулировать людьми
промывка мозгов
реклама и связи с общественностью
пиар
политтехнолог
демократия
свобода
социальная психология
простые мысли
правое полушарие интроверта
история
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альтернативная история
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00:00:01
conscious and skillful manipulation of the
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ordered habits and tastes of the masses
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is an important component of a
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democratic society sets in
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motion this invisible social
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mechanism the invisible government which
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is the true ruling force in our
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country we are ruled by our consciousness
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programmed our tastes predetermined
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our ideas are offered to us and all this is
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done mainly by people which we
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have never heard of, performing
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almost any action in
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everyday life, be it in the field of
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politics or business, social
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interaction or ethics, we act at the
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behest of a relatively small group of
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people who understand the thought
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processes and the social structure of the masses;
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they are the ones who pull the strings leading to
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public consciousness it is they who control
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old social forces invent
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new ways to bind the world together and
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control
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this passage was written by Edward
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Bernes nephew of Sigmund Freud
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one of the pioneers in the field of advertising
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propaganda and public relations
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Bernes's influence was enormous based
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largely on the writings and
00:01:06
insights of his uncle he developed
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very successful manipulation techniques
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that are used today not only by
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companies selling consumer goods
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but also by those in power to control and
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manage the masses, as Bernes himself put it
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in this video we will look at
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some of Bernes's most intriguing ideas,
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paying special attention to his
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views on how group psychology
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can be used to control and
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manipulate the masses in his
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classic work Mass Psychology and
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the Analysis of the Human Self Sigmund Freud
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described group psychology as
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concerned with the individual as a
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member of a race nation Caste profession
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institution or as an integral part of a
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crowd of people who were organized into a
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group at a certain time for a
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certain purpose by others in words,
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group psychology is trying to understand How the
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behavior of a person's thoughts and emotions changes
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when he becomes part of a
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group, the tendency of people to form into a
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group was determined in our
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evolutionary past due to its
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advantages for survival, ancient people
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who united in tribes had a
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better chance of Surviving and reproducing in the
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harsh conditions in which they lived
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However, with the help of modern technology,
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people today have changed the environment
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in such a way that the value of tribal
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organization for survival has lost its
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relevance. But despite this, the ancient
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and instinctive craving of tribal
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organization still plays a large
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role in the lives of most people
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today, many people identify
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Consequently create stereotypes as for
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oneself and for others based on such
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things as race class gender nationality
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religion The political party or
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ideology that an individual adheres to is a
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persistent tendency towards group
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identification according to Bernes is a
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function of the expanded sense of
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self-worth that individuals
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gain from identifying with a potentially
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more powerful mass as a pack wolves are
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much stronger than each of these
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animals individually and the individual
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feels the potential strength of the group and
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identifies with it and experiences a
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sense of superiority.
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Since the end of the 19th century, a number of thinkers,
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most notably Freud and Gustave Le Bon,
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have tried to understand why people engage in
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group identification and how group
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identification influences the consciousness and
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behavior of a particular person, as
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Bernays noted, the conclusions drawn
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from these studies attracted
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the attention of those in power who
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wanted to expand their control over
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society. These people saw the potential in
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taking the theoretical ideas of
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group psychology and transforming them into
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practical methods that could be
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used to manipulate the masses From the outside, the
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problem that formed the basis of
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Bernes's work in the field of
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public relations, as Bernes explained in
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his book Propaganda, the
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systematic study of mass psychology
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allowed researchers to understand what an
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invisible government can achieve
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by manipulating the motives that
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influence an individual in a group, these
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studies have established that the mental
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characteristics of a group are different from the
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mental characteristics of an
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individual and that the group is subject to
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impulses and emotions that cannot
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be explained with the help of our knowledge of
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individual psychology,
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the question naturally arose If we understand the mechanism and
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motives of group consciousness, will we not be able to
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control the masses and manage them
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in our own way? of their own accord and without their
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knowledge The
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enormous potential for using knowledge
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from group psychology to control the
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masses is partly due to the fact that a
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person can be influenced by a
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group or crowd even when physically
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isolated, as Bernes noted in his
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book the crystallization of public
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opinion a crowd does not simply mean a
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physical gathering of several people
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a crowd - It is rather a state of mind
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while a person participates in group
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identification, his consciousness and behavior
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will change under the influence of the
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sustained influence of group psychology
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even if other members of the group are
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not physically present nearby. To understand how
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people's tendency to group
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identification makes the masses susceptible to
