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интервью

00:00:17

Finland

00:00:18

as an independent state was formed

00:00:20

after the revolution in Russia in 1918, and

00:00:25

here in

00:00:27

Finland there was a

00:00:29

civil war like we had, we had our own Red

00:00:31

Finns, there were White Finns, in the end, the

00:00:34

Red actions were suppressed with

00:00:36

the help of the troops then commanded by

00:00:38

Mannerheim Mannerheim is a tsarist

00:00:41

general

00:00:42

who served very well The

00:00:45

Russian imperial army participated in

00:00:49

campaigns in the east during the First World

00:00:52

War, he showed himself heroically,

00:00:54

but here, after the formation of

00:00:56

independent Finland,

00:00:57

he took such a course that Red

00:01:01

Russia was the enemy; moreover, the Finns

00:01:04

fought with us during the civil war and

00:01:06

eastern Karelia, Soviet Karelia and

00:01:09

tried to create then the same

00:01:12

great Finland,

00:01:13

which would include its borders, not

00:01:16

only the territory that did not go to

00:01:18

this Karelian Isthmus, it is 32

00:01:20

kilometers from Leningrad,

00:01:22

but then Petrograd and the eastern

00:01:24

harem, it is clear that then the films were

00:01:28

recaptured from Finland and began to build its

00:01:31

independence, a

00:01:32

small country of course and Already in the

00:01:36

30s, in 1932, we established

00:01:39

normal relations with her and concluded an agreement

00:01:42

that was supposed to last until 1945,

00:01:46

but here both sides felt

00:01:49

distrust of each other, from their

00:01:51

side to felt distrust of

00:01:54

Red Russia and then of the Soviet Union

00:01:56

we felt not I trust Finland

00:01:58

because Finland

00:01:59

had connections at first with Western

00:02:03

countries with the parties of the former Entente

00:02:05

who were hostile to bridges and were

00:02:08

disposed and then from Germany, that is,

00:02:10

this pro-German policy was actually carried out

00:02:12

and in Finland

00:02:14

they operated, for

00:02:15

example, such an academic society

00:02:18

Finland, which set as its goal a

00:02:20

resolution until they talked about the borders of

00:02:22

Finland in the historical borders which

00:02:25

you included the frenzy of the Finnish peoples

00:02:27

located and living on the territory of

00:02:28

the Soviet Union, that is, the whole of Karelia,

00:02:31

Finland, the Murmansk region, right up to

00:02:33

Arkhangelsk, such plans were made and

00:02:37

many representatives of the Finnish elite at that

00:02:40

time sympathized with this kind of

00:02:43

tediousness they considered that someday Soviet Russia will

00:02:47

collapse, the Soviet Union will collapse and Finland

00:02:49

will be so big when Hitler

00:02:53

came to power,

00:02:54

it is clear that many representatives of the

00:02:57

Finnish establishment

00:02:58

they began to gravitate towards Germany, there were

00:03:01

close ties, weapons were purchased, but

00:03:03

Finland then purchased weapons in

00:03:05

many countries, including

00:03:07

Great Britain, Sweden, we in Germany,

00:03:10

including the Germans, the Saras often

00:03:12

visited Finland and looked at the

00:03:16

Soviet Union with hostility;

