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Subtitles
Russian
00:00:01
[music]00:00:13
hello, the topic of our lesson is the elements00:00:16
and functions of economic infrastructure.00:00:20
Today in the lesson you will learn, with00:00:23
additional coverage of the Kazakhstan00:00:25
component, to assess the importance of elements of00:00:28
economic infrastructure based on00:00:30
their characteristics, but before studying a00:00:35
new topic,00:00:36
I offer you a geographical warm-up,00:00:38
task number one, match the flags with the00:00:42
countries. The correct answer is00:00:55
Morocco before it Ondora00:00:58
Jordan task number 200:01:04
identify the country by description this country00:01:08
is among the00:01:10
economically highly developed its00:01:12
territory is located in the eastern00:01:15
hemisphere and is washed by the waters of the Pacific and00:01:18
Indian oceans; a significant part of the00:01:20
territory is occupied by deserts and00:01:22
semi-deserts in the global geographical00:01:25
division of labor the country plays the role of a00:01:27
major supplier of iron00:01:30
coal ore liquefied natural00:01:32
gas00:01:33
as well as livestock products00:01:46
The correct answer is00:01:49
this country is acute00:01:52
let's remember what infrastructure is00:01:55
infrastructure00:01:56
is an enterprise organization structures00:02:00
that support daily life00:02:03
and economic development includes00:02:06
roads electricity and water supply systems00:02:09
communication00:02:10
warehousing and public00:02:14
transport the00:02:16
first reason for the emergence and the identification of00:02:19
infrastructure as an independent sphere of the00:02:21
economy has become a social division of00:02:23
labor, development of infrastructure,00:02:26
the following stages can be distinguished:00:02:28
the formation of prerequisites for the emergence of the00:02:31
service sector on the basis of a private and00:02:33
individual00:02:34
division of labor; the second stage is the00:02:37
origin and formation of00:02:38
infrastructure as the00:02:41
relationship between various subjects of00:02:44
the market economy strengthens and the emergence of00:02:46
missing elements in this system,00:02:51
let's look at the types of infrastructure00:02:53
economic00:02:55
engineering tourism market00:02:58
military information transport in00:03:02
today's lesson we will talk about00:03:04
economic infrastructure00:03:08
economic infrastructure is a system of00:03:11
enterprises and organizations that00:03:14
ensures the movement of goods and services00:03:17
money securities labor force00:03:21
the peculiarity is that it does not00:03:23
produce00:03:24
specific products but creates conditions00:03:27
for their release and distribution, an00:03:31
example of economic infrastructure00:03:33
can be shops, pawn shops,00:03:36
currency exchange offices, banks,00:03:39
auctions and labor exchanges,00:03:43
what kind of physical infrastructure00:03:46
serving economic sectors00:03:48
contributes to their development, the main00:03:51
elements of economic infrastructure00:03:52
are transport and communications,00:03:57
transport00:03:58
is the totality of all types of00:04:01
communication routes, vehicles,00:04:03
technical devices and structures along the00:04:07
way from communications ensuring the process of00:04:09
moving people and goods for various00:04:13
purposes from one place to another, the00:04:16
development of transport00:04:17
plays a special role for countries with a00:04:20
large territory, therefore they00:04:22
invest huge amounts of money in the00:04:24
development of transport infrastructure, the00:04:27
share of transport development in global00:04:30
cargo turnover is presented in the following00:04:32
diagram00:04:33
maritime transport 62 percent00:04:36
rail transport00:04:38
16 percent pipeline transport 1100:04:42
percent eight percent is road00:04:45
transport and 3 percent00:04:47
river transport I bring to your00:04:49
attention a video on the topic of00:04:51
water transport00:04:53
[music]00:04:57
water transport00:04:59
from the point of view of energy consumption is the00:05:01
most economical mode of transport,00:05:04
despite the fact that ships and barges do not00:05:06
move like that fast as trains,00:05:08
cars and planes in transporting heavy00:05:11
loads,00:05:12
no type of transport can compare with00:05:14
it; the density of many materials is much00:05:18
greater than the density of fresh and sea water;00:05:21
however, for any vessel, the00:05:23
basic law of navigation applies: the mass of the00:05:26
vessel displaced by the underwater part00:05:28
must be equal in weight to the mass of the vessel00:05:30
together with passengers fuel parts and00:05:33
other accessories for the stable00:05:37
and safe passage of the ship it must be00:05:40
immersed in water to a certain00:05:41
depth the00:05:42
depth of the ship's immersion in water is00:05:44
called displacement the permissible00:05:48
displacement is indicated on the00:05:51
ship's hull with a red line called the00:05:53
waterline when the ship is immersed in00:05:56
water to the waterline the mass of00:05:59
water displaced by the ship is equal to the mass of a ship together00:06:01
with its cargo is called displacement of water,00:06:04
usually displacement of water00:06:06
is measured in units of force; immersion of a00:06:09
ship below the waterline is00:06:11
very dangerous; water penetrates into the holds00:06:13
through hatches in the deck, which can lead to00:06:17
flooding of the ship if the waterline00:06:19
is above the water level, that is, the ship is00:06:22
not submerged in water to the proper level00:06:24
it should not go sailing00:06:27
as the waves will rock it and00:06:29
the ship may capsize, so00:06:34
ballast sand crushed stone must be loaded into the holds of free ships00:06:37