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manipulation, we must turn to
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one of Freud's ideas, which greatly
00:05:13
influenced the manipulation techniques
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developed by Bernes in his book
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Propaganda, published in 1928, or rather,
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Freudian psychologists explained that they
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were perhaps the first to point out
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that a person’s thoughts and actions often
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serve as substitutes for desires that he is
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forced to suppress the true reasons and
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desire for possession it may not be the
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true value of a thing, not its usefulness,
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but the fact that a person unconsciously
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perceives it as a symbol of something else, a
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desire that he is embarrassed to
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admit to himself. When buying a car,
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a person may
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not be guided by the desire to move faster; the
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true reasons for the purchase may be
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that the car serves as a symbol
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social status as evidence of
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business success or as a way to
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please his wife
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Freud suggested that there is often a
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gap between a person's conscious thoughts
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and feelings and desires that
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do not correspond to his
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self-image and which are therefore suppressed; this
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fact, as Bernays noted, makes a person
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susceptible to manipulation and because of this
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follows that if
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psychological and propaganda
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operations can be developed that bypass a
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person's conscious and rational faculties,
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targeting instead repressed
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emotions and hidden desires, then it is possible to
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force people to accept beliefs and
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behavior patterns without their awareness of the
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underlying motives leading to this, as
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Bernes explained in a huge number of
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cases people are guided by motives
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that hide from themselves, it is obvious
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that a successful propagandist must be able to
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recognize the true motives and not be
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satisfied with the explanations of people themselves
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as to the reasons for their actions, it is
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quite possible for a person, although often
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difficult, to understand the motives
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underlying his beliefs and
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actions through honest and critical
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self-analysis However, as soon as a person is
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influenced by group
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identification such critical
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introspection becomes almost
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impossible the mass is extremely suggestible
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frivolous in their judgments wrote
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Freud passes judgment without reasoning
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and is easily controlled
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to identify with the group the individual
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discards introspection and the search for truth in
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favor of maintaining group interests and
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cohesion And when his critical
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faculties are weakened by Under the influence of
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group psychology, a person becomes
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very susceptible to psychological
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influences directed at repressed
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or unconscious desires and emotions.
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It seems that these days there are forces
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operating through the mainstream
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media and popular
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culture that attempt to increase a
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person's propensity for certain types of
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group identification, namely
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identifications that divide the
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population into conflicting groups, this
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phenomenon is potentially harmful to both the
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stability and freedom of society
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since it allows those in power to
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use the age-old tactics of divide and
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conquer.
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In his book of discussions about the first
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decade of Tita Livea, Machiavelli noted that
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those who had power over the population have long
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understood that a united population is always
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stronger those who rule over them and therefore,
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since ancient times, rulers have sought to
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divide the many and weaken the force that
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was strong while it was united using
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methods that promote
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division
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by dividing the population on such grounds
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as race class religion gender or
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political preferences Or in other
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words into groups naturally inclined to
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clashes, the influence of group
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psychology makes rational
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discussion and debate between people in these
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separate groups extremely unlikely;
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each group considers its own
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standards to be final and indisputable
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and those that contradict or differ from them are
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considered invalid,
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unable to resolve
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differences of opinion through
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rational group discussion.
00:09:01
belief structures come into conflict
00:09:02
tend to resort to more destructive
00:09:05
means in an attempt to defeat those
00:09:07
they perceive as a threat in this
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way A society dominated by
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such groups is easily divided into
00:09:13
increasingly hostile conflicts and the
00:09:15
result is not only a weakening of the
00:09:16
population as a whole as Machiavelli noted,
00:09:19
but a distraction from the actions of those
00:09:21
who operate behind the scenes and
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represent, according to Bernes, the invisible
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government controlling the destinies of
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millions.
00:09:29
Although there is nothing wrong with a sense of
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belonging based on commonalities, it is a
00:09:36
mistake to base our
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personal identity primarily on
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belonging to a group from the point of view of From the perspective of
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our evolutionary history, only very
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recently have we acquired the ability to recognize
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ourselves as an individual separate from
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any group or tribe; this was a
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most important event in the development of consciousness
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since the existence of a society
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based on individual rights and
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personal freedoms depends on a population
00:09:59
that has developed this ability to
00:10:02
individualize. awareness Or in other
00:10:04
words, from a society of people who
00:10:06
understand themselves and treat others
00:10:08
primarily as individuals,
00:10:11
as Erich Neumann noted in his
00:10:13
classic work on the origin and
00:10:15
development of consciousness, before the development of this
00:10:17
ability for individual awareness, the
00:10:19
group dominated and group consciousness, the
00:10:21
consciousness of the individual was not an
00:10:24
independent individualized
00:10:25
entity possessing its own
00:10:27
knowledge, morality, will and activity, it
00:10:31
functioned exclusively as part of the
00:10:33
group and the group with its superior power
00:10:35
was the only real subject
00:10:38
in this light, the tendency of modern
00:10:41
people to group identification
00:10:43
is not only a danger
00:10:45
to the freedom and stability of society, but
00:10:47
is also a regression of consciousness to a more
00:10:49
primitive psychological state
00:10:51
This means, from the point of view of modernity, a
00:10:54
pathological tendency that
00:10:56
needs to be overcome, or as Freud put it,
00:10:58
each individual is part of the
00:11:01
consciousness of many masses, races, classes,
00:11:04
religious communities of the state, and so
00:11:06
on, and he can also rise above
00:11:09
them to the extent that he has and is
00:11:12
distinguished by independence and
00:11:14
originality
00:11:16
If you liked the video please
00:11:19
support the channel using any link in the
00:11:21
description