00:03:18

we also feared at that time that

00:03:20

if Finland itself attacked us,

00:03:24

then it would provide its territory to some

00:03:28

other enemy force, and here is

00:03:30

Leningrad 32 kilometers Finnish border and

00:03:33

when the Finns began to build their line,

00:03:37

which they later named after the ideological

00:03:40

inspirer of this line before defense and Mannerheim, the

00:03:43

Mannerheim line, you also began

00:03:45

to fear for some reason, that is, like a stronghold,

00:03:48

that is, in fact, Finland at that time

00:03:51

was in many ways a military call on and the

00:03:52

state, we understood this and negotiations

00:03:57

to somehow resolve

00:03:59

this border issues they began

00:04:01

back in the thirty-eighth year of consultations,

00:04:04

here in our archives such a case was preserved on

00:04:06

April 7,

00:04:08

keep in mind on April 7, 1939, even before the

00:04:13

conclusion of the Soviet-German

00:04:14

non-aggression treaty, Stalin accepted himself as a

00:04:19

resident of our Finnish intelligence

00:04:22

Rybkina pseudonym Yartsev who

00:04:26

was in charge of the post of second secretary of

00:04:28

the embassy and the question of what to

00:04:31

do was discussed: it was necessary to somehow

00:04:34

normalize relations with Finland

00:04:36

and try to resolve this

00:04:39

border issue, that is, to conclude an

00:04:41

agreement with it that Finland

00:04:44

would not allow its territories of

00:04:48

some third countries to the armed ones

00:04:50

so that we live in peace and, if possible,

00:04:52

maybe move the border from

00:04:54

Leningrad and exchange this territory

00:04:57

that we will acquire on the Karelian

00:04:58

Isthmus at the expense of the territory of Eastern

00:05:01

Karelia, these negotiations then began in

00:05:05

October 1939 after the conclusion of

00:05:09

the Soviet- the German treaty and the

00:05:11

secret protocol according to which

00:05:13

Finland withdrew from the influence of the

00:05:15

Soviet Union, the fact is that

00:05:17

before Western Ukraine and Western

00:05:20

Belarus

00:05:21

it was clear that this territory

00:05:23

was inhabited by Ukrainians and Belarusians and

00:05:25

when the Baltic countries were separated from Soviet Russia,

00:05:28

our bases were the light

00:05:31

for the idea of how showing today with

00:05:33

practical documents

00:05:35

historical research, we were not going

00:05:37

to endorse the blings,

00:05:39

the main question was precisely about the borders and

00:05:41

all the documents today confirm this,

00:05:44

when negotiations began in Moscow, they

00:05:47

were led by the Ambassador of Finland, Apiary, the

00:05:49

future President of Finland, on our

00:05:52

side, Stalin Stalin clearly immediately stated that

00:05:55

we cannot transfer Leningrad another

00:05:57

place, therefore, we ask you to move the border

00:06:02

from Leningrad on the Karelian Isthmus by

00:06:04

about 70 kilometers, and we are giving you

00:06:08

twice the territory, this is five and

00:06:10

a half thousand square kilometers,

00:06:11

here in Soviet Karelia, which is

00:06:15

also quite rich in natural

00:06:17

resources, the Finns flatly refused

00:06:20

why, but the Finns refer to what is there

00:06:24

days passed from the position of the energy lines on the

00:06:28

other side, today it becomes clear and

00:06:31

kenske historians this also confirms

00:06:33

that strong pressure was then exerted on Finland

00:06:35

from third forces, this is

00:06:38

primarily Great Britain, it is

00:06:41

called France, including

00:06:44

behind the scenes, despite the Soviet-German

00:06:46

treaty and the Germans also had an

00:06:48

impact on the population, so the Finns

00:06:51

flatly refused only on the Karelian

00:06:54

Isthmus, we asked then for a Khanty base

00:06:56

in order to be able to protect ourselves

00:07:00

from the sea direction from attacks through the

00:07:03

Gulf of Finland,

00:07:04

the film refused and then what happened,

00:07:09

what happened is this incident, in the manner

00:07:11

today sports historians discuss what

00:07:14

actually in fact, what happened there, be that as it may, that

00:07:17

is, on November 30, Soviet

00:07:21

troops crossed the border and the

00:07:24

Soviet-Finnish war began

00:07:26

here when we are talking about the

00:07:28

Soviet-Finnish war and there are still

00:07:30

many questions that should be clarified

00:07:33

today to express a clear opinion on that it is

00:07:37

still clear that the Finnish historiography

00:07:41

she considers this war to be defensive, the fact

00:07:43

that we attacked the son of Finland, that

00:07:46

it was aggression, on the other hand, there are

00:07:48

our positions of our historians who

00:07:50

studied this issue, we understood

00:07:53

that Finland was drifting into the camp of

00:07:55

our opponents, in fact, that there is

00:07:58

final they can use 3 countries

00:08:00

and the Finns themselves in order to attack the

00:08:03

Soviet Union,

00:08:04

Kaliningrad is close, then Leningrad

00:08:06

is the center of our

00:08:08

mechanical engineering, a quarter of the

00:08:11

military products actually produced at that time

00:08:13

are tanks, the famous KV tanks, this is an

00:08:16

engine, this is a

00:08:17

device, this is, after all, small

00:08:21

arms and the loss of this city, which is

00:08:24

even more symbolic revolution is immediately a

00:08:28

huge blow to the morale of

00:08:31

all Soviet people, and the Second World War was already underway,

00:08:34

we understood that despite the fact that there is a

00:08:37

Soviet-German treaty, sooner or

00:08:39

later we will have to withstand this

00:08:41

aggression in the west of Germany, an ally and

00:08:44

Finland

00:08:45

