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Video tags
Subtitles
Russian
00:00:00
[music]00:00:10
[music]00:00:31
[music]00:00:36
I note as an ordinary stroke in my biography without00:00:39
further ado I flew to the end of geography00:00:42
in just 20 hours the00:00:45
fantastic coast of Chukotka The00:00:48
ocean that is always gushing at it here once upon a time00:00:50
Cossack boats made their way through the tracks and00:00:53
fog brave and skillful people how on the most00:00:57
ordinary work they went into the white desert where it was00:01:01
frosty for months People took off their hats over the graves they00:01:05
were stingy with words they00:01:08
named the newly discovered islands with the names of friends00:01:12
map in memory they remain with an eternal list of00:01:15
names keeping the first Russian explorers00:01:18
who gave us these lands00:01:22
these poems were written by the Leningrad00:01:25
geographer Valentin Rusanov on board the00:01:28
Ice reconnaissance plane Where was00:01:31
our expedition00:01:34
[music]00:02:09
Hello dear comrades00:02:13
So we are in Chukotka, this land has00:02:18
its own literary geography, it is in the00:02:21
works of many Russian and Soviet00:02:23
writers But most of all in the works of the00:02:25
wonderful Chukotka writer Yuri00:02:28
Sergeevich Today we guests and00:02:31
companions the journey began00:02:34
here00:02:35
[music]00:02:42
my Chukotka home is here in the bay of holding00:02:48
I came here in00:02:51
1946 I landed on this shore00:02:55
and I had to get a job I had to00:02:59
get a passport a00:03:01
passport in general it turned out to be00:03:03
easy to get but without a name and patronymic for me they00:03:07
didn’t give him away to me, they just called him Roth What00:03:10
does unknown mean?00:03:14
I went to the polar station on the other00:03:17
side of the bay, from here you can see it from the window of my00:03:21
office and asked the head of00:03:25
the Polar station for his first and middle name, he00:03:28
told me I can even give you his last name00:03:31
if necessary, he told me that surname00:03:34
probably wanted to fit here00:03:38
I really need the middle name I really need this is how I became here in00:03:40
the summer of00:03:42
1946 Yuri Sergeevich00:03:45
this is where all my roads begin here the00:03:51
neighboring Chukotka region is my native00:03:54
Len00:03:56
Ponadyr Pevek to the industrial areas in the00:04:00
reindeer herding brigade here00:04:04
I work well here sometimes you think about00:04:09
what such a writer Because when in00:04:12
1946 the main thing for me was to get a job as a00:04:15
loader in order to earn money further00:04:17
on the way to the university,00:04:19
you think that a writer is not only a00:04:23
traveler through the space of the earth, but00:04:28
probably a traveler. So, in the depths of00:04:33
people’s hearts,00:04:36
this is a person who carries00:04:39
what he received even in childhood,00:04:44
from relatives from parents from their ancestors00:04:48
from friends, that wealth00:04:51
that already needs to be distributed correctly and wisely00:04:56
because a rich person is00:05:00
interesting both00:05:04
in itself and because of what he received from00:05:07
other people,00:05:14
you hear music from the film The Most00:05:17
Beautiful Ships, this film was filmed00:05:20
here is the bay of holding and it was filmed according to00:05:24
the script of Yuri Sergeevich Ratheo, by the way,00:05:26
he himself played one role in this film, this00:05:30
bay is wonderful, it’s not just00:05:32
picturesque, I have it and I have my own story00:05:35
that I’ll now try00:05:37
to tell you00:05:38
[music]00:05:41
Wow, holding is located in the Northern00:05:45
north-western part The Bering Sea00:05:48
itself is a bay. This is a large00:05:51
fjord that cuts into the shore at a00:05:54
distance of 30 kilometers, and this fjord00:05:58
has many branches of small00:06:01
bays. It is generally00:06:03
accepted that it is assumed00:06:06
that at least the Cossack Centurion, the centurion of the Anadyr fort, Kurbat Ivanov, was here in these places back in 1660.00:06:19
Well, the name this bay00:06:24
received in00:06:27
1848 or a little later later in those00:06:31
days when the English00:06:35
navigator Thomas Moore found himself here, he was walking along00:06:38
these shores on a ship, the crew was00:06:41
exhausted by storms and diseases, and suddenly00:06:44
unexpectedly, completely by accident, they00:06:46
ended up in this bay, they spent the winter here and00:06:49
thus stayed,00:06:51
and now then Thomas called the00:06:58
time of our journey, we00:07:02
