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авторская экскурсия

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hello today we will talk about Anapa,

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it would seem that this is not the center and what is

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so interesting here, but in fact there is a

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lot of interesting things here, the area is multifaceted,

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I would even say multi-layered, first of all,

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there is Ekateringof Park nearby

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and its history, the events of 1905, Bloody

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Sunday also took place here,

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including in several districts of the city,

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the history of the Narva triumphal gates,

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the history of the development of the St. Petersburg metro, and

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finally the history of the Narva outpost as

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such a working district as the center of the labor

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movement, but also a lot of

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other interesting things, unfortunately I won’t be able to tell you about everything at

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once because it is a

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large volume and I will only dwell on

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interesting moments with my humble

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point of view, and so here once

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was a postal road to Narva, well, and

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accordingly it gave the name to the outpost

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that was located here, or rather, it

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immigrated into space, first the

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train was closer to the center on the Fontanka

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near the Kalinka bridge, then it moved beyond the

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bypass canal and, accordingly,

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the road in Narva the name Narva

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Outpost at the beginning of the twentieth century it

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became such a working-class district

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because many

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plants and factories appeared here, the

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center of the labor movement, and the

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thirties of the twentieth century this is a

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completely different area a cozy corner of

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constructivism new Leningrad

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I will dwell on this in even more detail

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so once upon a time more precisely, at the beginning of the 18th

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century, when the city was just being formed, the

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Peterhof road began from here from these places, that same road to

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Peterhof, well, let’s say the imperial one, there

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was a lot of this urban

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subject naturally, and there were a lot of dachas and

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estates here, from here, by the way, that very well-

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known theory about the origin of the word

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otdacha It is believed that Peter the First

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distributed the verb to give, gave plots

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of land to his subjects and ordered to

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build estates on them and improve

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the territory so that the entire road along its

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entire length would be very

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beautiful and he called the

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lovely move from Paris Versailles by

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analogy in the second half of the 19th century,

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especially active here from and on the inlet

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canal, because of the bypass canal,

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many factories and factories are being built,

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large factories appear, the

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state-owned iron foundry, which

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later became the Putilovsky plant, and today

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we all know it as the Kirov plant, the

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shadow telephone, the chemical plant, which is

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now the Obukhov Ekateringof

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manufactory, and in general, many

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enterprises, of course since

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workers work in factories and factories, they

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need to live somewhere close to production,

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and that’s why such active development is underway,

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new city blocks are appearing,

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mostly

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the poor naturally live because most of these

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workers were poor in one way or another,

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but someday you

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can rewind the time to say about this Narva outpost is

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not just a working district, but also a

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vegetable garden.

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Such an Abraham or Abram Ushakov has never lived in this area.

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It is believed that he

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came to the city in 1840 from the Yaroslavl

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province, that with some funds

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that he had with him, he bought

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here behind the Narva outpost there was some land

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and he began to engage in gardening and

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it worked out so well for him that he sold all the

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vegetables and fruits

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and

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it came to the point that he even became a

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supplier to the imperial court,

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but in addition to the fact that he was a successful

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garden entrepreneur, he was also a

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philanthropist and he invested a lot of his money

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in the development of this area, with

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his money they built, for example, the

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Emelyanovskaya school, the Ushakovo

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Zemskaya school, as they called it then, among

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other schools, there was an orphanage

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mainly for young girls, it was

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Ushakov who sponsored this orphanage, the

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Emelyanovskaya hospital, the Ushakovo

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Zemskaya Zemskaya Hospital, in general, he was like that was a

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philanthropist and very naturally

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influenced the development of this area

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in the toponymy of the city,

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they are preserved for you to mention now this is a garden

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lane it exists and also the now

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modern Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya street was

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once called Ushakov sky or a new

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step he sky that’s actually in honor of this

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Abram Ushakov

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and well among other things, he mentioned, of course,

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that the area, since it was a

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working-class area

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and

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these workers were mostly poor, at the

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beginning of the 20th century, the area became very

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criminal,

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that’s what they wrote in 1903 in a

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St. Petersburg leaflet,

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holidays became impossible to pass

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safely on Panama Avenue, court,

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agency street or old in Peterhof near

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Prospekt, from the teahouse on Narva

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Prospekt, from the alley of numbered bathhouses,

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brawlers and adults and teenagers constantly jump out to

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passers-by,

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especially to the houses; many parents in this

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area are afraid to send their

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daughters to school without an escort; great

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disgraces are also seen on the other

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side of the Narva gate, where in the house along the

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shore rivers tara ditch,

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about a dozen women,

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inhabitants of the hot field, recently settled in their lairs,

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brawls that are truly indescribable are arranged in their lairs,