the most complex type of water transport00:06:40
submarines00:06:41
the builder of submarines needs to00:06:44
solve many problems the00:06:45
strength and stability of a submerged00:06:47
vehicle during a long period of time scuba00:06:50
diving creating comfortable conditions for the crew00:06:53
driving the boat00:06:57
[music]00:07:02
transport corridors are a set of00:07:04
main communications of00:07:06
all types of transport with the necessary00:07:09
facilities ensuring00:07:11
the transportation of passengers and goods between00:07:14
different countries.00:07:16
There are 4 international00:07:18
transport corridors on the territory of our country, let00:07:21
's consider the transport corridors of our00:07:24
country, the northern trans corridor Asian00:07:27
railway traffic route00:07:30
Eastern Europe00:07:32
Central Asia via the Black Sea00:07:34
Caucasus and the00:07:36
Caspian Sea Western Europe China00:07:40
Korean Peninsula and Japan via00:07:42
Russia and Kazakhstan00:07:44
North-South Northern Europe00:07:48
Gulf countries via Russia and Iran00:07:51
with the participation of Kazakhstan in sections of the00:07:53
seaport of Aktau00:07:55
Ural regions of Russia and Aktau Atyrau00:08:01
consider transport corridors the00:08:03
northern corridor of the trans-Asian00:08:06
railway is marked in00:08:10
blue traffic the00:08:15
southern corridor of the routes of the Asian00:08:18
railway00:08:21
north-south00:08:25
and trans sip00:08:28
[music] in the00:08:32
20th century there was a huge leap in the00:08:34
development of all types of communications especially00:08:37
telephone and radio and television00:08:41
communication is currently being carried out through00:08:44
communications, information technology00:08:48
has become an important component of modern telecommunications;00:08:51
computer00:08:53
communications00:08:54
multimedia Internet allows large00:08:57
organizations to locate components of00:09:00
their production process in00:09:02
other countries00:09:03
while maintaining close contacts with remote00:09:06
workers; the main trend in the00:09:10
development of telecommunications communications is the00:09:13
rapid development of mobile communications and the00:09:15
Internet in recent years,00:09:18
the maximum increase in users00:09:20
has been It is on these00:09:23
communication channels that the number of00:09:25
Internet users in the world is00:09:27
about four and a half billion00:09:29
people, six billion cellular subscribers,00:09:33
economic infrastructure, this system of00:09:36
organization ensuring the free00:09:39
movement of a product on the market is00:09:42
considered as a set of elements00:09:45
that form the conditions necessary for00:09:48
the market00:09:49
to fully function; key00:09:52
purpose and fra structures are00:09:54
servicing manufacturers and end00:09:57
consumers of products;00:10:00
we will consider the functions of economic00:10:02
infrastructure;00:10:03
this is the formation of conditions for business00:10:06
relations between organizations; guaranteeing the00:10:10
continuity of the process of buying and selling00:10:13
objects on the market; providing legal and00:10:17
economic advice to aspiring and00:10:20
existing entrepreneurs;00:10:22
geographic and sectoral00:10:24
distribution of commodity flows; increasing the00:10:27
efficiency of00:10:30
economic entities for account for specialization and00:10:33
regulation of the movement of personnel00:10:35
guarantee of financial support for00:10:37
the organization00:10:40
the main features of the economic00:10:43
infrastructure are systemicity00:10:45
consists of many companies means of00:10:49
construction that are in close00:10:52
interrelation resource intensity the creation of00:10:55
large infrastructure facilities is a00:10:57
costly matter; this requires the00:11:00
participation of the state and large businesses00:11:03
durability material00:11:05
infrastructure facilities are created for the long term00:11:08
use and versatility00:11:11
the infrastructure is not aimed at00:11:14
servicing any specific00:11:15
plant of a company in a00:11:17
region or city and can be used by00:11:20
everyone let’s00:11:22
move on to consolidating the learned00:11:25
material task number one answer the question00:11:28
what is the name of the transport corridor the00:11:31
route of which is Eastern Europe00:11:33
Central Asia through the Black Sea00:11:36
the Caucasus and the Caspian Sea correct00:11:50
the answer00:11:51
is the route to00:11:55
task number 2 answer the question what is the00:11:58
number of Internet users in the world00:12:00
and what is the number of cellular subscribers00:12:04
in the world the correct answer is the00:12:18
number of Internet users in the world00:12:21
is 4 billion 540 million00:12:24
people the number of cellular subscribers is00:12:26
6 billion people00:12:29
task number three answer to the question00:12:32
what sign of00:12:34
economic infrastructure consists of00:12:37
many companies,00:12:38
means of construction, which is in00:12:41
close interrelation, the correct answer00:12:55
is systematicity,00:12:59
summing up the lesson, we can conclude00:13:01
that economic infrastructure is a00:13:04
set of industries and00:13:06
activities serving material00:13:09
production00:13:10
is considered as a complex of elements00:13:12
that form the conditions necessary for00:13:15
the market to be able to fully function00:13:19
this lesson is over goodbye00:13:25
[music]00:13:28
[applause]00:13:30
[music]Description:
Тема урока: Элементы и функции экономической инфраструктуры С понедельника по пятницу с 09:00-18:00 телевизионные уроки в эфире EL ARNA Запись телеуроков: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDIwNJYcIQ77fZ7Tqrb5myYpNtQbhnA4p https://edu.elarna.kz/ru/tv-lessons
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