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Russian
00:00:02
[music]00:00:08
Hello dear00:00:10
friends, today we will talk about such a00:00:15
terrible sin as00:00:19
drunkenness and how it arose in00:00:23
Russia and what words are00:00:28
associated with it, after00:00:30
all, Russia is00:00:32
indiscriminately accused that they are bitter drunkards,00:00:36
that they drink huge amounts of00:00:40
vodka and drown it out silently00:00:44
without toasts And well, that this is our00:00:48
national00:00:50
custom, is it really so, after all,00:00:54
even the slightest acquaintance with any00:00:57
European00:00:58
culture00:01:00
that other peoples of Europe also have a00:01:04
tradition of drinking strong drinks, the00:01:07
French, cognac, the Germans,00:01:10
schnapps, the British,00:01:12
whiskey But they are not called bitter00:01:17
drunkards,00:01:18
although they consume intoxicating drinks00:01:21
drinks are no less than00:01:25
Russian, apparently there00:01:28
is a00:01:30
certain one here and we must00:01:33
try to dispel this slander and00:01:37
tell how the Slavs and the Russian people in general00:01:43
treated the culture00:01:48
[music]00:01:50
drinking intoxicating00:01:52
drinking is part of the culture of the Indo-Europeans00:01:57
let’s not be hypocritical because in00:02:01
ancient times the principle of bread and00:02:04
circuses was in effect and it essentially meant hard00:02:09
work, obtaining food and00:02:13
relaxation, which was accompanied by00:02:17
fun. That is why everyday life00:02:20
was interspersed with holidays. That is why00:02:24
fun00:02:28
was accompanied by00:02:30
intoxicating00:02:36
to amuse the holiday, they gave it a stream00:02:42
of fun, but what kind of drinks did the Russians drink since ancient times, there00:02:50
were two of these drinks:00:02:53
beer and00:02:57
honey beer and honey are00:03:00
two of the most ancient Russian and generally00:03:03
Slavic drinks, they00:03:07
had a light00:03:09
strength00:03:13
and were made from00:03:15
barley with the addition of hops, beer was brewed00:03:21
from here, these ancient words of ours are to be00:03:25
briefly00:03:28
hung over, that is, you are a little00:03:33
cheerful, and we have preserved this word Hops00:03:37
precisely as evidence of the00:03:40
ancient joy of00:03:42
drinking, the second word is00:03:46
honey honey was distinguished in two types: unleavened00:03:50
honey - this is the one that is pumped out of00:03:55
soda;00:03:58
this would not be fun. But the other honey,00:04:02
which was called00:04:04
[music]00:04:06
protege, discarded00:04:10
honey was00:04:11
thrown up by degrees, this is the honey00:04:17
they drank, and the use of such honey has00:04:21
been known since ancient times00:04:24
and back in00:04:27
44800:04:30
the historian reported in the Byzantine00:04:33
chronicles00:04:35
that the Slavs greeted and rested the ambassadors of the Byzantine emperor to the00:04:40
leader of the Huns and00:04:42
Tilly with honey00:04:47
and this Slavic word honey honey was listed in the00:04:52
Byzantine00:04:54
Chronicles. And in the 10th century, a Saxon grammarian00:05:00
described how the Slavs made a00:05:03
sacrifice with honey, what did they00:05:07
do? the hands of the rock00:05:15
were filled with wine, as the Saxon00:05:18
grammarian wrote, or with honey and they00:05:24
sang an appeal to the00:05:26
deity and then the priest00:05:30
drank this drink in one gulp, the priest drank it00:05:35
to the bottom Yes, this is a pagan custom, it00:05:41
existed before00:05:43
Christianity But it remained with us in a00:05:47
nutshell in the coincidence of the words drink and00:05:53
sing Dada, here is an academician trumpeter and many00:05:58
others00:06:00
confirm that the words drink and sing, but not a00:06:04
single root, of course00:06:07
Christianity changed this custom,00:06:13
it explained00:06:16
to the Slavs that00:06:19
drinking is not associated with00:06:23
sacrifice, and in00:06:26
Christianity, the Slavs of Urukh had such a00:06:30
Sacrament as00:06:41
[music] of the00:06:49
essential,00:06:52
healthy, living, human wine drink it00:06:57
in moderation in moderation, and moreover, wine00:07:03
was not a terrible evil because honey and beer00:07:08
were light, cheerful alcoholic00:07:12
drinks about which Vladimir the00:07:15
Red Sun, the baptist of Russia, choosing00:07:19
Faith, said fun in Russia is drink00:07:24
weight,00:07:28
and00:07:30
there were two more types of drinks00:07:34
that are associated with fermentation and could00:07:37
have a light Hops00:07:40
is kvass And here it’s just kvass fermenting00:07:59
fruits and berries jelly in the old days00:08:02
they made00:08:05
ground fermented oats from oats, this is the00:08:09
ancient Ritual jelly that00:08:12
accompanied Motherland and Christina and00:08:17
funerals And in general these light drinks00:08:21
