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In this episode, my guest is Noam Sobel, PhD, professor of neurobiology in the department of brain sciences at the Weizmann Institute of Science. Dr. Sobel explains his lab’s research on the biological mechanisms of smell (“olfaction”) and how sensing odorants and chemicals in our environment impacts human behavior, cognition, social connections, and hormones. He explains how smell is a crucial component of “social sensing” and how we use olfaction when meeting new people to determine things about their physiology and psychology, and he explains how this impacts friendships and romantic partners. He explains how smell influences emotions, hormone levels, memories and the relationship between breathing and autonomic homeostasis. He describes how smell-based screening tests can aid disease diagnosis and explains his lab’s work on digitization of smell — which may soon allow online communication to include “sending of odors” via the internet. Dr. Sobel’s work illustrates how sensitive human olfaction is and how it drives much of our biology and behavior. Thank you to our sponsors AG1 (Athletic Greens): https://athleticgreens.com/huberman ROKA: https://roka.com/huberman Thesis: https://takethesis.com/huberman Helix Sleep: https://go.helixsleep.com/audio-partner/ InsideTracker: https://info.insidetracker.com/huberman Supplements from Momentous https://www.livemomentous.com/huberman Huberman Lab Social & Website Instagram: https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser Twitter: https://twitter.com/hubermanlab Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/andrew-huberman Website: https://www.hubermanlab.com/ Newsletter: https://www.hubermanlab.com/newsletter Dr. Noam Sobel Lab website: https://www.weizmann.ac.il/brain-sciences/worg/ Lab Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser Publications: https://www.weizmann.ac.il/brain-sciences/worg/publications Twitter: https://twitter.com/LabWorg Articles The Age of Olfactory Bulb Neurons in Humans: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627312003418 The Privileged Brain Representation of First Olfactory Associations: https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(09)01857-0?_returnURL=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0960982209018570%3Fshowall%3Dtrue Mechanisms of scent-tracking in humans: https://www.nature.com/articles/nn1819?error=cookies_not_supported&code=b990ba21-2eff-4b7c-8bcf-5a4eee920256 Measuring and Characterizing the Human Nasal Cycle: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0162918 Human non-olfactory cognition phase-locked with inhalation: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-019-0556-z?error=cookies_not_supported&code=090231ab-0451-480c-af7c-b9d7c57b99a5 A social chemosignaling function for human handshaking: https://elifesciences.org/articles/05154 There is chemistry in social chemistry: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abn0154 MHC-dependent mate preferences in humans: https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.1995.0087 An Exteroceptive Block to Pregnancy in the Mouse: https://www.nature.com/articles/184105a0?error=cookies_not_supported&code=7c45793b-ecfb-47f1-89f6-d06e73e9030c Fear-Related Chemosignals Modulate Recognition of Fear in Ambiguous Facial Expressions: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02263.x?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed Sniffing the human body volatile hexadecanal blocks aggression in men but triggers aggression in women: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abg1530 Menstrual Synchrony and Suppression: https://www.nature.com/articles/229244a0?error=cookies_not_supported&code=9f98d034-de47-4a58-a668-d3d4da8d953a Regulation of ovulation by human pheromones: https://www.nature.com/articles/32408?error=cookies_not_supported&code=dcd55919-175a-4055-9f90-ca3a3d34c879 Human Tears Contain a Chemosignal: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1198331 Why Only Humans Shed Emotional Tears: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12110-018-9312-8?error=cookies_not_supported&code=6444d5cd-267d-44cd-94db-94090b90ff57 Revisiting the revisit: added evidence for a social chemosignal in human emotional tears: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02699931.2016.1177488 Increase of tear volume in dogs after reunion with owners is mediated by oxytocin: https://www.cell.com/current-biology/pdf/S0960-9822(22)01132-0.pdf An olfactory self-test effectively screens for COVID-19: https://www.nature.com/articles/s43856-022-00095-7?error=cookies_not_supported&code=0b98c3c5-1d2a-4c56-80e0-c71c6af6c74b Other Resources Joachim Löw video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EOstSv7SrRU Osmo: https://www.osmo.ai/ Odor Space: https://odorspace.weizmann.ac.il Timestamps 00:00:00 Dr. Noam Sobel 00:03:46 Sponsors: ROKA, Thesis, Helix Sleep 00:06:46 Olfaction Circuits (Smell) 00:14:49 Loss & Regeneration of Smell, Illness 00:21:39 Brain Processing of Smell 00:24:40 Smell & Memories 00:27:52 Sponsor: AG1 (Athletic Greens) 00:29:07 Humans & Odor Tracking 00:39:25 The Alternating Nasal Cycle & Autonomic Nervous System 00:48:18 Cognitive Processing & Breathing 00:54:47 Neurodegenerative Diseases & Olfaction 01:00:12 Congenital Anosmia 01:05:01 Sponsor: InsideTracker 01:06:19 Handshaking, Sharing Chemicals & Social Sensing 01:15:07 Smelling Ourselves & Smelling Others 01:22:02 Odors & Romantic Attraction 01:24:58 Vomeronasal Organ, “Bruce Effect” & Miscarriage 01:40:20 Social Chemo-Signals, Fear 01:50:26 Chemo-Signaling, Aggression & Offspring 02:03:57 Menstrual Cycle Synchronization 02:12:11 Sweat, Tears, Emotions & Testosterone 02:27:46 Science Politics 02:37:54 Food Odors & Nutritional Value 02:45:34 Human Perception & Odorant Similarity 02:52:12 Digitizing Smell, COVID-19 & Smell 03:05:50 Medical Diagnostic Future & Olfaction Digitization 03:10:55 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube Feedback, Spotify & Apple Reviews, Sponsors, Momentous, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter Title Card Photo Credit: Mike Blabac - https://www.blabacphoto.com/ Disclaimer: https://www.hubermanlab.com/disclaimer