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00:00:01
[music]00:00:06
[applause]00:00:08
[music]00:00:13
[applause]00:00:14
[music]00:00:23
our land our oceans00:00:26
what makes our world so beautiful and at the00:00:28
same time incomprehensible and allows00:00:30
new life to arise in seemingly00:00:33
inappropriate places why00:00:36
where ocean currents and00:00:38
where geological faults are formed above and below water,00:00:42
miracles of nature always appear, which00:00:47
influences the development of life by some00:00:49
incomprehensible force or a brilliant00:00:51
idea that we humans cannot understand,00:00:53
what is life and what is00:00:58
nature, just the existence of flora and00:01:02
fauna, a simple coincidence of circumstances, or00:01:05
rather ideal interaction00:01:07
a set of factors capable of changing00:01:10
the world00:01:14
what are natural wonders how they00:01:18
arise00:01:20
we want to find out00:01:24
we follow the wind water lava flows00:01:28
geological formations and meet wonders the00:01:31
natural wonders of our world00:01:37
[music]00:01:46
we begin our acquaintance with the wonders00:01:49
of nature on the Azores islands00:01:51
this archipelago is western00:01:53
border of Europe, the00:01:55
Eurasian African and00:01:58
North American plates converge here00:01:59
[music] the00:02:01
island group arose as a result of a00:02:03
powerful volcanic eruption several00:02:06
million years ago00:02:08
[music]00:02:12
the weather on the Azores is not always00:02:15
thought here, it can gather in just a00:02:17
few minutes,00:02:18
especially at high altitudes on the00:02:21
fertile volcanic soil of the islands a00:02:23
unique flora was formed00:02:25
[music]00:02:29
over the years, green meadows appeared in place of black stones00:02:32
and the landscape00:02:35
in some places acquired a truly fabulous look00:02:38
[music] the00:02:52
Azores islands have always been surrounded by an00:02:54
aura of mystery and melancholy,00:02:56
anyone who has seen the performance and which00:02:59
nature plays out here, who has been to00:03:02
the highlands of the peak00:03:03
will understand what we mean is supreme.00:03:07
The Azores00:03:08
is Mount Pico, located on the00:03:10
island of the same name, with a height of 260000:03:13
meters, it is not only the highest mountain00:03:15
in Portugal, but also the largest volcano of the00:03:18
mid-Atlantic ridge,00:03:19
stretching from the Arctic and Antarctic00:03:22
through the gap of the ski islands and the island of Pula,00:03:26
put the mountains at a depth of 300000:03:29
meters,00:03:30
just imagine something here water they00:03:33
would be almost equal in size to the00:03:35
Himalayas00:03:37
we move further along these formations and00:03:40
reach the coast00:03:41
here on the mountain slopes under the surface of the00:03:45
water a current is formed bringing the00:03:47
upper layers of the Atlantic Ocean00:03:49
a huge amount of food the so-called00:03:52
April link00:03:53
oceanic and sea bream thanks to which a00:03:56
rich and diverse00:03:58
animal life was formed world00:04:01
[music]00:04:22
it is not surprising that the Azores are considered the00:04:25
kindergarten of the Atlantic, especially if00:04:29
we talk about porridge lots, they constantly00:04:32
live and on the shores of the Azov islands, females00:04:35
bear offspring and give birth in the waters near the00:04:37
file and peak during the mating season,00:04:40
males visit here during their00:04:42
round-the-world migration to continue00:04:45
our race the operator was almost injured00:04:49
during a dive next to a female and her00:04:51
calf, curious like all children, the00:04:54
baby decided to find out who it was next00:04:56
to him, as a result,00:04:58
a collision occurred, but fortunately no sperm whale and no00:05:01
operator were injured00:05:04
whaling, fortunately this dark chapter of00:05:07
our history remains in the past, on the peak,00:05:10
only the old museum reminds of the terrible00:05:12
extermination of these kind giants almost00:05:14
destroyed by humanity; fortunately,00:05:17
soon after the ban on fishing, the00:05:18
population of sperm whales slowly but surely00:05:21
increased; the next point of travel is00:05:24
Princess Island; a00:05:26
giant crater 90 kilometers from00:05:28
the peak; here we meet a school of manta rays00:05:32
[music]00:05:34
cutting through the water depths, these animals,00:05:36
using special mouth blades,00:05:38
collect plankton; this process is called00:05:41
ventilation, since the filtered00:05:44
water is immediately thrown out;00:05:46
meeting with manta rays, we owe it to the upward00:05:49
flow, the rise of water from the depths to the upper00:05:53
layers makes life much easier for livestock, as if on an00:05:57
underwater elevator;00:05:58
small crabs and microorganisms00:06:00
rise to the top00:06:03
let's stop for a moment and00:06:05
watch the magical group00:06:08
flight of stingrays00:06:12
[music]00:06:17
princess islands can also be found00:06:20
blue accumulators one of the largest populations in the world00:06:23
lives near the cape which00:06:25
is a real paradise for them they00:06:28
just need to open their mouths and the food itself00:06:31
swims inside00:06:32
it is not surprising that the population of blue sharks are00:06:35
constantly growing despite being caught by00:06:38
Asian fishermen today they are included00:06:43
in the list of protected species00:06:44
fortunately asos sky00:06:47
blue shark fin soup has disappeared from restaurant menus00:06:49
around the world00:06:53
but00:06:54
this is one of the few places in the world where you00:06:56
can get so00:06:58
close00:07:04
[music]00:07:15
not far from the Azores islands,00:07:17
thanks to tectonic shifts, currents00:07:20
and volcanic activity, an00:07:21
extremely favorable environment was formed,00:07:25
rising currents created a real paradise in the middle of the00:07:27
water desert, the first miracle00:07:30
of nature00:07:31
that we saw as part of our00:07:33
journey00:07:37
[music]00:07:44
we move further along the lava flows that00:07:46
changed our world and make a stop at the00:07:49
prayer of a small island groups00:07:51
five hundred kilometers from the Pacific00:07:53
coast of Colombia, the dimensions of the main00:07:57
island are only 1600 by 730 meters,00:08:00
however, this archipelago has been a standard00:08:03
forming one since 2006.00:08:07
Marbella is a World00:08:08
Natural Heritage Site and for good reason, like the00:08:12
Azores, marbella arose as a result of00:08:14
volcanic activity, cold magma00:08:17
and lava flows Shea sticks and into the ocean00:08:19
created the basis of a future underwater paradise and00:08:21
of course there are also00:08:24
upward currents guaranteeing food00:08:27
abundance here you can even find a00:08:29
large population of mine if you are lucky00:08:34
and a moray eel swims out and its caves or00:08:36
crevices, then you will be able to admire its00:08:39
long wriggling body and head00:08:42
reminiscent of a prehistoric one and gave00:08:48
[music]00:08:59
anyone with scuba gear can00:09:01
plunge into this cheerful bustle,00:09:03
these reefs are distinguished by a unique underwater00:09:07
fauna, schools of brightly colored and00:09:10
incredibly beautiful fish roam the sea,00:09:12
the light reflected from their scales00:09:16
guarantees the observer a truly00:09:18
mesmerizing spectacle of a school of bright00:09:21
yellowtail fishermen them to the rank of the sofa00:09:24
Surgeon fish are chosen by local reefs and00:09:26
crevices;00:09:31
many species of fish and crustaceans coexist peacefully here; an00:09:33
abundance of food; lukewarm water and00:09:36
year-round underwater currents create00:09:39
ideal living conditions for local inhabitants;00:09:41
everywhere you look, a00:09:44
real underwater paradise00:09:48
[music]00:10:00
but guests rarely see amal00:10:04
white The fact is that sea turtles00:10:07
travel around the planet along with all00:10:09
the ocean currents and annually00:10:12
cover a considerable mileage. In addition,00:10:15
this species of turtles is on the verge of00:10:17
extinction, but here in Lu’s prayer the turtles00:10:21
are under reliable protection like00:10:23
other marine animals00:10:25
[music]00:10:29
having noticed these shackles, many divers00:10:32
