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Дикий мир: Армения - В поисках змей

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Что, если ты попал в ЧЕРНУЮ ДЫРУ?

Что, если ты попал в ЧЕРНУЮ ДЫРУ?

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Супер-змея Америки: Техасский гремучник (Документальный фильм)

Супер-змея Америки: Техасский гремучник (Документальный фильм)

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Остров Березань (Буян, Шмидта) и Кинбурнская коса. Чистый пляж. Морская прогулка. Катер. Море. Пляж.

Остров Березань (Буян, Шмидта) и Кинбурнская коса. Чистый пляж. Морская прогулка. Катер. Море. Пляж.

Channel: Зоотроп (Zootrop)

Тигровая змея

Змеи

Змеиный остров

Самая ядовитая змея

Самые опасные змеи

00:00:00

snake island wild and deadly

00:00:06

tiger snake

00:00:07

one of the most poisonous snakes in the world

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snakes living on a dwarf island to the west

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of Australia are surprisingly

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different from their continental

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counterparts although they are identical in DNA

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they are larger and heavier and better developed

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snakes have masterfully learned to survive on

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this unfriendly rocky piece of land

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in the Indian Ocean,

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but why are they here and how do they manage to

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exist safely on a deserted

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island?

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tiger snakes belong to the family of

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asps,

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representatives of which are the most

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poisonous in the world,

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most often small and agile snakes

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hunt nimble animals, killing them with

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their fast-acting poison,

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asps are literally infested Australia and

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created an impressive and terrifying reputation for it

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[music] the

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tiger snake is perhaps the most recognizable

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adder due to the characteristic colored stripes

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on the back, according to some estimates, it is the 4th most

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powerful snake venom on earth,

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its poison affects the nerves, causing muscle

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paralysis and ultimately death from strangulation.

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Notorious due to its

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aggressive nature,

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tiger snakes live in the southern

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coastal territories of Australia and

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therefore often live among people

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[music]

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this lake at its heart in Western Australia is

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surrounded by a residential suburb of Bertha, the

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state capital of a city with a population of 2 million

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[music]

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near wetlands ideal

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habitat for frogs

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favorite food of tiger snakes

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[music]

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teeming with food lake at heart is

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home to the largest population of tiger

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snakes in the state it

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is believed that on average

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there are thousands of tiger snakes per three square kilometers

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tiger snakes are well adapted to

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life in the ponds and swamps of southern

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australia

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Just 8 kilometers off the coast of Perth,

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Karnak Island is located; the

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local climate is radically different from the

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typical habitat of these snakes

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and yet the island is teeming with tiger snakes.

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How do they manage to survive in such an

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unfavorable environment? To

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find out, let's study another snake

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that has adapted to the harshest

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conditions on the continent

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in Australia 8 climate zones

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cold temperate forests in the south

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[music]

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humid tropical violence

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[music]

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sultry deserts in the center

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[music]

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snakes live in each of them they

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have managed to inhabit every corner of this

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diverse earth

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all thanks to the special quality of all snakes of

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adaptability

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and being experts in survival

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they are able to withstand the harshest

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weather conditions and easily

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adapt to their changes,

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despite their proximity to the mainland, the environment on

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Karnak Island is extremely aggressive, it is

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hardly possible to imagine a less

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hospitable place for snakes living in the

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swamps, the

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concept of a deserted island is

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fully revealed here, there

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are no sources of fresh water and

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rainflies do not linger on rocky

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soil,

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which means there are no frogs here, which usually

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form the basis of the diet of these snakes, and

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yet this small island

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is teeming with snakes, the population density of

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poisonous snakes is one of the

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highest on the planet, and all because

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tiger snakes have developed an original

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way of surviving,

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these sunken sides The tiger snake is showing

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signs of severe exhaustion; it has been without

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water and food for about 6 months,

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but so far it can’t do anything about it

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and can only wait out the difficult times

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using a simple survival strategy

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called the avoidance response; the snake turns

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on its defense mechanisms; it

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takes refuge in a hole from the scorching heat and

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listening winds

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[music]

