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0:00

В гостях у Ирины Шихман Евгений Рыбалтовский - зоолог, террариумист, специалист по экзотическим животным

0:50

Самая опасная змея

3:18

Самая безобидная змея

5:30

Что ощущает человек после укуса змеи

8:38

Что нужно делать после укуса змеи

9:28

Как правильно хранить и применять сыворотки

13:10

Чем обусловлена высокая смертность от укусов змей

14:55

Почему змеи кусают человека

17:43

Нужно ли отсасывать укус змеи?

23:00

Как вырабатывается змеиный яд

27:13

Как используется змеиный яд

31:03

Существуют ли синтетические аналоги змеиных ядов

34:57

Страны лидеры по производству змеиных сывороток и ядов

35:42

Про холоднокровность змей

38:00

Как работают органы чувств у змей

40:03

Миф о факире с дудочкой

43:33

О безопасной дистанции при общении со змеями

46:30

О социализации змей, брачном периоде и змеином армрестлинге

50:54

О змеином пенисе и змеином сексе

53:57

Как отличить у змей самку от самца

58:11

Чем питаются змеи

59:57

О гуманном отношении к животным

1:05:56

Повлияет ли глобальное потепление на разнообразие змей

1:07:04

О стремительном вымирании видов фауны

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Channel: А поговорить?

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интервью

шихман

Ирина шихман

интервью дудя

юрий дудь

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дудь

gazlive

газлайв

газлайф

баста интервью

апоговорить

собчак

осторожно собчак

лойк

никита лойк

режик

наука

змея

змеи

гремучая змея

животные

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ядовитые змеи

укус змеи

рыбалтовский

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зооком

zoocom club

домашние животные

ученые против мифов

самая опасная змея

самые опасные змеи

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Evgeniy Rybaltovsky back street terrarium

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specialist in exotic animals

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teacher of the highest

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[music]

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category

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[music]

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there is no most dangerous snake Well okay

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Well there is no most dangerous snake Well,

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please tell me Well, let's As an example, what is more

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dangerous for a

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pedestrian is a Mazda dump truck or a

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bus or an ice skating rink, which is more dangerous if

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you eat which just bites And

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others directly kill to death from the first moment

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any snake that causes death

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when bitten in the vast majority of

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cases can be considered the most dangerous, for

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example, the classic

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bunga snake and the banded krait several

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species living in southeast Asia

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three or four

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absolutely lethal doses for the average

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person in one bite Che Or the

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Australian Taipan 300 absolutely

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lethal doses for the average person

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if you take one dose of Taipan poison

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divided into 300 parts, each of these

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parts will be fatal to a person, that

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is, from one dose you can make 300

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lethal doses Yes, you were bitten by a Taipan What

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will happen to you

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Well, if it is lethal doses, I will die

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for sure you were bitten by a krait He has four

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lethal doses What will happen to you

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too Who is more dangerous, who has 300

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lethal doses or who, if we talk

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entirely about humanity, who has 300

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because more people can be

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killed No no no I think no I think

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if some

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maniac gets it into his head to milk this

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snake, take this poison and use it

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for some unpleasant purposes, of course he

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will receive a much larger number of

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lethal doses, but with normal

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interaction with this snake in a

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natural way, that is when you receive a bite,

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there is no difference for you, right. Which snake

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is the most dangerous, the one whose dose of poison

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corresponds to one hundred percent mortality of

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a person, and no matter how many of these doses

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it has, a king cobra has 20-30

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doses lethal for an average person in one bite.

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What difference does it make who bit me with two

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lethal doses? or with twenty I’ll

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still die well Which is the most

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harmless one that doesn’t have lethal doses

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as many as you like The vast majority of

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snakes are absolutely harmless if we say

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the most harmless Yes blindly snakes a

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huge group of blind snakes they are

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even messing around with us starting from Probably from

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Dagestan to the south of Russia and further Here is the Caucasus

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Transcaucasia are snakes that have the

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appearance of almost an earthworm;

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they are such a tiny genus that they

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feed on ant eggs. So they

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crawl in an anthill, that’s all

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they are, just as small. Well, are there any

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snakes with a size of 10-12 cm? This is a

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snake that is 30 cm But these are

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most often pink, these little

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creatures that try not

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to show themselves on the surface and cannot, with

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all the best desire, that is,

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nothing can force them to cause

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any harm. They are probably the most

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harmless if we are talking about some kind of

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even figurative everyone knows his ear, he

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can cause us trouble. I'm not

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saying that he can harm us in some way,

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but he can

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bite us, that doesn't mean that we will feel

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bad, no, but we will get several thin

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punctures with a few drops of blood,

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we may get scared and and he can

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us to deeply humiliate and deeply insult

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Because when a frightened snake is grabbed

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into the hands, its main way of defense is to

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douse us with its liquid droppings, which

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stink absolutely monstrously, it is a mixture of

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polluting something terrible, we cannot wash ourselves away from

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this, it cannot be called harmless Yes,

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because it can harm us

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some inconveniences Well, the inconvenience is

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disgusting, that is, when you go from the dacha when

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you or from the forest, if you joyfully

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grabbed a snake, especially a water snake, it

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splashes you with liquid And you have nowhere to wash yourself in the forest

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Riding on the train they will look at you

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in general Ew, well, I know what I’m

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talking about

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only I wanted to say have you been bitten by snakes

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of course? Well, what does

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a person feel? Tell me, probably the most

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serious one I had was a viper’s bite, a

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serious bite, it’s so

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bad for a person to be, I can’t describe this

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condition, I can’t say I had a

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headache, my hand hurt No, my hand

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hurt So here it is the only thing that can be

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compared is, you know, wolves for

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twisting the wire Yes, just like that,

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I twist the iron, only they are still

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tired until Red, they twist you through

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these wolves continuously for several hours there,

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I don’t know, eternity, this is the first, this is

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probably what happens to sinners

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after their death, this the first is

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unbearable pain, monstrous The viper

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hurts, well, it’s bearable Well, you won’t sleep for 2 days,

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you’ll walk around in pain, suffer Well,

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nothing here, it’s something incredible and you ca

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n’t say that it’s Bad When your

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whole body falls apart, it’s

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torn into pieces and you don’t understand what’s

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bad It’s so bad It doesn’t happen, you know

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what your description looks like? Yes, it’s like how

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Navalny described his condition after being a

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newbie, maybe. Do you think these are

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similar poisons? I don’t know, I haven’t dealt with

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HIV, but it’s almost impossible to bear. It’s

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very difficult, well, although I personally I was sure

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that nothing bad

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would happen to me I feel my body; it’s one

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thing when a snake hits you. The fact is that

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the snake does not inject all the poison that it

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has at once; it can make 10 or even

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20 bites there; each time the dose decreases,

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but it is there that is, the entire supply is not

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thrown away at once, she saves

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on purpose, yes, of course, but

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when the snake Bert takes prey, she injects

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a large amount of poison there because the prey

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must

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die quickly so that the rat that bites

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Gyurza does not bite her back or does not

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run away. Therefore, when biting

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prey, the maximum is found I had

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a bite when I tore off a big

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good viper from my hand, this is a

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safety precaution and when you are already

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experienced like that, you know, accidents

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happen after the first second year of

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driving. I have been driving like this for the first year,

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but here I know how, and here are the accidents

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similar things happen to all

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Pros precisely at that period when he

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begins to think that he is all very smart,

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very serious and very cool. But

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I had an unpleasant situation when

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I really had to tear off my hand a

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chewing dose of everything possible

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such a gyurza Meter 20 meter 30 very

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large good And what to do then

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the situations are

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different if a viper in our

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region there in the middle zone or in

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general in Russia some kind of snake except the

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viper in Dagestan, we have the viper only in

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Dagestan and then in small quantities in

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There are no really dangerous snakes in Russia, really dangerous.