may be an ally of Germany, as

00:08:47

our general believed headquarters

00:08:49

and here the so-

00:08:52

called plans were developed to narrowly measure your risks,

00:08:54

then the district commander was limited

00:08:58

to a simplified plan that

00:09:01

provided for 10 non-troops only

00:09:04

who were directly on the border

00:09:07

there was another plan, a plan for Shaposhnikov,

00:09:09

the commander of the first rank, then the

00:09:12

chief of the general staff, which

00:09:14

provided for a larger number

00:09:16

troops will be involved,

00:09:18

but in this war, but he was not

00:09:22

accepted then, and I must say, and today they openly

00:09:26

admit it, everyone admits that we, by

00:09:28

and large, were not prepared for

00:09:30

this, what does this mean, firstly,

00:09:32

reconnaissance from his hands was then delivered,

00:09:35

in fact, they only knew here are their forward

00:09:38

positions, if you look at our maps

00:09:40

of this time, we see that there are

00:09:43

Finnish positions on the border further than

00:09:46

some kind of pre-field Mannerheim line, but the

00:09:49

fact that these are the three strongest lines of defense was

00:09:52

actually 5 at that time was not

00:09:54

revealed, they really underestimated the

00:09:56

Finnish army, they counted the dates that it is poorly

00:09:59

armed, that is, mini in technology,

00:10:01

indeed in tanks, we have absolute

00:10:04

superiority in aviation, also absolute

00:10:06

superiority, and even if this is a

00:10:09

lightweight version, that is, we have

00:10:10

superiority not in people

00:10:12

and in artillery, of course, it was in our

00:10:14

country, but underestimate why because

00:10:17

Finland in this period, she well

00:10:19

armed her couple, in fact, every

00:10:22

man for her was a fight and

00:10:25

who was well-fed, but dressed expressed and

00:10:30

underwent constant combat training, which

00:10:32

was expressed by the Finnish army, not only

00:10:35

with rifles of various types and

00:10:37

machine guns of Sony’s own production

00:10:39

and close combat,

00:10:41

naturally, such small arms are a fighter

00:10:44

armed with such small arms,

00:10:46

we had an advantage in that period, but

00:10:50

in fact gained a skeptical attitude

00:10:52

towards an automatic such a

00:10:54

submachine gun; it was believed that a fighter in a

00:10:57

future war would destroy the

00:10:59

enemy from a distance; here, of course, it is

00:11:03

the rifle that is important; On the

00:11:10

ground, in fact, the

00:11:12

entire Finnish army was on skis, and

00:11:15

we also had excellent athletes,

00:11:17

training, but there was no such mass

00:11:19

use of fighters

00:11:22

in the ski battalions, which,

00:11:24

by the way, later began to be created,

00:11:26

and therefore when our army

00:11:29

crossed the border, we walked several

00:11:31

kilometers and the pride fields rested against this

00:11:34

Mannerheim line,

00:11:35

what was happening here, it is necessary to

00:11:38

emphasize the political moment that

00:11:40

when the red crossed the borders of the gaming

00:11:43

community, the 2nd League of Nations condemned

00:11:46

this, well, it’s understandable, but the fact that the Soviet Union,

00:11:48

after especially the conclusion of the

00:11:50

Soviet-German treaty, was considered

00:11:52

such a foreign country which must be

00:11:56

treated with suspicion is that this was

00:11:57

in our security interests, it did

00:12:00

not seem to take into account that is, England and France

00:12:02

could do whatever they wanted,

00:12:05

that is, give Czechoslovakia when they were

00:12:08

forced to take this step and conclude an

00:12:11

agreement with Germany,

00:12:12

so they thus became

00:12:15

suspicious and almost

00:12:17

enmity, the Soviet Union was expelled from the

00:12:20

League of Nations, the League of Nations essentially

00:12:24

ended its actual

00:12:26

existence with this step, what is the League of Nations without the

00:12:29

Soviet Union, moreover, England,

00:12:32

France began to develop plans to

00:12:36

link the expeditionary force to Finland

00:12:39

through Sweden, Sweden did not agree to

00:12:42

this yet they thought the Swedes would be

00:12:44

drawn into this war,

00:12:46

then the British and French began to

00:12:48

develop forms of smooth strikes on the

00:12:50

flanks of the Soviet Union, that is,

00:12:52

Leningrad and on the side and formidable from the southern

00:12:56

region, that is, this is more serious, that is,

00:12:59

squadrons of blended aircraft were supposed to

00:13:02

bomb the tank that was supposed to be

00:13:04

bombed in fifteen days and formidable

00:13:06

in ten days, that is, it would deprive us of

00:13:09

this entire oil industry,

00:13:11

this very earthly 39 40, these plans were

00:13:14

actively developed

00:13:16

away, financial assistance was supplied to

00:13:19

Finland,

00:13:20

assistance with weapons, of course for Finland

00:13:23

this was great support

00:13:25

here, returning to military events,

00:13:27

as if he were resting on this

00:13:29

Mannerheim line, they suffered significant losses in the

00:13:33

series

00:13:34

and the center of Finland, that is, these are

00:13:37

actually tragic events when

00:13:39

several of our divisions entered the breakthrough; there

00:13:42

was such an idea to cut off

00:13:45

Finland in the center of the territory to exit the

00:13:49

Gulf of Bothnia and thereby deprive

00:13:53

them of the opportunity The Finns are pouring me with their

00:13:54

troops,

00:13:55

but I don’t know where and how they are

00:13:58

actually advancing in marching columns. The Soviet

00:14:01

troops surrounded our unit with

00:14:03

their small ones for a year

00:14:05

and actually depleted our resources.