met the yacht Chukotka on board which00:07:04
were cadets of the Far Eastern00:07:06
Higher Engineering School, they managed to00:07:10
discover and sketch and00:07:12
map monuments erected by many00:07:15
hitherto unknown brave00:07:17
sailors, among them, for example, monuments to the skipper00:07:19
sailor, the rider of the board who died in00:07:23
these waters with the names of the00:07:26
crew members of Vitus Bering00:07:30
[music]00:07:40
[music]00:07:51
[music]00:07:52
Well, of course, in order to sail in these00:07:55
places you need to be a real master00:07:57
and00:07:58
know how to drive ships, that is, people00:08:02
were good sailors. I think that00:08:04
probably the Captain of the port,00:08:08
Vladimir Afanasyevich Belomestnov He00:08:12
can tell us about this more00:08:13
professionally. Please, well, in00:08:17
general, when James Cook first came here to these places,00:08:20
he was amazed at the skill with which the00:08:24
sailors handled their00:08:26
small fragile boats and when he00:08:29
invited them as knowledgeable people who00:08:32
knew these places he was amazed at00:08:35
how well they understood the management of a00:08:38
ship in general, and such a large00:08:40
sailing ship was commanded by00:08:42
James Cook, so when in 1875 the00:08:46
Russian clitoris magician came here, this is the00:08:49
first Russian military ship to arrive in00:08:53
our waters, then a00:08:57
boat or kayak came out to meet him, a00:09:00
local kayak and a man who were00:09:03
on a canoe, he offered his services to the captain of our00:09:06
ship as a locen,00:09:08
that is, a specialist in managing a00:09:10
ship who knows his place well;00:09:13
having climbed on board,00:09:16
this man from the local population, an00:09:18
Eskimo, very skillfully steered the ship, brought00:09:21
it into the harbor and skillfully anchored it; the00:09:24
ship's officers were amazed by this00:09:27
the ability00:09:28
to cope with such a large sailing00:09:30
ship, but the explanation for this is00:09:33
very simple, people have been00:09:35
associated with the sea all their lives, they were familiar with the sail, and the00:09:38
fundamental question of sail control00:09:40
is the same for a large ship and that00:09:43
little in addition to everything was apparently said00:09:46
later, this Eskimo by name was written00:09:49
down in the magazine, Ivan Kanilas in00:09:52
Russian transcription00:09:54
became an official licensed00:09:56
state maritime pilot, he00:09:59
was issued a license for the right to00:10:01
pilot ships in these Waters on behalf of the00:10:04
Russian government, and he many00:10:06
times drove ships not only to the harbor00:10:09
but also along the coast to Cape00:10:12
Schmidt and received official wages for this00:10:14
in this way00:10:15
Pilotage service00:10:17
in the port of conduct today00:10:20
has existed for more than 100 years, these places are the00:10:23
indigenous places of the Eskimos Hunters of00:10:28
large sea animals, on the other side of the00:10:31
bay there was located00:10:37
[music]00:10:40
further there was the village of Avan00:10:45
and that’s all these villages were famous along the entire00:10:49
coast for the fact that huge00:10:52
sea animals were killed here - whales and this whole00:10:55
culture00:10:56
dating back to very ancient times, it00:10:59
was based on the whale fishery on the00:11:03
hunt for large sea animals walruses00:11:05
large seals00:11:08
and all the material culture language custom00:11:12
all this was connected with this and from here00:11:16
marine hunters of whales and walruses00:11:20
they spread further to00:11:22
the northeast and to the islands of this00:11:26
region, including the island of St.00:11:28
Lawrence, the population who lived here and00:11:31
now lives in the village of Novocherkino are the00:11:33
same people by origin,00:11:36
language and culture who live, say,00:11:38
on the island of St. Lawrence, these are very00:11:40
brave people, wonderful sailors, they are00:11:44
on small kayaks, they covered00:11:46
enormous distances,00:11:52
hunting for whales00:11:56
is a very brave and difficult activity, this is how the00:12:05
inhabitants of the island of St. Lawrence hunt, the inhabitants of the00:12:09
island of Little Diomet, the inhabitants,00:12:14
for them this is the only way of00:12:17
existence The00:12:19
fact is that00:12:21
large bowhead whales have already been knocked out in00:12:24
these areas, but the American Eskimos00:12:28
simply have no other way of existence.00:12:32
Every year, the international whale conservation commission00:12:35
allocates them a small quota, which is what00:12:39
