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Russian
00:00:00
Hello guys, the sixth00:00:02
lesson, in my opinion, today we will deal00:00:04
with lists, how to create them,00:00:08
what they are, how to work with them,00:00:09
functions, methods, and of course, with the00:00:12
secomfork icon specifically on00:00:14
lists, we will also deal with lists if anyone has not00:00:16
watched the previous cycles, for example00:00:18
video by video on the pore cycle by cycle Wow00:00:21
For changes and so on, be sure00:00:23
to watch it and you can already start00:00:25
watching this video, here is all00:00:27
the information about me, also don’t forget to00:00:30
pick up a tutorial on Python in the Telegram channel00:00:31
Well, in general, take surveys and00:00:34
ask questions Well what I propose to00:00:36
start right away is what is a list for you and00:00:39
me, let’s essentially say00:00:43
this list is also some kind of variable, roughly00:00:46
speaking, but not quite a list, it’s a00:00:48
collection of variables, that is, let’s say00:00:51
what common thing comes to your mind when00:00:53
I say the word list, probably a list00:00:55
let's say class and so on, here I have00:00:57
such problems and for example there are00:01:00
Imagine in the class list00:01:02
there are several students and Imagine in your00:01:05
class journal there would00:01:06
be a separate sheet for each student or not in the class00:01:08
journal But in the teacher's school journal in the00:01:10
journal how many sheets are needed there was00:01:13
This is a nightmare, so it creates a list of00:01:15
schoolchildren so that it will all be then00:01:18
leaves. For example, you would have a bunch of00:01:21
variables one, two,00:01:24
and three, let’s say there would be 1000 such variables, you would00:01:27
be tortured, you would be tortured, you would00:01:30
really be tortured and create it manually, this is where00:01:33
the list comes to the rescue that is, a list is a collection of00:01:35
variables that can be stored00:01:38
several well at once. So you and I created an00:01:41
empty list, to create a list we00:01:43
write the name of this list, again00:01:45
it can be anything like a regular00:01:46
variable, then it is equal, that is,00:01:48
assigned and then we just write00:01:51
square brackets like this I created a00:01:54
completely empty list, if I try to00:01:56
display it, I will get empty brackets00:01:58
cool, but I can also create a00:02:00
List of elements right away, I just write one00:02:02
Let’s say 4 8 13 2 Let’s try to00:02:08
display it And now I immediately have00:02:10
some there I didn’t write the elements:00:02:13
one equals one and two equals 4, I immediately00:02:16
entered exactly the value. This is quite00:02:17
convenient.00:02:20
Well, let’s say I wanted to add it later.00:02:24
That is, I already have a list, I00:02:27
brought it out. And then I was like this and I forgot to add00:02:29
seven, how to do this question with you00:02:32
call the Open method adds an element to the00:02:36
end of the list, so if I add00:02:39
a seven here, now I will display the list, as00:02:41
you can see, the first list is different without00:02:44
the seven, and with the second seven we added the00:02:46
element end This is how we can add00:02:49
add add and add elements00:02:51
well, we really have a00:02:54
list now I created mine, we can00:02:56
add elements there, but there’s probably a00:02:59
question. I’m displaying the entire list. What if I00:03:02
want to get a specific00:03:03
element, not the entire list? Well, why, that is,00:03:06
I don’t need a list of the entire class? For00:03:08
example, I need information only on the00:03:11
balance sheet, I don’t know. wide Specifically, I00:03:14
need a student for this, we can00:03:17
now use such a00:03:18
good association as the association with the00:03:20
wardrobe. Hello wardrobe. I00:03:22
actually call it a list. What is a wardrobe? It’s a00:03:26
collection of jackets; moreover, it00:03:29
actually works really well00:03:30
with python because python is a00:03:33
list it is the totality of numbers that,00:03:36
in principle, is the totality of everything in the world,00:03:38
there can be numbers and fractional numbers and00:03:41