existed on00:08:23
holidays and on special00:08:28
celebrations, which is00:08:30
interesting. Although the pagan essence of00:08:34
the sacrifice was crossed out00:08:36
in modern Christianity00:08:39
A thousand years ago, it was00:08:42
crossed out00:08:43
[music]00:08:44
but three traditions remained, they remained00:08:49
precisely in connection with the consumption of light00:08:53
amusing discarded drinks:00:08:58
drinking00:08:59
to00:09:00
the bottom, pouring the cup full and gathering00:09:06
to drink00:09:08
together as a large00:09:10
team because drinking alone00:09:14
was a sin, it’s00:09:18
just a drink, the fun00:09:24
won’t be wasted, but these00:09:27
traditions of pouring tea And by the way, the house is a full00:09:30
cup, this image has arisen since then and00:09:35
drinking to the bottom, remember how Saxon the Grammar00:09:40
noted that rock was overturning00:09:43
drain all together and pagan00:09:48
traditions but00:09:50
preserved until those times00:09:53
when the00:09:55
use of strong drinks00:09:59
and the so-called Russian00:10:06
[music]00:10:07
vodka arose. I said that Russian vodka is so-00:10:12
called and this is the absolute truth because00:10:17
vodka came to us in Russia only in the 15th00:10:24
century from Italy precisely In Europe, a00:10:29
tradition arose of drinking very strong00:10:32
alcoholic00:10:33
drinks. And before that, in00:10:37
Russia there were tinctures with a small00:10:41
amount of alcohol on berries and00:10:45
herbs, they were called green00:10:49
wine00:10:51
potion or00:10:55
voditsa voditsa. That was the name of the00:10:59
tincture made with different00:11:02
berries and00:11:04
when did this alcoholic strong00:11:09
liquid00:11:10
and recipes for its preparation come00:11:14
the frigs were brought to us from Italy. I suspect that00:11:18
along with the construction of the Kremlin and00:11:22
with the construction of temples, the frigs00:11:57
relaxed themselves like this. You see what glasses of00:12:03
crumbs Russian spirits were consumed from,00:12:06
and such a glass could be00:12:11
filled from the top and drunk to the00:12:17
bottom And of course, all together And Here00:12:22
foreigners, describing Russian life of the00:12:26
19th century, just00:12:30
said00:12:32
that for the00:12:36
health of the00:12:37
hosts, every guest had to drink00:12:41
Charka to the bottom, otherwise he would not respect the owner00:12:45
and hostess. That’s where this ancient00:12:49
tradition comes from. You respect me.00:12:53
Yes, if you don’t drink, you don’t respect me00:12:57
except so that the house is full00:13:01
they drank to the bottom with a cup. In addition, they all drank00:13:05
together. But the Russians, of course, also prepared00:13:11
vodka according to their own recipes, already00:13:14
brought from00:13:16
Italy00:13:17
for private shared use on00:13:22
holidays. And how did drunkenness arise and00:13:27
drunkenness arose when00:13:32
Tavern Shen came to us from the same Europe and from the East and00:13:41
tavern, note all three words are foreign00:13:46
Korchma words00:13:50
[music]00:13:57
Arabic-Russian tavern is a German word and00:14:01
it means a place where wine is poured and00:14:05
here Nemchura we are00:14:11
vulnerable to grief because wine was poured00:14:15
There not only on holidays and finally00:14:19
tavern00:14:21
tavern is a French word just from00:14:26
cabaret What does a cabaret mean, it’s00:14:34
just a place for drinking00:14:38
alcohol, and00:14:41
here, too, these drinking00:14:46
establishments arose, they changed the culture of drinking, and00:14:51
if Russians used to get together with their00:14:55
families on holidays and drink a little glass a00:14:59
little at a time and00:15:04
the fun began, then in these cabarets there is00:15:08
tavern and The tavern could be drunk without a00:15:14
holiday without a00:15:16
reason But collectively everyone00:15:20
together And here it is00:15:24
the basis of this Russian grief when the00:15:32
golden glass increased and00:15:40
aggravates the00:15:43
tradition very clearly00:15:47
blue counteraction to00:15:50
drunkenness00:15:53
firstly the guest if he came to the house and00:15:57
drank00:15:59
He had to stay on his00:16:03
feet if he he couldn’t drink the00:16:07
next glass anymore, he had to be put to bed,00:16:10
left at home and not allowed,00:16:13
not let out into the street for shame, in00:16:16
danger that he would fall asleep somewhere, freeze,00:16:19
and so00:16:20
on. And it is no coincidence that it is on this00:16:25
basis that there is a 10th level00:16:29
pi maybe remember00:16:32
the feast drink for your health00:16:36
lifting is when you get up from00:16:39
the table you drink or you have no strength and then00:16:45
finding your legs is for you to reach00:16:53
the door firmly further Court00:16:56
leave the yard you won’t be able to drink00:17:00