these Eskimos of Alaska live on.00:12:44
Whale for residents of the Bering Strait region,00:12:48
this is a whole worldview. a whole way00:12:52
of life This is a philosophy this00:12:54
is folklore according00:12:57
to the beliefs of the peoples living in this region00:13:01
in general A Primorsky resident descended from a00:13:05
whale He is the son of a whale there are00:13:11
dozens of people there and these legends00:13:15
say that he sailed to the shore and00:13:18
married a woman was00:13:35
I wrote00:13:37
several books00:13:41
which used this Legend in00:13:44
particular here books When the whales leave00:13:52
and00:13:57
plunge into some detail or something. If I can say so00:14:00
whale I told00:14:02
[music]00:14:03
quite complex things00:14:06
that are00:14:08
called00:14:10
a journey through the00:14:13
Bering Strait00:14:15
[music]00:14:42
this is a book of00:14:43
reflections on the fate of the00:14:48
Arctic peoples of00:14:51
people living on both sides of the Bering00:14:54
Strait here he is nearby00:14:57
and I had a chance to visit the other shore00:15:01
where the Alaskan Eskimos live,00:15:06
I made these trips on a UNESCO business trip00:15:12
as part of the so-called Arctic00:15:15
project, projects that00:15:19
study the issue of preserving the00:15:22
originality of Arctic cultures in the era of00:15:27
very modern, very intensive00:15:30
industrial development of the north00:15:33
and00:15:35
Arctic cultures in00:15:38
our opinion on the planet they are very00:15:41
widespread, they spread throughout the00:15:45
entire circumference of the globe throughout the00:15:48
Polar Territory.00:15:52
But what is interesting00:15:56
is the basis of the life of the northern peoples, it00:16:02
greatly influenced art, I would say00:16:06
that even literature, let’s00:16:09
say such things as carving on00:16:14
walrus ivory,00:16:16
here is walrus ivory in this form, it’s00:16:20
like a00:16:21
blank page of a blank page of a book on00:16:25
which a drawing is then drawn or is it00:16:30
a legend00:16:32
or Or even modern things00:16:38
we had in Chukotka such an artist He died00:16:43
More precisely he died during the Great00:16:46
Patriotic War defending Leningrad00:16:48
very young he came from a family of00:16:52
hereditary walrus ivory carvers00:16:54
in mine00:17:00
and we are now flying to Elen00:17:08
[music]00:17:17
Elen has the most00:17:20
northeastern village on the territory of00:17:22
our country00:17:24
Yuri Sergeevich was born here These are your00:17:28
native places I Frankly speaking,00:17:31
only imagined William properly00:17:33
after I read your trilogy00:17:36
time of melting snow Yes, I think that you00:17:41
need to tell you about the epic My Motherland is00:17:44
here I was born here rye here The Lagoon00:17:48
is the place of our games here somehow everything is00:17:52
arranged so that real people grow up here00:17:54
We somehow already went out to the00:17:58
Sea Expanse here on that on the side of the spit,00:18:00
everything here is connected since childhood and even said00:18:04
with youth these hills. This is the coast00:18:08
and the people who live here, this is all the00:18:10
Motherland,00:18:14
of course I worry about my land. Where was I00:18:19
born? After all, the Motherland is the Earth that is00:18:21
always with you00:18:23
and when you walk along this shore00:18:25
[music]00:18:31
you see,00:18:37
all of this is naturally deposited in00:18:42
your memory, because you don’t think that this is00:18:45
material for a00:18:47
book, for a song, for a drawing, you00:18:52
don’t think about it, it happens later, it’s00:18:55
already happening, as if apart from you, but here’s00:18:58
the power of the power of creation, the power of creativity,00:19:02
it’s apparently in this earth in the00:19:06
very touch that always00:19:08
excites you Whether you are an artist, a writer or a00:19:13
Chukotka bone carver00:19:17
[music]00:19:29
the art of the peoples of Chukotka, it very much, in00:19:34
its own fresh way, reflects00:19:40
the world around us, and in our own view00:19:45
of the surrounding reality00:19:47
we see, first of all,00:19:51
natural optimism00:19:54
I think what is optimism here without00:19:58
feeling? I would say humor is quite00:20:01
difficult to live here00:20:02
[music]00:20:16
I am well acquainted with the Canadian writer00:20:19
Parlemouette, his books in00:20:23
Canada00:20:26
were published in our country.00:20:29
This is very00:20:32
sad and sad.00:20:36
They depict the lives of people who are00:20:38
literally on the brink of life.00:20:45
But this is a different fate,00:20:51