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despite such a criminal

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component of the area, its development, of course,

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continued, although the sanitary condition

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left much to be desired,

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here at the beginning of the 20th century there were no

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really good roads and there were no sidewalks either,

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in the same St. Petersburg leaflet,

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homeowners of local dachas were finally

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forced to build bridges and sidewalks

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near their houses, thanks to this, the

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gutters on both sides of the roads disappeared,

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but despite all this, it was not

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in the unsightly state of the area that

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transport appeared here back in

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1880, that is, at the end of the nineteenth century, a

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private joint-stock company

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organized here the Putilov line of the

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horse-drawn railway, that is, that same tram line,

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it was single track and stretched all the way

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to the plant and further in that direction

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to the south,

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but in 1909 Nicholas II

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signed the charter of the company

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Oranienbaum electric road and

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the very famous one appeared and wounded the

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tram, the tracks

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of which also stretched through the turnout

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through the plant and further on to Strelna and

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Peterhof, the total length of the road at

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that time was sixty-six

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kilometers, this is considered a world

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record,

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but actually it was a tram, but for

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that time one can say boldly that this is the

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essence of this tram road was

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that it was such a commuter train behind

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me, the Narvskaya metro station is

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one of the most interesting in our city,

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by the way, the metro began to be built in March

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41, then history made its own

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adjustments, understandably, and

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construction had to be frozen, the mines

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were filled the foundation

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pits were filled with water and it was possible to

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resume the construction of the metro only in the

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forty-fifth year,

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10 years later in

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1955, the 1st

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red metro line appeared in Leningrad, but accordingly the

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stations,

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if you go down there, you can

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see that the motive for the design of this

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station is the labor glory of the Soviet people, the

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most different professions

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are a kind of Easter egg, the architects of

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this station are believed to have left

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such a reference to Montferrand; as is known,

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St. Isaac's Cathedral was built according to Montferrand's design and there on the bas-relief on the

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western side of the cathedral the architect

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depicted himself so handsome with a

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model of the cathedral in his hands, and here below at the

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station the builders

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holding a model of a metro station, well, it’s

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believed that such a greeting from Montferrand

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was conveyed to a

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public station, there are a lot of all

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sorts of legends and conjectures associated with it, for example, it

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has a route development that is characteristic of a

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biological station, either an interchange station or a

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terminal station, well, for obvious reasons, why they

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made this side route here is

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unclear, but naturally,

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speculation arose among the people that they allegedly tried

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to build some kind of underground city,

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or another common

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opinion is that they wanted to call it

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Stalin’s,

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it’s not a fact that they wanted it, a very

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common theory, downstairs at the station there

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really was an image of

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Stalin, a mosaic panel, then they took it from the corner,

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but in general, before in the metro we had many

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images of the leader at almost every

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station, again, everyone was removed with the

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exception of one station, if

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by the way you know the answer to this question, at

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which station do we still have

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Stalin without using Google and Yandex,

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of course you can write in the

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comments,

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but let’s rewind time back in another era in

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1814 we will win Napoleon's troops, our

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Russian army was returning home and

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Alexander the first ordered the construction of a

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triumphal gate so that the

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troops would solemnly enter the city, the

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design of the architect Quarenghi was chosen,

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who, according to his design, built the gate

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literally in a month, that is, very quickly,

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but not in this place, but closer to the introductory one the

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canal was not made of wood and plaster;

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wood, as is known, is a very

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short-lived material, especially in our

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humid St. Petersburg climate, but after

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a few years these gates fell into disrepair; they

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ordered the gate to be rebuilt and they are already

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choosing another project by Vasily Stasov,

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which in general retains the idea of the

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previous one architect's gate in the Empire style

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at this place on the site of the Tara river grooves

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here they are decorated with a chariot

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that controls lava and below there are 3 non-

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Russian knights

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these conversations are

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dressed in clothes that were created according to

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drawings from the armory of the Moscow

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Kremlin

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inscriptions on the gate there are lists of

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regiments who took part in the war,

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as well as the places of battles,

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and actually the material was chosen, a

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different brick was chosen,

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which ultimately became more durable.