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But so I went. I went somewhere to

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Australia and let’s go. If you went to

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Australia, then I think you wo

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n’t have to do anything because Australia in general

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is a monstrous Continent. This is the most

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terrible

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Continent.

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Nature has not

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endowed it with any continent. living beautiful living creatures

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with poisons of such strength as in Australia in

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Australia the most poisonous spiders the most

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poisonous snakes everything is all

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serious there Well, that is, it’s like she

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bites I understand that this is a fatal

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bite there is still about two minutes to

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do something about it in fact there is. The fact is

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that after all, serum antidotes

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now exist, we don’t have them. When

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people say, Well, if you go into the forest, you need to

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carry an antidote with you, this again

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is said by people who have simply

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never encountered this, snake catchers did not

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carry serums with them this is impossible,

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whey is a protein product, it is the

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blood serum of the blood of horses, which are

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injected with certain poisons, the venoms of certain

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snakes, and they develop antibodies to them,

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all this is done there for quite a long time, a year

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and a half, the doses are increased, then

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they receive blood from the horses and then the

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serum, and so the serum is stored

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only under certain conditions in very low

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temperatures and for a very limited

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amount of time, it is not stored

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for years. If you took it out of the refrigerator

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and went for a walk in the forest, after half an hour

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this serum is no longer there, it becomes

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dangerous and toxic because the protein

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begins to decompose and you, so to speak, put

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rotten meat in yourself, you can only use it

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take from the refrigerator and yes yes This is the first

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Second obtaining of the serum Well,

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imagine poison - this is a very difficult

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raw material to obtain poison - this is a very

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expensive raw material because you need to wear one type of

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snake or kind of snake because it is clear that there are

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not species-specific ones, there are some kind of

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specific

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serums to catch somewhere somewhere to keep

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people at risk a retinue at risk they

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keep huge farms where

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horses are kept for years they have had this poison, that is,

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serum. In general, such an expensive thing,

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therefore, for example, in Russia,

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except for the serum against viper snakes, we have

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nothing. There is this viper, but also that

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not in every hospital this is in

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some toxicology centers. For

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example, I know that in Leningrad, back in

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the day, all the bites of poisonous snakes were taken

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to the Kuibyshev hospital, only one

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department dealt with this. There

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was no serum anywhere else and Well, it

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will be expensive to store in every hospital the patient

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will not be sick, well, we don’t know, she’s expensive, you

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need to buy her and the expiration date then

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the person didn’t come to throw her away Well, thank God

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But we threw her away, why did we keep her And

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then it starts to get even worse Yes, lovers

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who want to keep exotics Exotics

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become

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available some kind of

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exotic cobras some kind of viper

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exotic some capacious-headed snakes

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rattlesnakes Where is this serum where is the

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serum for rattlesnakes Yes it is in the States,

00:12:36

of course, but it is in the States and it is

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only available in good hospitals and it

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must be administered quickly Even for the bites of

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deadly poisonous snakes there are

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mamba bites, even bunga bites, there are known cases

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when people are saved if this happens

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in the immediate vicinity of the

00:13:00

serum, if the serum is administered after an

00:13:04

hour or more, it almost does not help,

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look, in the world a lot of people die

00:13:12

from snake bites. I looked at the latest

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statistics, it means every year this is

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80,130,000 people, that is, 200-300 people

00:13:19

a day,

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and it’s our own fault, it’s like a snake

00:13:24

attacks from around the corner. And I can

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say that so many people actually

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quite

00:13:31

recently. Well, relatively recently, 100

00:13:34

years

00:13:36

ago it was stated that per year up to

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half a million die

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Wow, but somewhere in the twenties of the last

00:13:46

century, a serum began to be used. So they

00:13:48

came up with it, it began to be used, and

00:13:51

therefore the mortality rate has

00:13:52

significantly decreased significantly. And the main

00:13:55

mortality rate now is in Southeast

00:13:58

Asia, this is Africa, these are some countries in

00:14:02

America, South America, Why in many

00:14:06

countries there in the States, the mortality rate from

00:14:11

poisonous snake bites, in my opinion,

00:14:14

from 30-40 there, about from cases of bites dropped

00:14:20

to one or two

00:14:22

Serum and provision of serum Yes,

00:14:25

various rattlesnake bites are common there, the

00:14:27

bites are enough T so the main

00:14:30

hospitals are

00:14:32

supplied with serum and In addition,

00:14:35

transport links Yes helicopters can quickly

00:14:37

There’s just a medical

00:14:40

helicopter that has everything, they’re right there

00:14:42

on the spot, they’re introducing this business Well,

00:14:45

this is known, but the countries are underdeveloped So

00:14:50

they just differ in mortality from

00:14:54

bites What do they know Who’s to blame wine snakes

00:14:59

are to blame A snake doesn’t just bite the poison -

00:15:03

this is a terribly

00:15:06

valuable compound

00:15:09

that no snake just

00:15:13

gives up. So she needs to produce it in the

00:15:18

Serpentarium, milking of snakes happened

00:15:21

every three weeks. So,

00:15:25

after a good bite, after releasing the poison, the Snake

00:15:28

needs to recover for 3 weeks, so

00:15:32

she has in her head to sit on the path and

00:15:35

wait for the bad tourist to stick his

00:15:37

fangs there in his leg and then lie

00:15:41

under a bush for 3 weeks and recover no no

00:15:44

But we climb on them. They don’t

00:15:48

climb on us. No, they are forced to climb on us sometimes.

00:15:50

Of course, when we built

00:15:53

houses there somewhere on the edge of the forest but they are

00:15:56

coming but they came in by chance by chance They did

00:15:59

n’t want to go there but they went in

00:16:01

because we were there

00:16:03

peasants Southeast Asia they are going

00:16:08

into the forest with mogs they are cutting down this forest she is lying

00:16:12

quietly under a bush at that moment they are

00:16:14

stepping on her tail so that cut down a

00:16:17

neighboring bush with a hoe What is she doing? Well, it’s

00:16:20

clear that this is said by a person

00:16:22

who has only one

00:16:24

Pit, I really know that due to

00:16:29

our own stupidity, nothing more than

00:16:32

we. Well, if we step on the cat’s tail, we

00:16:36

She will treat us like God treats a turtle. Well, that’s how it is.

00:16:39

and so it seems like don’t

00:16:42

touch anything, nothing will happen to the cat, nothing will happen again,

00:16:44

they tell me that’s where

00:16:48

he gives me, instead of statistics, look

00:16:52

around at your friends, how many of them have been

00:16:54

bitten by a viper, too, I’ve found one, I’d like to give

00:16:57

statistics Well, well, friends Well,

00:17:01

really Well, look around

00:17:03

how many of your friends know

00:17:07

I have a huge

00:17:09

number of friends who walk in

00:17:12

nature really walk in nature

00:17:14

Almost none of them were accidentally

00:17:18

bitten by vipers, but so Why

00:17:20

Because we came to them We ourselves are Utahs, we are

00:17:23

crazy naturalists, we saw a viper, I won’t

00:17:26

put it there you can’t touch it with a camera,

00:17:29

but it’s impossible for us,

00:17:31

yes it happens, but there are no random bites,

00:17:34

there are very few of them, it must be, it

00:17:36

must be at all, don’t see the forest, don’t see the forest,

00:17:40

don’t go there, don’t go to someone else’s house, we

00:17:43

’ll tell you how to behave if you’re bitten by a

00:17:45

snake. it squeezes nothing

00:17:48

because although in many books it’s like

00:17:51

squeezing out sucking out nothing

00:17:53

can be done. I asked the most important thing

00:17:55

I always hear is suck off

00:17:59

What does that mean Oh that’s very

00:18:03

correct Well, the laughter begins, this is again

00:18:08

probably Zhenya Timonova asked this topic

00:18:11

and suck off Or don’t suck it,

00:18:13

suck it, of course. This is very useful.

