Pobrać "17 июля 1945 г: Потсдамская конференция - Сталин Трумэн Черчилль - Potsdam Conference: July 17, 1945"

Со времени этой конференции прошло 75 лет. Потсдамская конференция (также Берлинская конференция) — третья и последняя официальная встреча лидеров «большой тройки» — трёх крупнейших держав антигитлеровской коалиции во Второй мировой войне. В конференции участвовали председатель Совета народных комиссаров СССР и председатель Государственного комитета обороны СССР И. В. Сталин, президент США Г. Трумэн, премьер-министры Великобритании У. Черчилль (до 25 июля) и К. Эттли (с 28 июля). Потсдамская конференция состоялась после победы над гитлеровской Германией и в преддверии вступления СССР в войну с Японией для выработки послевоенной программы мира и безопасности в Европе и мире в целом. Конференция проходила с 17 июля по 2 августа 1945 года в непосредственной близости от Берлина, разрушенной столицы поверженной Германии, в городе Потсдаме во дворце Цецилиенхоф. Document of the Potsdam Conference: http://www.revolutionarydemocracy.org The content is as follows: --- The Potsdam Conference (July 17-August 2, 1945) First Sitting July 17, 1945 Churchill: Who is to be chairman at our Conference? Stalin: I propose President Truman of the United States. Churchill: The British delegation supports this proposal. Truman: I accept the chairmanship of this Conference. Let me put before you some of the questions that have accumulated by the time of our meeting and that require urgent examination. We can then discuss the procedure of the Conference. Churchill: We shall have the right to add to the agenda. Truman: One of the most acute problems at present is to set up some kind of mechanism for arranging peace talks. Without it, Europe's economic development will continue to the detriment of the cause of the Allies and the whole world. The experience of the Versailles Conference after the First World War showed that a peace conference can have very many flaws unless it is prepared beforehand by the victor Powers. A peace conference without preliminary preparations takes place in a tense atmosphere of contending sides, which inevitably delays the working out of its decisions. That is why I propose, considering the experience of the Versailles Conference, that we should here and now set up a special Council of Foreign Ministers, consisting of the Ministers of Great Britain, the U.S.S.R., the United States, France and China, that is, the permanent members of the Security Council of the United Nations set up at the San Francisco Conference. This Council of Foreign Ministers for preparing a peace conference should meet as soon as possible after our meeting. It is in this spirit and on these lines that I have drawn up a draft for the setting up of a Council of Foreign Ministers for preparing a peace conference which I now put before you. Churchill: I propose that we refer the matter for consideration to our Foreign Ministers, who will report to us at our next sitting. Stalin: I agree, but I am not quite clear about the participation of China's Foreign Minister in the Council. After all, this is a question of European problems, isn't it? How appropriate is the participation of China's representative Truman: We can discuss this question after the Foreign Ministers report to us. Stalin: All right. Truman: About a Control Council for Germany. This Council should start its work as soon as possible, in accordance with the agreement reached. With that end in view I submit for your consideration a draft containing the principles which, in our opinion, should govern the work of this Control Council. Churchill: I have had no chance to read this document, but I shall read it with full attention and respect, and it then could be discussed. This question is so broad that it should not be referred to the Foreign Ministers, but we should study and discuss it ourselves, and then, if need be, refer it to the Ministers. ... --- Documents: https://www.marxists.org http://www.revolutionarydemocracy.org http://leninism.su/works.html https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/index.htm https://www.marxists.org/russkij/stalin/index.htm http://stalinism.ru Memoirs of Marshal Zhukov (English): https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.110648/page/n1/mode/2up