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The sculptures were created by sculptors Pimin

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and Dimond Malinovsky, they very often

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worked in pairs, for example,

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there is a similar chariot on the arches of the main headquarters on the

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palace square the same guys

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worked there and Peter Claude did it for her, but the

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same Claude who

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churned out many of these horses, the most famous on the

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Anichkov Bridge, but this work

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is considered his first serious

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work in

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1888, here at the gate they set up a

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city archive, many documents were kept,

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but his they burned it during the

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February revolution of 17, and exactly

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a hundred years later a museum was built in the gates; it still

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works here to this day; it is a

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branch of the museum of urban sculpture;

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there is a good reason to visit the museum; it’s cozy;

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in general, inside its mouth,

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you can also visit

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urban legends; there are plenty of urban legends here too

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the most common thing is that at the top of the gate there

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lives a certain spirit or sorcerer,

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and this figure sometimes appeared, I

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will read

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here there is a spirit of the gate, as soon as the clock struck

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midnight, another sculpture appeared,

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which sometimes raised its hands up

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as if greeting someone below, they say

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that residents of nearby houses even

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avoided the gate at night and

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they were afraid to look at the sculptures, and so

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one of the avant-garde artists, Pavel

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Filonov, depicted this sorcerer in his painting

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and the painting is called the

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Narva Gate, written in the twenty-

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ninth year and for it, as it is believed,

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the artist was called an eyewitness of the invisible, and

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in the

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1920s the decision of the new

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Soviet the power to build the battle

00:13:59

of the Narva outpost, new Leningrad in

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1924, the architect Lev Ilyin is developing a

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plan for the reconstruction of this entire area, a

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whole ensemble of constructivist buildings

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is being formed,

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it consisted of two squares, let’s say, that

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formed this ensemble, this is the

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current strike square and Kirovskaya, and

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the very famous

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Putilov town where they built a certain

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number of buildings, each building had

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its own clear purpose, the

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fact is that after the revolution of 17,

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nothing new was built in the country, there was

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devastation, there was nothing to build, and in the

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speed of the Soviet government, the Bolsheviks

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came to the conclusion that it was necessary to build, let’s say,

00:14:50

in a style that coincides with the

00:14:53

party's course of opposing everything

00:14:56

so old, outdated bourgeois,

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that same constructivism appeared and

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literally a few years over the course of ten

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years, many interesting buildings were built

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in Leningrad and throughout the

00:15:10

country and constructivism falls

00:15:12

somewhere around 28, that's about literally

00:15:16

a few years and then the party's course the

00:15:19

architectural style has changed, the architectural style has changed

00:15:21

to diametrically opposed ones to the

00:15:23

Stalinist Empire style

00:15:26

in general, constructivism, by the way, is

00:15:28

the only architectural style that

00:15:31

has appeared in our country, and these

00:15:33

relatives can be considered German

00:15:35

bauhaus and Dutch by stayl we personally,

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I no longer know similar styles,

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the main such distinctive

00:15:43

features are ideally considered complete

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absence decorations,

00:15:48

emphasis on the functionality of the building, on

00:15:51

simplicity, on geometric shapes, strip glazing was very

00:15:54

often used in collectivist

00:15:56

buildings,

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and now I will tell you about

00:16:02

several such interesting buildings,

00:16:05

first of all, this is the soundboard named after Gorky

00:16:09

in general, this Palace of Culture 1 in

00:16:12

Leningrad and in general the first one built by the

00:16:14

Soviet government in throughout the country,

00:16:17

it was naturally conceived as a

00:16:20

concert for such an entertainment

00:16:22

complex, there was also a cinema

00:16:26

in the plan, this building resembles,

00:16:30

well, according to experts, it resembles a

00:16:34

clenched fist, which symbolizes power,

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I wonder what kind of

00:16:39

architectural geometric forms

00:16:41

in 1937 this building received a Grand Prix

00:16:46

at the world exhibition in Paris and it was built by

00:16:49

several people where it was

00:16:51

Dmitriev and others,

00:16:54

the scene of this wildly trampled many famous

00:16:57

names Vladimir Mayakovsky

00:17:00

Zinaida Reich Klavdiya Shulzhenko

00:17:04

Andrey Mironov Oleg Yankovsky

00:17:06

Arkady Raikin and many others and

00:17:09

today the building is used for its

00:17:11

intended purpose there is a concert venue and to

00:17:13

what extent I know there are also a number of

00:17:14

sports and creative clubs functioning, and

00:17:17

so on, and the

00:17:20

building opposite

00:17:22

is a

00:17:24

beautiful building of a Kirov department store, in

00:17:26

fact, this is a

00:17:28

former building of a kitchen factory,

00:17:33

in general, a kitchen factory, how the idea

00:17:36

appeared to free women from

00:17:40

kitchen slavery, the Soviet government

00:17:42

declared war, let’s say, on the petty bourgeoisie

00:17:46

finished kitchen thoughts that this is not my

00:17:48

formulation, this is theirs,

00:17:51

respectively, in the

00:17:53

new Soviet state they began

00:17:57

to build buildings, but in particular residential buildings

00:17:59

without kitchens or with a very small kitchen,

00:18:03

why because you have to eat

00:18:06

not at home but in a group

00:18:09

and therefore factory-kitchens began to appear

00:18:11

all over the country in order to satisfy people

00:18:13

in food, but particularly in industrial

00:18:16

areas, the

00:18:17

very first factory kitchen, by the way,

00:18:19

was built in the twenty-fifth year in the city of

00:18:21

Ivanovo, which was then called

00:18:23

Ivanovo-Voznesensk, but for obvious

00:18:24

reasons there were a lot of

00:18:27

weaving factories there and there was a need for it,

00:18:30

and accordingly here this building

00:18:33

occupies an entire block;

