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wartime, the flow of incoming
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weapons projects increases many times over; people
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strive to help the country and the army; all
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appeals must be considered and given a
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because among the empty breed of illiterate and
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fantastic descriptions, there may be
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ideas or projects suitable for
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implementation in the pre-war and war years
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at every the People's Commissariat there was a department
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where inventions and
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rationalization proposals flocked, today
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we will present a selection of interesting
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projects received by the main auto
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armored department of the Red Army
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Gabtu of the Red Army in 1940 1943
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mountain wedge amphibian passive
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self-propelled equipment should be supplemented by
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small tanks and all-terrain vehicles,
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as well as amphibians armed with wedges
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capable of moving on
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any terrain questionnaire the amphibian
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was supposed to be a high-speed maneuverable
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vehicle with good maneuverability,
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capable of fighting to a certain extent
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even in the mountains and having small
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dimensions to reduce visibility,
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the weapons consisted of four machine guns,
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from the fleet of aviation aircraft. the front
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machine guns were also anti-aircraft
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since they could be raised on an adjustable
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rear machine guns were placed in a
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rotating turret; the horizontal
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sector of fire was 280
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degrees and the vertical was plus or minus 15
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camouflage, it was located at the bottom, and
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as an alternative solution,
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two hatches were provided on the sides of the body; the controls
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were made hermetically sealed like
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other tanks; at the same time,
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a wheel was drawn on the back that serves as a steering wheel; at
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the end, the description said a little more; not
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everything should be shown; calculate
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each detail of the aero separately
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tank destroyer Lebedinsky,
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an interesting project, very detailed,
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with a lot of calculations and
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accompanying drawings, was proposed in the
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spring of 1941 by mechanical engineer
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Lebedinsky from the central
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design bureau number 22 TsKB 22 of the People's
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Commissariat of Ammunition;
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he called his invention an aero
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or aero tank destroyer; it was a
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mixture of an aircraft and wheels on a tracked
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vehicle with a propeller in the front part, the
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amphibian could move on land and water; the
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body was made of all-metal duralumin
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for movement on water; a
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lower keel was provided in front;
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short, fixed wings were mounted in front with a lifting
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force variable for the driver,
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allowing the driver to lift the nose of the vehicle;
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inside the body, it was bulletproof;
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and the armor moved, the structure was mounted on
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wheels on a tracked underway, due to the thrust of the
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propeller, the tracks could be removed from the
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upper part of the hull; a
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driver's cabin was equipped, covered with a visor made of
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bulletproof glass; behind the pilot, a rotating machine-gun turret was made
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from the same material that the
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machine gunner sat; an
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aircraft-type machine gun mount in the turret
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was supposed to be used
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as an air fighter as a reconnaissance
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support vehicle attack aircraft of heights high-speed
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armed boat speed on
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land was supposed to be about 150 kilometers
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per hour on water up to 50 three and a half
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kilometers per hour with a weight of only one and a half
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thousand kilograms for the first project and
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Lebedinsky in May 1941, there
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was a negative review from the Gabtu and the
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offer was rejected. The vehicle did not have
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propeller was not protected from impacts from
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foreign objects and the ground
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was missing; there was no all-round firing from a cannon; it
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was not possible to fire from a
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machine-gun turret
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through the propeller; the tracks had to
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wear out quickly and fall off easily. at high
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speeds it was not possible to regulate the thrust
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force of the propeller in November 1942,
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while being evacuated with TsKB 22 in
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Lebedinsky sent a modified
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aero amphibian project, he provided for
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armoring the machine turret 12 millimeters of the side 11 millimeters of the
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top 8 millimeters
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edna 6 millimeters the propeller was proposed to be
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removed into the skin in towers were installed a 37
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mm Shkas Iparina cannon 7 and
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62 miles meter machine gun to use
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aero amphibians the inventor proposed on the
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flat terrain of Ukraine, Belarus,
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Crimea and the North Caucasus at the right
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moment at high speed to suddenly
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decisively attack the enemy by bringing down
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on him the power of cannon machine gun fire as
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well as attack and mental simplicity
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the design, in the opinion of the author, made it possible
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to organize the production of the invention in a
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short time, after which to concentrate
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several thousand aero amphibians on the decisive sector of the front
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and, together with
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other branches of the army,
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ensure the defeat and demoralization of the
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German armies, the project was rejected
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due to the large dimensions of the weak
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armor, low efficiency with a small diameter
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screw and the inability to conduct
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aimed fire at high speed
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heavy semi-rigid tank in the Tina massif On
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May 16, 1941, from the Leningrad School of
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Instrumental Reconnaissance of Anti-Aircraft
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a letter was sent to the prince’s invention department in which
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the chairman of the school’s commission for
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invention and rationalization sent
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the invention of probably one of
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military engineer of the second rank in the
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Tina massif, he proposed adopting a
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heavy semi-rigid tank consisting of
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hingedly connected to each other. The rotation of the
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tank was carried out by turning the bow.
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One of the advantages
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compared to traditional tanks was
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that the length of the tank did not affect the
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width of the caterpillar track. which means there was no
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need to reduce the internal
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volume; it was possible not to make a dense
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arrangement of internal units and
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weapons; this circumstance, strange as it may
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sound, made it possible to build a
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heavy tank that could overcome water
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regular light amphibious tank; among other
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advantages, better
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maneuverability through obstacles,
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ditches and belongings and powerful weapons were noted almost
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complete protection of the caterpillar; the possibility of
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being used for transporting troops
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under enemy fire; the disadvantage was also
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indicated: low agility in comparison
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with a conventional tank, but this was considered
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insignificant; the armor was supposed to
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protect the tank from the fire of 45-mm
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which in 1941 was quite sufficient; the
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tank’s armament was 2 seventy-
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and 2 forty-five millimeter cannons as
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well as 6 machine guns the thickness of the armor in the
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frontal and side parts would be
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60 millimeters the
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crew would be large 20 people with a length of
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13 and a half meters the tank would weigh 66
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67 tons the review from the Gabtu followed 10
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days before the start of the war and put an end to
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the development; it was noted that the transmission was complex due to
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several caterpillar tracks; the
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complex structure of the hull due to
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the hinges; the ability to overcome
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anti-tank obstacles was worse than
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stated; the prohibitive
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manufacturing price; in addition, it was indicated that this
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type of hull has no advantages not for
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small light medium tanks and even for
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promising heavy tanks weighing 50
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