Come back Lie down in the cage00:17:03
to sleep And then the love spell00:17:10
saddle00:17:12
stirrup00:17:14
we today we only remember the belt and00:17:19
on the road. And you know what it is,00:17:22
they put a staff on the road, they put a glass on it, and00:17:27
if the guest00:17:29
can firmly take it and drink it in one fell swoop, it00:17:32
means he’s not drunk enough and can00:17:36
hit the00:17:37
road, that’s the Russian tradition of00:17:42
clearly00:17:44
tracking whether a person is drunk or not drunk00:17:47
what is his measure because the measure was different for everyone,00:17:52
but there was a tradition of00:17:57
one action of00:18:00
drunkenness which was00:18:04
described by Fyodor Ivanovich Buslaev. The00:18:07
great expert on the Russian00:18:10
[music]00:18:14
people Fyodor Ivanovich00:18:16
Pusep. The great expert on the Russian00:18:20
people00:18:21
described the stages of drinking as follows:00:18:28
they drink a Charka when they are00:18:32
thirsty and drink a second Charka for00:18:36
sweetness, this is still a00:18:38
pleasure, they drink the third Charka for health00:18:43
and you and I know Well, for00:18:47
health we say for health, we00:18:52
drink the fourth Charka for00:18:54
fun and, in fact,00:18:57
here we need to put an end to it. According to00:19:01
folk tradition, everything has been achieved. Thirst has been quenched,00:19:10
health and fun have been achieved, we00:19:15
’ve put00:19:17
an end to it, but00:19:19
no, folk tradition says that the00:19:23
fifth00:19:24
glass is drunk into drunkenness,00:19:28
this is already00:19:30
a prohibition; the sixth glass is drunk into demons; the00:19:39
seventh is drunk into bitter00:19:42
death. This is where the expression came from:00:19:46
drinking bitterly. That is, in fact, this is an00:19:49
abbreviated expression: drinking into bitter00:19:52
death, drinking even a small glass of this glass leads00:19:59
to bitter00:20:02
drunkenness; bitter00:20:04
drunkard. According to folklore traditions have00:20:09
a suicide of00:20:11
Dada, after all, the Russians00:20:27
were equated with lips because he did not die a natural00:20:33
death from00:20:35
drunkenness and he was00:20:38
not supposed to be buried like a suicide, but left on the Earth,00:20:42
covered with branches somehow00:20:45
because he had not lived out his life on earth and the00:20:49
earth would be offended by his presence in it00:20:54
and such a person was called a00:20:57
hostage or a hostage. And who is a00:21:00
Hostage? Look, drunkenness00:21:05
deciphered this word for us. A hostage is a00:21:09
walking, living dead00:21:11
man, because hostages are these same00:21:15
drunkards. According to popular beliefs, they00:21:18
walked after death and frightened good00:21:21
people on00:21:23
earth; a walking dead man. Today we00:21:26
say hostages. to hall A This word00:21:31
came to us00:21:35
from a00:21:36
refutation of the fight against00:21:40
drunkenness, this is how the Russian00:21:44
tradition resisted00:21:47
drunkenness and how many words were born in00:21:53
condemnation of drunkenness Look, what00:21:57
is it to be drunk we have how many00:21:59
expressions drunk on the board - this is about a00:22:02
carpenter drunk in rags about a tailor00:22:06
drunk in rattling is a glazier00:22:10
some00:22:12
drunk as a tailor a00:22:15
shoemaker all this seemed to cover everything00:22:21
possible in00:22:22
drunkenness And also Look at the verbs on00:22:27
zyuzyuk00:22:29
Nadra naza00:22:32
naka all these are words that liken a00:22:36
person to an animal and a drunk in00:22:41
death is simply indistinguishable00:22:44
from a dead person and a drunk in the trash is just00:22:51
garbage like that The Russian language struggled with00:22:56
drunkenness00:22:59
no We, of course, cannot call the Russian people a00:23:03
bitter drunkard. We certainly00:23:06
cannot and have no right to say that this is a00:23:11
deep tradition of our life, it’s all imposed on00:23:15
us,00:23:18
brought in and we were different and we must00:23:25
cleanse ourselves today from all00:23:28
the understanding that Drunkenness is the walking00:23:34
dead walking the earth, what00:23:37
pleasure is this bread and circuses00:23:42
still should not stand above for a long time00:23:47
in front of the family in front of the homeland in front of their00:23:55
[music]00:23:56
children And today when we are told00:24:00
that mountain customs, making toasts00:24:06
is opposed to Russian the custom of sipping00:24:10
vodka in silence00:24:12
and stupidly00:24:14
gathering for three, then we will object00:24:20
precisely because since pagan times,00:24:24
uttering,00:24:28
drinking00:24:30
and singing words of the same00:24:34
root were00:24:35
united, united and preserved00:24:38
as feasts where00:24:41
good wishes are said for all those00:24:54
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