begin to regret that they did not take a00:10:34
change of underwear with them00:10:36
bull shark and such a person, as well as00:10:39
often tiger and great white sharks,00:10:41
according to a worldwide database, these00:10:44
animals made 75 attacks on people,00:10:46
of which 25 were fatal,00:10:52
experts believe that these figures may00:10:54
be underestimated since bull sharks are00:10:57
often confused with great whites00:11:00
[music]00:11:12
in Lu's Prayer, different species of sharks00:11:15
find ideal habitat conditions, just like00:11:18
in the Azores region there00:11:20
are updrafts that00:11:21
form at the edge of the reefs in Lu's Prayer, the00:11:24
largest population of hammerhead sharks in the world lives in00:11:27
these animals with bizarre00:11:30
heads, they usually lead a solitary lifestyle, but in00:11:33
prayer lu00:11:34
they gather in giant schools, these00:11:37
predators live here constantly,00:11:40
while their relatives, the Galapagos and00:11:42
bull sharks, only drop in here along00:11:44
the way, but finally, she is the largest00:11:47
shark on earth, the whale she can have00:11:51
length up to 13 meters and weigh up to 12 tons,00:11:54
but since the shark feeds on plankton, it does00:11:56
not pose a threat to humans;00:11:58
however,00:12:01
you will remember a meeting with such a giant for a long time; a meeting with a whale00:12:04
shark does not promise a person any danger; an00:12:07
accident can only happen00:12:10
due to the clumsiness of a person or animal00:12:12
because the whale shark has00:12:15
colossal power; giant schools of fish that00:12:21
look like clouds00:12:22
are a common sight for young fish; there00:12:24
are few places where you can find such00:12:26
aggregations of fish;00:12:28
this picture is simply mesmerizing.00:12:33
Scientists call this form of00:12:34
coexistence of animals collective00:12:37
intelligence, since in this way an individual has a00:12:40
greater chance of surviving; the larger the school, the00:12:43
smaller the individual fish the risk of becoming a00:12:45
victim of a predator, a00:12:47
collective response to an external threat00:12:49
significantly reduces the predator’s chances of a00:12:51
successful hunt; when it finds itself thicker than fish, it00:12:54
loses orientation in space and00:12:56
is defeated;00:13:03
this is what scientists call a super00:13:06
organism of a community which, through its00:13:09
organized actions, increases the00:13:11
individual’s chance of survival00:13:14
[music]00:13:24
but how did it happen that here in the middle of the00:13:27
Pacific Ocean there is a paradise of00:13:29
this size?00:13:50
this is followed by an upward00:13:52
current, the same as that of the Azores,00:13:55
it transports small organisms in the00:13:57
upper water layers, only thanks to00:14:02
such a food source is it possible for00:14:04
such natural wonders to exist00:14:08
[music]00:14:19
the scenery is changing now we want to00:14:23
study the situation in South Africa and00:14:26
find out whether wheeling is of a global00:14:29
nature.00:14:31
Whether ocean currents play an important00:14:34
part in the great orchestra of nature00:14:40
off the coast of South Africa, the00:14:42
cold Atlantic exchange current00:14:45
and the warm Agulhas current from the00:14:47
Indian Ocean meet here we discover a00:14:51
natural reservoir of rare beauty for00:14:54
marine life, the confluence of two currents00:14:56
means an abundance of food, and for land dwellers00:14:59
the climate is characterized by a warm00:15:01
summer and cold winter00:15:05
our destination00:15:07
shark am I where the00:15:10
world's largest population of great white sharks lives the00:15:12
fact is that on Geyser Island00:15:15
there is a 50,000-strong colony of sea00:15:18
lions which, unfortunately, are the favorite00:15:21
food of great white sharks at the moment it is00:15:24
mating season for sea lions the00:15:26
so-called owners of the beach, dominant00:15:30
males are busy protecting their golems00:15:32
from loving competitors, of course,00:15:35
at this time of year, hormones make themselves00:15:37
felt and real hell is going on in the water;00:15:40
numerous young animals00:15:42
arrange a duel and in this chaos,00:15:45
one or two dexterous males manage to get00:15:47
closer to the female, outwitting the older00:15:50
males an act of love begins in the water00:15:54
for us people, this sight may seem00:15:57
strange, it feels like a lion wants to00:16:00
drown the object of his desire, over and over00:16:02
again plunging the female under the water, the00:16:04
couple spins around in the water, not paying00:16:07
any attention to observers,00:16:09
since there are no great white sharks nearby,00:16:12
we dive under the water to00:16:14
watch the whimsical games of00:16:16
sea lions00:16:18
[music]00:16:28
underwater kelp thickets are00:16:31
also a shelter source of food00:16:34
they are called tropical forests of the oceans00:16:37
kelp provide shelter and protection for many00:16:40
plants and animals sea lions in this00:16:43
underwater jungle feel at00:16:45
home00:16:46
playing in this whimsical kelp forest00:16:48
they deftly maneuver between the plants00:16:54
having gotten used to our presence they even00:16:57
begin to play hide and seek with us if you00:17:01
decide to ignore them the animals00:17:03
will try to provoke you with playful00:17:05
attacks but okay let's00:17:08
play a little with these cute kids00:17:15
[music]00:17:31
we go further into the depths of the ocean00:17:34
our operator enters a special00:17:37
protective00:17:38
we are ready to cage soon the frightened birds00:17:44
soar into the sky and she appears, a great00:17:48
white shark,00:17:53
even if people, contrary to contradictory00:17:55
prejudices, were not on the menu of these00:17:58
sharks, it would still be difficult in their presence00:18:01
not to feel some anxiety00:18:04
accidents dramatic encounters00:18:06
between a person and a naked one happen00:18:08
regularly as rule with a fatal00:18:11
outcome the shark is like this by mistake, they deliberately00:18:14
the great white shark evaluates how00:18:16
edible the victim is using the so-00:18:18
called test bite, the shark’s teeth are00:18:23
razor sharp00:18:24
and the jaw compression force is more than00:18:27
five tons, which you can now00:18:29
see for yourself, our operator was00:18:32
more than satisfied the strength of the cells00:18:34
that the white shark tried to break for quite a long time00:18:41
[music]00:18:44
however, after several attempts00:18:46
to get to the contents of the cell, the shark00:18:49
gives up and disappears in the depths thanks to the00:18:58
merger of two large ocean00:18:59
currents off the coast of South Africa an environment has arisen00:19:03
that represents the entire food chain of00:19:05
underwater life the great white shark00:19:08
is important regulator of the00:19:10
ecological balance00:19:12
[music]00:19:16
we go to the interior of the mainland00:19:19
because the current of the Agulhas Bengals influence the00:19:22
local climate; the00:19:24
evaporation of water and the difference between00:19:27
the temperatures of the earth and water causes00:19:29
precipitation, thanks to which the00:19:31
Kiev region is distinguished by lush, lush00:19:34
vegetation; here you can find00:19:36
unique examples of flora, including00:19:38
numerous bushes;00:19:40
films USA00:19:45
but we continue our journey to00:19:47
the north and say goodbye to the cape region, the00:19:50
next destination is the African00:19:53
jungle00:19:55
[music]00:20:09
having covered several hundred kilometers we00:20:12
find ourselves in the jungle where the so-00:20:14
called big African five live, buffalos,00:20:17
rhinoceroses, leopards and elephants,00:20:23
they say that this is where humanity was born00:20:26
but one question arises:00:20:28
why are virgin forests and jungles00:20:31
encircling our entire planet?00:20:53
[music]00:20:58
we notice that00:21:01
several curious mongooses are watching us, looking at00:21:04
them it’s hard to believe that these cute00:21:06
animals are not afraid even of the black mamba,00:21:08
the most poisonous snake in Africa00:21:11
[music]00:21:15
we drive past a herd of zebras and begin00:21:18
the search for the king of animals, lion00:21:20
[music]00:21:30
and finally we find him, a lion lazily00:21:43