00:18:16

This is very correct. Many

00:18:17

will support me because the

00:18:19

fact is that basically

00:18:22

most poisonous snakes have fairly

00:18:24

short teeth.

00:18:27

These are literally 2-3 mm short

00:18:30

teeth and a certain amount of poison is injected

00:18:34

to this small depth. The poison is very it is

00:18:36

quickly absorbed, but if we immediately

00:18:39

stick to the wound and, together with the blood,

00:18:42

suck out most of this poison, we

00:18:45

will have the consequences of the bite. We will not

00:18:49

remove the absorption of the poison - this is

00:18:51

evolutionarily done so that it flies through

00:18:54

the body, but sometimes we are part of it a little

00:18:57

We can’t remove half of it, which

00:19:00

means the consequences will be

00:19:02

significantly less, there are very good ones, the

00:19:05

only thing the snake catchers used

00:19:08

is some kind of vacuum, even an ordinary

00:19:11

disposable syringe. If you

00:19:13

cut off its nose and apply it to this place,

00:19:16

it means it is sucked out by the piston along with the

00:19:19

blood, this is absolutely correct and the most

00:19:23

this is a reliable primary method of help. And

00:19:25

if there is no syringe with the FM, suction with your

00:19:29

mouth as much as possible. Learn to suction as well as you can.

00:19:34

Forgive me, that’s what you do. Of course, when

00:19:37

we have a scratch, what do we do? We put it in the mouth, well, we

00:19:39

try to lick it. And here the

00:19:41

maximum pressure in the mouth is the tongue is like a

00:19:44

piston and They sucked out as much as possible along with the blood

00:19:47

and then They say it is very

00:19:49

dangerous because you may

00:19:52

have wounds in your mouth and through these wounds the poison of the sun

00:19:54

is sucked and you also have a question I don’t

00:19:57

understand. Well, I mean, here he

00:20:00

listen, the poison acts through the blood, the poison

00:20:03

can be drunk I'm in the stomach it's absolutely

00:20:10

harmless only if it gets into the blood it's

00:20:14

dangerous Wait, well, you cut your finger

00:20:17

what's going on What will happen When you

00:20:19

cut your

00:20:21

finger blood will flow, yes that's right, blood will

00:20:25

flow if you sweat on the wound water will

00:20:29

flow into the blood no no so even if you have

00:20:34

at least 10 There is nothing in the wound in the mouth,

00:20:38

it is not absorbed from the mouth, it flows, that’s why the

00:20:42

worst thing that can happen is that it

00:20:45

could be coagulation of the surface

00:20:47

of these wounds. Well, that’s all, but nevertheless, up to

00:20:51

half of the poison you will remove in this way, and

00:20:53

then you can spit, you don’t have to

00:20:55

spit you can because the saliva already

00:21:00

decomposes this poison and nothing will happen.

00:21:02

And if I remove half of it, then I

00:21:05

save myself hours of life or there is the opportunity

00:21:07

to get to the hospital or whatever. Well, it depends on

00:21:09

what kind of snake Of course, if this snake is again the

00:21:12

same Gyurza

00:21:14

Yeah, on average we take 20 % mortality from a

00:21:19

viper's bite, depending on who, snake catchers have

00:21:22

almost no mortality, this is also very

00:21:24

interesting. And the local residents there in

00:21:28

Turkmenistan in Uzbekistan have an incredibly

00:21:31

high percentage there,

00:21:33

50-60, also this is pure psychology

00:21:36

because snake catchers know 20% mortality.

00:21:41

So most likely

00:21:44

I will survive and worry and the local

00:21:47

grandmother told them if Gyurza bites you,

00:21:50

you will die and they are ready for this, they are

00:21:52

psychologically burying themselves right away,

00:21:54

this is truly a miracle, but we

00:21:56

saw it all, they were bitten there, they died, and the one who

00:21:59

was bitten died, and that’s what we are all biting. At least we can move

00:22:02

on This is

00:22:05

normal, but the mortality rate is 20%. Well, if you

00:22:09

have already

00:22:11

sucked out half of the poison, you already understand that

00:22:14

you have reduced the probability very, very

00:22:16

significantly. This is what

00:22:19

concerns snakes with short teeth. If you

00:22:22

went to Africa and ran into a noisy

00:22:25

viper or a Hans viper record holders

00:22:28

for the length of teeth whose teeth in large

00:22:31

specimens are up to 5 cm Wow, a dark

00:22:36

box is normal and the average size

00:22:39

is 2D with pono,

00:22:41

of course the substance is

00:22:44

injected through a needle and the teeth are

00:22:47

actually a thin needle from a syringe to

00:22:50

such a depth, of course there’s nothing you can

00:22:53

do there, not suck it no, but some

00:22:56

small snakes or with shorter

00:22:58

teeth Yes, this helps a lot Listen, where is

00:23:01

this poison stored, what

00:23:04

produces poison, modified salivary

00:23:07

glands that

00:23:09

are located behind the head at the edges Why

00:23:14

they say it is very easy to distinguish a poisonous

00:23:17

snake from a non-venomous one, a poisonous one has a

00:23:20

triangular head A the non-venomous one has a

00:23:25

rounder, smooth head, this is precisely

00:23:28

due to the fact that in

00:23:31

most venomous snakes the venomous

00:23:33

glands actually create this

00:23:35

triangular head, but this is also not

00:23:40

a way of distinguishing because even the

00:23:42

same snake has a fairly triangular head

00:23:45

if we take some

00:23:48

Megacenter more than A many of the snake asps have a

00:23:52

very small head,

00:23:55

which is generally simply

00:23:56

unnoticeable, a mass of tiny asps

00:24:01

that you don’t even see the neck, the

00:24:05

small head goes into the body,

00:24:07

nevertheless they are deadly poisonous

00:24:09

because the toxicity of the poison there is a

00:24:10

very small dose and the toxicity is terrible, well,

00:24:14

no not a sign no no Well, what do these

00:24:18

glands produce? Why does it take so long, 3

00:24:20

weeks? Well, because this is a complex

00:24:22

protein compound, the most complex protein

00:24:26

compound we have. Well, 3 weeks for complete

00:24:29

recovery, of course, all this

00:24:32

happens faster because a certain

00:24:35

amount begins to be produced

00:24:37

immediately and after a few hours

00:24:40

there is some again in a day

00:24:42

more more

00:24:44

Well, what to compare with Well, for example,

00:24:47

please, the process of reproduction Yes, not a

00:24:49

single male can continuously

00:24:52

participate in the process of reproduction, he

00:24:55

needs the

00:24:56

glands to work, the glands must work, the glands

00:25:01

must work, recover and

00:25:05

gain their product And then here are the

00:25:07

glands the poisonous one is connected to the poisonous

00:25:09

teeth through which there is an injection of

00:25:12

iron and this is a hole right in the tooth. Sorry

00:25:15

Yes, the syringe is a natural syringe. That is,

00:25:17

in fact, we have syringes. We took it from poisonous

00:25:20

snakes, this is a tooth with a hole in the middle,

00:25:24

most of them also have Well, some of

00:25:28

them are such primitive snakes, they don’t

00:25:31

it has reached the syringe yet The tooth has not closed and

00:25:34

therefore there is a groove through which this flows down,

00:25:37

and in most normal

00:25:39

highly developed ones there is a viper

00:25:42

syringe. A needle and an iron with a normal

00:25:46

one with a normal muscle which at the

00:25:48

moment of impact

00:25:51

contracts in some snakes, again

00:25:53

this is well known to snake catchers know those

00:25:55

who are there often Bert records the hands of poisonous snakes

00:25:58

when sometimes it just

00:26:02

disappears in a trickle and some snakes

00:26:05

have adapted they have the most powerful

00:26:07

and powerful muscles that contract this gland

00:26:12

So up to 3 months a stream of poison flies to

00:26:16

get into the

00:26:18

eyes spitting cobras are generally wonderful

00:26:21

creatures on a 3 m

00:26:27

syringe once and clearly into the eyes, well, these are

00:26:31

lovely things, man. Well, not a person, but the

00:26:36

enemy either goes blind or

00:26:39

Well, the locals have developed a very good

00:26:44

method. The fact is that these are mainly

00:26:47

snakes that live in arid

00:26:49

areas and the only way is to

00:26:53

urgently wash your eyes it’s urgent then,

00:26:56

yes Yes, we urgently need to wash our

00:26:59

eyes with liquid. The Bushmen pee in each other’s

00:27:01

eyes because there is no water. And this is the

00:27:03

only way. And this is the only way to

00:27:05

preserve vision. People don’t die

00:27:08

from this. Well, loss of vision generally occurs;