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there she will wait for the weather to change;

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this state of inactivity is called

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tification

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and is essentially hibernation

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[music]

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the shadow saves from overheating and maintains the

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balance of moisture in the body; all snakes

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have this ability and quickly

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adapt to unfavorable conditions;

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they do not use the body’s reserves to

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preserve heat and can last for a

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very long time, some snakes are able to

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survive without water and food for more than

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a year, maintaining heat and moisture in

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the body is not the only problem of

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tiger snakes

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[music]

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frogs

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cannot find their usual food on the island of Karnak

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so as not to die of hunger, they activate

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more one feature of the deadliest

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Australian snakes is opportunism,

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this is the reticulated brown snake, large

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but otherwise unremarkable and the most

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dangerous in Australia, its bites have killed the

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most people,

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mainly because this snake

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lives in cities;

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reticulated snakes live on the east

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coast of Australia in areas

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allocated for development

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[music]

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growing cities not only did not displace

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them, but also revealed to them their main

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advantage - the

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abundance of new food

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[music]

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wild rats and mice entered the diet of this super predator

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[music]

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[applause]

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[music] the

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living conditions of urban snakes are now much

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better than their counterparts from the natural

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environment

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[music]

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just like the reticulated brown

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tiger snakes from the island of Karnak

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took advantage of new opportunities they

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replaced their usual continental

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diet and form of frogs with completely different

00:11:25

creatures chicks people

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twice a year Australian gulls

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nest on the island

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after birth The chicks remain

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in the nest for several more weeks until

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they become independent. During this

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period they are easy

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prey,

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however, this new food source is

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unstable. During the nesting period,

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people on the island are extremely difficult to obtain

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food.

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Tiger snakes are infinitely

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far from their usual

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swampy environments, always abundant in food.

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habitat,

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so why did they settle on this

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inhospitable table for many years,

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biologists wondered how tiger

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snakes ended up on the island of Karlag, one of

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the theories sends us back 7000 years ago to the time

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the island was formed,

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then it was part of the mainland with an increase in

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water levels in the ocean, the island and population

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tiger snakes

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were cut off from it,

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but there are inconsistencies in this theory;

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on none of the other similar islands

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lying along the west coast of

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Australia there

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is no population of large snakes from the asp family;

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moreover, according to scientists, for this the

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area of the island should be at

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least a thousand hectares; the area of karnak

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is only 19 hectares, most

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likely the snakes

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ended up on the island much later than its

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formation,

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could they have sailed here from the

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larger and more

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favorable island located just four kilometers away? The garden

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sounds plausible and

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tiger snakes swim well

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on the mainland; they can often be seen in the

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heart and streams flowing into the lake

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and

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but this theory also has flaws;

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snakes cannot catch and breathe

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at the same time;

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they do not have a diaphragm; they only have one lung and

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the only way to saturate it with

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oxygen is to stop and use the

00:14:46

whole body when inhaling;

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this does not cause difficulties in a shallow

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body of water

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with many shallows on which you can

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stop to to breathe,

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but they would have to cross the ocean in one

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throw,

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besides, the snakes would be at the mercy of the

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currents

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in this stream, the current is not strong and

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but it also picks up and carries away the snake

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to cover the distance of 4

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kilometers from Gordon Island to

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Karnak Island they would have to deal with

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powerful currents of the Indian Ocean

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would simply carry them away. The latest theory is

00:15:44

so bizarre that it seems incredible

00:15:48

whether someone could secretly bring tiger

00:15:51

snakes to the island in order to get rid of them

00:15:58

in the 1920s, snake tamer Roge Vane

00:16:02

came to Perth with his show program

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during one of the performances, his wife was

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bitten by a tiger snake and died

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shortly after this assistant horn I

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suffered the same fate, the reaction of local

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authorities was a ban on any snake

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exhibitions

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[music]

00:16:34

Rocky had to get rid of his

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dangerous petals of it is

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believed that he secretly went to the

00:16:43

island of the dwarf and left there is a

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collection of 40 snakes

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[music]

00:16:55

[music]

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in support of this theory there is