completely different from the life of the Eskimos00:20:54
and Chukchi of our country.00:20:57
By the way, the00:21:02
Lena artist Elena, the00:21:08
American artist00:21:11
[music]00:21:15
Rockwell Ken, wrote about this in his letters.00:21:16
His paintings, I00:21:22
would say, are not even so much00:21:24
artistic discoveries. Because I am not an00:21:27
art century discovery. the fact that he found the00:21:31
correct relationship between the man of00:21:34
the North and this enormous nature and with00:21:38
all the enormity of nature, man is00:21:41
among these icebergs of the endless ice of the00:21:45
huge sky. He does not get lost, he is still the00:21:48
center of attention in the center of the picture00:21:53
and if you look closely00:21:56
[music] in00:21:57
the paintings by Elakent’s hand you can find a00:22:02
distant similarity with these00:22:05
drawings on walrus tusks with those00:22:09
artistic searches that today are00:22:12
carried out in their workshop on the very edge of the00:22:15
Soviet land and the Lena masters of the00:22:19
bone-carving workshop named after00:22:54
[music]00:23:14
Chukotka graphics on the tusk are a miracle of your00:23:17
Earth, it helps to know the soul of the people,00:23:20
so wrote fateful Kent Zelensky as an00:23:23
artist00:23:26
in the Anadyr Museum contains00:23:29
photographs you just saw graphic00:23:31
works the00:23:34
capital of Chukotka the center of the Chukotka00:23:36
National District of the Magadan Region00:23:39
to get to this city you need to cross the00:23:42
Anadyr Estuary the mouth of the river00:23:47
in comparison with other Chukotka00:23:50
settlements Anadyr is the oldest00:23:53
it is 93 years old And the status of a city and capital00:23:57
was assigned to Anadyr in 1965 year,00:24:04
this city which is connected by its fate00:24:07
with our generation, it grew up with us,00:24:11
it matured with us, and today you00:24:14
will see it as it is today,00:24:17
the city of Anadyr, it is present in many of00:24:20
my books, starting there from my early00:24:23
autobiographical stories and ending with00:24:26
my revolutionary historian A novel00:24:29
which is called the end of permafrost00:24:31
and all these works they seem to00:24:35
complement and create in my case the00:24:39
image that00:24:42
has developed for me and which00:24:44
[music]00:24:47
actually Is it necessary in the form in00:24:51
which it now stands on Chukotka00:24:55
land with its multi-storey buildings He00:24:58
built on the higher bank of the00:25:02
Anadyr estuary But the old Anadyr,00:25:07
which was called Nova Mariinsky Post, it00:25:10
was on this low-lying bank, these00:25:17
shots were taken by the wonderful Finnish00:25:21
ethnographer, historian and writer Sakare00:25:24
Palsi in 1917, he made a great00:25:29
trip to the Far East and00:25:32
Chukotka, as he wrote in his diaries In00:25:35
search of the remains of the Stone Age, the Stone00:25:40
Age in the form in which he was going to00:25:43
find00:25:44
was closed here was not discovered. You00:25:47
see. Here even from a motor boat at00:25:49
that time there were already, but those frames that00:25:52
he took here are truly Unique00:25:56
because they resurrect the point which has00:26:00
already entirely and completely remained the00:26:04
history00:26:07
of the Mariinsky post, it seemed to take the00:26:11
baton of the00:26:12
Anadyr fort founded and00:26:16
built by00:26:19
the associates and with his companions, the seeds of00:26:23
Dezhnev, and this Anadyr00:26:27
Fortress, already called the Mariinsky post,00:26:30
it was mainly inhabited and settled by00:26:34
Russians. But in the vicinity lived the Chukchi00:26:37
who00:26:40
here you see how they lived, how they00:26:45
hunted, one of the00:26:48
hunters shows how they get a00:26:51
dead seal from the sea,00:26:54
shows sakari palsi and life,00:26:59
everyday life, how people hunted,00:27:03
how they caught birds with the help of00:27:08
these devices, but it’s interesting that00:27:11
people didn’t understand Then why is00:27:13
this man turning this machine they00:27:17
were laughing maybe even at him and But00:27:21
look here they are building a yaranga00:27:25
you won’t see such shots anywhere00:27:28
because it’s me who ranks in the one that’s just00:27:31
what Now now it’s time to00:27:34
tune in a long time ago this is no longer in00:27:37
Chukotka And here is the dwelling, the walls of00:27:40
which were made of turf, the roof is made00:27:43
of walrus ivory, here are the women00:27:46
stretching out to dry the walrus guts00:27:50
from which00:27:54
I walked in such a raincoat. This is a very good00:27:57
raincoat, it was durable, waterproof, and this is00:28:04