00:27:11

cataracts are very unpleasant

00:27:13

consequences; snake venom in general Is it useful

00:27:17

for what does it treat? Well, firstly,

00:27:21

snake venom treats snake bites, yes,

00:27:24

that’s the first thing. And that’s actually why

00:27:28

he initially started using

00:27:32

serums. Of course, there’s probably an easy

00:27:36

way to give up snake venom, and I

00:27:39

think that the vast majority of

00:27:43

people, well, ordinary people people of normal people,

00:27:48

they are with both hands for And let's destroy

00:27:51

all the snakes and we will be happy and

00:27:53

we don't need this snake venom for serums,

00:27:57

but snake venom is useful not only for

00:28:00

serums in order to escape

00:28:02

from snake bites Yeah, the first thing is

00:28:05

perfumes cosmetics elite perfumes

00:28:08

elite cosmetics always use

00:28:10

snake venoms, but it must be said right away that there are no

00:28:14

analogues to snake venom; we have not yet

00:28:17

been able to. They are so complex that they have

00:28:21

not yet been able to develop any artificial substitutes; many of the

00:28:24

viper venoms expand the pores of the skin and

00:28:27

therefore are very useful;

00:28:28

they have a good effect on the skin; expensive Crimea;

00:28:32

expensive varieties of soap they

00:28:35

most often contain viper vipers, I

00:28:38

speak broadly, these are not ordinary vipers,

00:28:40

but snakes belonging to the viper family, but in

00:28:47

medicine, very few people know that

00:28:51

different snakes have different types of venoms, so

00:28:54

there are preparations based on snake

00:28:57

venoms that, for example, treat hemophilia

00:29:01

can cause blood clotting. And

00:29:06

there are drugs also based on snake

00:29:09

venom, which, on the contrary, dilute blood clots

00:29:12

and make the blood non-coagulable, what in

00:29:16

this case, what in this case, we again,

00:29:19

without even knowing it, use

00:29:21

drugs based on snake venom. What

00:29:23

specific medicines contain

00:29:25

snake venom that well known Well, from

00:29:28

those that we have always had. This is

00:29:30

viprosal, for example, the most, the most

00:29:32

famous is, in my opinion, there are all these

00:29:34

warming ointments that relieve

00:29:36

rheumatic pains and so on. And there is

00:29:38

a story of who and when

00:29:40

first thought of milking a snake and decided,

00:29:45

well, for example, to try and then the successful

00:29:49

use of snake venoms for

00:29:52

diseases such

00:29:54

as epilepsy, for example,

00:29:57

as far as I remember, they

00:30:00

began

00:30:02

at the end of the 19th century, the beginning of the 10th, when

00:30:08

attention was paid to the bite of an

00:30:11

epileptic by a rattlesnake in the States, they

00:30:15

saved him, he survived and suddenly

00:30:19

was forever cured of his terrible illness. It’s

00:30:23

good that They were watching him, so they started

00:30:26

watching They started to develop something Well,

00:30:28

in the end Yes, even such drugs that

00:30:31

relieve epileptic seizures and those

00:30:34

are made on the basis of rattlesnake venom

00:30:38

Well, this is already not bad Yes, we even have

00:30:43

some hypertensive things, even

00:30:46

warming

00:30:48

ointments a lot in Asia it is used there on the

00:30:53

basis of cobra ointment by athletes - they

00:30:56

know this very well, pain in the muscles there are

00:30:59

some kind of tightness, and also this is

00:31:01

all based on snake venoms. I want to say

00:31:05

that for all this time we have no

00:31:07

chemical analogues. Why can’t they

00:31:10

repeat

00:31:11

the most complex ones? Well, the most complex ones compounds are a bunch of

00:31:15

amino acids but it doesn’t work out

00:31:18

natural poisons complex natural poisons are

00:31:20

sometimes so biologically complex that

00:31:23

we don’t even understand what they

00:31:26

consist of and how they are made And in general how

00:31:28

they happen there I just

00:31:32

jumped over again and the

00:31:34

same poison dart frogs are

00:31:37

still considered poisonous in general it is not clear

00:31:39

how they are and why this poison is produced in

00:31:41

nature because as soon as

00:31:43

they are removed from nature or something in nature

00:31:46

changes slightly, the poison either

00:31:49

disappears or weakens or changes its

00:31:52

composition,

00:31:54

everything is complicated in nature everything is connected

00:31:57

How do you think it could be

00:31:58

used as a combat weapon, of course? For

00:32:01

this, let's remember How poison works.

00:32:04

How it acts through the blood

00:32:06

only once it gets into the blood. That is, you

00:32:09

could pick up poison or even dilute dried poison,

00:32:12

approach a person, three of them

00:32:16

hold hands and one sticks it into him

00:32:19

syringe and injects something Well, you can

00:32:21

do the same with a concentrated

00:32:23

solution of salt with calcium chloride With

00:32:25

anything you can, it needs to be injected in a

00:32:29

certain large amount,

00:32:30

shot out of a tube no because there are

00:32:33

very few poisons that should

00:32:37

have such toxicity for there to be To

00:32:39

kill that prickly one from afar there are

00:32:42

much simpler ways you

00:32:44

called it today For example Cowards to smear

00:32:46

some kind of

00:32:48

rubbish Is it worth the hassle to

00:32:51

risk with a snake It’s very hard

00:32:54

very Soak and very difficult Yes you have to

00:32:58

directly stick a needle into a person and pump it up for a long time

00:33:00

that’s why we do it like this if we are not

00:33:03

talking about chemical poisons, it has basically

00:33:04

disappeared. This is in criminology, this

00:33:06

article is like poisoning by natural poisons.

00:33:10

Well, you understand,

00:33:13

people are often

00:33:16

not people,

00:33:19

but representatives of certain structures,

00:33:22

always

00:33:23

suspect the possibility of poisoning with

00:33:27

some kind of biological poison, here we are

00:33:29

all maniacs like that they will go now,

00:33:32

if you allow them to keep

00:33:34

some kind of toads there, poisonous snakes, they

00:33:37

will now poison everyone there.

00:33:40

But they don’t understand very simple things

00:33:44

that any even competent

00:33:47

naturalist is not a biologist, not a zoologist, but simply a

00:33:51

naturalist interested in nature,

00:33:54

Socrates remembers what Socrates we died

00:33:58

that he was supposed to drink don’t

00:34:01

remember. His task was to drink it will

00:34:11

bend in our swamps in our

00:34:14

swamps of the Moscow region of Leningradskaya

00:34:17

in abundance a few drops of juice

00:34:20

are fatal for a person Well guys why are

00:34:23

we talking and now here’s tamme Yes,

00:34:27

it doesn’t grow everywhere here you have to come up with

00:34:30

exotic ways, forget

00:34:32

about it, I just want to remind you

00:34:35

that the one who needs this, who needs to do

00:34:38

some nasty, bad thing, he does

00:34:41

n’t need knives, he doesn’t need machine guns, he

00:34:43

can stick a fountain pen in your eye and

00:34:45

go go further That’s it well, yes, therefore,

00:34:49

theoretical use in

00:34:52

some kind of combat, you can do anything a

00:34:55

chair leg a chair leg which countries are

00:34:58

today the leaders in the production of this

00:35:00

medical snake venom, apparently

00:35:03

Brazil still holds it.