00:17:00

evidence of the war on the road to

00:17:04

Perth, many visited the island and there is not a

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single mention of the presence of snakes

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[music] in

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the fifties, a

00:17:16

sharp increase in their population was recorded on the island,

00:17:21

but their number continued to increase

00:17:34

to this day there

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are up to 400 adult and

00:17:40

countless juvenile

00:17:43

tiger snakes on this small island for every area the size

00:17:49

of a football field there are approximately 10

00:17:52

adult snakes

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in a very short period and have

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achieved incredible results

00:18:05

their population is thriving despite the fact

00:18:08

that the snakes are objects of brutal

00:18:11

attacks

00:18:13

[music]

00:18:22

tiger snakes on the island of Karnak

00:18:25

have a standard

00:18:28

food source inaccessible to their mainland counterparts -

00:18:30

seagull chicks

00:18:33

[music]

00:18:37

however, in order to survive this snake needs to

00:18:40

find another element necessary for

00:18:42

existence -

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water, but on the island of Karnak there are no lakes,

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streams, ponds or other bodies of water

00:18:57

Australian snakes easily

00:18:59

adapt to survival in

00:19:01

desert conditions

00:19:04

[music]

00:19:07

this is the driest inhabited continent on

00:19:09

earth,

00:19:11

only Antarctica has less rainfall

00:19:17

and yet it is full of animals,

00:19:24

one snake has perfectly adapted to

00:19:27

these harsh conditions,

00:19:31

the daiban makore

00:19:38

is a land snake with amazing

00:19:41

iridescent skin, one of the most

00:19:44

poisonous on the planet, it lives in semi-

00:19:50

desert areas in central

00:19:52

Australia and feeds mainly on

00:19:55

rats, which are still in short supply, so when

00:20:01

attacking its victim, the

00:20:03

taipan leaves it no chance;

00:20:11

its poison is incredibly toxic; the victim falls

00:20:16

dead seconds after the bite,

00:20:24

according to some estimates of the poison from one

00:20:27

a bite is enough to kill 289

00:20:31

adult humans or more than a million mice

00:20:38

one of the most poisonous land

00:20:41

creatures on the planet with an incredibly fast-

00:20:45

acting venom

00:20:50

prey not only helps the snake satisfy its

00:20:53

hunger its

00:20:54

legs serve as a source of moisture a

00:20:58

well-fed snake never gets thirsty

00:21:04

maybe this explains how the tiger daredevil

00:21:08

manages to survive on on Karnak Island, in

00:21:13

conditions so different from their usual swampy habitat,

00:21:19

this theory has weaknesses,

00:21:21

unlike the taipan, which has food

00:21:24

available all year round; tiger snakes can

00:21:27

feed on gull chicks only during

00:21:29

their nesting period; in the remaining time for

00:21:32

survival, they need another source of

00:21:35

moisture;

00:21:46

there is no fresh water as soon as the

00:21:50

raindrops touch the brackish

00:21:52

soil for the snake they become grass

00:22:02

tiger snakes of the island of Karnak have come up with a

00:22:05

bizarre solution to this problem

00:22:12

[music]

00:22:13

the snake licks the drops from its body

00:22:16

before they touch the stones and become

00:22:19

unbeatable

00:22:25

[music]

00:22:32

it seeks out fresh not

00:22:35

drops of water spoiled by salt on the tops of plants

00:22:37

from we then expect from pollution

00:22:45

at one time snakes can knock out a volume of

00:22:48

liquid that is 20 percent

00:22:51

of their weight

00:22:56

very unusual behavior

00:23:06

another proof of the ability of

00:23:09

tiger snakes to survive by adapting to conditions

00:23:17

[music]

00:23:22

for this snake the opportunity to quench its thirst

00:23:25

for the first time in many months without food and water

00:23:28

are probably a saving grace the

00:23:37

arrival of winter means the imminent onset of the

00:23:40

nesting period seagulls on

00:23:42

Konak Island soon tiger snakes will be able to

00:23:47

feed themselves

00:23:51

but it is extremely difficult to predict when this

00:23:55

will happen seagulls breed only under

00:23:59

favorable conditions

00:24:04

now it all depends on the weather and the whole

00:24:09

island is frozen In anticipation, the

00:24:19

first winter storm finally

00:24:34

washes up on the shore in waves

00:24:37

in which flies lay larvae, a

00:24:40

delicacy for Australian people

00:24:46

[music]