00:14:09

Such interesting moments that the Finns

00:14:12

always knew where our division was advancing in the center of

00:14:15

Finland because there were

00:14:17

communication planes. these famous

00:14:20

u2 maize workers who were actually

00:14:22

patrolling and circling over our

00:14:24

units and in the place where

00:14:28

this maize worker was patrolling, I don’t know where

00:14:29

our unit was advancing, they could be

00:14:31

surrounded from all sides, so our

00:14:33

unit, fighting surrounded,

00:14:36

were forced to fight their way with heavy losses,

00:14:38

leaving them to

00:14:40

fight their way back to East, the

00:14:43

Russian Historical Society

00:14:45

in May 2019 erected a monument to

00:14:50

our ninth necessary battalion,

00:14:53

which actually died then in Finland,

00:14:56

the center of Finland, trying to hold back the onslaught of

00:15:01

the enemy, and in order for our troops

00:15:04

to withdraw in order, in fact, several

00:15:07

hundred of our soldiers were killed, then we must

00:15:10

pay tribute to the film that is today gave

00:15:12

them the opportunity to erect a

00:15:15

monument there to carry out search work for the

00:15:17

reburial of our soldiers, for them this is

00:15:20

also a memory of the event and this is such a sign of

00:15:24

reconciliation on their part, well, of course,

00:15:27

we certainly appreciate it,

00:15:33

for of course it was not such a rich

00:15:35

country as France, which built the

00:15:37

Maginot Line,

00:15:38

these are hundreds of kilometers of concrete fortifications

00:15:41

hundreds of pillboxes huge communication passages

00:15:47

ventilation electricity kitchen almost

00:15:51

bonita that is, it was all done which

00:15:54

the Germans then outflanked in

00:15:57

June 1940 and in a few weeks

00:16:00

France capitulated but the fact is that

00:16:04

it was a fairly strong

00:16:06

Mannerheim line facts cassation

00:16:08

building Finns

00:16:10

skillfully used the landscape of the area

00:16:13

dancing rocks forest lakes, that is, where

00:16:19

the inter-lake defile they built

00:16:22

concrete fortifications,

00:16:24

continuous lines of trenches,

00:16:26

reinforced concrete or

00:16:30

armored caps that were

00:16:32

literally carved into the rocks,

00:16:33

these are trills, that is, 1 2 3 directly the

00:16:37

last one is already near the city of Vyborg and

00:16:41

overcome them especially in in winter

00:16:43

conditions it was

00:16:45

extremely difficult, all the more so it was clear

00:16:49

that in order to overcome this line

00:16:51

it was necessary to bring up artillery directly with

00:16:54

direct fire

00:16:55

in order to destroy these

00:16:57

fortified points about the cafe now we ourselves didn’t have heavy

00:17:00

artillery like that

00:17:02

initially, we tried to quickly

00:17:05

take this line I think that our

00:17:07

tank units they will break through

00:17:09

there were belongings and there were concreted

00:17:12

these

00:17:13

gouges that were built in the film, that is,

00:17:15

our tanks were stuck in Athens they

00:17:18

should have 1000 you archival documents there was

00:17:20

such a special instruction that you need to

00:17:23

jump up to our tank and

00:17:27

hammer sledgehammers on the floor of the gun in order to in order to

00:17:30

distort it, that is, so that the guns

00:17:32

could not fire until then.

00:17:34

Well, of course, they had other means of

00:17:36

anti-tank defense, and it must be said

00:17:38

that at that time we did not yet have such powerful

00:17:41

tanks as the T-34; they only

00:17:44

began to receive

00:17:46

troops in the forties, so we carried large losses

00:17:49

in technology here, the Finnish company of the

00:17:53

Soviet-Finnish war,

00:17:55

Finnish shorthand calls the land of war,

00:17:57

it really lasted

00:17:59

virtually the entire winter and even captured

00:18:01

part of the spring, that is, from November 30 to

00:18:06

March 13, 1940, it can be divided into two parts,

00:18:11

as it were, up to 11 February

00:18:14

1940, when we realized that

00:18:17

it was necessary to stop and prepare,

00:18:19

our troops bent and from February 12 to

00:18:22

March 13, 1940, conclusions were drawn that

00:18:26

our teams could

00:18:28

not easily overcome where to interrupt,

00:18:31

the decision was made, yes, this was formerly the

00:18:34

Karelian Isthmus, but why the Karelians,

00:18:36

why not to the center of Finland to me in another

00:18:38

place in this vital center of Finland,

00:18:40

that is, having made a choice, we directly already

00:18:42

left the Finnish capital of Helsinki, that

00:18:45

is, this is a direct port to

00:18:46

defeat the country at this moment,

00:18:49

returning as a political step, the

00:18:54

Soviet government made a statement

00:18:55

that the city of the plate is the first

00:18:58

populated area of which the red frame

00:19:00

took,

00:19:01

crossing the borders, the people's

00:19:03

government of Finland was formed and we are concluding an

00:19:06

agreement with them. The Finns, in response to this, have

00:19:08

already begun to develop a plan to create an

00:19:11

alternative to the

00:19:12

Soviet government led by

00:19:14

Kerensky.