lounging under a bush, looking at his00:21:46
pride, the members of which are currently00:21:48
busy with00:21:49
mutual cleaning00:21:52
[music]00:22:00
finally one of the young lions notices00:22:03
the camera that we installed nearby,00:22:05
at first young and mature animals do not00:22:07
pay attention to it, they just00:22:16
lie hugging after all, it’s00:22:17
day today is very hot00:22:22
[music]00:22:29
[music]00:22:34
however, soon the alien object still00:22:37
arouses their interest the bravest00:22:39
guys00:22:40
slowly and carefully approach the world,00:22:43
then they seem to start posing,00:22:47
several more kids join them00:22:49
and in the end we get an excellent00:22:51
group photo of the bravest guys00:22:55
well00:22:58
[music]00:23:05
finally wakes up and the male we decide00:23:09
not to bother the lions anymore and move00:23:11
on00:23:12
[music]00:23:25
[music]00:23:27
we are lucky and we are witnessing a00:23:30
unique spectacle of birth them points00:23:34
we cross our fingers and because the mother is00:23:37
now completely defenseless against00:23:39
predators she begins tenderly licks the cub00:23:42
to stimulate its blood circulation00:23:45
right now it is being decided whether he will survive in the ears00:23:48
or not he must00:23:52
get back on his feet as soon as possible00:23:54
hurray it worked out and the baby and his mother00:23:58
leave the place of his birth the leopard00:24:03
he is clearly looking for something judging by how00:24:07
restlessly he rushes around the jungle00:24:09
[music]00:24:21
[music] the00:24:28
big cat drinks from the spring and00:24:31
again goes to scour the jungle00:24:34
we carefully follow her00:24:39
[music]00:24:52
and now it’s clear why the leopard looked00:25:10
so worried why she00:25:12
had all the bushes and trees in her belly, he was just00:25:14
looking for his partner now they can00:25:21
get down to business the female encourages the male00:25:24
to make love to him several00:25:26
times a day00:25:28
this will continue for several days00:25:30
in a row and each time after intercourse the female00:25:33
will roll on the ground as soon as she00:25:38
becomes pregnant the00:25:39
animals will part00:25:43
[music]00:25:49
the buffalo00:25:50
this wonderful animal always00:25:53
stays close to the pond be it even00:25:55
small and puddles, strangely enough, it is the00:25:58
buffalo and not any other animal that is00:26:00
responsible for the largest number of00:26:02
human deaths in Africa, it would seem that00:26:05
in this matter it is in no way a competitor to00:26:07
the lion and leopard, but if you look closely,00:26:09
everything becomes clear, the buffalo is a00:26:17
distant relative of the cattle00:26:19
livestock and weigh up to 2 tons, he is not embarrassed by the00:26:23
proximity of human habitation and he00:26:25
prefers to be close to00:26:27
water, he does not pay attention to others00:26:30
if they keep a distance from him,00:26:32
if approaching a buffalo causes his00:26:35
aggression to provoke, then this lazy00:26:37
measured animal will turn into a dangerous00:26:40
killer alone blow and enemies are able00:26:43
to leave a small truck near00:26:46
human settlements, often00:26:49
unpleasant encounters occur; human buffaloes are00:26:51
often fatal for00:26:53
the latter, but for us, black giants00:26:56
do not pose a threat because we keep00:26:58
at a safe distance; it is00:27:03
becoming increasingly difficult for wild animals to find00:27:05
secluded places for themselves due to human00:27:08
progress, many species have become00:27:10
endangered, for example, rhinoceroses,00:27:13
they live in small family groups00:27:15
in the undergrowth and eat tons of potions every day,00:27:19
while they wander onto lands that, due to the00:27:22
characteristics of the soil, can be00:27:24
used and as arable00:27:26
settlement of humans leads to the fact that00:27:29
more and more new lands begin to be cultivated00:27:32
as a result why the00:27:35
habitat and food resources of wild00:27:37
animals are declining00:27:41
[music]00:27:44
rhinoceroses are under double threat on the00:27:47
one hand00:27:48
due to the reduction of food resources and on00:27:50
the other due to poaching,00:27:52
the powder obtained from their horn in Asia00:27:55
is considered an aphrodisiac, which is why00:27:59
nature reserves are so00:28:01
carefully protected we met00:28:07
almost all the members of the Big Five the00:28:09
last animal left is the elephant and here00:28:15
they are in a herd migrating from reservoir to reservoir these00:28:20
peace-loving animals are up to 400:28:22
meters tall and weigh from two to five tons00:28:27
elephants are the largest of the new things of land00:28:30
animals a newborn elephant calf can00:28:34
weigh up to a hundred kilograms, the00:28:36
female carries a baby from 20 to 2200:28:40
months;00:28:41
elephants live in herds consisting of females00:28:45
and calves, and at the head of the herd is00:28:47
the main elephant, who plays a very important role in it;00:28:50
the size of the herd depends on the amount of00:28:53
food available;00:28:54
where there is a lot of it, small groups00:28:57
unite into one;00:29:03
this herd found quite an unusual00:29:06
body of water, the pool of an old abandoned00:29:08
hotel is not very attractive to00:29:10
humans, but the elephants clearly like it00:29:15
[music]00:29:30
now that the adult cubs00:29:33
have refreshed themselves, the herd goes back to the00:29:35
thickets and we say goodbye to them00:29:38
because it’s time for us to move00:29:46
on 10 thousand kilometers east of the00:29:49
dark continent in in the jungles of India we00:29:52
see an almost identical picture of00:29:56
dense thickets lush vegetation00:29:59
typical dry broadleaf forest00:30:02
but how is this possible why00:30:05
moving east along the equator00:30:07
we see the same vegetation as in00:30:09
Africa it is known that the axis of rotation of the earth00:30:15
has shifted slightly to the north but from a00:30:17
global point of view this is not it00:30:19
is essential that the equatorial zone encircling the entire00:30:22
planet00:30:23
has homogeneous00:30:25
vegetation and the ecological00:30:28
functions are the same for both the local and00:30:31
global climate00:30:33
[music]00:30:34
this zone is similar and00:30:36
determines the global climate north of the00:30:39
equator, a dry, hot climate predominates, the00:30:42
sphere of influence of which extends00:30:45
to the African continent where it00:30:47
is replaced by a maritime climate and to the south the climate becomes00:30:52
milder where00:30:54
weather fluctuations are smoothed out and00:30:56
the temperature amplitude decreases, although in the summer00:31:00
months the average temperature can00:31:01
be 40 degrees Celsius the00:31:03
difference between day and night is not as00:31:05
striking as for example in the desert where it00:31:07
can be 50 degrees hot during the day00:31:09
and at night almost frosts00:31:16
as a result of this phenomenon and a00:31:19
dense jungle arose, acting as the lungs of the00:31:22
earth, and on the edge of this zone a tropical forest grew00:31:26
later, we will return to this topic, the00:31:30
rainy season is approaching before the00:31:35
long-awaited monsoon begins, animals00:31:37
gather near reservoirs, it is not surprising that00:31:41
quarrels arise, this boar is definitely00:31:44
confident that only he has the right00:31:46
to be here and he knows how to defend this00:31:51
right00:31:55
[music]00:32:09
and00:32:10
[music]00:32:12
both people and animals are waiting for the monsoon of the00:32:18
rainy season, which will bring down its power on the earth00:32:20
and fill the great rivers and00:32:23
reservoirs of India with water for a whole year, lamas of00:32:29
Mount Hanuman and also gather near00:32:31
ponds, but it seems that the threat of wild pigs does00:32:33
not scare them00:32:34
in India, these monkeys are considered00:32:37
sacred because they are very similar to the00:32:39
monkey god Hanuman, the son of the goddess Shiva,00:32:43
Hanuman is the patron of village life and00:32:46
at the same time the god of the teachings of Lan Gur and they00:32:50
feel great among the tree00:32:53
foliage the00:32:55
trees give them and food and shelter00:32:59
here they feel like Christ in their00:33:02