00:24:52

birds flocking to the feast open the

00:24:54

mating season

00:24:56

[music]

00:25:05

[music] in

00:25:14

just three weeks the chicks

00:25:17

that will serve for the tiger will be born will be replaced by

00:25:19

long-awaited food after many months of

00:25:22

fasting

00:25:23

[music]

00:25:27

but there is a catch most snakes,

00:25:37

including continental tiger ones,

00:25:39

feed mainly in the summer they need

00:25:44

the sun's heat to digest food

00:25:47

during cold winter periods digestion

00:25:51

works worse in the absence of heat

00:25:55

the prey in the stomach can begin to rot and the

00:25:58

snake will have to it was regurgitated by a tiger

00:26:04

snake from the island of Karnak, not only did they

00:26:06

have to adapt to a new diet,

00:26:09

they went against nature and feed in the

00:26:12

cold winter, but another

00:26:19

Australian snake learned to survive

00:26:22

despite a radically changed

00:26:24

diet - this is a coastal taipan,

00:26:33

it has the longest fangs of all the

00:26:35

venomous

00:26:36

Australian snakes

00:26:40

despite the name, its habitat

00:26:43

extends from coastal forests to

00:26:49

meadows stretching hundreds of kilometers inland, depending on the

00:26:55

environment, it changes hunting tactics, behavior and

00:26:58

habitual life cycle

00:27:08

thanks to the ability to adapt to

00:27:10

new conditions, the

00:27:11

coastal taipan and safely

00:27:14

exist in 4 climatic zones,

00:27:16

northern and eastern In Australia, in the same way,

00:27:23

tiger snakes from the island of

00:27:26

Karnak have switched to a winter diet;

00:27:33

they do not miss a drop of the sun’s

00:27:36

heat in order to facilitate

00:27:39

digestion

00:27:41

[music]

00:27:44

for this purpose they even specially

00:27:46

intertwine with each other; large

00:27:51

body masses allow them to absorb heat faster and

00:27:53

cool down more slowly; this behavior

00:27:57

portends the imminent start of abundant and

00:27:59

winter feeding the

00:28:13

breeding season of gulls on the island of Karnak

00:28:16

continues

00:28:24

tiger snakes can enjoy plenty of

00:28:27

chicks

00:28:35

[music]

00:28:39

such a massive gathering of Australian

00:28:41

people in one place is explained by the

00:28:43

abundance of food on the mainland

00:28:46

[music] the

00:28:50

island is separated from it by only eight

00:28:52

kilometers

00:28:53

[music]

00:28:55

most of seagulls spend time

00:28:57

absorbing garbage in city dumps

00:29:00

[music]

00:29:03

this means that on the island of Karnak seagulls

00:29:07

can breed more than once a year, and

00:29:09

you more often than not

00:29:14

4000 healthy brocades of them on the island of Karnak

00:29:18

give large offspring the first chicks

00:29:30

hatched and the hungry snake goes

00:29:32

hunting,

00:29:53

this is probably its first prey for six months

00:30:01

and countless nests a buffet for

00:30:04

snakes they use their chance

00:30:08

scientists counted up to 5 chicks in the

00:30:12

stomach 1 snake

00:30:19

deepening twice a year the chicks are an

00:30:22

unusual source of food but thanks to it

00:30:26

the diet about strange snake diseases than their

00:30:29

continental counterparts

00:30:36

it’s not just the quantity available

00:30:39

food

00:30:43

chicks seagulls are more nutritious for the media

00:30:46

than frogs

00:30:48

[music]