00:19:22

During the

00:19:24

war, completely different circumstances came to naught,

00:19:26

by the way, his leader

00:19:30

was supposed to become by the fall,

00:19:32

this is the leader of the Finnish Communist Party of the Comintern,

00:19:35

who, by the way, was buried before his

00:19:38

ashes on the Kremlin wall,

00:19:40

this matter was already put aside and they began to

00:19:43

prepare for a really heavy button accordion

00:19:45

to pull up the artillery,

00:19:47

our aviation was actively working Tymoshenko headed the

00:19:50

north-western front, the future People's Commissar

00:19:53

of Defense

00:19:54

Voroshilov, by the way, after this

00:19:58

Finnish company,

00:19:59

his ears are said to have been removed

00:20:04

from the post of People's Commissar of Defense, although he

00:20:06

continued to occupy a very important position and

00:20:09

was appointed in his place by machines, and

00:20:11

when our troops were prepared, a

00:20:14

blow was struck Well, the path of action

00:20:16

was played out, that is, the artillery smashed

00:20:18

these concrete Finnish fortifications,

00:20:21

there were special assault groups with the

00:20:24

participation of tanks,

00:20:25

artillery that followed the infantry

00:20:27

and at the beginning broke through one lane, the second with

00:20:31

heavy losses, but also fein and suffered

00:20:33

very heavy losses at that time and in the

00:20:36

end came to a choice and made a

00:20:40

choice, that is, in fact, already on March 4,

00:20:44

Mannerheim, addressing the government, then

00:20:47

already stated that the further continuation of

00:20:49

the war was lost, that is, we would lose

00:20:51

the capital and maybe lose independence,

00:20:53

we need to negotiate, and at that time the

00:20:56

international situation developed in

00:20:58

such a way that both sides were

00:21:00

already seeking chambers why because it

00:21:04

became clear to the Finns that no one would help them, neither

00:21:06

England nor France and Germany,

00:21:09

since Sweden, in the first place, did not want

00:21:12

this expeditionary force to

00:21:15

pass through its territory; moreover, yes,

00:21:18

England and France were primarily occupied with

00:21:21

the possibility of somehow inter

00:21:24

-nationalizing the conflict by drawing in

00:21:28

additional forces there precisely on

00:21:32

this Scandinavian peninsula so that

00:21:35

Germany would tie up there with England and France,

00:21:39

as if they would pull back the forces of Germany, and

00:21:41

maybe then make peace with Germany, that is,

00:21:44

German intelligence spread

00:21:47

these rumors and England, France and the

00:21:51

authorities would listen carefully to this

00:21:53

if we count the documents that

00:21:55

came out so that England and France

00:21:58

were then ready to

00:21:59

make peace with Germany, and as soon as this

00:22:04

happened, England, France and Germany

00:22:08

would jointly attack the Soviet

00:22:10

Union, that is, the plan

00:22:12

to strike on the side and formidably had already been

00:22:14

developed, respectively, the Caucasus was leaving the

00:22:17

spheres of influence of Great Britain, Ukraine,

00:22:20

Germany, and further on the list as they

00:22:23

say as it was in civilian life,

00:22:25

not for example, that is, they separated faith

00:22:26

influence, that’s the thought we

00:22:28

imagined for here, being punished as a

00:22:30

pawn in someone else’s game, and in fact, it

00:22:34

was clear that Finland would not receive

00:22:38

any help and the Soviet Union

00:22:39

would quickly leave Helsinki,

00:22:42

here the Finns decided to go

00:22:45

dinner measurements and we are afraid of this

00:22:49

international situation that

00:22:51

Germany may indeed make peace with England and

00:22:53

France and then there will be a solid front against us to

00:22:56

give what situation mac

00:22:58

we lie down, especially since Japan has not yet

00:23:01

been signed by us then we still have dollar

00:23:03

neutrality, we find ourselves faced with

00:23:06

everything hostile encirclement and

00:23:08

England France Germany Japan and whatever the

00:23:11

case may be, we also tried to

00:23:13

end this war faster if at the beginning, here are

00:23:15

our plans for the final stage of

00:23:18

the war, they were very carefully

00:23:20

prepared not to rush, even there was such a

00:23:22

command, that is, now we were in a hurry

00:23:25

as quickly as possible when I was busy Vyborg,

00:23:28

in fact, we were already seeking to conclude

00:23:31

measures, there were secret contacts already from

00:23:34

our Swedish embassy, which was in charge of

00:23:37

Kontai, there were proverbial exits, and already with the

00:23:41

Finnish representatives, preliminary

00:23:43

agreements were reached and

00:23:46

negotiations opened in Moscow, which

00:23:48

quickly enough came already in chambers to resolve

00:23:52

this conflict, our demands,

00:23:54

of course, became stricter if at first we

00:23:57

arrived from Finland to a part of the

00:24:01

Karelian Isthmus, the

00:24:02

fishing peninsula, now the entire

00:24:06

Karelian came, in fact, part of the

00:24:09

fishing island and the base in Hunter, the

00:24:12

Franco base, which was supposed to cover the

00:24:15

withdrawal of the Gulf of Finland and a number of small

00:24:17

islands directly in the Gulf of Finland, the

00:24:19

companies were forced to agree and this is the

00:24:23

