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Как избежать проблем со зрением при сахарном диабете?

Как избежать проблем со зрением при сахарном диабете?

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00:00:03

you eat a lot of sweets, your butt

00:00:07

will stick together;

00:00:09

they also say that sugar is white death,

00:00:16

but how can you resist a sweet

00:00:21

candy or a piece of refined sugar and how

00:00:29

sugar, but not in a confectionery product but

00:00:36

in our body, can kill us, as you

00:00:42

understood the speech today Let's talk about diabetes: is it

00:00:46

worth being afraid of it and is it possible

00:00:49

to earn it if you eat sugar with spoons or

00:00:54

sugar only makes dad stick together, you will find out in

00:00:57

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00:00:59

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the description, and now let’s go,

00:02:29

doctors determined the presence of diabetes mellitus according to the taste of the match something like

00:02:32

this, this urine probably should have

00:02:39

belonged to a

00:02:40

patient with diabetes mellitus, just like that,

00:02:44

by the way, diabetes was divided into mellitus and

00:02:47

insipidus, but not diabetes mellitus; this

00:02:51

topic is generally for a separate issue, but the

00:02:55

main sign of diabetes mellitus

00:02:58

is an increase in glucose in the blood, but

00:03:03

how does this most important exchange occur?

00:03:06

carbohydrates in our body,

00:03:08

the main player in the metabolism of carbohydrates in

00:03:12

our body is the pancreas,

00:03:16

we all know that the pancreas

00:03:20

produces enzymes that help

00:03:23

our digestion to break down all

00:03:25

substances, but in addition to external secretion,

00:03:29

it also has internal secretion, this

00:03:32

gland produces hormones and

00:03:34

they are produced in such places like the

00:03:38

islets of Langerhans

00:03:42

and in these islets there are alpha cells and

00:03:46

beta cells in alpha cells

00:03:52

glucagon is produced and in beta cells the

00:03:56

well-known insulin is precisely these

00:04:00

hormones that are involved in the metabolism of glucose

00:04:06

insulin reduces its amount in the blood

00:04:10

and glucagon, on the contrary, increases its

00:04:15

amount,

00:04:16

so let’s imagine our glucose in the blood like

00:04:22

this and, for example, they look and

00:04:24

move through the vessels something like this, but the

00:04:28

fact is that there are

00:04:32

tissues that can simply

00:04:35

consume this glucose from the blood without

00:04:39

depending on insulin, for

00:04:41

example, organs such as the brain,

00:04:46

but there are organs and tissues that are in the blood for a reason

00:04:54

which does not just get there are

00:04:58

organs such as muscles,

00:05:03

liver, adipose tissue, and in order for

00:05:07

glucose to get here there is a complex

00:05:10

mechanism,

00:05:12

there are receptors special for

00:05:18

our hormone insulin and

00:05:22

insulin attaches to these

00:05:26

receptors, launching

00:05:30

special channels that from the cell

00:05:35

enter the membrane and through them glucose

00:05:40

and through them glucose can enter the

00:05:44

cell and the body in this case

00:05:47

functions perfectly and normally,

00:05:50

but it happens that misfires occur at

00:05:54

some of these stages,

00:05:56

for example, insulin simply does not exist,

00:06:02

this

00:06:03

occurs in type 1 diabetes mellitus, this

00:06:07

is a genetic disease in which

00:06:11

our t -cells our immune system

00:06:15

destroys Langerhans cells beta cells

00:06:19

and

00:06:20

insulin simply is not produced

00:06:24

the amount of glucose in the blood increases

00:06:28

but the cell suffers the cell suffers from

00:06:33

hunger and does not receive enough glucose another

00:06:36

mechanism in type 2 diabetes mellitus

00:06:40

in type 2 diabetes mellitus does not work

00:06:44

let’s say this mechanism does not

00:06:47

this mechanism works,

00:06:49

that is, the cell becomes

00:06:52

insulin resistant, it cannot

00:06:56

perceive this insulin and the process again does

00:07:01

not occur in type 2 diabetes,

00:07:07

the main factor is obesity,

00:07:10

due to obesity, the cell ceases to be

00:07:15

sensitive to insulin, in addition to this,