00:35:05

Oddly enough, because back in the 10th century it was

00:35:08

created there the largest Serpentarium in the world,

00:35:11

bu tantan, the largest Serpentarium,

00:35:13

which is still in operation and which

00:35:16

receives snakes there before, simply from all over

00:35:19

the world, for the production of various

00:35:21

serums, there and Brazil. It’s strange that it’s not

00:35:24

Australia, but nevertheless,

00:35:27

but no, it’s the Leader. I just think that if

00:35:30

we compare the population of Australia and

00:35:33

Brazil Australia will lose for sure,

00:35:36

so maybe it’s enough for them to have a

00:35:38

small one to provide for

00:35:41

their own, let’s explain what they are

00:35:44

cold-blooded, what cold blood they

00:35:47

have, they really have cold blood, their

00:35:49

body temperature depends on the temperature of

00:35:52

the environment, because

00:35:55

only those who feed can regulate

00:35:59

their own temperature regardless of

00:36:01

the environment Yes, it’s -40 outside But we

00:36:04

still have ours 36 until it

00:36:11

cools down cold-blooded animals - this is The

00:36:13

vast majority of animals on

00:36:15

the planet are amphibians, reptiles, fish,

00:36:18

invertebrates, all mollusks, their

00:36:23

history is much more than ours,

00:36:27

our warm-bloodedness allows us to live

00:36:30

Practically everywhere If the street is zero or

00:36:33

-40 like in Chukotka, we can live there, but

00:36:37

this is the opposite minus that they are

00:36:38

cold-blooded - this is a minus They are

00:36:40

limited only to warm regions

00:36:43

because metabolism can

00:36:46

only occur at fairly high

00:36:48

temperatures and therefore in the north and in

00:36:51

Russia in in particular, there are so few

00:36:53

cold-blooded animals, at the same time,

00:36:55

tropical countries abound in them Yeah, they

00:36:58

need warmth and what happens if it

00:37:01

gets into the cold, the snake's metabolism slows down,

00:37:04

we gradually gradually fall asleep fall asleep

00:37:06

fall asleep and turn off there are snakes

00:37:11

that hibernate Tue Yes, of course, when their

00:37:14

hibernation is like that of bears it’s you Well, the whole

00:37:17

cold season, again, the temperature is below

00:37:20

plus 15 there, well, roughly speaking, it’s

00:37:25

already cold for our snakes. Here they are mountain vipers

00:37:29

that live at an altitude of 2000 m. They are

00:37:32

generally active for d-th months of

00:37:35

the year, the rest of the time they

00:37:37

sleep. I also want such a job, class

00:37:40

Well, that’s work, and they

00:37:42

live like this for tropical snakes of some

00:37:47

high temperature 15 - this is already

00:37:49

very, very low,

00:37:52

for them to function they need

00:37:55

22 8 30 And ours another 15 endure

00:37:59

adapted where snakes

00:38:02

live in on the grass on the tree they live everywhere

00:38:06

in the water and in the water and even in the sea and even in the

00:38:09

sea there are even sea snakes that are very

00:38:11

poisonous, very, very only they,

00:38:13

fortunately, practically do not bite, but

00:38:16

there is a place where you will never find it there is it

00:38:19

there where it’s cold

00:38:22

where there’s permafrost, there’s never

00:38:25

anything, reptiles never live there

00:38:28

And so they really live everywhere But

00:38:30

the warmer it is, the more snakes they

00:38:35

see see with their eyes, most snakes

00:38:38

still don’t see very well they don’t

00:38:41

see tens of meters away we therefore,

00:38:44

many snakes often see a raid on them, it’s

00:38:48

generally very funny because we

00:38:51

can’t even imagine many have

00:38:53

rubbed organs and see in general in infrared,

00:38:57

this is how these lidars, as they are called, are

00:38:59

now being made by drones, they are also a

00:39:02

solidary cloud, yes, yes, in

00:39:06

infrared light please sees That

00:39:08

is, it can be absolutely complete

00:39:11

darkness, but she sees us and already these

00:39:13

pictures Yes, they actually exist Yes,

00:39:26

in our understanding The fact is that they

00:39:30

don’t have ears, and there are no holes for the ears vibration

00:39:34

vibrations only vibrations Yes, that’s

00:39:37

hearing - this is what is happening. Why did

00:39:40

I say that we can run into a

00:39:42

snake there while moving in our forests through

00:39:45

swampy areas where there is moss,

00:39:47

there are no vibrations, they are muffled by the vibrations and the

00:39:49

Snake does not have time to hear us. And when we

00:39:52

move on rocky or dense

00:39:54

soil, we most often see a snake That’s why

00:39:57

they say a snake lives in a swamp in a swamp they

00:40:00

see it very often She doesn’t hear us

00:40:03

Let’s debunk the biggest myth about the

00:40:05

cobra That is, if they don’t hear then the

00:40:08

Fakir with a pipe is all

00:40:11

profanity of course Why does she get up

00:40:14

Well, it’s all very simple I did in my time worked a lot

00:40:17

at the queen's outpost in

00:40:19

Turkmenistan, the border guards live quite boringly

00:40:22

Well, they have mountains around and the outpost is

00:40:24

small and that's all, they are

00:40:27

entertained by cobras

00:40:29

[music]

00:40:36

shake out no everything, not only after the

00:40:39

locals, run there who are coming out of a wound,

00:40:41

that's

00:40:43

what pipe Why blow it

00:40:46

enough hands enough cap it doesn’t matter

00:40:50

what any object Well Cobra sees who

00:40:54

she sees the enemy Uh-huh Well the enemy who

00:40:58

doesn’t know at all what will

00:40:59

do now Her task is to prepare for an attack and

00:41:03

this is absolutely normal she gets up in a

00:41:06

warning position first and says

00:41:09

if you’re going to climb then I will bite you and

00:41:12

normal Fakir snake catcher It doesn’t matter who he is, he

00:41:16

knows perfectly well the distance to which he

00:41:19

can bring his hand or pipe. You

00:41:23

must evaluate this distance and know

00:41:26

that she is continuously monitoring a moving

00:41:30

object in order not to miss the moment when

00:41:33

this object attacks her and have time to

00:41:36

fight back that's all, here's a pipe for you,

00:41:38

what difference does it make what it will be, it

00:41:41

will be I don't know doll Masha Let it

00:41:43

be doll Masha I'm still thinking

00:41:45

about all those Sorry tourists who

00:41:49

Well, they're all watching, but she

00:41:52

can rush into the first place at any moment

00:41:54

-first,

00:41:59

she looks at the fakir’s pipe, the pipe is

00:42:03

bright, it’s wide, it’s big, it’s

00:42:06

painted, it’s like that, it moves in front of her

00:42:08

and she stops paying

00:42:11

attention to objects further away,

00:42:13

we’ll figure this out and then

00:42:15

we’ll continue to think, so this is the first thing. It’s

00:42:19

clear If the Tourist falls on his face there

00:42:22

in front of the pipe Well, of course, something about IT,

00:42:26

this is the first

00:42:28

second, most often the fakirs are exaggerated

00:42:34

because most often it’s a Cobra. I also

00:42:37

observed this, either with their mouths sewn up, they

00:42:40

simply sew up their mouth with threads or with their

00:42:42

teeth pulled out.

