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[music]

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do immunomodulators work? Well, look

00:00:09

from the point of view

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of pharmacology, yes, from the point of view of medicine,

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immunomodulators can be called a group of

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drugs that affect the

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immune system in some way,

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but then it will have to be divided into two

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parts into two very large parts, very different

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in their meaning and effect the

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first part will be immunostimulants, the

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second part is those that suppress the

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immune system, they are used in fundamentally different

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conditions, for example, a person was

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transplanted with some kind of donor organ so

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that rejection would not occur,

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of course, and the donor was selected as

00:00:46

compatible as possible according to the

00:00:48

histocompatibility complex, and maybe

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some other procedures were carried out, but for

00:00:52

some time we will have to suppress the

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normal immune response to a foreign

00:00:57

invasion, and the donor organ

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is, in general, foreign cells and not

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recognized as incorrect ones that

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need to be destroyed, we will have to suppress the

00:01:06

immune system for him, Santa's game for us, that is, a

00:01:09

big one, as if from above, such a class of

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immunomodulators under it and - and about Santa

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and these are the drugs we will

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use in the event of an organ transplant, on the

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other hand,

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let’s assume we have some problems with the

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immune system of a different nature, that is, it does

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not work when

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it should work; in this case, there may be

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immunostimulants, that is, these are

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drugs that push the immune system

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to take certain actions, but as you can see,

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in both cases they have a very

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specific mechanism of action. The problem

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is that this big word,

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immunomodulators, without further

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division, basically names a group of

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drugs with unproven clinical

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effectiveness and with an unclear

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mechanism of action. two, if you

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hear what they tell you is

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an immunomodulator without specifying and explaining

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that depending on the situation

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in our immunity, it is either reduced to

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or increased and this drug

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will bring it back to normal, this means

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that they are trying to scam you out of money, nothing

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more

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Unfortunately, there are no drugs that

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are equipped with artificial intelligence, because

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how will he understand the immunological

00:02:25

situation in the body? It’s gone well, these are

00:02:27

the molecules further, that she will ask for

00:02:29

advice to stop, then the lymphocytes,

00:02:30

ask how you have cytokines, what’s

00:02:33

going on there at all, no, this won’t

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work, that is, it acts on

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some- then a specific

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known, described, studied

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mechanism in the immune chain, only in

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this case we can guarantee that,

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firstly, we will get the desired result, and

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secondly, we will not get the desired

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side effects on the

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immune system, this is always a danger, well,

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take the same vaccinations, yes, this is an operation

00:02:59

on the immune system and it has its own

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described, let’s assume post-vaccine sleepy

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reaction, there is even post in the window of tion and

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complication, yes they are rare, one

00:03:08

in a million times approximately, but they

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occur precisely because we even we do

00:03:12

n’t even interfere with the immune system, well, we

00:03:14

just give it educational material and

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even because of this,

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some problems may arise, but can you imagine if

00:03:21

we act, I don’t know, there will

00:03:23

spur on cells that kill

00:03:25

our other cells and if it doesn’t break the chain,

00:03:28

let it destroy everything else, and this is how an

00:03:31

autoimmune disease occurs, for example, the

00:03:33

immune system begins to consider the healthy

00:03:35

cells of our body as enemies and

00:03:38

destroys There are a lot of such autoimmune

00:03:40

diseases, and if you

00:03:42

use drugs that actually

00:03:44

work, that is, for example, it

00:03:46

stimulates the immune system, in case of an

00:03:49

autoimmune disease, the question is,

00:03:50

speed up the process of destruction, what else is the

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problem? It often happens

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that under

00:04:01

immunomodulators there is a certain scientific basis for

00:04:03

this the truth is, for example, in

00:04:06

studies on cells it shows that

00:04:08

this molecule goes inside the lymphocyte

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and, for example, increases the

00:04:13

production of hydrogen peroxide there inside and they say,

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look, it works, it works, everything

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about it will be great, everything will be fine, no,

00:04:21

not so, because we have a lot of things

00:04:24

that work at the cellular level yes, that

00:04:26

is, but in in vitro studies and even

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sometimes in vivo,

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that is, in some animal model organisms, it is not at all

00:04:30

necessary that

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it will act in exactly the same way inside

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our body and we will have to

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prove it in clinical

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studies, but in clinical

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studies this effect is not

00:04:43

determined, yes there

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the concentration of hydrogen peroxide does indeed change,

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but

00:04:48

this in no way affects the activity of lymphocytes,

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unfortunately, again, unfortunately,

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because it would be ideal to have a

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drug that can level our

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immunity to which it can either

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pull it up to the desired value or

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hold it there a little if this is

00:05:04

necessary, but unfortunately it turns out that

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this is mainly due to the financial

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interests of those people who

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produce these drugs, well, for example, a well-

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known case, we have one

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domestic such innovative

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development that is included in our

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domestic flu vaccination where there are

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three times fewer

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strains like since, well, antigens of strains are

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recommended by the World

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Health Organization, and

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this innovative

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immunomodulator of ours was introduced there, and by an interesting

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coincidence, the person who

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invented this immunomodulator also has a

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patent for this vaccine, that is, as you

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understand, there is also what is called a

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conflict of interest and you still need to think

00:05:46

a hundred times because, for example, there has been no clinical

00:05:48

evidence that this

00:05:51

vaccine is equivalent to the vaccine

00:05:53

recommended by the World Health Organization,

00:05:57

and for example, nowhere in the

00:05:59

guidelines is such an option for using the

00:06:02

influenza vaccine provided,

00:06:04

so most often the words immunomodulator

00:06:08

will mean that They are trying to

00:06:10

sell you something, at best it

00:06:13

doesn’t work,

00:06:14

it will generally be a good enough

00:06:17

outcome because sometimes there may be

00:06:19

some kind of opposite effect that

00:06:20

you didn’t expect and didn’t want

Description:

Что представляют собой препараты-иммуномодуляторы? Доказана ли их клиническая эффективность? По какому принципу «работают» эти препараты? Насколько эффективно лечение иммуномодуляторами? Алексей Водовозов, научный журналист, врач-терапевт высшей категории, токсиколог рассказывает, по какому принципу работают иммуномодуляторы, вред какого характера они могут нанести организму и несут ли они какую-либо пользу. Поддержать научпоп-проект НаукаPRO можно здесь: https://xn--80aa3akifhu.xn--p1ai/podderzhat-proekt Наш подкаст-канал: https://xn--80aa3akifhu.xn--p1ai/podcasting Выражаем благодарность Информационному центру по атомной энергии Ростова-на-Дону за помощь в организации съёмок.

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