00:07:19

physical inactivity, that is, a small amount of

00:07:23

movement of the body also leads to this

00:07:27

process, but also 80 percent of people with

00:07:32

type 2 diabetes are overweight, so

00:07:35

obesity is the main factor,

00:07:38

but of course there are obese people, fat

00:07:42

people who do not suffer from diabetes, why

00:07:45

because there are also

00:07:48

genetic factors here, genetics, where would

00:07:52

all the people with diabetes be without it? on the

00:07:56

planet, about ten percent

00:07:58

about ten percent suffer from varying

00:08:02

degrees of impaired

00:08:04

glucose tolerance of the body, of these

00:08:08

ten percent, 10 percent are

00:08:12

type 1 diabetes and as many as 90 percent are type 2 diabetes,

00:08:19

I hope now it has become a little

00:08:21

clearer to you why there are two types diabetes,

00:08:25

which were previously called insulin

00:08:29

dependent type 1 and type 2

00:08:31

insulin, regardless of how you understand,

00:08:34

the body suffers greatly due to the fact that

00:08:39

some tissues do not receive enough glucose

00:08:42

and the cell suffers and starves, it is clear that it is

00:08:49

very strong and sadly when the

00:08:52

cell is starving the body itself begins to

00:08:55

eat itself, lipolysis occurs that is, the

00:08:59

breakdown of its own fats and the

00:09:04

breakdown of its own muscles, the body

00:09:08

eats itself, a kind of autophagy, and

00:09:12

as a result loses weight, that is, all patients with

00:09:18

type 1 diabetes mellitus, most of

00:09:21

them lose weight, and as a result of

00:09:26

this, the person begins to eat more

00:09:30

reflexively, so polyphagia occurs,

00:09:35

the body suffers from a lack of

00:09:38

glucose, although in There is a lot of this glucose in the blood vessels,

00:09:42

despite this, a

00:09:45

person reflexively wants to eat again and again

00:09:48

due to the fact that the amount of glucose in

00:09:53

the blood increases, it begins to come out in the

00:09:56

urine. I have already shown you that doctors used to

00:09:59

determine by taste

00:10:01

and whether a person had diabetes or not

00:10:05

because the urine contained glucose and the

00:10:09

matcha was sweet, and so glucose

00:10:13

is excreted in the urine and we observe

00:10:18

glucosuria, the presence of glucose in the urine,

00:10:22

but glucose takes on liquid and

00:10:28

therefore the matcha amount of urine

00:10:30

increases,

00:10:32

polyuria occurs, the person constantly

00:10:37

goes to the toilet and due to the fact that a

00:10:40

large the amount of water is lost, the

00:10:43

body becomes dehydrated, the person

00:10:46

constantly wants to drink the deepsea field

00:10:49

and the person can but feel drinking

00:10:53

constantly drinking

00:10:54

and now large amounts of water

00:10:57

of course there are many other symptoms of

00:11:04

diabetes, most of them are associated with

00:11:07

complications, but

00:11:09

these are the main symptoms and of

00:11:13

course the worst thing that comes diabetes in oneself

00:11:18

that complications can arise

00:11:21

that proceed

00:11:23

quietly and smoothly but in the end make

00:11:27

themselves felt there are complications that

00:11:30

occur

00:11:31

acutely, this should always be feared but also

00:11:34

known to those who suffer from diabetes and

00:11:37

their relatives, for example, due to the fact

00:11:41

that glucose is an energy

00:11:44

substrate

00:11:45

is not used, then

00:11:49

ketone bodies are used and in the end the

00:11:52

product of their vital activity is

00:11:55

acetone and with this hyper process

00:12:00

kedo acidosis occurs,

00:12:03

acidosis can occur even with

00:12:06

treatment, for example, in patients with

00:12:09

type 1 diabetes who

00:12:11

receive insulin, but insulin is

00:12:15

the only hormone that reduces the

00:12:16

amount of sugar there are other hormones in the blood,

00:12:23

they are counter in solar, including

00:12:25

stress hormones, and if there is

00:12:28

stress, then it increases the production

00:12:32

of glucagon and, accordingly, ketoacidosis can

00:12:35

occur; the

00:12:36

blood becomes acidic and the

00:12:39

body suffers very much, and this is a

00:12:42

complication; in this case, the

00:12:45

person must be

00:12:47

hospitalized;