hard work for a woman in the military. the first to00:28:07
sew these strips of00:28:09
walrus intestines from which you need to00:28:13
sew whole clothes for an adult;00:28:16
in general, the female lot00:28:19
in Chukotka was quite difficult00:28:22
because women kept the whole house,00:28:25
she had to sew clothes, cook00:28:28
food, raise small children,00:28:32
take care of dogs, the main00:28:35
means of transport in those days, well and00:28:39
in those days,00:28:41
my fellow countrymen were also00:28:44
engaged in00:28:46
artistic creativity00:28:48
[music]00:28:54
body legends that they heard from00:28:57
their ancestors and all this is very00:29:01
realistic in a manner00:29:04
that is clear to everyone who00:29:08
loves art, it is understandable to both adults00:29:12
and children, and look with what00:29:15
accuracy what kind of expression is00:29:18
one of the main animals of00:29:21
Chukotka depicted? This is the Walrus and00:29:24
hunting for the margin of00:29:29
food production, it required a person to00:29:32
exert all his strength, so the00:29:35
physical development of a person, his00:29:38
state of health, this was One of the00:29:41
main concerns and sports all sorts of00:29:45
exercises00:29:47
games they00:29:51
[music] of a00:29:57
strong healthy person00:30:02
[music]00:30:03
this is a man who came to Chukotka on the00:30:08
other side from Alaska, health, in00:30:13
general, you also had to have iron ones because00:30:17
such a thing, in order to00:30:23
cut through with a pick to the00:30:25
gold-bearing sand, for this you had to00:30:28
have great strength, but00:30:31
searching for gold is a traditional time in00:30:35
Chukotka in general - then Chukotka gold was not a big discovery.00:30:39
But it was discovered and00:30:43
began to be mined only in Soviet00:30:46
times, and those00:30:49
gold miners who came here from00:30:52
Alaska, everyone until the seventeenth year of the00:30:55
seventeenth year, they had00:30:58
great luck here00:31:00
[music]00:31:14
and now I would like to say00:31:18
a few more words about Anadyr about old00:31:20
Anadyr where in00:31:22
1912 a radio station was built here00:31:25
and in 1917 this00:31:29
radio station spread the news of the Great00:31:32
October Socialist Revolution and00:31:35
later in00:31:38
1919 the same radio station spread the00:31:42
entire the00:31:49
students00:31:52
of the preschool climbed up00:31:54
from there high, it was profitable and the old00:31:58
Anadyr and the new00:32:00
hole00:32:02
we are on the highest bank00:32:12
where the monument stands for00:32:16
only 47 days00:32:30
[music]00:32:31
But even after the Bloody massacre over the00:32:35
first breakthrough, the fire that was lit by00:32:38
Mikhail Mandrikov and his comrades he with00:32:42
such quickly spread throughout00:32:44
Chukotka, it could no longer be00:32:46
stopped, and here in00:32:50
Chukotka, rightly, he considers the beginning of Soviet power to be00:32:57
1919, late autumn, December, the month of these00:33:03
events described by me in the book, the end of00:33:05
permafrost. And in general, the concept of00:33:09
permafrost is a multi-valued concept and, above00:33:12
all, it is00:33:14
the foundation on which it stands the new city of00:33:18
Anadyr is a very treacherous land, and00:33:21
before you build these big00:33:23
houses you need to drive hundreds of piles into the ground, but to00:33:28
grow a tree, even a bush, on00:33:31
this eternal land is all a real feat, and00:33:34
still it becomes green from the planting of00:33:37
such tundra bushes that bring00:33:42
tundra turf and it already covers large00:33:47
areas of land. But the most important thing, of course,00:33:50
is the great joy of beautiful,00:33:52
well-equipped houses, because houses that are00:33:56
warm in the coldest winter are what00:34:00
a person needs. Here, and these are the00:34:03
new Arctic series that are now00:34:06
being built, these are large, well-equipped houses00:34:08
with all the amenities, hot00:34:11
there are electric stoves with cold water and of course00:34:14
this is not the same rank as we saw00:34:17
on the set of sakura palsi00:34:20
Well,00:34:22
one of the main attractions of the00:34:25
city of Anadyr and its decoration is the00:34:28
Anadov Liman itself00:34:34
[music]00:34:45
very often when we talk about the north and00:34:50
about Chukotka we use the word romance00:34:53
Probably this is fair and correct, but00:34:57
perhaps we should not forget, first of all,00:35:01
that this is Labor, labor is very complex,00:35:05
hard, when we were in Chukotka on00:35:11
one of the hottest days When the00:35:13