strings, and inside the list they can also find lists,00:03:43
that is, there is generally anything there,00:03:45
and in the wardrobe someone00:03:47
could hang just a cap, someone could00:03:49
hang it let’s say a00:03:51
jacket, someone could have left only shoes,00:03:54
someone could have put there, I don’t know, there’s a00:03:56
cardigan, sweater, and so on. What is the point of00:03:59
a wardrobe because you and I give away00:04:02
our jacket and in return we receive a number And00:04:05
if we then want to take our jacket,00:04:07
we give it back number, that is, we00:04:09
refer to our jacket at the top, the same00:04:11
thing happens in00:04:13
array lists and so on everywhere, it all00:04:15
works the same way, we will refer to you00:04:16
by some kind of index, that is,00:04:18
in programming it is called an index00:04:22
and we say Give me element one Give00:04:25
me an element at index 2, does it return a00:04:27
specific one or not? Let's00:04:30
try to implement all this.00:04:33
That is, for example, here I will00:04:37
write a square again on these brackets00:04:40
and then inside I will write a specific00:04:42
index I want to pick up. That is, if you00:04:44
want to access by index write00:04:46
the name of the variable in square brackets00:04:47
and inside the index We want, for example, to00:04:49
pick up the first element, but for some reason it00:04:52
returned me a four What do you think why00:04:54
Think Think I answer because00:04:56
Python numbering starts from zero00:04:59
indexing This is the zero element This is00:05:01
the first this is the second this is the third And this is the00:05:04
fourth element That is, if I00:05:06
try to output the zero element, then Yes,00:05:09
now I already have a one.00:05:10
If I try to output the third element,00:05:12
zero first second third, in theory it00:05:16
should output 13 Yes, that’s what happened,00:05:19
well, moreover, we can even00:05:22
go from the end with you, we can write it ourselves minus00:05:25
1 What element do you think will be00:05:27
minus 1 this is the last from the end minus the00:05:30
first element two I can also call00:05:32
minus the second element this will be 13 that00:05:35
is, I can also do the same as first 1 2 3 4 and00:05:39
with the ends but with the first on the sides and00:05:41
meet 4 this is quite convenient. Well,00:05:43
let’s say we brought out our second element. And00:05:46
here I would like to torment you a little more;00:05:47
indeed, we brought out a00:05:50
specific element like this. Everything is cool, but00:05:52
what if I want to pick up not just one00:05:54
specific element, but under a group of00:05:56
elements? That is for example, to00:05:58
pick up from a class. So many people whose last names begin with the00:06:00
letter r or whose last names begin with the letter00:06:03
do not know how to pick up some00:06:06
subgroup. We can indicate with you from00:06:07
which number to which we want to pick up,00:06:09
for example, I want from first to 3, in fact, it will00:06:13
be taken from me the first index is the second and the00:06:15
third will not be taken, I have already said that in00:06:17
python most often the00:06:21
second element is not inclusive. Here the00:06:22
same thing is here the third element, that is, the00:06:24
second element the second number to which00:06:27
we indicate it goes Not inclusive00:06:28
the first is inclusive 3 not to include means00:06:31
we take 1 and 2nd element Here is the first00:06:33
element, here is the second, that is, there must be00:06:35
4800:06:36
happened, 4 and 8 are displayed cool Let's00:06:40
take from 1 to 4, it means the first and the second and00:06:43
third should be output, I00:06:45
stipulate it strictly, in general, and everything is fine.00:06:48
You can, for example, take from zero to 4 1 400:06:52
8 13 but, in principle, if you want to00:06:54
take from the zero element, you do00:06:57
n’t even have to indicate this moment. You can00:07:00
skip the first number. If you00:07:02
skip the first number and then comes00:07:04
a colon, this means that you are going00:07:05
first. As you can see, it will come out from the00:07:08
first element.00:07:09