00:12:48

another more complicated one. which can

00:12:50

occur is hypoglycemia, despite the

00:12:53

fact that in diabetes the

00:12:56

amount of glucose increases, but it is very easy to

00:12:59

upset this balance

00:13:02

if, for example, you incorrectly correlate the

00:13:04

amount of insulin that is in

00:13:07

your deck and the

00:13:09

number of carbon units eaten,

00:13:11

then hypoglycemia can occur

00:13:15

in the simplest case, a person will simply

00:13:18

lose consciousness but can even

00:13:22

reach a

00:13:24

coma coma with diabetes mellitus to a

00:13:28

critical state

00:13:31

about the store and they are different

00:13:35

hypoglycemic about chemical

00:13:37

lactation to tic type 1 painting but

00:13:40

we will leave this for other releases or for

00:13:45

people who will search for what is still on the

00:13:48

Internet they are in this video but in In any

00:13:51

case, a person with diabetes and his

00:13:56

family must take into account that they need to

00:13:58

take their condition very seriously,

00:14:02

but of course with diabetes there are also

00:14:05

chronic, sluggish complications

00:14:08

that are very very very dangerous,

00:14:11

first of all, diabetes affects the blood vessels, the

00:14:16

walls of the blood vessels thicken and it

00:14:20

becomes more vulnerable and

00:14:23

traumatic, the intima can be damaged, atherosclerotic plaques can

00:14:27

arise,

00:14:32

and as you understand, this leads to heart attacks

00:14:37

and strokes, myocardial infarction affects

00:14:41

both large vessels,

00:14:43

macroangiopathy, and small vessels,

00:14:48

microangiopathy, this can be seen by an

00:14:51

ophthalmologist, it occurs 3

00:14:54

our eye suffers from sweating and the eye suffers day we

00:14:58

will see small aneurysms and

00:15:02

hemorrhages, this is a sign of

00:15:05

long-term diabetes mellitus, of course, the kidneys also suffer, the

00:15:09

brain

00:15:13

encephalopathy

00:15:16

and other damage to the nervous system occurs,

00:15:19

such as polyneuropathy,

00:15:22

nerves are damaged and sensitivity is impaired,

00:15:25

so a person with non-diabetes for a long time

00:15:29

may not feel,

00:15:31

for example, touching a hot or

00:15:34

cold object for example, a patient

00:15:37

with diabetes was in the hospital once in front of

00:15:42

my eyes, during the night he did not feel that

00:15:45

his leg was touching the radiator and he received

00:15:48

severe burns to his fingertips and of

00:15:52

course a very very serious

00:15:57

consequence of diabetes is the

00:15:59

diabetic foot

00:16:01

since both nerves and blood vessels suffer

00:16:05

the limbs

00:16:07

also suffer very much, this leads

00:16:10

to non-healing ulcers, and is it difficult to

00:16:15

even have a separate department for the deep

00:16:16

tic foot where these complications are treated

00:16:18

and, in extreme cases, you can even amputate half a foot

00:16:22

or a foot or a whole leg,

00:16:25

so I think that you now understand that

00:16:29

diabetes is serious a disease that

00:16:33

changes from people's lifestyle and causes

00:16:38

harm to the body if it is not treated, but how to

00:16:41

treat diabetes mellitus

00:16:44

of course there are different principles for

00:16:47

patients with type 1 diabetes

00:16:49

and people with type 2 diabetes who

00:16:56

do not have insulin but the cells remain

00:16:59

insulin resistant, it is clear that

00:17:01

they must receive

00:17:02

insulin; insulin can be either short-

00:17:06

acting or long-acting;