00:30:50

with their help tiger snakes not only

00:30:53

survive but also increase in size

00:30:57

research has shown that local snakes are

00:31:00

almost 15 percent longer and at least

00:31:03

twice as heavy as tiger snakes from the

00:31:06

continent

00:31:08

for their species they are giants

00:31:14

but there is a second source of food on the island

00:31:17

that can turn these giants into

00:31:20

real monsters. The

00:31:25

island of Karnak is home to a large

00:31:28

colony of pied cormorant

00:31:32

[music]

00:31:41

and

00:31:43

they are twice the size of the Australian

00:31:46

an hour before, which means their bodies are larger;

00:31:51

such food is much more nutritious,

00:31:56

but so far there is no evidence of that that

00:31:59

tiger snakes eat cormorant chicks

00:32:06

in a new study, scientists hope to

00:32:08

record their unusual behavior for the first time

00:32:16

they are monitoring several

00:32:19

areas on the island

00:32:20

[music]

00:32:27

cameras are installed above the nesting area

00:32:30

[music] the

00:32:36

time for the experiment is carefully

00:32:38

selected, it is carried out at the beginning of the

00:32:41

breeding season when the chicks are still quite

00:32:44

small to become prey for a tiger snake

00:32:58

if snakes hunt cormorant chicks

00:33:01

here is the best time to find out for

00:33:12

more than two weeks scientists have been watching the

00:33:15

nesting mpio fear of cormorants on the island of

00:33:17

Karnak trying to capture the

00:33:19

moment of attack tiger snakes

00:33:28

even at such a height the chicks are in danger

00:33:32

tiger snakes are excellent climbers

00:33:36

if they will get to the nests, the strength of their

00:33:40

poison is more than enough to easily

00:33:41

finish off an adult cormorant

00:33:43

and grab the chicks

00:33:47

[music]

00:33:51

scientists look through the first records

00:33:56

and discover not a snake but another reptile,

00:34:01

it looks like the royal skink is looking for the

00:34:04

abandoned eggs of

00:34:05

dead chicks or fish scraps

00:34:08

thrown to the chicks by adult cormorants,

00:34:19

experts study many hours records

00:34:32

and then luck, a lonely tiger snake

00:34:37

crawls into the territory of the calorie

00:34:45

and hides among the nests,

00:34:56

then it reappears and crawls away,

00:35:03

but it never tried to

00:35:06

attack the chicks.

00:35:11

After analyzing what it saw, scientists came

00:35:13

to the conclusion that this snake was not hunting, but

00:35:16

was looking for shelter in

00:35:19

this area fits perfectly

00:35:23

during the experiment, only one snake was noticed near the nesting site,

00:35:29

so far there is no evidence of a

00:35:33

snake attack on cormorant chicks, but why the answer

00:35:40

can be given by the reaction of the Australian teapot

00:35:42

to the impending danger,

00:35:47

the tiger snake has set its sights on the seagull chick, the

00:35:51

parents are trying to drive away

00:35:54

the animal,

00:36:12

but this does not help,

00:36:19

they can only use the only ones

00:36:22

available weapons their beaks

00:36:29

bite tiger snakes die so they

00:36:32

aim at the tail

00:36:40

the snake does not stop will have to take

00:36:48

desperate measures to save the chick

00:36:51

despite the danger the

00:36:53

seagull attacks the snake from the head

00:36:58

[music]

00:37:03

the technique works those no we will save the

00:37:10

furious manner in which the seagulls protect

00:37:13

their chicks

00:37:14

may explain why the snake does not

00:37:17

risk attacking cormorant chicks;

00:37:25

adult cormorants are 2 times larger

00:37:27

and their hooked beaks are sharp and like a

00:37:30

blade

00:37:32

they can be extremely aggressive and

00:37:38

after an attack by a seagull the snake will escape with

00:37:41

wounds,

00:37:42

but damage from a collision with an

00:37:45

adult cormorant can become

00:37:47

fatal

00:37:49

[music]

00:37:52

on the body of this the snake was left with a terrible scar

00:37:58

and 4 or 5 rows of seagulls were broken

00:38:00

[music]

00:38:02

and are too small to cause

00:38:04

such harm; in addition, there are

00:38:06

no traces of claws on the body; a

00:38:10

bird of prey could not have left such

00:38:12

wounds

00:38:13

[music]