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Поддержать канал: https://boosty.to/akademia Карта Сбера: 4276 5500 8853 5854 Тинькофф: https://www.tinkoff.ru/collectmoney/crowd/prigodich.dmitriy1/zZA0q60363/?short_link=7Hl7UBtCQfP&httpMethod=HEAD Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/akademiaidei USDT (TRX): TY4wbq63ZsBynJHzo2qBCDF4wS3mEEimHW BTC: bc1qg2tf0n3vnwk2r70z2dz94p02uysma0cagasa33 Англоязычный канал https://www.youtube.com/@academyofideas Сайт https://academyofideas.com/ Русскоязычный инстаграм: https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser В этом видео мы обратим внимание на идеи Эдварда Бернейса, племянника Зигмунда Фрейда, и пионера в области связей с общественностью и пропаганды, о том как групповая психология может быть использована для манипулирования и управления массами. Он опирался на предположение психологов-фрейдистов, что часто существует разрыв между сознательными мыслями человека, и чувствами и желаниями, которые не соответствуют его представлению о себе, и которые поэтому подавляются. Этот факт, как отметил Бернейс, делает человека подверженным манипуляциям. Для человека вполне возможно, хотя зачастую и трудно, осознать мотивы, лежащие в основе его убеждений и действий, путём честного и критического самоанализа. Однако, как только человек поддается влиянию групповой идентификации, такой критический самоанализ становится практически невозможным. Идентифицируясь с группой, индивид отбрасывает самоанализ и поиск истины в пользу поддержания групповых интересов и сплоченности. А когда его критические способности ослабевают под влиянием групповой психологии, человек становится очень восприимчивым к психологическим воздействиям, направленным на подавленные или бессознательные желания и эмоции. Цитаты из видео: “Сознательное и умелое манипулирование упорядоченными привычками и вкусами масс является важной составляющей демократического общества. Приводит в движение этот незримый общественный механизм невидимое правительство, которое является истинной правящей силой в нашей стране. Нами правят, наше сознание программируют, наши вкусы предопределяют, наши идеи нам предлагают – и все это делают в основном люди, о которых мы никогда и не слыхивали… совершая практически любое действие в повседневной жизни, будь то в сфере политики или бизнеса, социального взаимодействия или этики, мы действуем по указке сравнительно небольшой группы людей… которые разбираются в мыслительных процессах и в социальной структуре масс. Это они тянут за ниточки, идущие к общественному сознанию, это они управляют старыми общественными силами и изобретают новые способы связывать мир воедино и управлять им.” “Систематическое изучение психологии масс позволило исследователям понять, чего может добиться невидимое правительство, манипулируя мотивами, которые воздействуют на человека в группе… [эти исследования] установили, что психические характеристики группы отличаются от психических характеристик отдельного человека и что группа подчиняется импульсам и эмоциям, которые не могут быть объяснены с помощью наших знаний об индивидуальной психологии. Естественно, возник вопрос: если мы поймем механизм и мотивы группового сознания, не сумеем ли мы контролировать массы и управлять ими по [нашему] собственному желанию и без их ведома?” “Психологи-фрейдисты были едва ли не первыми, кто указал на то, что мысли и действия человека нередко служат заместителями желаний, которые он вынужден подавлять. Подлинной причиной стремления к обладанию может быть не истинная ценность вещи, не ее полезность, а то, что человек бессознательно воспринимает ее как символ чего-то иного, некоего желания, в котором он стесняется себе признаться. Покупая автомобиль, человек может руководствоваться отнюдь не стремлением быстрее передвигаться… Истинной причиной покупки может быть то, что автомобиль служит символом социального статуса, свидетельством деловых успехов или способом доставить удовольствие жене.” “…в огромном количестве случаев люди руководствуются мотивами, которые сами от себя скрывают… Очевидно, что успешный пропагандист должен уметь распознавать истинные мотивы и не удовлетворяться объяснениями самих людей относительно причин их поступков.” ("Пропаганда", Эдвард Бернейс) “Каждая группа… [считает] свои собственные стандарты окончательными и неоспоримыми, а те, которые им противоречат или от них отличаются, считаются несостоятельными”. ("Кристаллизация общественного мнения", Эдвард Бернейс) “Каждый индивид является частью сознания многих масс, – расы, сословия, религиозной общины, государства и т. д., а также он может и возвыситься над ними в той мере, в какой он обладает и отличается самостоятельностью и оригинальностью” (Психология масс и анализ человеческого «я», Зигмунд Фрейд)