bosom, which is why00:33:06
these monkeys are so00:33:09
cheerful and self-confident00:33:17
[music] while00:33:35
watching the monkeys, we noticed at the00:33:38
edge of the forest an Indian deer or an00:33:40
axis relative of the European fallow deer; a00:33:43
characteristic feature of these animals,00:33:46
without a doubt, is their motley fur,00:33:48
which As a rule, the axis camouflages them well00:33:51
and live in groups of five to 10 individuals00:33:53
and the composition of these groups is constantly changing; the00:33:56
mating period00:33:58
between males often occurs in a00:34:00
duel, but bloodshed is usually00:34:03
avoided00:34:07
[music]00:34:12
but the long-eared owl was not impressed by this scene00:34:15
and she again hid in her00:34:18
hollow00:34:22
[ music]00:34:44
axis and graze mainly in the meadows00:34:47
directly adjacent to the forest so that00:34:49
in case of danger they can quickly00:34:52
hide there, local residents often call00:34:57
these knees and tiger food since their00:35:00
population is regulated by thousands of seven hundred00:35:02
tigers currently00:35:04
living in India gaurs are the largest00:35:19
representatives of cattle00:35:21
adults can weigh up to 100000:35:24
kilograms their limbs from hooves to00:35:27
ankles are covered with white00:35:29
hair all would be light gray the Indian00:35:33
population of gauravs was practically00:35:35
exterminated and hunters and diseases00:35:39
thinned their ranks so much that gaurs were00:35:41
included in the red list of00:35:44
endangered species but With the help of the00:35:49
breeding and relocation program, the00:35:51
Indian government managed to return the Gaurav to00:35:53
most regions of the country. The00:35:56
relocation of the Gaurav is considered one of the00:35:58
most successful conservation projects of the00:36:00
Indian government00:36:02
of which it is rightfully proud00:36:10
[music]00:36:20
at first glance bronze resembles a00:36:23
fox but in fact00:36:25
its other name is red wolf buon As an00:36:29
endangered and extremely rare species, these00:36:33
predators live in packs of00:36:35
up to 15 individuals.00:36:37
During the hunt, they drive their prey00:36:40
until it is exhausted and then00:36:42
kills it with the whole pack, just like a hyena.00:36:45
prominent dogs00:36:48
[music] is that00:37:02
you00:37:03
[music]00:37:14
[music ]00:37:16
everyone knows the Shere Khan tiger from00:37:19
Kipling's Jungle Book,00:37:21
the action that took place in the province of00:37:24
Madhya Pradesh, the last00:37:27
Indian tigers live here and the last00:37:29
representative of this particular species in the world, the00:37:33
tiger is the personification of the tragic00:37:36
history of nature since time immemorial,00:37:43
this mighty cat has been a symbol of strength00:37:45
and power and not only in India00:37:49
powerful leaders for their courage and00:37:51
strength were often compared to tigers;00:37:57
currently there are about00:37:59
1,700 tigers in India; when you were here there were hundreds of00:38:03
thousands of them; but as a result of the hunting00:38:05
expeditions of the Maharajas and colonists, these00:38:08
animals a hundred years ago were in00:38:10
danger of extinction; further00:38:13
decline the number of tigers was00:38:15
associated with the destruction of their habitat, the00:38:17
urbanization of the jungle, their clashes with00:38:20
humans, even here there is fierce competition between tigers and the00:38:24
growing human population for00:38:28
habitat. Tigers of the 21st century live in protected00:38:32
zones, they feed on large00:38:35
artiodactyls, and their thirst for movement is00:38:37
limited by the fence of the reserve00:38:39
designed to protect and count from their00:38:41
main enemies00:38:42
us00:38:46
their rials predators are important00:38:49
regulators of the number of axis of and00:38:51
animals of similar size tigers which00:38:55
can weigh from 250 grams lead a00:38:57
solitary lifestyle and are found only00:39:00
during the mating period cubs are00:39:02
raised by the female and the male leaves00:39:05
despite the protective measures of the Indian00:39:07
government00:39:08
scientists fear that in the future the chances of00:39:11
tigers to survive are extremely small;00:39:13
skeptics even believe that the last tiger00:39:16
will die in the next half century; this is00:39:21
due to two reasons: firstly, in00:39:24
the future, the tiger’s habitat will be00:39:26
reduced; secondly, the tiger population00:39:29
has decreased to a size at which it is00:39:33
no longer possible to avoid incest between animals; government of India00:39:37
together with the World Wildlife Fund00:39:40
is doing everything to prevent this, but the00:39:43
tiger population is still growing very00:39:45
slowly,00:39:50
unfortunately, humanity may lose00:39:54
this amazing miracle of nature, the00:39:56
largest wild cat in the world, then we00:40:04
are going to a completely different jungle00:40:07
in Costa Rica, the reserve is going to caste an00:40:11
area of about hundreds of thousands of hectares00:40:14
stretches from the Pacific coast00:40:16
through mountains up to two kilometers high to the00:40:20
lowlands near the Caribbean Sea,00:40:27
mangrove forests grow here on the coast00:40:29
and further from the coast there are famous cloud00:40:32
forests.00:40:33
This region of the earth00:40:35
is responsible for the global climate because the00:40:39
green lungs of the planet are renewed here, about 230 thousand00:40:43
species of flora and fauna00:40:45
thrives in this extremely diverse00:40:47
environment they say that here in the foothills00:40:53
covered with tropical forest you can see00:40:56
truly virgin nature we00:40:59
move from the coast along the river and00:41:00
meet a group of crocodiles dozing on the00:41:03
shore00:41:05
these prehistoric animals are00:41:08
common in tropical regions00:41:10
around the world they prefer to be00:41:13
in fresh water near the shores00:41:15
but brackish water also suits them00:41:19
[music]00:41:25
mangrove forests consist of palm trees00:41:29
and shrubs growing in subtropical00:41:32
tidal zones near the equator and00:41:34
are one of the most productive00:41:36
ecosystems on the planet near a salty river00:41:39
many large and small animals00:41:41
live in their natural environment00:41:43
far from people and civilization in the foliage of a00:41:48
tree, we notice another guest from the00:41:50
prehistoric era, the iguana is dozing, not00:41:53
paying any attention to us, in the00:41:56
mangrove forest of the guano caste, the00:41:59
largest population of iguanas lives after the one that00:42:01
lives on the Galapagos Islands, these00:42:04
lizards can reach 2 meters in length00:42:07
and the tail is often the length of the rest of the00:42:10
body; the head and rut are often decorated with00:42:13
scaly ridges, and in males they are00:42:15
larger than in females; these ridges00:42:19
play an important role during courtship and00:42:21
fights with rivals; on the back the scales are00:42:24
usually small;00:42:26
on the stomach they are large, but00:42:28
unevenly located; the young feed on00:42:30
insects and other invertebrates,00:42:33
but adults, especially those that are larger,00:42:36
prefer plant foods.00:42:39
Judging by fossil finds, iguanas00:42:42
lived on the earth already in the Cretaceous period 5500:42:45
million years ago, so along with00:42:47
crocodiles they are the oldest00:42:49
land creatures of the earth.00:42:52
We continue our journey. The mangrove00:42:55
forest is becoming ever denser.00:42:57
the foliage lets in less and less light00:43:00
[music] the00:43:03
tops of the trees00:43:05
are home to perfectly camouflaged capuchins00:43:08
they live in groups of 800:43:11
to 30 animals the group consists of00:43:14
several males and females and their common00:43:17
offspring00:43:19
after weaning the00:43:21
young females usually remain in their native00:43:23
group on the top of the capuchins dark00:43:27
fur cap the00:43:29
rest of the fur on the face is white in00:43:32
older animals00:43:34
something like a hedgehog can form on the forehead the00:43:38
fur on the head of monkeys in its color and00:43:41
pattern resembles a hood00:43:43
capuchin monks00:43:45
[music]00:43:52
capuchins00:43:53
live in trees and their diet consists00:43:56