Okay. Let’s go. from the first element,00:07:12
but I will not indicate the last element.00:07:14
Then I will actually go to the00:07:17
end. That is, if I do not indicate the second number,00:07:20
then I will go to the end.00:07:26
the elements still need to be00:07:29
worked with, and a lot of them because they are00:07:31
quite interesting, cool thing,00:07:33
by the way, we can even00:07:35
indicate the step of taking here, for example, elements00:07:37
through two through three, and you can, for example,00:07:40
specify Minus one Step in this case,00:07:42
we simply turn over our list, in fact, a00:07:44
very cool thing then00:07:46
somehow you also have to work00:07:47
well with it, we have a list, we understand00:07:50
how you can select by indexes and so00:07:52
on,00:07:53
but you probably still want to00:07:55
work with it in a for loop. That is, for00:07:57
example, I want to display all the elements of00:07:59
the list, but I I want to enter them, let’s say, not like00:08:04
this in one line. Yes, of course, you can00:08:05
transform the Print a little and so on, but I00:08:07
want to00:08:10
go through each element, for example,00:08:12
add some Value to each element or00:08:14
do something with each element,00:08:16
that is, Carlo, take it apart separately00:08:18
this can be done using a for loop00:08:20
iterates. Here I want to iterate.00:08:22
Let’s write that for then the name of00:08:25
the variable, again, any name00:08:27
only. Don’t write it anymore because such a00:08:29
variable already has such a list. Let’s00:08:32
call it, for example,00:08:35
in and we don’t have to specify it before, we can00:08:37
just write for00:08:39
and then we will simply take00:08:42
each element in turn Let's try to00:08:44
print Oh, what are we printing 148 13200:08:49
that is, we go through our list and00:08:52
first one then four then 800:08:54
then 13 then 2 that is, So00:08:56
we went through each element of our00:08:59
list well we went through our00:09:01
list wonderfully But the question: I’m00:09:04
going through it and what it really is00:09:06
And this is not specific to you and me And the00:09:10
zero element is not And the first ones But it seems to00:09:13
take the same value as And the00:09:15
zero one has the same value as And the first00:09:17
one what happens if I try00:09:19
to change it, then I actually00:09:22
get a changed value, but if I00:09:25
try to display it, then you and I00:09:27
will see that a00:09:31
remains the same as it was. That is, I’m here without00:09:35
changing my original value, a And it just00:09:38
takes the same value as that00:09:40
which Is in the list It also takes00:09:42
the value 1 it also takes the value 400:09:44
if I change its value I will change00:09:47
the value and not this element If we00:09:51
want to specifically iterate through the elements,00:09:53
that is, and how here are the00:09:55
same values Namely,00:09:57
specifically zero element 1 2 we must00:10:02
use a slightly different forik construction, we must already00:10:04
go through the index, in this case00:10:06
we need to iterate through all possible indices in00:10:10
our list, and00:10:12
we have an index from 0 to which index,00:10:15
see I haven’t talked about this yet But00:10:18
We have several functions that are very00:10:21
convenient for use with lists. For00:10:25
example, what does the function do? It looks for the00:10:28
number of elements in the list: 5, and here00:10:32
it’s important to say that it turns out that we have 500:10:34
elements, one two three 4 5 Well, what is the00:10:37
extreme index here? The extreme index is 400:10:40
zero first second third fourth,00:10:43
that is, in fact, we have the number of00:10:45
elements by one more than the00:10:48
extreme index because, again,00:10:50
the numbering starts from zero00:10:52
and therefore, what do you think here we need to follow00:10:55
which element to go? Well,00:10:58
let’s say we go along the line. And probably00:11:01
someone will say but we need to to -1, we don’t have00:11:04
such an index as Len, but don’t forget00:11:06
that we have everything here anyway.00:11:08
Inclusive, that is, we will go from zero00:11:10
to length, that is, it will not be included until 5, that00:11:13