00:18:35

about 60,000 set meals were prepared here per day,

00:18:39

if you think about the figure, a

00:18:41

really gigantic part was eaten here;

00:18:44

some went to

00:18:46

factory canteens, but not some of them were

00:18:49

also sold at retail; it’s

00:18:53

interesting how many floors there are in this building because

00:18:57

each floor had its own purpose in the

00:18:59

basement there were refrigeration units

00:19:01

and food warehouses in the semi-basement

00:19:04

bread slicers and staff rooms the

00:19:07

first floor was occupied by production

00:19:09

premises, that is, where

00:19:11

food was prepared there was also a laboratory for

00:19:13

quality control and a store that sold

00:19:15

semi-finished products the

00:19:17

second floor is a dining room but that is, the

00:19:21

same hall and where they ate meals in

00:19:23

a group and there was also a

00:19:25

self-service system

00:19:27

on the second floor there is no longer brook what is the

00:19:32

second floor there are 3 banquet halls on the third floor

00:19:34

and by the way if you look

00:19:37

at this building where it is now written

00:19:38

Tokyo city this is exactly the same

00:19:40

strip glazing of the main one

00:19:42

signs of constructivism, well, at the top

00:19:45

there was also a summer area, a terrace

00:19:49

for

00:19:51

eating in the summer, and perhaps

00:19:54

for sunbathing when it

00:19:57

creeps out in our city, this is already a success according to the

00:20:00

project of Gi Belaya Krichevsky,

00:20:03

another building was built, this is also

00:20:06

typical constructivism at the house of

00:20:08

technical studies The fact is that,

00:20:10

right next to the steel, I

00:20:13

set as my goal, in addition to

00:20:16

entertainment

00:20:17

and, of course,

00:20:19

cultural and entertainment, another goal of

00:20:21

improving the skills of workers, but there was

00:20:24

not enough space inside, so the

00:20:27

decision was made to build a separate

00:20:29

building,

00:20:31

it was thought that these two buildings, that is,

00:20:35

an inteko and a house technical studies will be

00:20:37

connected by an air passage, but in the end they

00:20:40

abandoned this idea, just as they

00:20:43

abandoned strip glazing there

00:20:45

because the original project was somewhat

00:20:48

different, but apparently they considered that

00:20:51

strip glazing was quite

00:20:53

expensive, but they also made it a little

00:20:55

simpler; there were 2 or

00:20:59

more precisely three

00:21:01

huge classrooms equipped inside for 150 places for

00:21:04

classes and also many rooms,

00:21:06

various workshops, laboratories, and so

00:21:08

on, later in this building there was a

00:21:12

pulp and paper

00:21:14

industry plant, and in 90, but it turned out to be in

00:21:16

disrepair, it was closed, but

00:21:19

now, fortunately, it has been restored,

00:21:22

but as for me, not completely, but

00:21:25

they use

00:21:27

furniture in the house no less, now there

00:21:32

is my favorite building in this area,

00:21:36

the school on October 10 is the first school

00:21:40

built by the Soviet government, again

00:21:44

in the city, the

00:21:47

architect Nikolsky created this

00:21:49

building and if you look at it

00:21:53

again from a bird's eye view,

00:21:55

it resembles a sickle and the hammer

00:21:57

crossed

00:21:59

symbolically very

00:22:02

here the school was passing on and

00:22:06

even a special commission was assembled

00:22:09

that developed a teaching method it was

00:22:12

called laboratory brigade here,

00:22:15

in addition to the

00:22:17

traditional classes, so to speak, they also

00:22:20

created an office and a masterful type of their

00:22:24

laboratory

00:22:26

so that the children would develop multifaceted, let’s say so,

00:22:29

and they even there

00:22:33

was a design for its

00:22:35

own observatory, and so the dome

00:22:39

of this particular observatory didn’t turn out

00:22:41

very well a

00:22:43

few years after the opening of the school,

00:22:46

what happened in the dome, it

00:22:49

broke for a very long time and was not

00:22:51

repaired, and even at the beginning of the two thousandth,

00:22:55

Valentina Matvienko gave this school

00:22:57

a new one telescope for the anniversary, but as far as I

00:23:01

know, even after that the telescope was not

00:23:03

repaired, but it would be very interesting

00:23:06

here behind the school, or rather, on the other

00:23:09

hand, we have such a

00:23:11

wonderful sports symbol, a

00:23:13

dumbbell, a racket, but also a hammer and sickle, I

00:23:18

will read out the hammer and sickle on this occasion

00:23:22

crossed with dumbbells with a tennis

00:23:24

racket under Stalin, when the Soviet

00:23:26

system had already established itself and began to

00:23:28

move into totalitarianism, they

00:23:30

would no longer be able to do this; in essence,

00:23:33

leveling state symbols

00:23:35

to the level of sports equipment, but back in the

00:23:38

1920s this was possible, and

00:23:43

below these cubes are the base

00:23:48

benches and they were designed

00:23:51

together with the school, these are the elements I

00:23:54

will show you today, and the building itself is

00:23:56

located very well

00:24:00

in a sense, with the expectation that all the

00:24:04

classrooms are located just on this

00:24:08

side will face the south side

00:24:10

on the warm side, now the sun is shining and from on the

00:24:14

other side, on the street side, the

00:24:16

north side is already an auxiliary

00:24:18

room, corridors, and so on, but at

00:24:20

least that’s how it was originally