00:42:44

But sometimes I don’t know how it used to be now

00:42:49

there were real fakirs and they were very much

00:42:53

valued and respected, but in my opinion

00:42:57

the Americans conducted such a study

00:43:00

for, in my opinion, something like 15 or 20

00:43:03

years, they observed

00:43:06

twenty fakirs working in India

00:43:09

working with real snakes, which means they

00:43:12

survived for 20 years one, everyone

00:43:16

else died from bites. That is,

00:43:19

no matter what kind of fakirs you are, a biological

00:43:21

object is a biological object. This is

00:43:24

in the sixties, seventies, back in the

00:43:28

last century. The Americans there

00:43:30

tracked the fates of real

00:43:33

snake charmers working honestly. I once

00:43:36

attended a

00:43:37

master class on

00:43:39

documentaries, wonderful

00:43:41

documentarian Marina Razbezhkina A And she

00:43:44

uses it Well, like interview lessons and

00:43:47

when you follow the hero for a long time with a

00:43:49

camera and she talks about the circle of the Snake, this is the

00:43:53

moment the hero lets you

00:43:55

closer, come closer and there is that Circle of the Snake

00:43:58

when here you can and then Everything will already

00:44:00

bite; the snake really has a Circle.

00:44:04

Well, you have such a concept;

00:44:08

every living creature has a safe

00:44:11

distance. But

00:44:14

you understand this, yes, every person has its

00:44:18

own; there are people who

00:44:21

feel comfortable when you are at a distance of 3

00:44:24

m and there are people who

00:44:27

talk into your mouth like that, these are terrible people

00:44:30

with any snake, the same thing happens, you

00:44:33

notice this when everything is bent. As

00:44:36

you can see, well, you can see it even in your eyes,

00:44:40

well, that’s true too. How do you know

00:44:44

what’s there now? it’s such a time and

00:44:46

she’s in such a mood, well, I don’t know, I

00:44:49

see it, it’s visible, it’s

00:44:52

probably easier to explain to people, we know a

00:44:54

cat who’s been in the family all his life, you’ve

00:44:58

known him there since his and your childhood, you

00:45:01

grew up with him, you come home, you

00:45:04

you know very well that somehow he’s

00:45:06

not in a good mood today Yes, and you don’t need anything, but as you

00:45:09

see it, he sneaked around, like Vasya had

00:45:13

something there, or Vasya [ __ ] somewhere in the

00:45:15

corner. We know this, exactly the same thing

00:45:18

when you communicate with any living

00:45:21

creature plastic position

00:45:24

those

00:45:26

expression d What is the expression of the eyes of the snake

00:45:29

Yes, the same as ours, can you imagine the snake

00:45:31

is looking at us what is the expression of the eyes the nose

00:45:35

sticks out some kind of horror Well,

00:45:38

you get used to any creature the snakes looked at you with

00:45:41

loving eyes Probably not no no,

00:45:45

they get used to a person, but they do

00:45:51

n’t have

00:45:54

a lot of people, they really

00:45:57

get used to it well, but that’s what’s on their hands. I

00:46:00

mean, they remember the person, of course, of course they

00:46:03

know the smell, they know the type of

00:46:05

movements, and I have more than once encountered the fact

00:46:09

that the person they know is the owner who is

00:46:13

behind them looks after constantly feeds

00:46:15

cleans they know him perfectly well at the same time

00:46:18

they show aggression when

00:46:22

someone else approaches Yes of course It’s amazing there’s a

00:46:26

snake there a very sensitive creature there the

00:46:28

smell from very, very far feels like

00:46:31

snakes communicate snakes communicate very little

00:46:33

they are loners They don’t need communication of any

00:46:36

company there is nothing there is nothing And

00:46:41

there are not even any methods of driven hunting

00:46:45

because the snake

00:46:46

swallows the prey whole, the

00:46:51

oral apparatus is always designed in such a way

00:46:53

that we cannot bite off any pieces,

00:46:56

so the point of

00:46:58

any

00:47:00

kind of social support is lost,

00:47:04

we cannot drive large

00:47:06

prey together and then tear off a piece of it for yourself

00:47:09

no it’s impossible snakes have no desire

00:47:13

to communicate except during the breeding season

00:47:17

then well, basically it’s all the smell of

00:47:24

hissing

00:47:29

and hissing and snakes in general don’t hear the

00:47:32

hissing hissing they hiss

00:47:35

warning us they communicate with us like

00:47:38

hissing - this is exclusively a threat and a

00:47:41

warning to the enemy, and just

00:47:45

like tapping with its tail, rattlesnakes

00:47:49

have

00:47:54

a rattle there, other snakes simply tap their tails on the

00:47:57

ground, this is exclusively

00:48:00

for us. And for each other they

00:48:03

don’t have any sounds at all, so well,

00:48:07

they are very well oriented by smell

00:48:10

there is a breeding season, a

00:48:12

female smells of a breeding season, even a

00:48:15

person in certain situations, and then his nose

00:48:18

is sharp, he doesn’t feel anything,

00:48:20

but men like that come

00:48:24

in, he doesn’t have the same level of smell as an

00:48:30

animal, but his brain turns on. He

00:48:33

doesn’t understand what happened, but he’s like, Oops, and

00:48:35

there’s a clear trace They see it like,

00:48:38

here we are, they are following this trail. And

00:48:41

where does it come from? The female gives off this smell.

00:48:44

I think that of course these are the anal glands,

00:48:46

first of all, because there the males

00:48:48

often mark the territory.

00:49:10

Yes, this is something, this is when the males rise to the floor

00:49:13

of the body and wrap around each other,

00:49:15

the task is to knock it down and press it to the Earth, yes,

00:49:19

yes, this is pure,

00:49:22

Arren, there are such vei there, how many dozens

00:49:26

can participate in such things,

00:49:28

and the female at this moment, where is the female at this

00:49:30

moment nearby somewhere somewhere then

00:49:34

catch up she can go about her business

00:49:37

but they will catch up with her No she is not sick like a

00:49:40

female black grouse for example

00:49:42

there yes such Oh this guy no In

00:49:46

general they somehow have a calm relationship

00:49:48

who will catch up with whoever

00:49:50

[ music]

00:49:54

push back there for several hours crawling

00:49:57

Of course, in hope yes yes yes yes and

00:50:01

moreover, I can say that for example I

00:50:04

have seen situations there, well, in the tropics for

00:50:08

catching when we find a female of some

00:50:12

species. Here she is sitting here or

00:50:14

crawls Here we catch her We look Yes, the

00:50:17

female the next night we see a male at this place

00:50:20

who makes these

00:50:23

circles He didn’t understand, he followed the trail, he

00:50:26

sniffed and then he doesn’t understand where it

00:50:31

went, we picked her up The trail was interrupted, he

00:50:34

walks in circles stupidly here at this point we are

00:50:37

talking here he is another dear Yes,

00:50:40

she passed this road, marked the road and along

00:50:42

this road I don’t know there, maybe along

00:50:45

there we approached there, maybe he

00:50:48

was the third fourth, maybe those who

00:50:50

walked were like They were tired of them, they already

00:50:52

left me I don’t know how they have intercourse Oh, it’s an

00:50:56

interesting question, it’s elementary, like

00:50:59

everything that’s inserted into. Excuse me, but do you

00:51:03

think there’s a concept of gigi penises,

00:51:08

first of all, now now the girls will say about

00:51:11

the priests, how lucky they are, first of all, snakes have

00:51:13

two heme penises, two two penises, second

00:51:17

Many species of heme have double penises and

00:51:22

look like this, it’s something simple. That is, it’s

00:51:27

really such a luxury

00:51:29

that mating happens. Well, there’s

00:51:32

one or the other male. Clearly, he can

00:51:34

mate several

00:51:35

times at a certain moment, an absolutely amazing thing comes out of the cavity in the

00:51:40

tail, amazing,

00:51:43

amazing and in the female

00:51:48

This is only

00:51:49

for the

00:51:51

Prominent Person, there is nothing,

00:51:54

everything is just a brush, it is

00:51:58

designed so that when crawling

00:52:00

through the sand on the grass, nothing gets

00:52:02

clogged anywhere, everything is covered and everything is closed, but

00:52:05

at the right moment everything opens. And what

00:52:08

size are these large enough e

00:52:11

cumulative organs are really big at the

00:52:14

same time

00:52:15

and they look very interesting

00:52:18

because many species have them And also with

00:52:23

curved spikes,

00:52:25

that is, I understand where all the porn toys come from.