of fruits insects plants small00:43:59
invertebrates and grain next door, on00:44:03
high branches, there is a group of macaws,00:44:08
these colorful parrots are quite noisy00:44:11
neighbors whose neighbors are not easy to shout over the00:44:14
note of, well, it is quite comfortable here;00:44:17
its feature is the beak, with the help of00:44:21
which the bird regulates its00:44:23
body temperature due to00:44:25
biodiversity and a humid, warm climate;00:44:27
this environment is ideal for a00:44:30
tree snake; this one of the most00:44:33
common snakes in the border zone00:44:35
between mangrove00:44:36
and tropical forests00:44:42
[music]00:44:47
but let's look at the ground where the00:44:50
colony of Christ Rez ants is working;00:44:53
it's amazing how these tiny creatures00:44:56
carry whole leaves from the trees to the ground00:45:00
[music]00:45:11
watching the ants we notice a 4-00:45:15
meter strike and although this animal00:45:19
enchants us with its beauty,00:45:20
we keep a safe distance from it. The boa constrictor is00:45:24
active at dusk and at night during the day00:45:27
it hides in caves, hollow trees and00:45:30
other shelters,00:45:31
only occasionally crawling out to bask in the00:45:33
sun. The boa constrictor00:45:35
uses two main methods of hunting;00:45:39
it either follows the scent of the prey00:45:42
or waits for the right moment to attack00:45:45
when the prey is00:45:48
close enough, he makes a lightning-fast throw00:45:52
and strangles the victim, according to the Indians, there were00:45:59
even cases when boa constrictors swallowed00:46:01
small children, these facts have not yet00:46:04
been confirmed,00:46:05
but it is known that boa constrictors are capable of00:46:07
swallowing animals several times00:46:09
larger than them in size,00:46:12
we decide more do not disturb the animal00:46:15
and move on, a00:46:26
perfectly camouflaged green00:46:28
tree snake watches for prey in the00:46:30
mangrove foliage this animal is considered one00:46:35
of the most dangerous inhabitants of the mangrove00:46:37
forests of Costa Rica00:46:41
we have reached the upper floors of the00:46:44
guanaco mangrove forest 100 and now we enter the00:46:47
foggy forest here we see another00:46:52
characteristic feature of this region, the00:46:54
craters of active volcanoes in the middle of a00:46:56
foggy forest,00:46:57
having risen to one of them we00:46:59
find ourselves in the smoke rising from the00:47:01
underworld, the view from the hill is00:47:06
truly mesmerizing when you are00:47:09
here, you get the feeling that this world has00:47:12
just been created by a creator,00:47:19
now we understand why virgin00:47:21
forests in the equator region are00:47:23
called green with the lungs of the earth here00:47:26
you feel the breath of the forest and begin00:47:28
to understand what the great plan00:47:31
of nature is00:47:33
[music]00:47:45
in the forest we meet a sloth these animals00:47:49
spend almost their entire lives hanging on00:47:51
branches curved claws function as00:47:57
hooks sloths feed almost00:47:59
exclusively on leaves00:48:00
so if the destruction of forests00:48:03
continues then soon this sloth00:48:06
will not be able to climb trees and branches00:48:08
because they simply will not be here and00:48:12
this picturesque waterfall00:48:14
will also not irrigate the green paradise of the buono00:48:16
caste, if at least she is a gear of the00:48:19
great mechanism of nature disappears, then the00:48:22
whole system will simply fail00:48:30
[music]00:48:46
this is a miracle of nature the00:48:48
green lungs of our planet are00:48:50
under serious threat00:48:52
to a unique reserve where00:48:54
many animals live, for example, these frogs have00:48:57
long had the eye of representatives of the00:48:58
timber industry; the jungle on the00:49:02
outskirts of the reserve is slowly but surely00:49:04
being dug in, which leaves deep scars00:49:07
on the biosystem; if the destruction of00:49:13
tropical forests continues, then soon00:49:16
similar species will be seen only00:49:18
in pictures when our world can no longer00:49:24
breathe,00:49:25
it will become completely different, this cannot be allowed to00:49:28
happen, this amazing miracle of nature,00:49:30
enchanting with its vibrant00:49:32
diversity, must definitely be00:49:34
preserved00:49:37
[music]00:49:51
[music]00:49:59
then we go south to Patagonia,00:50:02
known as the land of giants, here the00:50:05
climate character is determined cold00:50:07
Peruvian current00:50:08
icy polar winds blow freely over the00:50:11
endless plains in 1999, the00:50:15
Valdez Peninsula was declared a00:50:18
World Natural Heritage Site by UNESCO00:50:20
in the north of the peninsula with an area of three00:50:23
thousand six hundred twenty-five kilometers00:50:25
there is the only colony of elephant seals in South America; the00:50:32
largest seals on00:50:34
the planet owe their name to a large trunk00:50:36
like Elephant seals00:50:38
that the males have, the animal00:50:41
rests in groups on the beach under the00:50:42
protection of a high sand dune and00:50:45
enjoys sleep about 8,000 elephant00:50:48
seals,00:50:49
500 of which the alpha males spend the summer00:50:52
in the southern hemisphere00:50:53
on the beach of the Valdez Peninsula where they00:50:55
mate and give birth00:51:02
[music]00:51:04
young animals are easy to distinguish judging by their00:51:07
dark fur, they have already been weaned00:51:09
but do not want to put up with the fact that the dairy00:51:11
kitchen is closed for them and it’s time for them to get00:51:14
acquainted with the serious side of life00:51:16
to improve the art of sleep, hunting and00:51:19
self-feeding. Golf Bay00:51:23
goes far inland,00:51:25
so the waters near the Valdez Peninsula00:51:28
are protected from cold golf stream, the00:51:30
water temperature here is several00:51:33
degrees higher than the open sea, this00:51:35
place is officially considered a nursery for right00:51:38
whales, about one and a half thousand right whales,00:51:41
most of which females spend00:51:43
the spring and summer in this lagoon mating00:51:45
and giving birth to calves,00:51:52
in mid-October the males swim here00:51:55
and join the huge group females00:51:57
watching these gentle giants from00:52:00
such a close distance is something00:52:02
incredible00:52:05
[music]00:52:12
animals often hunt near the surface with their00:52:15
mouths wide open00:52:17
these giants cut through waves00:52:19
filtering water and absorbing00:52:21
up to 2 tons of food daily00:52:26
males00:52:27
use wrestling techniques to00:52:29
push their rivals away from females00:52:33
during mating whales' bodies00:52:35
overheat despite the cold water00:52:39
animals cool the bloodstream for several00:52:42
days by exposing their tail fins from the water00:52:44
and this helps00:52:47
since this is the only part of the body00:52:49
unprotected by a centimeter layer of fat and00:52:52
skin00:52:55
[music]00:53:15
more than a century and a half ago, Charles Darwin00:53:17
arrived here on his ship Beagle00:53:20
captain of the ship Fitzroy wrote in the00:53:23
logbook after meeting the silent00:53:26
giants of the seas, you return home a00:53:28
different person00:53:34
today these words are just as relevant as00:53:37
then we spent the whole day watching the00:53:39
animals and were rewarded with a00:53:41
beautiful sunset00:53:43
[music]00:54:10
and00:54:18
[music]00:54:30
penguins live in Patagonia and you can00:54:32
meet them on any coast of this00:54:34
gigantic region, Darwin visited a00:54:37
colony of crested penguins00:54:38
off the coast of Rio Annoyance and wrote them in00:54:42
his book crested penguins are a00:54:44
widespread species in 2005,00:54:48
their global population was estimated at three00:54:50
million 700 thousand individuals,00:54:56
today the island is home to about 20,00000:54:59
penguins,00:55:00
cute crests as always in00:55:03
close quarters and a constant struggle for the best00:55:05
nesting places, because now is the mating00:55:08
season00:55:09
[music]00:55:29
quarrels and fights occur here constantly,00:55:32
penguins express their intention openly00:55:34
and in all available ways using their00:55:37
beak and claws, they fight until00:55:40
one gives up and leaves if the male00:55:43
approaches to someone else's nest, the owner makes00:55:46