phenomenon of this war the fact that both

00:24:26

sides felt they could defeat him and the

00:24:28

Finns who fought were in charge of the matter

00:24:31

felt that they retained their

00:24:33

independence, indeed, after the

00:24:35

armistice, Finland even

00:24:37

formed a society of Soviet-Finnish

00:24:40

friendship, we resolved border issues,

00:24:43

and here we are, and of course, preserving the remains of the

00:24:46

soldiers who died in the tank, and we felt

00:24:48

yourself as a winner, well, firstly, you

00:24:50

acquired territories that we gave

00:24:52

us security, a feeling of security

00:24:53

in Leningrad, and in the end, yes, well,

00:24:57

Finland, at least for the near

00:25:01

future, as we thought, will not have an

00:25:04

arena where foreign troops will be stationed,

00:25:10

that’s what we had the feeling, well, he, of

00:25:13

course, the most severe

00:25:20

consequences, of course, you will refuse losses

00:25:23

lost killed and missing

00:25:26

died from wounds from 120,000 people Finns

00:25:31

about 25 thousand people for a small

00:25:34

country this is a lot almost the entire

00:25:36

adult population one way or another they

00:25:39

worked for the war or fought or with the

00:25:41

military industry,

00:25:43

for its part, did not know that this was a

00:25:49

big lesson for us, and in March

00:25:54

1940, a large meeting was held in the Kremlin in

00:25:57

which Stalin, of course, and all the

00:26:01

commanders participated. from the front commanders to the

00:26:04

battalion commander where frank,

00:26:07

if you read this

00:26:09

transcript of this meeting, an

00:26:11

absolutely frank conversation about our

00:26:15

shortcomings, uniforms not for skis, no

00:26:19

automatic weapons, training at the

00:26:21

company level of a battalion of a division regiment

00:26:24

leaves much to be desired, this is the most important

00:26:28

lesson we learned from Finnish war,

00:26:30

which is urgently needed and

00:26:33

mobilization requires an urgent

00:26:35

restructuring of the army training of an individual

00:26:38

soldier of a unit of a unit of formations, and

00:26:41

so on, a new people's commissar machine was appointed,

00:26:43

who began to carry out then

00:26:47

all this retraining, constant training until the

00:26:49

interaction of aviation troops with troops,

00:26:52

artillery, ground forces and with

00:26:55

rifle units, this

00:26:59

gave a lot we have the opportunity, despite the losses at the

00:27:02

beginning of the Great Patriotic War, we are still

00:27:05

more prepared for the third one, that

00:27:08

is, we realized that the war is not

00:27:11

so, but there is a walk there, and of course we

00:27:15

thought about it before, but the fact that it is connected

00:27:18

with the mobilization of huge resources to

00:27:21

human resources

00:27:22

with preparation with the need for

00:27:26

interaction between the branches of the military, they then

00:27:28

realized this and began to prepare the troops in a

00:27:30

completely different way, of course, not everyone

00:27:32

had time to do their homeland first,

00:27:35

but nevertheless, the negative

00:27:37

result was that before Finland

00:27:39

now looked more favorably at

00:27:41

Germany, which by the beginning of the Great

00:27:43

Patriotic War actually took

00:27:45

Finland as allies for did not become

00:27:47

a member of the Agante Comintern

00:27:50

bloc and actually gave up its

00:27:53

territory to the German troops

00:27:55

when Molotov was on a visit to Berlin

00:27:59

in the 1940 game

00:28:02

there Ribbentrop pointed out a quarrel and a

00:28:05

document here join us

00:28:07

yes Russia should go to the southern seas

00:28:11

url and Molotov said to Mutu, let's look at

00:28:13

Sandy, the

00:28:16

German troops are like why are they here,

00:28:22

let's and withdraw this is contrary to all

00:28:25

our agreements, the Germans went to find and

00:28:28

in the end, any of these sons, too,

00:28:30

they have already stopped, the Germans understood that the

00:28:32

main thing for us is safety In the

00:28:39

end, Hitler used

00:28:41

Finnish troops during the attack on the

00:28:44

Soviet Union for her it was members of the

00:28:47

fascist bloc and although the Finns call the

00:28:51

fighting on the Soviet-German

00:28:54

front on the Finnish border and further to the

00:28:57

east the war and continuation in reality

00:29:00

it was an attempt to build a great

00:29:05

Finland, that is, the implementation these

00:29:07

pre-war for the NSS facts speak about this,

00:29:09

that is, Lyalya

00:29:11

forty-one in June, also

00:29:14

attacking the Soviet Union,

00:29:16

although they say there that supposedly it was

00:29:19

after our bombing, excuse me, but they

00:29:22

already began to lay mines from Finnish

00:29:23

territory in the Gulf of Finland

00:29:25

planes took off here, water, our

00:29:28

territory, that is, where to go, and when

00:29:32

Finland filled the Soviet Union, it

00:29:34

captured vast territories of Soviet

00:29:37

Karelia, took captured petrozavodsk,

00:29:40

Medvezhyegorsk, cut this

00:29:44

railway, which actually went from

00:29:47

Leningrad to Muranovskaya,

00:29:49

thank God before the war, we managed to

00:29:52

create a side branch and therefore cargo under

00:29:55

Lend-Lease we passed through the territory

00:29:57

unoccupied by the Finns, if you failed to

00:29:59

do this it would have been even more difficult for us;