00:24:21

conceived, and you and I, but

00:24:25

most of us studied in schools with a

00:24:28

system of three windows per class, and this

00:24:32

system was developed and built

00:24:35

initially here at the school on October 10 there were three

00:24:38

windows for the classrooms and it turned out to be so

00:24:39

successful that then schools began to be built all over the country

00:24:42

with this in mind, here

00:24:46

today there is a sports

00:24:48

ground which is also

00:24:49

directly related to this school,

00:24:51

it was also there in the 20s but in addition to the playground there

00:24:56

was a vegetable garden to the question of the

00:25:00

laboratory team method, the children

00:25:03

studied here simply the sciences,

00:25:07

learned to grow plants and they were

00:25:10

required to, all school students underwent

00:25:14

internships at enterprises in plants and

00:25:17

factories, this was mandatory,

00:25:20

in addition, all students were divided into

00:25:24

teams into small groups and

00:25:27

solved tasks among themselves, all sorts of

00:25:31

homework problems and the grades were given and

00:25:34

they were not the teacher for each other; there was

00:25:39

also an ideological component in this; it

00:25:40

was believed that the children of the young Soviet

00:25:43

state, the children of proletarians, are smarter than

00:25:46

bourgeois children and they can

00:25:49

control themselves; they don’t need to be

00:25:51

controlled; that’s what was funny

00:25:54

in those years, I studied here in every class

00:25:58

before 90 people, but I don’t know how they were

00:26:01

accommodated here, most likely, of course, they didn’t

00:26:03

just study in shifts,

00:26:06

but also all sorts of other innovative methods were

00:26:11

introduced, for example, at one time

00:26:13

they refused to use desks here, and in

00:26:15

general, if you look at

00:26:18

what happened here in 20, these are the

00:26:20

methods innovative is very reminiscent of

00:26:25

modern innovative methods, but that

00:26:27

is, what is being introduced, let’s say, and

00:26:31

used in education

00:26:33

today are all sorts of

00:26:34

experimental schools and so on, and

00:26:37

this was noticeable 20 years ago, almost 100

00:26:41

years ago, well, I showed you where we

00:26:45

eat in a group where we

00:26:48

We are having fun, but culturally, please note

00:26:51

where we study and further improve our

00:26:54

qualifications, and where should we live and

00:26:57

sleep here on Tractor Street, this is a

00:27:01

kind of unique

00:27:03

constructivist residential area, the names are

00:27:06

alive, and

00:27:07

in the same years,

00:27:10

16 three-story buildings were built here and everything was

00:27:15

made for comfortable living,

00:27:18

the street is again needed according to the

00:27:22

architects' idea, several of them

00:27:25

took part in the construction,

00:27:27

you need to look at it from a bird's eye view,

00:27:31

it narrows, which gives additional

00:27:35

such comfort,

00:27:37

again it

00:27:39

was contrasted with everything in the bourgeois

00:27:41

style if the bourgeoisie have it in the center the city has an

00:27:45

incomprehensible building, some courtyards,

00:27:47

wells, and so on, here all the courtyards are

00:27:50

made open and wide, according to the idea,

00:27:53

this was important,

00:27:56

among other things,

00:28:00

two-room apartments

00:28:01

and a four-room apartment were designed here, where there are

00:28:06

two rooms, there was no kitchen at all,

00:28:09

it was connected with the dining room it

00:28:11

was a single room in four-room apartments,

00:28:15

there was a small kitchen, but by the way,

00:28:17

constructivist buildings at that time of

00:28:19

construction often

00:28:21

assumed the absence of kitchens and, as I

00:28:23

already said, if you eat at home

00:28:27

all the time you will be at home,

00:28:31

relatives, friends, acquaintances will come to you, you will

00:28:33

sit together to discuss something, in the end you

00:28:37

will begin to weave a conspiracy and become

00:28:40

bourgeois, so you can’t eat in a

00:28:43

factory kitchen, which is

00:28:44

why in many buildings there were

00:28:47

constructivist

00:28:49

kitchens, and there were generally, for example, the

00:28:52

very famous house about which I think

00:28:55

many of us know, this is

00:29:00

popularly called Rubinstein the house was licked by socialism,

00:29:02

Olga Berggolts still lived there, top lot,

00:29:05

according to the original design, there were no kitchens

00:29:09

here at all, although they were small, they were

00:29:12

plus they also designed a toilet here

00:29:15

and immediately the place was underwater, although in the 20s they did

00:29:18

n’t produce their own vans in a secular state

00:29:23

later, well,

00:29:26

the apartments here were also oriented to the cardinal directions specifically

00:29:29

so that the living quarters mostly

00:29:31

faced the south where it is warm and

00:29:34

all the other rooms were

00:29:37

auxiliary, all sorts of staircases,

00:29:39

and so on, you would go to the north, well,

00:29:42

also such care for people,

00:29:44

this area was also built as a residential area

00:29:48

for

00:29:49

workers, but in fact, of

00:29:52

course, mostly craftsmen and bosses settled here,

00:29:55

and these are all

00:29:57

why the street was actually called

00:29:59

tractor

00:30:01

because in the twenty-fourth

00:30:06

year, the

00:30:11

first

00:30:12

tractor rolled off the assembly line of the Putilov plant in the Soviet Union, it was called