is, we will go through 0 1 2 3 4 just that’s00:11:15
what we need, this is a really difficult00:11:18
moment, but we need to understand it. That is, we00:11:21
see from zero to the length because the00:11:23
length is just one more00:11:25
than the extreme index. And we need to00:11:28
take one more paint so that the extreme00:11:30
index is straight, inclusively you00:11:33
need to understand this in a hard way, you can directly00:11:35
write various examples for yourself and00:11:37
check how it works. What we do.00:11:40
Let's try to simply output And this00:11:42
element, everything will be exactly the same as in the00:11:45
previous cycle for 1 4 8 132 But if00:11:50
now I try to change a and you00:11:53
element00:11:54
add 10,00:11:57
then of course I will get a changed00:11:59
element and then I’ll try to display at the end00:12:02
my list and the list that has also been00:12:05
changed. Because here I already have00:12:07
exactly the element from and that is, I take A00:12:12
zero And the first and the second, that is, exactly00:12:15
this specific element Before this, I00:12:18
just took me, as it were, equated to00:12:20
this element, and already Oh, it’s not00:12:22
like initially what I just00:12:24
equated when we went through.00:12:26
So here I am00:12:28
referring to a specific element by a specific index.00:12:30
Therefore, if you need to change00:12:32
For example, you sort through all the values in00:12:35
this way, it’s also very convenient00:12:37
to use Comfort When you For example,00:12:38
need to add 10 elements What are you00:12:41
doing, you just have zeros here, just00:12:43
zero, and this way I don’t have to write 10 times00:12:46
and pant Let’s try to display00:12:49
what happens on the screen,00:12:51
we’ll get it our numbers and then 1000:12:54
zeros, here’s how else to quickly create00:12:58
lists for us, in fact, we can00:13:00
multiply multiplication in a list, but00:13:03
we do not only work on numbers, but also on00:13:06
lists, for example, a zero, that is, a00:13:08
list of one zero, multiply by 10 Miss00:13:11
map, what happens here, probably00:13:13
someone will think that there will be 1000:13:14
lists of these, there are no such ones. In fact,00:13:16
we will get one list of 10 zeros, that00:13:19
is, we can put some00:13:21
value here, I don’t know. There are six and multiply by00:13:23
10. In total, we will have a list of 1000:13:27
instead of manually00:13:30
writing out sixes 10 times, you can00:13:31
do it like this, or instead of actually00:13:33
creating some kind of00:13:36
loop, somehow sort through it, okay, what else00:13:39
can we do with you? I touched a little on the00:13:41
topic of function, this is an important topic. We00:13:43
also need to analyze the function, we have00:13:45
two main principles; as for00:13:47
lists, this is Land, which I showed, it gives00:13:50
us exactly the length of our list and00:13:53
there is also a sum. That is, you can simply00:13:55
write the sum and we can immediately find out the00:13:57
sum of all elements in the list. And also00:14:00
there is a maximum of us, that is, we can immediately00:14:02
know what is the maximum element in our00:14:04
list, thirteen is true. And we00:14:07
can find the minimum element right away,00:14:09
here is our minimum element, this is00:14:12
one, this is true, that is, the00:14:15
main function. This sum Max00:14:17
min, for example, also works on00:14:21
some other data types Therefore, such00:14:23
universal things, but we have not00:14:25
a function, but methods, this is exactly what00:14:27
we have; lists can be sorted out00:14:30
one method, it adds some element,00:14:32
well, what else do we have00:14:35
here, quite a lot of methods But00:14:38
for the Unified State Exam we don’t need that much, for example,00:14:40
we will need the Count method. What does a00:14:42
count do? A count can read how much we have of00:14:44
that element in our list, for example,00:14:46
we can do this.00:14:48
I already write in quotes automatically, so of00:14:52
course it’s not necessary, that is, we can00:14:53
count how many 1s we have. Let’s00:14:54
I’ll add two more ones and that should00:14:57
output 3 to 3. That is, it00:15:00