it clear that he will defend00:55:48
his territory to the last in such cases,00:55:52
the intruder is better off retreating00:55:54
[music]00:56:07
on the way from Rio de Sada00:56:09
we swim past a colony of sea lions, the00:56:12
same as in South Africa, at the00:56:16
moment thousands of animals live here,00:56:18
local males also jealously protect00:56:20
their harems on young animals, their00:56:24
bravado is not impressive,00:56:25
some of them play on the edge of a cliff and00:56:27
jump into the water, while others doze in the00:56:30
morning sun, even if there is00:56:32
a struggle for territory nearby00:56:38
[music]00:56:44
and00:56:49
until the end of the last century, millions of Patagonian00:56:52
sea lions were mercilessly exterminated00:56:55
the population of the southern hemisphere00:56:58
was almost completely destroyed,00:57:00
but nowadays, fortunately, it is gradually00:57:03
being restored00:57:10
when we return to the mainland, the wind00:57:14
intensifies and a storm gathers at the base of00:57:17
Chios protrudes into the sea for 30 kilometers00:57:20
on the wind-blown rocks, lush vegetation has taken hold00:57:26
[music]00:57:34
we meet here these guanacos the animals00:57:37
are believed to be the ancestors of llamas and alpacas although00:57:40
this has not been conclusively proven in the plains00:57:46
under fire and00:57:47
there are more guanacos than anywhere else00:57:49
in south america00:57:51
they usually live in small herds of up to00:57:54
15 individuals00:57:56
[music]00:58:05
guanacos00:58:06
often share habitat with other00:58:08
animals00:58:11
[music]00:58:13
here on to will sleep with00:58:15
they share it with grave new penguins00:58:18
in this colony there are00:58:19
about thirty thousand birds these penguins00:58:22
were named grave new00:58:24
because they are often present on00:58:26
the coast of the grave hole nicks they are very00:58:30
sociable birds they live close to each00:58:34
other especially during the mating season for nesting00:58:37
they they dig small holes and00:58:39
line them with something soft,00:58:41
although something still needs to be found and00:58:43
this is not an easy task. Magellanic00:58:50
penguins treat their partners with great tenderness;00:58:53
they can often be seen00:58:55
building nearby under the warm rays of00:58:57
the sun and preening each other’s feathers00:59:05
period mating lasts about 40 days at00:59:08
this time predators, such as a skunk,00:59:10
try to steal eggs from the nests00:59:13
[music]00:59:17
[applause]00:59:22
[music]00:59:30
two helpers found prey in an00:59:33
abandoned nest,00:59:34
but the next nest is guarded with a00:59:38
threatening gesture, the mother penguin00:59:40
warns the birds not to approach the00:59:43
rare Darwin's rhea a guest in the colony, he00:59:47
walks around it with the proud majesty00:59:49
of a king, but at the same time keeps a00:59:51
fair distance from the nests. Penguins00:59:58
recognize each other by their voice. Each01:00:01
animal has its own01:00:03
characteristic sound that it makes so01:00:05
that the partner can find it. The relationship01:00:08
of penguins usually lasts a very long time. long01:00:12
[music]01:00:33
on the beach it immediately becomes clear which01:00:36
environment is better suited for penguins on land,01:00:39
they move minaj with the gait of Charlie01:00:41
Chaplin, but in the water they are agile and agile01:00:50
[music]01:01:00
we have reached the southernmost point of our01:01:03
journey, we have established relationships01:01:06
between the wonders of nature, the consequences of01:01:09
geological activity, and ocean01:01:12
currents and climatic zones, in01:01:15
conclusion, I would like to01:01:17
talk in more detail about the origin of our planet,01:01:20
for this we will be transported to somewhere we01:01:22
can show as clearly as possible,01:01:26
Hawaii is the most remote01:01:29
and densely populated island of the planet, it01:01:32
is located in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, three01:01:35
thousand eight hundred and 50 kilometers from01:01:37
California and six thousand one hundred01:01:39
ninety-five kilometers from Japan, all the01:01:44
Hawaiian islands are of volcanic01:01:46
origin, like a string of pearls, they01:01:49
stretch in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, at the01:01:52
moment there are more than 90 volcanoes known here,01:01:55
but there may be many more01:02:01
[music]01:02:08
these islands are born from fire and water,01:02:12
created by endless energy, dormant01:02:15
energy hidden in the bowels of the earth01:02:18
capable of suddenly bursting to the01:02:19
surface,01:02:20
spewing hot magma to the skies in01:02:24
Hawaii, volcanic processes01:02:25
developed differently in other regions,01:02:27
not in the continental peripheral zone01:02:30
where individual earth layers collide,01:02:32
but in the center of the huge Pacific plate01:02:35
it moves over a particularly hot spot01:02:38
through which an01:02:41
incredible heat burning through the01:02:44
earth's crust like a flame with a blowtorch,01:02:47
because of this hot spot,01:02:50
perforation of the Pacific plate occurred, and this is how01:02:53
volcanoes arise to this day,01:02:54
delivering gigantic volumes of magma to the earth's surface,01:02:58
only here you can be so01:03:00
close to the origins of our planet, as01:03:03
for nature, even here literally01:03:06
on the lid of the cauldron with magma there is01:03:08
vegetation;01:03:09
these bushes have perfectly adapted to01:03:12
local conditions;01:03:13
they grow as close to the hot lava as01:03:15
possible; soon01:03:18
after the lava hardens, it01:03:20
cracks due to the incredible01:03:22
tension force inside the volcano; after a01:03:26
while, the first plants appear in the cracks01:03:30
if no eruptions occur for several years, the01:03:33
slopes of the craters become01:03:36
green, hot streams of lava flow into the sea and01:03:39
harden incredibly quickly01:03:43
[music]01:03:58
in the middle of this center of great elements there01:04:02
is a rainbow waterfall,01:04:04
it owes its name to the rainbow01:04:06
that often appears at its foot, the01:04:10
waters of the rivers and bows collapse from a01:04:13
semicircular rock, lice hands, a pool on the01:04:15
sides of which grow tropical01:04:17
plants of incredible sizes,01:04:19
including wild arum01:04:22
[music]01:04:25
this is probably an earthly paradise in the dense01:04:28
jungle of Hawaii you can find01:04:30
many rare flower plants, it’s01:04:32
not for nothing that these islands are called God’s01:04:36
pharmacy, the locals were real masters of01:04:39
herbal medicine passed this art down01:04:44
from mouth to mouth from generation to generation,01:04:48
but now it is almost forgotten01:04:53
halimah uma The largest crater in Hawaii,01:04:56
its dimensions are 700 by 900 meters, the crater01:05:00
is located next to the largest01:05:02
active volcano on the planet and it01:05:04
contains01:05:05
lava lakes 150 meters deep01:05:08
despite unfavorable conditions01:05:10
there is also vegetation01:05:12
that even constant fires cannot01:05:16
prevent the emergence of life01:05:19
[music]01:05:22
this natural performance personifies the01:05:25
process of destruction and creation01:05:27
which, despite its primitiveness,01:05:29
it is impossible to stop the heat from the stones the01:05:33
smell of smoke and sulfur mixes with the aroma of01:05:36
plants an aroma similar to which you will01:05:39
not found nowhere else in the world01:05:42
[music]01:05:49
[music]01:06:02
[music]01:06:09
when magma near the coast cools,01:06:12
so-called lava tubes are formed01:06:15
inside so the lava remains unchanged and the01:06:18
outer shell continues to cool and01:06:22
tunnels are formed through which01:06:25
lava can flow unhindered, the outer01:06:27
layers of solidified lava01:06:29
create a unique habitat for01:06:31
underwater creatures01:06:38
white-feathered baba has a laterally flattened01:06:40
body thanks to which she can01:06:43
hide from predators in narrow crevices and01:06:45
cracks01:06:46
in these caves there is something01:06:49
mystical,01:06:50
especially when you think that01:06:53
hot lava has never flowed through them and now it’s01:06:55
boiling here again life01:07:04
[music]01:07:09