00:30:01

in fact, the Finns

00:30:02

then participated in the benefits of

00:30:05

Leningrad; this was the actual

00:30:06

complicity of Finland in the siege of Leningrad

00:30:09

and the victim of Leningrad is also on the Finnish

00:30:11

conscience; we have energy and although they say

00:30:14

today that Mannerheim

00:30:16

allegedly did not take Leningrad because he didn’t

00:30:19

want to, the fact is that if the Finns

00:30:22

could, they would have taken the offensive, we repulsed

00:30:26

their advance, and on the Karelian

00:30:28

Isthmus they crossed the old border and

00:30:31

we were higher than them from there in the forty-first

00:30:34

year also a liter and speaking about the plans of

00:30:38

Finland Wotan 41 years and yet they had

00:30:41

active contacts with the Germans Goering

00:30:43

talked to them and had a conversation and

00:30:46

Ribbentrop and other official what

00:30:48

are called Nazi leaders

00:30:51

Finland agreed with the German

00:30:54

plans that St. Petersburg’s house, as they

00:30:57

then said after the war, should not

00:30:59

exist how a big city, that is, the

00:31:00

desert was destroyed, Hitler back in September

00:31:03

said that to surround the city, to hurt,

00:31:05

to destroy, to destroy no one, let him die by starvation,

00:31:07

even if he Finland agreed with this,

00:31:10

did not think so, yes, this is their

00:31:12

official statement from President

00:31:14

Lotta, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, that

00:31:16

the border is between the great Germany and

00:31:19

as they said, the great Finland

00:31:20

should pass precisely for this reason, that is,

00:31:23

along the Neva like this, they wanted to divide it,

00:31:25

especially since the Finns said we don’t want to

00:31:27

protect the cities, we don’t need a big

00:31:29

city, it’s their idea,

00:31:32

what were they doing then in the

00:31:35

occupied territory, but enough

00:31:37

facts they are all known and

00:31:39

confirmed by the international community

00:31:40

w the Swiss Red Cross

00:31:43

wrote about this that on the territory of Soviet

00:31:46

Karelia 14 camps were organized

00:31:50

where the civilian population was kept,

00:31:52

primarily Russian,

00:31:55

Russian-speaking, and

00:31:58

there a third of the population actually died out in

00:32:01

true terrible conditions they were kept

00:32:05

like this You can include prisoners of war, the

00:32:08

Finns captured about 60 thousand of our

00:32:11

people, about a third of them died in

00:32:13

captivity, that is, it’s actually like

00:32:16

Germany and execution by torture, famine,

00:32:21

all of this had to be brought by our

00:32:23

civilian population of Karelia to

00:32:25

prisoners of war, and there were cases of data on the

00:32:28

brutal torture of our prisoners of war,

00:32:30

and this is not evidenced by only the act of the

00:32:33

emergency state commission, but

00:32:35

also our combat reports, I

00:32:37

definitely won’t have a gate in them, that is, they were a secret

00:32:40

report that was found on the Karelian

00:32:43

Isthmus in the forty-fourth year, when

00:32:45

he was liberated, they found a house with his wife and a basement in it,

00:32:49

walled up, and there were several

00:32:51

dozen of our fighters who

00:32:52

suffocated their backs, just wall them up,

00:32:55

these are also facts that today,

00:32:58

unfortunately, Finland does not like to remember,

00:33:00

saying that

00:33:02

there is no continuation of liberation, in fact,

00:33:04

41 44 it was an aggressive policy and an

00:33:08

attempt to build a great chemistry,

00:33:10

but thank God, thanks to the courage of the

00:33:13

soldiers in the year 1944 carried out the

00:33:17

selection of the Petrozavodsk ska operation here was

00:33:21

already completely different, our troops

00:33:23

fought, it was

00:33:24

new equipment and fighters who were stolen,

00:33:28

so to speak, they were advancing

00:33:32

if from the winter war, as the film

00:33:36

is called, the Soviet-Finnish war 39 40

00:33:39

Mannerheim lines we sold maybe

00:33:41

three months then here and about the roles,

00:33:43

literally in a week and a half the choice was freed,

00:33:47

a number of islands were freed and Finland was

00:33:50

already faced with the fact that

00:33:53

in the end, on September 19, 1944,

00:33:56

Finland

00:33:57

also agreed to

00:33:58

our peaceful conditions, that is,

00:34:00

to restore the borders of the fortieth year,

00:34:02

but we then took the place of the khanka for ourselves for

00:34:06

rent for rent a base park allowed,

00:34:08

which was then given to Finland anyway,

00:34:10

and here the Finnish losses, of course,

00:34:14

were

00:34:16

much greater in 1941, 1944, and a completely different

00:34:19

attitude, because it is known that we began to

00:34:23

help war criminals and

00:34:26

but we did not agree to this, by the way speaking, there is evidence that has

00:34:30

not yet been confirmed, but nevertheless,

00:34:32

evidence is often quoted

00:34:34

that Stalin herself allegedly personally crossed out

00:34:38

Mannerheim and the lists of war

00:34:40

criminals, why, but he probably understood

00:34:43

that this was an authoritative person during this winter

00:34:46

war, he admitted that Finland was being

00:34:49

defeated and then when he became

00:34:51

commander-in-chief and then the president of

00:34:53

Finland in 1944, it was

00:34:55

thanks to him that I

00:34:58

agreed to peaceful terms, that is,

00:35:00

we needed a

00:35:02

strong commander, an authoritative person

00:35:04

who would fulfill our conditions and, in the

00:35:07

end, would not allow him to

00:35:09

end up in some other place again.

