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Matlab

Mathworks

Simulink

матлаб

симулинк

MATLAB

Exponenta

лекции

инженеры

оцифровка

сигнал

цифровая обработка сигналов

DSP

Digital signal processing

ЦОС

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I am an engineer at the exhibitor center with this video we

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are opening a series of videos dedicated to the

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basics of digital signal processing when

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creating these videos we

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were guided by the goal of talking about the

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topic of data centers in simple words we will not get

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hung up on formulas but

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will pay more attention to the so-called physics of

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the process we will consider practical examples

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and we will try to understand the basic principles;

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we hope that the videos will be interesting both to

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newcomers to SOS and to those who are well

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versed in the area under consideration but

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perhaps want to look at familiar

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things through a new prism;

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we will still focus primarily on those

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who are just discovering the new world

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sucks and doesn’t fully understand what it is, is

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it related to computers and

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programming,

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or is it still the presence of microcircuits?

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We will give answers to these and many other questions in

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our series of videos, the

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first important question that we want to

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answer is why is it important to us in to

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figure out where we can apply this

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knowledge and where in our everyday life

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we encounter digital

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signal processing, to answer this question you do

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n’t have to go far, just

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take your smartphone; this device

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plays audio and video; it processes

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photos; it transmits and receives information over the

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network; it evaluates its own position in

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space scans a fingerprint

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or a user profile and all this

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is achievable through digital

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signal processing and examples from everyday

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life; many modern medical

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devices cannot do without pumps; smart

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vehicles

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process a signal from a variety of

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sensors and independently assess the

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road situation; radar stations

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control the takeoff and landing of aircraft

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at airfields,

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telecommunications and global positioning systems are

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all based on the suction algorithm; in other

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words, digital signal processing

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surrounds us everywhere today and

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our comfort and safety depend on it; it’s

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time for definitions; let’s start with the

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definition of a signal; a signal is a

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physical process that carries

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information if we receive information

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from which - that the physical process will be

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stopped for us by a signal, let's look at

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examples, usually we visualize signals

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on graphs so more clearly, and here is a graph of

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temperature changes in the area of

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Logan International Airport for

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1 month on the x-axis on the graph,

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time is plotted on the y-axis degrees is this a one-dimensional

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signal or an electrocardiogram recording

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is also a one-dimensional signal, a change in

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voltage on the electrodes over time,

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human speech, a change in sound pressure over

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time, but the signal can also

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change in space, for example,

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an image, it reflects a change in color

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and illumination in space, if we

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consider a digital image, then

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it usually consists of pixels, the

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brightness value of individual pixels

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changes in space, each line of

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pixels can be considered as a

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separate one-dimensional signal, here the

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keyword

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consider is how we consider

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or represent the signal is very important for

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processing, we use a certain

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mathematical apparatus, what is essentially the

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brightness value of a pixel of one line,

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this is a set of numbers on which you can

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perform, for example, arithmetic

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operations or they can be reflected on

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a graph by plotting the position

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of pixels in space along the x-axis by adding several

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lines we get a matrix. The image is

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often presented in the form of

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numerical matrices and this representation is

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essentially a

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mathematical model of the signal, something on which

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we can operate;

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we have presented the image in the form of a matrix and

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we can use linear algebra, or

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for example, we can describe the signal with a formula and

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determine its value by substituting the

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parameters at any time; a

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mathematical description for the

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physical process under consideration; we

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select dependencies on the problem being solved

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and the mathematics available to us; and

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we will talk about this in more detail in future

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videos; for now, a short excursion into

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history, another basic definition,

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signal processing is performing

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actions on a signal to change its

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characteristics or obtaining information.

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Such an action was previously carried out

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without the use of computers and

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microcircuits. Consider a typical example:

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amplification of an analog electrical

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signal; analog electrical circuits

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consist of transistors,

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capacitor resistors, and so on; the picture

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shows an amplification cascade

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it allows us

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to obtain a signal of larger amplitude from a signal of small amplitude;

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there is a change in the characteristics of

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the signal, that is, its processing of the

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phase and frequency detector circuit can help

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us evaluate the characteristics of the

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electrical signal, that is, obtain

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information; analog circuits operate with

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continuous signals, while

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digital devices process

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discrete zero samples and units of

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digital signals, here is an example of the passage of a

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digital signal through a microcircuit, in fact, here there

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is also a change in the value of the

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input signal and the microcircuit

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is a digital amplifier, but

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why should we use

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digital signals and the device? digital

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signals were first used in

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communication systems since they were more

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stable to noise and interference, and here you

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can draw an analogy with Morse code,

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you probably remember how in the movies when the

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communication system stops working, the hero

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remembers Morse code and starts

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pressing tangent, transmit dots and dashes,

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such a simple signal reaches in the most

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difficult conditions

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zeros and ones of a digital signal in essence the

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same dots and dashes can be used to

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encode any information in the same way as

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we encode letters in Morse code; an

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analog signal carries information, for

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example, the value of its amplitudes and it

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is important for us to know the exact value in

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order to receive a message without errors; a

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digital signal has only two

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amplitude values, large or small unit

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or 0, noise is superimposed on the signal during transmission,

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and in the case of an analog

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signal, this noise can greatly distort the

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amplitude value, while on a digital signal

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we can still understand where zero is and where

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one is and decode the message without

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errors, the development of digital communications has led to the

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development digital computing technology,

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and so now we have

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programmable digital computers

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that are present in almost

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every device, but analog

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processing has not gone away; modern

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devices also often contain

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analog circuits along with digital ones, so

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we got to the main definition:

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digital signal processing is a method of

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signal processing based on numerical

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methods using digital

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computer technology, this is what a

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generalized diagram of the COS system looks like;

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it describes the general case of

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processing a physical, that is,

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analog signal by a digital

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computer at the input and output of the

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processing system; a continuous analog signal

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that passes through a special

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device, an

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analog-to-digital converter, and then in the

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form of a sequence zeros and

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ones go to a digital computer, the

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output sequence

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is converted back into analog form by a

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digital-to-analog converter, we will tell you in detail about

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what this device is, how they work

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later, in principle,

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COS can be carried out on an initially

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digital signal and conversion to

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analog form is not required about the fact that what

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is a digital signal and how do we

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get it from analog next

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video

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Российская платформа математических вычислений и динамического моделирования Engee: сайт: https://start.engee.com/ Телеграм канал: https://t.me/engee_com ############### Наш тренинг "Проектирование систем цифровой обработки сигналов" https://exponenta.ru/SLBE-G Ролик открывает серию видео, рассказывающих об основах ЦОС. Простота изложения, демонстрация простых примеров и объяснение базовых принципов делают тему доступной даже для новичков в ЦОС, а для опытных практиков помогает взглянуть на привычные вещи свежим взглядом. В данном ролике объясняется, где обработка сигналов встречается в обычной жизни и как применить наши знания на практике. Даем базовые определения – сигнал, представление сигнала, обработка сигналов. Все видео и описание https://exponenta.ru/news/cifrovaya-obrabotka-signalov Плейлист "Введение в цифровую обработку сигналов (ЦОС)": https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLmu_y3-DV2_kpP8oX_Uug0IbgH2T4hRPL Проект «Карьера» - вакансии для разработчиков и инженеров: https://hub.exponenta.ru/career Подписывайтесь на нас VK ‣ https://vk.com/mathworks Telegram ‣ https://t.me/exponenta_ru

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