sharks only rest in these tunnels01:07:12
and other fish spend their entire lives in them01:07:14
giant k runx is an01:07:20
extremely popular dish in Hawaii01:07:22
this is an incredibly strong fish because its01:07:25
shoulders are surrounded by massive01:07:27
muscles they act as oars and01:07:31
also strengthen the pectoral and caudal01:07:34
fins through a tunnel and to the surface of the01:07:38
sea near the islands,01:07:40
nutrient-rich water flows into the sea, a large01:07:46
green turtle swims gracefully in the01:07:49
shallow waters of the reefs, the green turtle01:07:52
is one of the most famous01:07:54
representatives of the sea turtle family01:08:08
[music]01:08:14
the name is associated with the color of the shell, the01:08:16
upper part of which is mainly a01:08:19
brownish tint with green or dark01:08:21
brown splashes of01:08:29
green turtles are found in all01:08:32
tropical and subtropical oceans, as01:08:34
well as in the Mediterranean Sea, they are01:08:39
rare ocean hunters and guests in Hawaiian waters, the01:08:42
tiger shark01:08:44
feeds on sea turtles, birds and01:08:46
fish, including other sharks, it is01:08:50
not at all picky, it eats everything that is01:08:52
found in within reach we01:09:01
slowly rise to the surface we01:09:04
have a long way to go along the coast to the01:09:06
next dive site and we don’t01:09:08
want to be late because only at night in the01:09:11
waters of the splashes you can see a unique01:09:13
natural performance01:09:22
[music]01:09:26
pouring on at night here you can meet01:09:30
manta rays01:09:32
despite their strange appearance it01:09:35
comparatively peaceful animals at night they01:09:40
come here to hunt, but this sight is01:09:45
definitely not for the impressionable and01:09:47
faint of heart, anyone who has ever looked01:09:50
into the mouth of a cattle will always remember this01:09:52
feeling01:09:56
[music] the01:10:05
next point of our journey is01:10:07
Yellowstone National Park, here as a01:10:11
result of volcanic and thermal01:10:12
activity an environment has also arisen01:10:15
which plant animals are forced01:10:17
to adapt in 1872, the01:10:23
world's first national park was founded here, the01:10:27
area near the Yellowstone River is considered the01:10:30
only ecosystem of the northern01:10:32
hemisphere preserved in its original01:10:34
form, this land of contrasts where you can01:10:37
see with your own eyes how01:10:39
our land was born,01:10:42
streams and rivers emit steam under the morning01:10:45
sun01:10:46
precisely at such moments it becomes01:10:48
clear what makes this place so01:10:50
special - geysers shoot01:10:53
hot water into the air, the scale of this stunning01:10:56
landscape is truly mesmerizing and the01:10:58
incredible power of the dormant underground01:11:00
volcano makes it truly01:11:02
unique01:11:05
[music]01:11:32
and this is the image that most01:11:36
people associate with01:11:38
Yellowstone National Park a large prismatic01:11:41
source from the air, it resembles an eye,01:11:45
depending on the temperature of the source,01:11:48
microorganisms of different colors are formed in it,01:11:50
sparkling under the rays of the sun, under01:11:53
the park there is a giant bubble of01:11:55
magma, which is the cause of01:11:58
this natural phenomenon, a01:11:59
geyser, a faithful old man throws a01:12:02
40-meter-high water fountain into the sky01:12:08
everywhere he goes. take a look at the steam geysers01:12:10
would become geysers into the Yala river groan01:12:15
small warm hands flow into this landscape01:12:18
there is something mystical something truly01:12:20
prehistoric01:12:22
[music] the01:12:38
middle pool is also an01:12:41
ideal environment for numerous01:12:43
animals01:12:44
[music]01:12:50
and01:12:53
[music]01:13:02
and01:13:06
not far from the hot sources and at01:13:08
the same time, near the upper basin of01:13:10
Yellowstone National Park, the01:13:12
largest mammals of the01:13:14
American continent,01:13:16
bison, live; they demand respect and01:13:21
given their mass, this requirement is easily01:13:23
achievable; a male bison can weigh up to01:13:27
1000 kilograms and a female up to 600; bison01:13:31
were the main source of food for the01:13:33
American Indians; they were killed01:13:35
exactly as many animals as they01:13:37
needed with the arrival of European01:13:40
settlers, the situation changed dramatically, they01:13:43
mercilessly exterminated bison, which01:13:45
brought the animals to the brink of extinction01:13:49
[music]01:13:54
in Yellowstone Park, the last large01:13:56
herd of bison lives under strict protection,01:13:59
the population is slowly recovering, but01:14:02
it will never reach the size01:14:04
that was recorded in North01:14:06
America, just over a century ago,01:14:10
ideal conditions were also created for black bears in the park,01:14:12
so their population is large,01:14:14
according to the latest estimates,01:14:17
from 500 to 650 of them live here. The black bear has a01:14:22
powerful croup and strong limbs with five01:14:25
strong claws with which they01:14:27
tear prey and dig the ground. and climb the01:14:30
trees he has a small tail like all01:14:34
bears and a large head with an01:14:36
elongated hairless muzzle small01:14:38
eyes and round erect ears01:14:41
[music]01:14:49
[applause]01:14:51
this bear01:14:53
hunts on the river bank because you01:14:56
taimen is a delicacy not only01:14:59
for fishermen but also for A clubfooted bear01:15:08
wanders knee-deep in water, but today he is01:15:11
unlucky [music]01:15:15
[applause]01:15:18
[music]01:15:19
[applause]01:15:28
in 1872, when the park was founded,01:15:33
45 wolf packs lived here, only about 32501:15:37
individuals, despite the strictest01:15:39
protection measures, by 1978 all wolves were01:15:43
exterminated;01:15:44
early research conducted over the years01:15:46
showed that wolves play an important role in01:15:49
maintaining balance in Yellowstone,01:15:51
but for a long time this remained01:15:54
unproven. Only in 1995,01:15:58
31 Canadian01:16:01
gray wolves were brought to Yellowstone; the animals were taken under01:16:03
protection and now the park is home to 325 wolves,01:16:07
which is not a small number their contribution to01:16:09
maintaining the ecological balance is01:16:11
no longer in doubt the Heiden valley01:16:14
is located on a plateau,01:16:16
looking at these green forests it is difficult01:16:19
to believe that the average height here01:16:20
is 2400 meters, millions of years01:16:25
the river has carved its bed in solid stone01:16:27
and continues to do so at a speed of 201:16:30
centimeters per year and this amazing01:16:33
because basalt is an extremely hard01:16:36
stone that can only be destroyed by an01:16:38
incredibly powerful force the river falls in a01:16:42
waterfall from a height of 32 meters, here it01:16:46
picks up speed again and turns into a01:16:48
roaring stream01:16:49
with many fast mesmerizing01:16:52
farewell performance [01:16:54
music]01:17:00
[music]01:17:03
we are transported a thousand kilometers to the01:17:06
grand canyon01:17:08
[music]01:17:12
perhaps there are canyons in the world that are larger01:17:15
or deeper, but none of them are01:17:19
capable of inspiring such delight and01:17:21
awe as the Grand Canyon, when you stand on the01:17:25
edge of this gigantic gorge, you get01:17:28
the feeling that you have been transported to Mars01:17:30
because this is an absolutely unearthly landscape01:17:35
here immediately becomes It’s clear why01:17:38
the primitives once and for thousands of years01:17:40
worshiped the wonders of nature, if01:17:43
you look at the Colorado River from the air,01:17:46
it seems to be biting into the Grand Canyon,01:17:48
but even from here you can see that the river has eroded01:17:51
layers of rock from different eras, this is01:17:54
Caillebotte sandstone, and at the edge of the canyon you can01:17:57
easily recognize red like them but suddenly01:18:03
you see the whole picture in a completely different01:18:05
light, your eyes and mouth01:18:07
open wide and you are amazed at the beauty of01:18:10
this monument to the creation of the earth in the Grand01:18:13
Canyon,01:18:14
even hardened skeptics realize that01:18:17
this miracle of nature will outlive humanity01:18:23
and01:18:24
[music] the01:18:26
Colorado River flows through the Grand Canyon01:18:28