00:30:15

for john catcher paths because this

00:30:18

the tractor was of the Arjun type, it was produced

00:30:21

under license from the Ford company in the Soviet

00:30:24

Union, and as far as I know, a similar type of

00:30:27

tractor is still produced in the USA, but

00:30:29

here and you have not been produced for a long time, but

00:30:31

nevertheless, to perpetuate this

00:30:34

important event, the

00:30:35

first production of 1 tractor is on this street

00:30:39

and they called it a tractor, and in plan it

00:30:43

again resembles the track left by the wheels of a

00:30:46

tractor, what I showed you near the school are

00:30:50

these cubes, here they are

00:30:52

on each building, they are there,

00:30:55

again, it was also designed

00:30:57

together with a core array, it was assumed

00:31:00

that they would be well once upon a time there probably were

00:31:02

a bench, and here there is also such an interesting

00:31:04

element as a semi-arch, but that is,

00:31:08

many buildings here are connected by just

00:31:10

such an element, this was also done to

00:31:13

some extent

00:31:15

ideologically in opposition to the

00:31:19

outdated, let’s say, bourgeois way of

00:31:23

life

00:31:24

in the classical architecture that was

00:31:27

used there alone of the main

00:31:29

elements this is an arch, that is, symmetry,

00:31:32

here these tents were made, well, this is

00:31:34

how we contrasted with the old

00:31:37

architectural style,

00:31:39

and plus they added such grace and

00:31:42

comfort to

00:31:44

this

00:31:45

constructive town and

00:31:49

note

00:31:51

the question of why exactly the

00:31:54

area of the former Narva outpost became

00:31:56

such an experimental testing ground for the

00:31:59

new style of constructivism, most likely there

00:32:01

was such an ideological

00:32:05

component here, since this and he of the former

00:32:07

labor movement, strikes and everything else, the

00:32:11

struggle for freedom,

00:32:13

respectively, the workers of the factories, but in

00:32:16

particular the Putilovsky one, played a

00:32:18

direct role, took part

00:32:20

in all three revolutions, but it’s probably

00:32:23

precisely because of this that the naval and became

00:32:26

experimental areas and it’s also

00:32:30

important to say about the color here, it’s such a

00:32:33

life-affirming peach, for some people it’s

00:32:35

pinkish, this color was not chosen by

00:32:38

chance, its very idea was taken by the

00:32:41

architect Simonov of Sweden,

00:32:44

the climate there is also very

00:32:48

gray, so the building is all painted in bright

00:32:51

warm colors, well so that at least somehow the eye

00:32:54

would be pleased, here this idea in

00:32:58

gray Leningrad was used

00:33:00

again, it adds coziness, warmth and comfort, which is

00:33:04

why

00:33:05

tractor street and

00:33:08

this residential area is popularly called and even

00:33:11

now this is what they call peach

00:33:13

town,

00:33:14

here on the square there is a monument to Kirov

00:33:17

this one was installed in the year thirty-eight,

00:33:19

and three years before that they announced a

00:33:23

competition for it and a

00:33:26

gigantic number of projects were sent, more than

00:33:28

two hundred, the

00:33:30

jury

00:33:31

could not decide who was better

00:33:35

and awarded the whale second third