00:38:15

judging by the severity of the wounds, it can be

00:38:17

assumed that they were inflicted by a cormorant,

00:38:20

however there is no evidence and we cannot

00:38:23

know for sure

00:38:27

this snake is still on the road to recovery but

00:38:31

many tiger snakes have been injured so

00:38:33

seriously that they will never recover

00:38:39

they have gone blind feeding season on

00:38:50

Karnak Island is in full swing and the seagulls are desperately

00:38:54

defending their nests

00:39:05

they are too small to kill a tiger

00:39:07

snake but are capable of inflicting terrible

00:39:11

damage by attacking a particularly vulnerable

00:39:14

part of the snake's body;

00:39:16

eyes;

00:39:21

almost ten percent of the snakes on the island of

00:39:24

Karnak lost their sight in battles with

00:39:27

seagulls protecting their offspring; despite

00:39:32

incurable wounds,

00:39:33

snakes do not lose the ability to hunt, but

00:39:40

how do they do this? snakes are

00:39:43

professional hunters with

00:39:46

many strategies; one Australian

00:39:51

the asp has perfectly mastered the skills of

00:39:54

hunting blind viper figurative

00:40:02

deadly snake is considered to be the 8th most

00:40:07

powerful snake on the planet in terms of venom strength

00:40:09

short thick and not very flexible

00:40:13

deadly snake does not track prey

00:40:15

like most asps it waits in

00:40:21

ambush,

00:40:30

hiding the snake lies motionless and

00:40:34

catches the slightest movements of the

00:40:36

victim as soon as

00:40:41

the snake approaches they will demonstrate

00:40:44

incredible speed and throw

00:40:48

1 and the lightning-fastest on the planet themselves could if

00:40:55

tiger snakes

00:40:57

change their hunting style from chasing to

00:41:00

waiting in this theory there is one

00:41:05

big drawback of their prey - seagull chicks, which

00:41:09

have a natural

00:41:12

self-preservation mechanism, sensing danger they

00:41:15

freeze

00:41:19

the only way of hunting for a blind

00:41:21

tiger snake

00:41:22

to find its prey is that the blind snake

00:41:29

prowls in search of chicks,

00:41:36

like all snakes, it can smell prey

00:41:39

from afar with the help of its forked

00:41:42

tongue, the

00:41:48

seagull chick takes refuge in the nest and

00:41:51

turns on the defense mechanism and stops

00:41:54

moving,

00:41:58

this strategy saves from most

00:42:01

predators,

00:42:02

however the blind snake senses that lunch is somewhere

00:42:06

nearby,

00:42:11

they comb everything around until they find the

00:42:14

chicks

00:42:19

[music]

00:42:28

then it simply opens its mouth and

00:42:30

swallows the prey without attacking, thanks to the

00:42:45

abundance of Australians teaching them on the island of

00:42:47

Karnak, blind tiger snakes can

00:42:50

feast no worse than their sighted

00:42:53

counterparts

00:42:55

[ music]

00:42:58

scientists studied blind snakes and found

00:43:01

that they are absolutely healthy and are not inferior to

00:43:04

sighted ones

00:43:06

[music]

00:43:08

another evidence of the incredible

00:43:11

ability of tiger snakes

00:43:13

to adapt

00:43:19

[music]

00:43:23

tiger snakes from Karnak Island

00:43:25

overcame many difficulties,

00:43:29

they not only survived on this

00:43:31

unfriendly island but are also thriving

00:43:35

there

00:43:36

these snakes reached new adaptations of

00:43:39

narrow heights and outgrew their

00:43:42

continental counterparts thanks to

00:43:45

survival skills blind wasps without a sharp

00:43:48

carnac earned the title of the most persistent

00:43:52

snakes

00:43:53

programs voiced at the Willis studio

00:43:55

text read by Oleg Belov

Description:

Тигровая змея. Природа national geographic Документальные фильмы о природе про природу. Змеи Самая ядовитая змея Змеиный остров . Самые опасные змеи.

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