counts how many of such an element,00:15:01
for example, we have one four and00:15:05
therefore looks like one, that is, the count allows you to00:15:06
find out how much we have of this element, if00:15:09
you don’t need to find out how much of this00:15:11
element you just need to find out whether it is there00:15:13
or not, you can simply look at the fact00:15:15
that the account is greater than 1 yes or no,00:15:17
you can check in this way if a00:15:19
given element you have lists at all or00:15:21
You can use a simpler construction,00:15:23
for example one and that is, we00:15:25
just look if there is one in and it00:15:28
will return either Tru or Phos here is a corpse because there00:15:31
really is a one in A00:15:33
can do this in this way and T in that00:15:36
is, check there are no ones, but for00:15:39
example it will come out, but if we check00:15:42
the ten not in a then there seem to be no tens00:15:46
A And therefore we really get with00:15:48
you here the truth is good What other00:15:52
methods do we have with you?00:15:54
We have a method with you, for example, such00:15:56
as an index.00:15:58
Thus, we can find out at what00:16:01
index a specific00:16:03
element is located, for example, we find out at00:16:05
what index 13 is located, it turns out00:16:07
this is 0 this is 1 this is 2 this is 3 So you need to00:16:10
eat 3 and so it happened 13 is on the00:16:14
third index and probably the last00:16:17
thing that I will tell you here is that00:16:20
we also have such a penultimate00:16:23
document as a sort, it simply sorts00:16:26
our list here As you can see, everything is in00:16:27
random order if I call a sort,00:16:30
then now my list will be00:16:31
sorted. You can also specify reverse00:16:34
equal to True and then the list will be00:16:38
sorted in reverse order, which is also00:16:41
very cool,00:16:42
and the last point I wanted to00:16:44
tell you is about deleting elements, you00:16:46
understand how to add, you understand how to00:16:48
go through Well, how to delete a00:16:50
specific element can simply be called00:16:52
and the rem point and, for example, delete a00:16:55
1; it crushes the very first00:16:57
1 on us. This is how we did it00:16:59
well, that is, Remove removes a specific00:17:01
element, for example, we can remove a00:17:03
four, all fours are no longer in00:17:05
the list, this is if we want by value00:17:07
delete that is, for example, 13 I want to delete00:17:10
a deuce, I want to delete And if I want to00:17:12
delete an element under a specific index,00:17:14
that is, I for example don’t know what is there,00:17:16
but I know that I don’t need00:17:18
zero people anymore or there are 10 people I00:17:21
need, we can do this already with using the00:17:23
Daewoo commands and is indicated simply, for example,00:17:26
he gave a zero00:17:27
and I actually deleted a zero00:17:30
element or prodeo and the second one he00:17:33
will delete for me now is eight Yes, that’s00:17:34
what happened, that is, Lvov deletes by00:17:36
value AD deletes precisely by index, in00:17:41
principle, these are our main topics00:17:44
regarding lists indeed lists00:17:46
are a broad topic here, working with them,00:17:49
working with them, plus there are other00:17:51
data structures that are also quite funny,00:17:53
similar to lists, but they have their own nuances.00:17:55
In general, I hope that this video00:17:58
was useful to you, I tried to give00:18:00
the maximum, even perhaps some in some00:18:03
places you might00:18:04
have been jumped over, but nothing sequentially, it’s00:18:07
all going through, you’ll get it all in your00:18:09
head now, my recommendation is to00:18:10
really take the manual, firstly,00:18:12
so you don’t forget it all, and secondly,00:18:15
take a look at the survey on our channel. And of00:18:18
course, I recommend doing it yourself00:18:20
rewrite the code and look. And I created a00:18:22
list that if I delete oh really00:18:25
deleted. Try repeating it all00:18:27
yourself or you can even come up with some kind of00:18:29
micro task for yourself so that dad can00:18:31
practice one more time.00:18:33
Thank you all00:18:34
for watching and bye everyoneDescription:
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