00:33:36

place, but in the end they chose this one

00:33:38

the project of Tomsky and Trotsky

00:33:40

here it was very important to orient

00:33:44

the figure of Kirov so that he would look not at the

00:33:47

Narva gate in that direction, but on the contrary towards

00:33:50

the side of the plant and, as it were, greeted

00:33:53

his workers,

00:33:55

for this purpose they even specially oriented

00:33:58

this square, they rebuilt it

00:34:01

a little later, they built a square here, and

00:34:06

not unimportant moment,

00:34:09

the figure of Kirov

00:34:11

needed a good uniform background, not

00:34:15

just that there were some strange buildings there

00:34:17

or emptiness, so this house behind

00:34:20

it on Strike Avenue 16 was built

00:34:23

specifically so that Kirov had a

00:34:26

beautiful background, that’s how

00:34:30

they used to approach construction issues,

00:34:33

this is the dominant feature of everything of this constructivist

00:34:36

district, the control center, so to

00:34:39

speak, is the building of the Kirov district council, everything is

00:34:43

implemented in it, let's say this is

00:34:47

the apotheosis

00:34:48

of constructivism, usually all the conflict is

00:34:51

whiskey editions, but as we have already seen from the

00:34:53

example of others, they resemble something

00:34:56

either a hammer and sickle or some kind of ship

00:34:58

or rocket but something, anything, in

00:35:03

this case, this building, too, it

00:35:05

kind of echoes some kind of

00:35:07

ship

00:35:08

according to the design of Trotsky, but it was built by the

00:35:11

same but and Trotsky, according to

00:35:14

whose design the large house we know on Liteiny Avenue was built,

00:35:18

here the

00:35:20

main functionality of the building is preserved that is,

00:35:23

it used to be the Kirov district council,

00:35:25

today all sorts of services are located here,

00:35:28

well, first of all, the administration of the

00:35:30

Kirov district, the main building is a

00:35:33

4-story building, additional buildings extend perpendicularly from it and

00:35:39

they are connected by air passages, but

00:35:42

that is, to add some lightness to

00:35:46

this structure, well, so the dominant feature of the

00:35:48

entire area is this 11-

00:35:51

storey tower. By

00:35:58

the way, this building also

00:36:01

uses the same strip

00:36:03

glazing

00:36:04

that was often used in

00:36:06

the construction of constructivist buildings,

00:36:09

and according to the architect’s idea,

00:36:12

they planned to remove this first floor, leaving

00:36:15

only supports there for what to

00:36:18

arrange there would be parking there,

00:36:20

it would seem, why such an extensive

00:36:23

parking lot, where did so many cars come from, there was also an

00:36:27

ideological component, the fact is that it

00:36:30

was believed that the state

00:36:33

was moving from socialism to communism,

00:36:37

and in the process of this movement, all sorts of

00:36:40

bosses and important officials would

00:36:43

appear, each with their own car, that

00:36:45

is, over time there would be cars

00:36:47

more, well, in the end they refused the idea of parking; they didn’t

00:36:52

clean the first floor; in

00:36:54

general, we didn’t come to communism either,

00:36:57

but that’s a completely different story;