00:52:30

Forgive me, forgive me, in

00:52:33

general, I’m not an expert in support toys;

00:52:35

I won’t say anything about spikes. Maybe,

00:52:39

maybe they are like that, but somehow,

00:52:43

perhaps next time I’ll come to you to

00:52:45

interview you for another one. I’m just already

00:52:48

weak with the report about

00:52:51

pornography. Well, not bad. Yes, that’s the case. Yes, there are

00:52:56

situations, the task of the

00:53:00

male is so that the female does not run away,

00:53:03

so he the hemiteconyx is fixed there

00:53:22

in different species in different ways then All this is

00:53:25

luxurious,

00:53:40

maybe there is still something to

00:53:54

learn [music]

00:53:57

in principle, how do you

00:54:06

[music] [applause]

00:54:13

differ inside the tail, respectively, the

00:54:16

tail is thicker in males because

00:54:19

their property is stored there And I will determine

00:54:23

I think that no, for this you need to get

00:54:27

an eye, you need to understand, you need to have some experience

00:54:32

because you just take the first

00:54:34

snake you come across and look and say,

00:54:37

What kind of tail is this shorter or longer,

00:54:41

thicker or thinner with Yes, you understand, that is,

00:54:44

people who have some experience

00:54:47

understand Yes in principle, in most

00:54:51

cases there are ways now, too, everyone

00:54:53

will say, God, what a horror it is to squeeze out

00:54:55

penises, for example. They are in a cavity,

00:54:59

and if you have experience and you understand

00:55:02

how not to crush this delicate organ, but

00:55:06

to force it to move out, then

00:55:08

you will determine the male. Yeah, this is a male.

00:55:11

we advanced his genis, and this and

00:55:14

here it doesn’t work out, most likely it’s a female

00:55:17

What their

00:55:18

pregnancy looks like Snake and Snake are only a

00:55:20

little thicker if

00:55:24

you lift x sometimes you can even see the eggs just a

00:55:26

little bit, again you can feel there

00:55:30

sometimes even Yeah, that’s the number of eggs

00:55:32

How many at a time does

00:55:36

anyone have a reticulated python with a large one,

00:55:39

for example, it is known Wow, and some species

00:55:44

there give birth to a large number of cubs, they are very different,

00:55:48

they also hatch them,

00:55:51

no they hatch them, and again, there are eggs of

00:55:55

viviparity. That is, what people simply

00:55:58

call viviparity, she gives birth living

00:56:00

cubs No, she lays eggs at the

00:56:03

hatching stage, that is, the eggs

00:56:06

are stored in the mother’s body until the

00:56:08

cubs hatch,

00:56:11

there is no connection with the body like placentals,

00:56:13

so these are viviparity eggs, the mother has

00:56:15

an incubator, in fact, this is very convenient

00:56:18

because Well, especially in cold

00:56:21

climates, for example, or in places where there are many

00:56:24

predators,

00:56:26

the sun hunting within itself Looked out, she

00:56:30

went, Yeah, the temperature lay sideways,

00:56:32

warmed up, eggs, warmed up, the cubs

00:56:35

develop, basically, after all,

00:56:38

these are

00:56:40

oviparous creatures that lay eggs and

00:56:43

then go about their

00:56:45

business, there are several some groups of

00:56:50

let’s say snakes that can take care

00:56:53

of their sweat

00:56:55

we have the same king cobra, it is

00:56:58

unique, it makes a nest, the female

00:57:02

collects leaves in her circles, and in a

00:57:05

rather large pile, the wet leaves

00:57:10

fly away, it turns out to be a kind of incubator Well,

00:57:12

many animals use such

00:57:14

incubators, the king cobra is probably

00:57:16

the only one that makes a nest, I lay

00:57:19

eggs there and guard this nest.

00:57:23

aggressively when there were more cobras they were

00:57:26

afraid to go into the forest during the breeding season

00:57:28

because the Cobra attacks anyone

00:57:31

approaching

00:57:32

the nest, the

00:57:34

cubs hatched, we do

00:57:37

n’t know about them, that is, they don’t have

00:57:39

any maternal instinct and are

00:57:43

completely unique. These are pythons that not only

00:57:47

protect the clutch, they they incubate the clutch and

00:57:51

they incubate the

00:57:54

snakes, which are able to raise their body temperature,

00:57:57

they make sharp muscle contractions and

00:58:00

thus raise the temperature by 6

00:58:03

or even 88° against the surroundings and, in fact, the

00:58:07

clutch is also incubated in this way, the children hatched,

00:58:09

goodbye, we don’t know what

00:58:12

snakes eat, everyone in general yes, there are snakes that

00:58:16

feed on ant eggs, there are snakes

00:58:19

that feed exclusively on frog eggs,

00:58:21

there are snakes that feed on

00:58:25

birds,

00:58:26

mammals of any kind, there are snakes

00:58:29

that feed on sea urchins

00:58:31

exclusively, and

00:58:33

sea urchins are also amazingly spiny. What can you do with it?

00:58:36

So they have

00:58:38

adapted; the urchin is digested and the needles

00:58:42

They pierce the snake and fall out. Try

00:58:45

to eat. That's

00:58:47

it, God, you have to really want to eat,

00:58:51

but they probably endure it for a long time, then they say the

00:58:53

devil of the sea. Yes, of course. Stunned,

00:58:57

of course you understand. And so to everyone. Yes, everything that is

00:59:00

there that feeds

00:59:02

exclusively on some kind of

00:59:04

snails is

00:59:06

adapted even in shape, uh

00:59:10

evolutionarily, the shape of the jaws is made in such a way

00:59:14

that the lower jaw is inserted into

00:59:16

the shell and pulled out from there.

00:59:19

This snake cannot eat anything else, that is, the

00:59:21

picture that you remember in the little

00:59:23

prince. This hat or the snake inside the

00:59:27

layer is yes, we swallow whole,

00:59:30

we don’t know any other way. she may have problems

00:59:33

with digestion, of course everyone does. She's

00:59:36

alive, of course, if she eats an elephant, anyone will get

00:59:40

digestive problems, especially since

00:59:43

you saw this picture there, the boa constrictor

00:59:46

really looks like a hat, go

00:59:49

figure.

00:59:57

Let's talk about your former job, that

01:00:00

's right, it was called

01:00:02

a herpetologist. Well in general, a herpetologist

01:00:06

herpetologist no It was

01:00:08

called incorrectly The fact is that

01:00:11

herpetology

01:00:13

a herpetologist is a person

01:00:16

who studies

01:00:18

it, he can sit at a microscope and

01:00:21

conduct scientific research on the

01:00:25

genetics of snakes, there is something there, and the one who

01:00:29

works with living snakes is still not

01:00:33

a herpetologist, he is either a terrariumist either

01:00:37

when he keeps it in a terrarium or a

01:00:40

snake catcher if he travels, I’m probably

01:00:43

a terrariumist, I spent several years

01:00:46

developing the

01:00:48

breeding of poisonous snakes of the Union in order

01:00:51

to no longer catch them in the wild, we

01:00:55

came up with a technique, we did everything, we learned how to

01:00:58

breed viper, we could put it there,

01:01:01

please, here’s a

01:01:02

plant for production of viper,

01:01:05

growing and obtaining poison right inside,

01:01:08

take it from nature once and don’t

01:01:10

touch it again, everything will work inside

01:01:13

How much does it all correlate with a

01:01:17

kind attitude towards animals Yes, it was

01:01:19

n’t tested on animals today, it’s a

01:01:21

whole Fashion, it lasts, that’s what Well it’s

01:01:25

like when we milk a snake

01:01:29

half to death and well, it’s like this is animal violence. That’s exactly why that’s why

01:01:36

I had a dream of

01:01:38

creating a

01:01:41

closed-circuit Serpentarium methodology so that we don’t have to

01:01:44

catch them anymore in nature so that they Well, we a

01:01:47

hen is like a farm animal,

01:01:51

we say Well, a hen and a hen And in the same way,

01:01:53

once a certain number of

01:01:56

snakes are caught and they are no longer

01:01:58

touched. Let them live well, but

01:02:01

here we are working internally with

01:02:04

agricultural ones, with those born in

01:02:06

captivity and those who continue to be born in captivity.