for a thousand six hundred kilometers01:18:32
having covered two thousand 400 kilometers it01:18:35
flows into the Gulf of Mexico01:18:42
in a marble canyon the river washed away food01:18:46
no women and reached the sandstone the01:18:49
row iv both layers of rock are extremely hard01:18:53
so the Colorado has almost01:18:55
vertical banks01:18:58
[music]01:19:01
every second01:19:03
eight and a half flows through the bed of the Colorado River million01:19:05
liters of water the river is also the01:19:08
undisputed world champion in01:19:10
transportation01:19:11
every day Colorado moves 2701:19:14
million tons of ella to transfer01:19:18
such a volume by land it would take01:19:20
2.7 million trucks with a01:19:22
carrying capacity of 10 tons. There are a01:19:27
lot of tributaries. The river basin01:19:31
has an area of seven hundred and three thousand01:19:33
square meters. kilometers,01:19:34
which is 3 times the area of England,01:19:41
and this is largely the merit of prairie dogs digging01:19:45
their underground tunnels; they not only01:19:48
provide other inhabitants of the prairies like owl snakes with01:19:50
shelter and a place for nesting,01:19:53
but also loosen the hard soil01:19:57
and01:20:00
[music]01:20:11
and very nearby, literally on the01:20:15
next rock01:20:16
live with gentle bars they are excellent01:20:20
climbers01:20:21
and usually live on the steep slopes of the01:20:23
southern rim of the canyon in the grand canyon01:20:32
you can find volcanic01:20:35
rock formations and rock deposits that are01:20:37
about 700 million years old dating back to the01:20:40
oldest geological era before the Cambrian The01:20:45
diversity of nature and the Grand Canyon01:20:47
is a consequence of the altitude and01:20:49
climate changes in the canyon 5 zones of01:20:52
vegetation river and coastal zone01:20:56
desert zone inside the canyon plateau01:20:59
southern edge where yellow pine and01:21:02
servers grow the edge where the spruce forest is located01:21:10
having been in the Grand Canyon you can get a01:21:13
complete picture of the geological01:21:15
history of the evolution of the earth by01:21:17
rising to a height of two and a half01:21:20
kilometers you can count geological01:21:22
epochs are like rings on the cut of a tree, we01:21:29
became acquainted with the most beautiful wonders01:21:32
of nature and found out the reason for their appearance01:21:34
and existence; however, at the next01:21:39
point of our trip to the Marshall01:21:41
Islands, we will become acquainted with the01:21:44
opposite phenomenon of the terrible agony of01:21:46
destruction caused by man; the01:21:49
phrase Pacific Ocean is01:21:51
usually associated with picturesque words01:21:54
about Lama01:21:55
coral reefs, beaches, clear water,01:21:59
sun and fun, however, the Marshall01:22:02
Islands became the site of one of the01:22:04
worst environmental crimes of01:22:06
humanity, radioactive contamination of01:22:08
all the island group of01:22:11
Bikini Atoll in the northern part of the islands in the01:22:15
summer of 1946, the USA exploded here and was the01:22:20
first bomb in a series of nuclear tests in01:22:23
TNT equivalent,01:22:26
its weight was 23 thousand tons and the01:22:29
force of the explosion was01:22:30
twice that of the bomb dropped01:22:32
on Hiroshima and this was only the beginning of the01:22:35
US military operation code-01:22:37
named Crossroads01:22:43
Bikini Atoll and nearby islands01:22:47
were contaminated with01:22:48
radiation both above and below water for many decades and01:22:57
the size of the bombs became uninhabitable You can estimate from this01:22:59
fragment the diameter of the stabilizer is01:23:02
equal to the height of an adult. The01:23:05
Americans brought here a whole fleet,01:23:07
including submarines, frigates and01:23:09
warships, to study the01:23:12
consequences of an atomic explosion on them. This01:23:18
flotilla included decommissioned01:23:20
American ships and01:23:22
captured ships from the period of the Second World01:23:24
War; none of them the ships did not survive the01:23:28
tests, the decks were broken01:23:32
and deformed, it’s hard to even01:23:35
imagine how this destructive force01:23:37
affected the underwater world, the reefs were01:23:40
destroyed and countless animals01:23:43
died either instantly01:23:45
or as a result of the consequences of the explosion01:23:51
[music]01:23:54
today you can scuba dive here again01:23:56
and even make short01:23:58
walks around the island, however, its re-01:24:01
population is a matter of the distant future01:24:05
[music]01:24:17
nevertheless,01:24:19
after 60 years, nature is gradually01:24:22
regaining its position; the01:24:23
wrecks of ships, densely covered with01:24:26
corals and mollusks, have become home to01:24:28
numerous animals; these fragments01:24:35
overgrown with corals even somewhat01:24:37
resemble the castle of the sleeping beauty01:24:41
the vegetation here is impenetrable01:24:44
and the eerie variety of species moisture is not01:24:47
just amazing; the entire01:24:49
food chain from microorganisms to01:24:52
large predators is represented here.01:24:54
Even in the immediate vicinity of the01:24:57
wreckage of the ghostly flotilla, nature is01:24:59
actively regaining its lost position.01:25:01
According to measurements, the level01:25:04
of radioactivity01:25:05
here is below critical and there are01:25:07
very few traces of radiation left at the bottom of the lagoon although01:25:10
we are at the site of the most terrible01:25:13
environmental crime ever01:25:15
committed by humanity, nature,01:25:18
apparently, is not bad at01:25:20
restoring itself; debris never01:25:23
irradiated with huge doses of radiation01:25:25
has turned into reefs in 60 years; this is how01:25:28
nature exercises its rights and01:25:30
changes everything that is in its sphere of01:25:32
influence; this inspires we hope,01:25:35
let's take a moment to admire the amazing01:25:38
underwater world and the ghostly flotillas of the01:25:40
bikini atoll,01:25:42
let this beauty penetrate our souls01:25:44
and hearts,01:25:46
humanity is increasingly influencing the01:25:48
global balance of all environmental01:25:50
processes, climate change, pollution of the01:25:54
oceans with plastic and chemical01:25:55
waste is creating more and more01:25:58
serious problems for nature in the future, it will no longer01:26:01
be able to heal its wounds on its own the01:26:02
polar glaciers are melting and more and more01:26:06
animals are in danger of01:26:08
extinction the ancient Buddhist01:26:12
prophecy says first nature will die01:26:16
and then man we must not01:26:20
allow this our journey is coming to an01:26:23
end so it’s time to take01:26:26
stock we have become acquainted with the stunning01:26:29
wonders of nature we have01:26:30
studied the background and the conditions for their01:26:32
appearance, the phenomenon caused by01:26:35
ocean currents and geological01:26:38
processes act together influencing each01:26:40
other and with the help of such phenomena as01:26:43
welling creates ideal conditions for the01:26:45
emergence of a rich and diverse01:26:48
natural environment; equatorial01:26:50
plant zones cover our entire01:26:53
planet; these green lungs create a01:26:55
balanced global climate01:26:59
without this unique combination would make life on01:27:02
earth impossible, so we are01:27:04
obliged to preserve it for the sake of future01:27:07
generations01:27:12
scriptwriters and director and norbert01:27:14
vander & peter bottom cinematographers pictures of the01:27:18
boyars and scotsman houses01:27:21
composer burkhard maria finks01:27:24
[music] [music]01:28:18
[music]Description:
Night Space: Лучшее про космос https://t.me/NightSpace8 Подписаться на канал: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCViDjXF61DPy-Ih4pfcGSrQ В видео содержится контент, защищенный авторским правом. Правообладатель разрешил нам использовать видео. Правообладатель "National Geographic" монетизирует это видео. Авторские права соблюдены. Подробная информация тут https://support.google.com/youtube/ -Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use. No copyright infringement intended. -I Do Not Own Anything.All the Rights in This Content Belong to Their Respective Owner/
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