00:36:59

another very interesting point, as I already

00:37:04

said after the revolution, the first years of

00:37:07

Soviet power there

00:37:08

was really a problem

00:37:10

with money. there are, in general, and with

00:37:13

building materials in particular,

00:37:15

so they tried to build, but as if from

00:37:17

everything that was there, someone was sleeping,

00:37:22

again, bourgeois buildings, these are

00:37:25

all old, they are not needed, so

00:37:28

ordinary buildings and churches and

00:37:31

even cemeteries were destroyed take

00:37:36

cemeteries first of all into novels and

00:37:38

slabs,

00:37:39

and so very often marble slabs

00:37:42

were ground into crumbs and faced with the name of the

00:37:45

building here, this semicircle

00:37:48

in particular is

00:37:50

lined with grave

00:37:54

crumbs like this

00:37:57

and it is believed that part of the slabs were taken from the

00:38:00

very Emelyanovsky cemetery where

00:38:02

Abraham was buried Ushakov, but remember

00:38:05

who is a garden philanthropist and he arose among the people,

00:38:09

but such a certain idea, the idea that in

00:38:12

this way Ushakov seemed to return to

00:38:17

this area, yes, the idea is strange,

00:38:20

nevertheless it exists, well, to

00:38:24

dilute the constructivism a little for you, I’ll tell you

00:38:28

about this lattice in the park itself

00:38:31

It’s called the park on January 9th, and among

00:38:35

other things, it is believed that this is the first park

00:38:38

that was laid out by the Soviet government in the

00:38:40

Soviet Union with such an area of the first

00:38:43

January 9th tells us that the

00:38:46

corresponding name immortalized the

00:38:48

feat of the workers during Bloody

00:38:51

Sunday,

00:38:52

but the lattice certainly doesn’t fit here, but the

00:38:55

fact is that once upon a time this lattice

00:38:58

surrounded the garden of the winter palace

00:39:01

it was called its own garden very

00:39:04

well in pre-revolutionary photographs and

00:39:08

paintings it can be seen from the side of the

00:39:11

Admiralty it was this

00:39:14

cavalli lattice by hand 200 people

00:39:17

for a

00:39:20

year and a half from Swedish

00:39:23

iron in Riga masters

00:39:27

by the way, right here we see there is an

00:39:29

element that is missing in others,

00:39:34

in others the

00:39:36

grille section was installed in

00:39:39

1898 according to Meltzer’s design, what makes it

00:39:43

unique is that each

00:39:45

element of this grille is hand forged, that

00:39:50

is, it is one hundred percent handmade, not a

00:39:53

single stamp was used here

00:39:57

in 1900

00:40:00

At the world exhibition in Paris,

00:40:03

this grille received the Grand Prix, which I

00:40:06

absolutely deserved because, well,

00:40:10

because it’s a really unique thing,

00:40:15

of course, not the whole grille went to the exhibition,

00:40:17

only individual links,

00:40:20

individual elements,

00:40:22

but naturally, during the revolution of 17, the

00:40:29

crowd

00:40:31

almost demolished I broke out with my hands the elements of

00:40:35

this lattice, some of them

00:40:37

were naturally lost, here is a clear example of

00:40:41

these lost elements, of course there

00:40:45

should be a double-headed eagle or a royal

00:40:49

monogram here, but accordingly, after this

00:40:52

lattice was lying on the palace

00:40:54

embankment, the Christmas tree happily rusted,

00:40:57

but all that

00:41:01

left and installed here around

00:41:03

this park

00:41:05

now I don’t know what plans the city

00:41:08

authorities have for this lattice, how much to

00:41:11

restore and accordingly

00:41:14

return the lost elements, but

00:41:16

such a unique thing certainly needs to be

00:41:20

preserved and restored, I personally just

00:41:24

honestly admire it, a truly

00:41:27

unique thing,

00:41:29

well we just now came from

00:41:33

this beautiful fence near the park on

00:41:36

January 9 along Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya street

00:41:38

which I told you about that it was once

00:41:41

called Ushakov sky new Shakhovskaya and

00:41:44

in the end you have a little trash

00:41:47

since we have to eat in

00:41:50

a group then we have to wash there in

00:41:54

that same team, once upon a time it

00:41:57

was such a large complex in this area, a

00:41:59

bathhouse complex,

00:42:01

well, among other things, in communal

00:42:04

apartments there were bathtubs and showers at that

00:42:06

time, their area was a working class, there were a

00:42:10

lot of people who wanted to

00:42:12

go and wash after a shift, and so they actually washed themselves

00:42:14

they are here on a day, this is a gigantic bath

00:42:18

complex, in fact,

00:42:20

4,000 people could wash here absolutely calmly,

00:42:23

well, naturally, this building, like many

00:42:27

others, was built from

00:42:29

scrap materials, they used everything,

00:42:31

and

00:42:33

now, unfortunately,

00:42:37

we see it in this condition, but if

00:42:43

you look at old photographs on the

00:42:48

building itself, as it was conceived, you can

00:42:51

see that indeed it was

00:42:53

also a kind of innovative, very

00:42:56

interesting constructivist project, I

00:43:00

really hope that this building, which is

00:43:02

now clearly standing and being destroyed,

00:43:05

will not be destroyed to the ground, someone

00:43:09

will take it up and restore it, I want

00:43:13

believe in this, let there be anything here,

00:43:15

even offices, but not like this, on this

00:43:19

positive note and against the backdrop of this

00:43:21

beauty, I will finish with you today, I was wearing a

00:43:24

ragged hat, if you want an individual

00:43:27

tour not against the backdrop of abandonment, but in

00:43:29

beauty, for example, in ceremonial St. Petersburg,

00:43:32

then you can write to me my contacts

00:43:34

are in the description for this video there will be many more

00:43:38

bodily stories thank you all bye

Description:

Гид в шляпе Ирина Морозова https://peretzprint.ru/gid-v-shlyape/ https://vk.com/morozikirene https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser

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