whale was walking, we visited the state farm named after the 22nd00:35:18
Party Congress to the brigade of Evgeniy Petrovich00:35:22
Uryugin00:35:24
and watched the work of the fishermen00:35:27
[music]00:35:30
Of course, even such hard work may00:35:33
seem like an adventure, but only after00:35:35
this work in general it is serious00:35:39
Harsh hard work00:35:42
[music]00:36:01
Chukotka00:36:03
is washed by00:36:04
2 seas, the00:36:08
Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea and two00:36:12
oceans, the Arctic Ocean and the Pacific00:36:17
Ocean, therefore here are some of the main00:36:21
roads These are the sea roads that run00:36:24
along these picturesque and harsh shores,00:36:31
large ships swim here,00:36:36
or the docks and hydrographics pass here, which is where00:36:40
we are sailing and through the00:36:42
Sinyavin Strait we are sailing to the island of00:36:46
Arakamchin, this is one of the most remarkable00:36:50
islands00:36:51
here here on the Sinyavino Strait, once00:36:54
before the revolution, this island was owned by the00:36:58
famous Shaman Acre, he owned a00:37:02
herd of deer that grazed on the00:37:05
island and he also owned the00:37:10
walruses that now lie on this00:37:16
herd and00:37:19
owns the state farm Udarnik00:37:23
and here is the village that is located opposite the00:37:27
island called Yanara k not What00:37:31
does it mean separate solid land and00:37:36
we are now heading to the Island of the00:37:39
island of crayfish Chechen the self-name of the00:37:44
island of Rakamchachen It00:37:46
has Eskimo roots and now it is00:37:51
already difficult to00:37:54
decipher them because there is a00:37:57
mixture of languages Chukchi cinema00:38:00
many00:38:01
geographical names their meaning is already00:38:05
obscured and great00:38:08
linguistic efforts are needed to decipher them00:38:12
[music]00:38:38
this is such a camp dwelling for reindeer herders,00:38:43
proven over centuries00:38:45
but tested in all the conditions of the Harsh00:38:50
North, and here is Yuri Alexandrovich00:38:52
Look around.00:38:53
Beautiful nature, silence, fresh air, the00:38:57
kids here grow up00:39:00
healthy and strong, by the way, like real00:39:02
reindeer herders, and here Yuri is00:39:07
taking part in the Lithuanian00:39:09
reindeer herders’ training this summer time00:39:12
more or less calm00:39:16
[music]00:39:28
[music]00:39:48
[music]00:39:50
but here we will talk we talked about00:39:54
the weather and here in general the weather speaks00:39:58
contrary to forecasts there it is00:40:02
forecasters there scientists The Arctic is00:40:07
becoming warmer Yuri Aleksandrovich00:40:10
Well, you probably sometimes see tangles on the00:40:13
journey00:40:15
Sinkevich the presenter of this This very good00:40:19
and very interesting program And now00:40:24
all of you will be taken on this journey about00:40:28
traveling throughout our country00:40:33
Well,00:40:35
all this is very interesting, it will be even more00:40:38
interesting if the owners show us00:40:41
how they live00:40:43
in more detail, it00:40:45
will be interesting for us and our00:40:47
TV viewers to get to know each other a little everyday life00:40:53
[music]00:41:00
[music]00:41:04
Hello, you probably notice that here it is mainly00:41:08
women and children, men are now in the reindeer00:41:12
herd, and the herd is already a few00:41:14
kilometers from the camp itself, of course,00:41:18
today’s00:41:20
reindeer herding camp is Despite the00:41:23
fact that here is the yaranga and the tundra,00:41:28
our contemporaries live here The dai yaranga has00:41:31
already been00:41:32
made from modern materials and00:41:36
instead of00:41:38
such an old sled, a00:41:43
baby carriage on wheels. And here the00:41:47
skin for reindeer is already being processed for00:41:53
winter clothes for the reindeer herder, and the skin is processed in such a way00:41:56
that it becomes like silk00:41:58
because in the tundra in winter,00:42:02
to keep warm it is you need to be00:42:08
well dressed, the people of the tundra are very00:42:11
hospitable and whenever you come from00:42:14
where you came from, the first thing they do00:42:17
is try to treat you with the most important00:42:20
wealth00:42:24
the seventies00:42:31
everything is in order00:42:35
Well, until the connection00:42:38
[music] the00:42:45
tundra deer is everything00:42:49
and it’s like life00:42:53
in the tundra revolves around the deer There are00:42:58
herds around the reindeer and the calendar of life of the00:43:01
reindeer herder itself is very closely connected with biology itself,00:43:08
and when spring comes,00:43:13