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mobile menu iconWhy does my computer freeze when loading a "Психология толпы, пропаганда и реклама: Эдвард Бернейс и групповая идентификация" video?mobile menu icon

  • The browser/computer should not freeze completely! If this happens, please report it with a link to the video. Sometimes videos cannot be downloaded directly in a suitable format, so we have added the ability to convert the file to the desired format. In some cases, this process may actively use computer resources.

mobile menu iconHow can I download "Психология толпы, пропаганда и реклама: Эдвард Бернейс и групповая идентификация" video to my phone?mobile menu icon

  • You can download a video to your smartphone using the website or the PWA application UDL Lite. It is also possible to send a download link via QR code using the UDL Helper extension.

mobile menu iconHow can I download an audio track (music) to MP3 "Психология толпы, пропаганда и реклама: Эдвард Бернейс и групповая идентификация"?mobile menu icon

  • The most convenient way is to use the UDL Client program, which supports converting video to MP3 format. In some cases, MP3 can also be downloaded through the UDL Helper extension.

mobile menu iconHow can I save a frame from a video "Психология толпы, пропаганда и реклама: Эдвард Бернейс и групповая идентификация"?mobile menu icon

  • This feature is available in the UDL Helper extension. Make sure that "Show the video snapshot button" is checked in the settings. A camera icon should appear in the lower right corner of the player to the left of the "Settings" icon. When you click on it, the current frame from the video will be saved to your computer in JPEG format.

mobile menu iconWhat's the price of all this stuff?mobile menu icon

  • It costs nothing. Our services are absolutely free for all users. There are no PRO subscriptions, no restrictions on the number or maximum length of downloaded videos.