01:02:09

By the way, you tell me gave me an idea: When

01:02:11

you come to the zoo in the terrarium

01:02:13

and you look at these snakes in this in this little

01:02:17

capsule, I know how to say it and it seems that

01:02:20

they are wildly bored. So I’ll tell you something

01:02:24

interesting.

01:02:26

In general, snakes are wonderful creatures,

01:02:30

but they are also very primitive creatures.

01:02:34

And when you You observe snakes in nature,

01:02:38

well, if you don’t catch them there, then it often

01:02:42

happens that you see the same viper

01:02:46

or the same boa constrictor on the

01:02:49

same branch for weeks every day, he is

01:02:53

always there because this place is

01:02:56

comfortable for him. That is, he himself is in his

01:02:58

terrarium, there are simply no walls, it’s convenient,

01:03:02

it’s good, from time to time a

01:03:04

mouse runs by or a bird sits on this branch,

01:03:07

we eat it and hang on.

01:03:11

The time comes, we are forced to get off this stone

01:03:14

or from this branch because we have to

01:03:16

go look for it a female It’s very inconvenient But

01:03:19

I have to And so I hang again, again,

01:03:23

how

01:03:25

can you spit at me and throw stones

01:03:28

I don’t understand the

01:03:30

concept of a good attitude towards an animal

01:03:34

Yes, a humane attitude Why have I been

01:03:38

with animals all my life? Animals perceive me very well, just

01:03:43

go to the channel and watch how they

01:03:46

treat me I do not recognize unjustified

01:03:51

cruelty towards animals,

01:03:53

I repeat, it

01:03:55

is unjustified, this is categorically impossible to

01:03:57

do, but I am always dominated by

01:04:03

the understanding of the species, not the individual, but the species, any

01:04:08

normal platoon commander Yeah, in war,

01:04:12

he has the task of sacrificing one

01:04:15

person who can save the platoon, he

01:04:17

doesn’t maybe he feels very sorry for this, it’s inhumane and the

01:04:20

whole platoon dies and 12

01:04:23

people die because he felt sorry for him. He

01:04:26

thought, what about me? I’ll write a letter to my mother,

01:04:29

he’s dead, I sent him there to

01:04:32

clear mines, he clearly

01:04:34

exploded, so I understand the concept of the species, so

01:04:38

we must preserve the species and in a situation

01:04:43

where we say, under no circumstances should you

01:04:46

work with this animal. Or maybe

01:04:49

he will feel bad, again, first of all, we did

01:04:52

n’t ask him about this, but maybe

01:04:54

this will make him feel good. Yes, he sits in the terrarium,

01:04:57

warm, and he feels great and safe but

01:05:00

if we don’t do this, then they will

01:05:03

die out, well, that’s really the situation now,

01:05:10

so what happens in the world

01:05:14

is often

01:05:17

and people don’t understand how hypocritical

01:05:20

they are about the concept of humane

01:05:24

treatment

01:05:26

Yeah, people who don’t work with

01:05:29

animals, who don’t understand animals, who don’t

01:05:34

see the real situation with animals but

01:05:38

taking upon themselves the right to judge

01:05:43

humanity, again, what is humanity,

01:05:45

yes guys, we should save the planet and not

01:05:48

say I feel sorry for this kitten and everything

01:05:50

else doesn’t bother me at all, no, I

01:05:53

should worry about something else. What do you think

01:05:56

Global warming will influence on the fact that

01:05:59

snakes will become more and they will become

01:06:01

more diverse No, of course why Yes, they

01:06:05

will not have time to become either more or more

01:06:07

diverse because you understand this,

01:06:10

this is hundreds of thousands of years, evolution has been going on for hundreds of

01:06:13

thousands and millions of years, but it’s not

01:06:17

you, not

01:06:21

99,999 people who understand what’s happening

01:06:25

now, no one will have time to become any more

01:06:28

no more diverse this is me I just

01:06:30

released a film about it But after Thousands

01:06:32

of years

01:06:34

uh Well, global cooling Global

01:06:39

warming uh any anything everything

01:06:44

leads to You don’t even need anything else,

01:06:47

everything remains the same but

01:06:50

mutations still occur anyway evolution

01:06:52

goes on stop evolution or push it

01:06:55

Well, probably there is nothing to push You can,

01:06:58

of course, but evolution always goes on.

01:07:00

Therefore, they will always become

01:07:03

different, there are species that we have already

01:07:06

lost, it’s a pity for the horse oh oh why do

01:07:09

n’t you talk about this,

01:07:13

very few people know about it, and I like since I keep talking

01:07:15

about this all the time and I’m trying to talk about it so that at

01:07:17

least someone will think about it,

01:07:20

the only book is probably now

01:07:23

published

01:07:24

in Spain. Well done guys, they did a lot of

01:07:27

work, and during the period of our

01:07:30

activity, active as a person, not

01:07:33

How to say so, here are more primitive

01:07:36

tribes, but such an active person over the

01:07:39

last 150-200 years there, I didn’t

01:07:43

look at who exactly by groups

01:07:46

Yes, but the guys collected amphibians, that is,

01:07:48

frogs, newts, salamanders and reptiles,

01:07:52

turtles, crocodiles, lizards. What do you think?

01:07:55

How many amphibians and reptiles

01:07:57

have died out there over the last 150-200 years in

01:08:01

species species in species, of course, well, for

01:08:04

example, 200 years Well,

01:08:07

you almost guessed 1500 species Oh, that's a lot, but how

01:08:12

many species of amphibians, for example, and

01:08:16

reptiles combined?

01:08:29

We have lost 1500 and the

01:08:34

absolute majority have been lost over the

01:08:35

last 30 years

01:08:38

Why And we live very widely we are

01:08:43

mastering we are mastering well Yeah we

01:08:46

know how to ram everywhere no one

01:08:51

understands what is happening Except for those who

01:08:54

are doing this seriously But for some reason they are not really

01:08:57

allowed to write correct articles

01:09:00

or these articles are published in very

01:09:02

small magazines and the public Yes,

01:09:04

we sometimes see documentaries Well,

01:09:07

somehow here is the eternal phrase we were on vacation

01:09:11

in Turkey, what are you telling us, we were on vacation

01:09:13

in Turkey there the mountains around are all covered with

01:09:15

forest Yes, they are not covered with forest, they

01:09:17

stayed

01:09:18

there the forest is already completely cleared down,

01:09:22

something like some bushes What trees are

01:09:24

secondary the one who lived there he no longer

01:09:26

lives there for a long time he is no longer there that we are

01:09:29

cutting down the forests We are completely cutting down the forests we are

01:09:32

frequently cutting down the forests we are

01:09:34

talking about vegetarianism and planting

01:09:37

soybeans I saw what is happening with

01:09:40

Southeast Asia. Southeast Asia has been burning

01:09:44

continuously for the last 30 years. South

01:09:48

America has been burning continuously because we

01:09:52

need coffee. We need sugar. We need soybeans.

01:09:56

We are replacing meat. Yes, now everything is like this

01:09:59

under soybeans. You have no idea what’s going on.

01:10:03

we still need Why nature reserves

01:10:05

are being cut down, we need oil We are planting the

01:10:08

Shrovetide Palm, it took up 90% of

01:10:12

all the forests there Well, 10% will

01:10:15

also disappear in the next 20 years, you know

01:10:18

And where should they live?

01:10:22

let's go

01:10:25

[music]

01:10:52

avalanche

01:11:25

N

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