young fawns are born here, in the summer they mature and grow00:43:19
stronger, and in the fall it’s like00:43:24
harvest time, and it’s precisely at this time that the00:43:28
famous festival of young00:43:31
deer is held, people rejoice in00:43:35
songs and these songs00:43:38
tell about what was done during00:43:43
the year, what people did, and they sing and00:43:48
cheer00:43:51
about those people who better preserved00:43:55
Alina’s livestock and those women who00:43:59
sewed better clothes in these00:44:04
dance movements, as if the00:44:08
essence of those labor movements that are00:44:12
already from ordinary life art is moving00:44:16
from a sports competition00:44:20
and the spectators here, of course, are just as00:44:25
fervently cheering as at any sports00:44:28
competition00:44:29
[music]00:44:36
[applause]00:44:41
[music]00:45:14
and now we are flying to Ratmanov Island,00:45:19
here we are flying over the very eastern00:45:22
tip of the Eurasian continent,00:45:25
arriving over Cape Dezhnev00:45:31
Now you will see a monument to Semenov00:45:34
Dezhnev. In general, Semenov Dezhnev’s discovery of the00:45:37
straits between Chukotka and Alaska00:45:41
remained an unknown world for a long time, and now00:45:45
Vitus Bering and Alexei Chirikov00:45:47
ended the era of great geographical00:45:49
discoveries made by the Russians in the 17-1800:45:52
centuries on the edge of the Aigumena, well, you know that00:45:57
the Aigumena the ancient Greeks called the00:46:00
inhabited earth and so the region, according to their00:46:03
ideas, was the current00:46:06
Black Sea and Centuries passed before00:46:10
this region00:46:11
moved to the very end of the largest00:46:15
Eurasian continent on the planet00:46:18
[music]00:46:28
Ratmanov Island is perhaps the most00:46:32
remarkable place on our entire journey00:46:35
through Chukotka The island is notable for the fact00:46:40
that it is the easternmost point of our00:46:45
country. It is here that the morning of00:46:49
our Motherland begins and the day begins,00:46:54
it arrives 10 hours earlier than in Moscow00:46:59
[music]00:47:06
this pillar is also interesting because the00:47:09
distance is indicated here, let’s say00:47:11
to Moscow00:47:13
6480 kilometers and to Alaska is only 400:47:17
kilometers 160 meters from here00:47:21
Ratmanov Island was named after the00:47:25
senior officer of the sloop Nadezhda who,00:47:29
as you know, took00:47:31
part in the first Russian round-the-world00:47:35
expedition who led the Ruzenshtern00:47:38
but00:47:40
[music]00:47:41
Ratmanov Island This island was00:47:43
named much later than it was00:47:46
discovered and discovered was a very long time ago in00:47:51
the notes of Dezhnev's seeds this00:47:54
island is, or rather, an archipelago of islands, then the00:47:58
first Kamchatka expedition, which00:48:02
took place in00:48:04
1728, discovered one of the islands and called00:48:08
this island Diomede Island since00:48:11
it happened on the day of St. Diomede,00:48:13
then00:48:15
all three islands that were part of this00:48:19
small archipelago were described in detail by a00:48:22
surveyor, this happened00:48:25
during the Second Kamchatka Expedition in00:48:28
1732,00:48:31
but in general, from the point of view of geography, as00:48:35
I already said,00:48:36
these are the Diomede Islands, Ratmanov Island,00:48:42
Kruzenshtern Island and a small Rock, which00:48:45
is located not far from here,00:48:48
Kuzenshtern Island is already the territory of the00:48:50
United States of America. Well, that’s it00:48:53
you wanted to say Yuri Sergeevich00:48:56
This island has been familiar to me since childhood00:48:59
because it stands right on the migration route of00:49:03
walruses. But for Uelen00:49:06
hunters, this is the main main subject00:49:10
of hunting despite the harsh conditions,00:49:13
these islands are full of life in the summer. Now, if you00:49:17
listen to this against the backdrop of the00:49:20
sea surf you can hear someone00:49:23
screaming,00:49:39
of course this is a very remarkable place00:49:43
[music]00:49:59
this is the bayonet of the continents of00:50:02
Asia and America00:50:07
Yes and here We are already in the Western00:50:10
Hemisphere This island is in the00:50:13
western position here is the line00:50:15
of change Yes here at a distance of 4 km 16000:50:18
meters and in within half an hour you00:50:22
can visit yesterday and00:50:24
tomorrow00:50:30
where border guards serve and00:50:33
scientists work. The polar station on00:50:36
Ratman Island is one of the most important for00:50:39
hydrometeorological observations. It is precisely in this00:50:42