00:35:10

blocs,

00:35:11

so it actually turned out here,

00:35:14

of course, the merit of our diplomacy is the

00:35:16

leadership in general and Finland, after

00:35:20

the war, was a neutral state,

00:35:22

which it remains to this day,

00:35:24

and this is very important, since here

00:35:27

she did not shout to any bloc on the one

00:35:30

hand, but on the other hand, friendly to us

00:35:32

a state that actually had

00:35:35

great

00:35:36

mutually beneficial economic ties with us, we

00:35:39

built channels together, the Finns built ships before the

00:35:42

jet for the Soviet Union, we supplied

00:35:45

raw materials to Athena, some products, I remember the

00:35:49

1980 Olympics-80 in Moscow,

00:35:53

in fact, it would have come to Moscow from

00:35:57

various food products that were

00:36:00

made for they have the roots of the Turk,

00:36:03

which was a novelty for Muscovites back then,

00:36:05

something like this came

00:36:09

that didn’t exist before, the Finns, they

00:36:11

also knew that it was profitable

00:36:15

to trade with Russia, they fought at the end of

00:36:18

all these conflicts, which, unfortunately, have

00:36:20

no place between the USSR and Soviet

00:36:24

Russia and Finland, the cheese of Finland in the 20th

00:36:27

century, should be done like this, and

00:36:30

indeed the Finns,

00:36:32

thank God, understood that living with us in

00:36:35

the world is very good and mutually beneficial and being a

00:36:38

neutral country,

00:36:40

so today Finland has very strong

00:36:42

forces that stand precisely for

00:36:45

neutrality and those forces that we are

00:36:47

trying to somehow then

00:36:50

they are also engaged in revanchism today in Finland, but

00:36:52

this is the fear that the Soviet Union is on

00:36:56

and it is better not to touch it and it is better

00:36:58

to live with it at least this is probably the main conclusion

00:37:00

that the Finnish leadership made,

00:37:02

this line is sometimes called and not

00:37:05

apiary stone rulers, that is, these

00:37:09

relationships when it is better to trade and

00:37:12

visit each other and engage in

00:37:14

tourism is the best way to

00:37:20

maintain our friendly relations

Description:

Полная версия интервью из документального фильма "Вторая мировая война. Зимняя война" (History Lab, 2019). Смотрите фильм по ссылке: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kmf3f_bzPXg ___________________________________________________________ Подпишитесь на канал! Нажмите колокольчик! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClCTOKrNGBcXwVFFTENXAoQ History Lab – лаборатория для постижения всемирной истории. Историю лучше один раз увидеть, чем сто раз услышать. Официальный научно-познавательный YouTube канал студии-производителя документального кино «Студия ГРАД». © Все авторские права защищены. Копирование и использование любого материала возможно только с письменного разрешения правообладателя. Больше интересного видео смотрите в наших плейлистах: СССР. Империя наоборот: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPlIqfI6wOTO3Up4u2dHKXzk Вторая мировая война: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPkEe07BLfS1tBZu_Fq3G110 Спасённые шедевры России: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPnui49V_K0k5lmdvkQYrqxo Китай глазами советских операторов: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPmCoAtlCHjI7-kFmBMGLsWO Живая история. Хроника: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPklp3vMGN2Kthmj1aMyiTK Фильмы Алексея Денисова: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPklbVXSu6j_N6NNa1tjBbOm Телепередача Русский мир: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPnznhgNJKf-uchOG9zXZvH5 Подписывайтесь на нас в социальных сетях: Instagram: https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser VK: https://vk.com/historylab.online Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser Twitter: https://twitter.com/lab_history Одноклассники: https://ok.ru/group/61091614949414 Telegram: https://t.me/historylab_online

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Which format of "Советско-финская война. 1939-1940. Профессор Михаил Мягков | History Lab Интервью" video should I choose?

The best quality formats are FullHD (1080p), 2K (1440p), 4K (2160p) and 8K (4320p). The higher the resolution of your screen, the higher the video quality should be. However, there are other factors to consider: download speed, amount of free space, and device performance during playback.

Why does my computer freeze when loading a "Советско-финская война. 1939-1940. Профессор Михаил Мягков | History Lab Интервью" video?

The browser/computer should not freeze completely! If this happens, please report it with a link to the video. Sometimes videos cannot be downloaded directly in a suitable format, so we have added the ability to convert the file to the desired format. In some cases, this process may actively use computer resources.

How can I download "Советско-финская война. 1939-1940. Профессор Михаил Мягков | History Lab Интервью" video to my phone?

You can download a video to your smartphone using the website or the PWA application UDL Lite. It is also possible to send a download link via QR code using the UDL Helper extension.

How can I download an audio track (music) to MP3 "Советско-финская война. 1939-1940. Профессор Михаил Мягков | History Lab Интервью"?

The most convenient way is to use the UDL Client program, which supports converting video to MP3 format. In some cases, MP3 can also be downloaded through the UDL Helper extension.

How can I save a frame from a video "Советско-финская война. 1939-1940. Профессор Михаил Мягков | History Lab Интервью"?

This feature is available in the UDL Helper extension. Make sure that "Show the video snapshot button" is checked in the settings. A camera icon should appear in the lower right corner of the player to the left of the "Settings" icon. When you click on it, the current frame from the video will be saved to your computer in JPEG format.

What's the price of all this stuff?

It costs nothing. Our services are absolutely free for all users. There are no PRO subscriptions, no restrictions on the number or maximum length of downloaded videos.