00:17:08

fortunately,

00:17:10

the factory now produces different types of insulin,

00:17:13

including

00:17:15

insulin pumps that are directly

00:17:19

sewn into the human body, and of course,

00:17:24

despite the fact that due to hyperglycemia,

00:17:29

that is, due to increased the amount of

00:17:31

sugar measles these people suffer, but

00:17:33

nevertheless they can still eat sugar, we

00:17:38

will go to the beginning of the release and, moreover,

00:17:41

they should have something sweet in their everyday life,

00:17:46

let’s say in their pocket or bag or

00:17:48

backpack in case of

00:17:51

hypoglycemia when sugar in the body and in the

00:17:55

blood decreases, then you need to quickly

00:17:57

increase it, eat something sweet,

00:18:01

but of course these people must follow a

00:18:04

diet,

00:18:05

it is based on the fact that you need to correlate the

00:18:07

amount of insulin taken;

00:18:17

type

00:18:20

and the second type we already knew,

00:18:24

we know that it is associated with obesity, then of

00:18:30

course you need to first look

00:18:34

at your diet, so to speak, with diabetes or

00:18:37

impaired glucose tolerance, you can

00:18:40

only change it through diet,

00:18:44

but if diet does not help, then there are

00:18:46

many medications, medications that

00:18:50

reduce sugar levels and there are a

00:18:56

lot of these medications, they are selected together

00:18:59

with the attending physician and an endocrinologist and to

00:19:05

varying degrees they correlate, so I will say, and of

00:19:09

course the advanced stage when at first

00:19:13

people have a

00:19:14

lot of insulin, even in excess, but the

00:19:18

pancreas

00:19:20

changes and the Langerhans cells get tired, and

00:19:24

with the second type,

00:19:25

sometimes there is no insulin either is produced in the

00:19:31

usual amount and it decreases

00:19:34

the amount of insulin and therefore sometimes

00:19:36

means including VAT,

00:19:39

but returning to obesity to the main

00:19:42

reason for type 2 diabetes,

00:19:46

we can say that

00:19:51

metabolic surgery has made a big step forward,

00:19:54

surgery aimed at weight loss

00:19:56

is various manipulations with the intestines and

00:20:01

stomach first of all, reducing the

00:20:03

volume of the stomach, for example, leads not only

00:20:06

to weight loss but also to the normalization of

00:20:11

blood sugar numbers, yes this is paradoxical, but

00:20:15

people who perform so-called

00:20:19

bariatric surgery and rhetorical

00:20:22

surgeons can help patients with

00:20:26

type 2 diabetes and normalize glucose levels

00:20:34

but diabetes returning Type 1, they are

00:20:37

also trying to solve this problem radically,

00:20:40

what do you think, if the problem is in the

00:20:44

pancreas,

00:20:46

then you can do a transplant;

00:20:51

pancreas transplantation

00:20:54

from a healthy donor can solve

00:20:58

the problem and cure a patient with

00:21:02

type 1 diabetes,

00:21:03

but of course, all this is solved at an appointment with an

00:21:08

endocrinologist and only the endocrinologist

00:21:10

prescribes correct treatment, but the main thing

00:21:15

is to maintain the glucose level at the

00:21:18

levels you need and when

00:21:23

glucose increases or symptoms intensify,

00:21:26

take some me

00:21:28

this was the most clear and simple

00:21:32

video about diabetes, of course this

00:21:35

disease is much more than this video, but

00:21:38

I hope that it turned out to be as

00:21:40

simple as possible tell you about such a

00:21:43

terrible disease, be sure to

00:21:46

send this video to your friends,

00:21:48

many people

00:21:50

know it, like it if you

00:21:53

liked it, if you like this

00:21:55

content, write in the comments what you

00:21:57

think about diabetes mellitus and in general

00:22:01

what diseases maybe I should

00:22:04

also cover and look forward to seeing you in new ones releases

00:22:08

on the channel moment everything for now I love you don’t

00:22:11

get sick get well

00:22:13

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