area of the00:50:43
Eastern sector of the Arctic because00:50:46
here the Bering Strait connects two00:50:49
oceans and various sea00:50:51
currents meet the directions of ice drift are changing00:50:56
[music]00:51:04
in general, these places have largely not yet been00:51:08
explored and unstudied. When we00:51:12
flew over the Bering Strait, we00:51:15
involuntarily remembered that 30 thousand years00:51:19
ago in these places there were routes of00:51:22
migration of00:51:23
people from Asia to America, maybe then there00:51:29
was no strait and there was a so-called00:51:35
bridge that connected these two continents. Maybe that’s how it00:51:39
was, it remains to00:51:41
be seen00:51:44
[music]00:52:06
well, what else can be said about the roads of Chukotka00:52:10
here they can be very long, they00:52:13
can stretch for a week or a month, the00:52:16
weather here is very changeable Here in the morning00:52:20
holding It was sunny today and00:52:24
now it’s already raining,00:52:27
representatives of many00:52:30
nationalities of many peoples of our00:52:33
country live here. For example, here in the bay of00:52:35
holding a lot of Caucasians live00:52:38
in Anadyr. You notice that there are a lot of00:52:41
Ukrainians there, although there are also Caucasians00:52:45
living there, Uzbeks and Belarusians,00:52:50
and each of them is like if the00:52:53
sun of their homeland brings its sun here, so00:52:57
they seem to add both light and warmth to the00:53:01
stingy Northern Sun, so it’s00:53:04
warm here, so it’s warm here. Friendship is not given by00:53:09
people here, warmth Friendship lights up the fires of the00:53:13
nuclear power plants of Bilibina here,00:53:16
the warmth of Friendship makes you start00:53:19
navigation ahead of time,00:53:21
icebreakers come here the warmth of Friendship00:53:25
literally does miracles,00:53:27
people are real strong people, very00:53:32
friendly00:53:38
[music]00:53:43
our story about Chukotka would be incomplete00:53:46
if we didn’t talk about geologists,00:53:49
you can just say remember and00:53:52
delve into the heaviness of memories where00:53:55
mixed rivers hills under the cold and blood00:53:58
fatigue But the most important feeling00:54:01
feelings of necessary work, these words00:54:04
refer to geologists and were written by the geologist00:54:07
writer Oleg Kuvaev. The00:54:10
industrial development of Chukotka and00:54:12
the construction of many of its cities is00:54:14
primarily associated with the exploration of the subsoil of the Chukotka00:54:17
land.00:54:18
They were the geologists who took the baton of the first00:54:22
Russian navigators, the explorers who00:54:24
discovered the shores of Chukotka, the geologists who00:54:28
discovered this land00:54:31
shi and u this heroic story has00:54:34
its own memorable dates00:54:37
in00:54:39
1932-34, our wonderful geologist,00:54:42
geographer, traveler and talented00:54:46
writer Sergei Vladimirovich Obruchev00:54:50
Now you will see his photograph, he00:54:54
explored Chukotka from an airplane and00:54:58
mapped an area previously almost00:55:00
unexplored he managed to discover and then00:55:03
describe a vast Anadyr plateau00:55:07
the most difficult war for the country00:55:12
1941 geologists discover00:55:15
reserves of tin and gold in Chukotka00:55:18
[music] a00:55:27
huge plateau on the way to the coast here we00:55:31
saw stations00:55:34
here they are called kigurami00:55:39
throughout our expedition00:55:42
the camera was like a sensitive artist recording on00:55:46
film the majestic landscapes of this land00:55:50
landscapes of the short polar summer but behind00:55:54
all this beauty00:55:56
[music]00:56:07
of life all those who settle and develop00:56:13
these lands working engineers geologists doctors00:56:19
[music]00:56:21
everyone for whom these harsh shores00:56:25
[music]00:56:31
[music]00:56:37
we wish you all the best goodbye00:56:40
until next time00:56:50
[music]Description:
Ведущий передачи Юрий Сенкевич и писатель Юрий Рытхэу путешествуют по Чукотке, рассказывают об истории освоения этого края, обычаях и традициях коренных народов. Главная редакция кинопрограмм 1982 Автор сценария - Юрий Рытхэу Автор сценария - Юрий Сенкевич Автор сценария - Галина Лучай Режиссер - Тамара Перегуда Ведущий - Юрий Сенкевич Мы в соцсетях: Яндекс. Дзен - https://dzen.ru/fond Telegram - https://t.me/gosteleradiofond VK - https://vk.com/teleradiofond OK - https://ok.ru/gosteleradiofond ▶️Подписаться на канал "Советские фильмы, спектакли и телепередачи": https://www.youtube.com/@gtrffilms?sub_confirmation=1
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