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Subtitles
Russian
00:00:02
[music]00:00:04
Hello everyone My name is Mati and00:00:06
welcome to my channel Polish Smaki00:00:08
Polish language with Machi in which I00:00:11
help you learn my native language00:00:14
Today we will look at verbs that are00:00:17
very similar to each other in meaning, which is00:00:19
why you often confuse them making00:00:22
a lot of mistakes these are verbs like00:00:25
use use use00:00:28
apply and so on00:00:33
[music]00:00:42
let's go friends Please look00:00:45
at these sentences first let's00:00:48
imagine that we are talking about00:00:50
some scientists and this is what they00:00:53
did street glue street aggregate00:00:59
street00:01:02
wyk kj wyk agregat wyk Now metod00:01:09
Zali klej Zali nowy agregat Zali Now00:01:15
metod posy nowym klej posy nowym agregat00:01:22
posu00:01:28
metod with new methods all these sentences are00:01:33
correct so you see that these00:01:36
verbs are very similar in meaning to each00:01:38
other and it happens that they will all fit00:01:42
However please pay attention to the00:01:44
very important differences that arise between them, what are these00:01:48
differences, these are differences00:01:51
in grammatical terms in terms of how to00:01:54
construct a sentence So if you00:01:56
want to use the verb uzhi then you00:01:59
need the second genitive case, that is,00:02:02
the one that answers the questions of whom00:02:04
what for example whom what is not in Polish00:02:07
someone what and so we get a00:02:10
new glue a new unit a new method00:02:14
here by the way please also00:02:16
note that in Russian this is a new method -00:02:18
this is he and in Polish - this is she it is as00:02:22
if a new method New method If00:02:26
want to use the verbs in leather become00:02:28
or bolt You already need the accusative00:02:32
case, that is, the one that answers the00:02:34
questions of whom that kotso in Polish and so00:02:37
we manage to survive the bolt new glue00:02:43
new unit and but the method of service requires the00:02:47
instrumental case, that is, the one00:02:49
that answers questions by whom than mm00:02:52
in Polish and we manage to serve as00:02:55
m a new glue New unit New00:03:00
and there is still a verb with skin h and it00:03:03
requires not only some00:03:05
specific case, it requires the preposition of the00:03:08
preposition z which is used00:03:11
Naturally With the genitive case, that00:03:13
is, we we say szhi s szhit new glue00:03:17
from a new unit with a new method, that is,00:03:20
friends. It is clear here that in00:03:22
meaning all these verbs are really00:03:25
very similar to each other, although there are00:03:27
nuances that we will now talk about in the00:03:29
second part of this video. That is, those00:03:32
mistakes that you admit, they most00:03:35
likely relate not to the fact that you took00:03:37
the wrong verb, but to the fact that the verb that00:03:40
you took you used incorrectly00:03:43
grammatically That is, you used00:03:46
the wrong case because sometimes, as you00:03:48
can see, you need the genitive, sometimes you need00:03:51
the accusative, and sometimes00:03:54
you even used the instrumental it without a preposition and a00:03:57
preposition is needed As you can see,00:04:01
so let’s remember who’s00:04:04
what to howl a bolt who’s to serve mmm00:04:11
sorrow with whom what And now let’s00:04:14
get into the nuances that relate to the meaning of00:04:18
these verbs because, after all, as I00:04:20
said, it’s not always suitable00:04:25
[music]00:04:27
any give the most neutral verbs00:04:31
which are most often complete00:04:34
synonyms, that is, they can be00:04:36
changed from one to another at will. And here I00:04:39
show you the already perfect form and the00:04:41
imperfect form uzha get along00:04:44
serve servants in general, that is,00:04:46
in Russian, as if to take advantage and00:04:48
use As for the perfect00:04:50
form and the imperfect form, there00:04:53
should be no difficulties at all00:04:55
because it works exactly the same as00:04:58
in Russian. That is, when you want to00:05:00
say in Russian and use it for00:05:02
example once, then in00:05:05
Polish either Uch or Serve A will suit you00:05:09
if you want to say in Russian not to00:05:12
use once, for example, but to00:05:15
use many times, then in00:05:17
Polish the options for getting along00:05:20
and serving Vach are the most basic meanings00:05:24
without any shade, that is, to00:05:25
use to use or to00:05:28
use what yes In order to00:05:30
achieve some goal just like that and00:05:33
Let's take the first example hin Uva00:05:37
poka a00:05:39
posh pos paka a00:05:43
half tota doesn't use chopsticks00:05:46
in the sense Yes, but the Poles Well,00:05:50
European cutlery That is, this is a knife00:05:53
spoon and fork shtu in Polish and00:05:57
please pay attention Uva why packs shtuts00:06:02
That is, this is a genitive A poslulu00:06:06
already m instrumental case That is,00:06:09
with shelves shmi if you have two passports,00:06:13
two surnames or two names, then a Pole00:06:16
can ask you for the passport, for the00:06:19
name, for the name of yours, or for the Crimea, for the00:06:23
passport, Crimea Crimea, named after the service,00:06:28
these verbs are also suitable when you00:06:30
want to say that someone is using00:06:32
some kind of argument, for example, the president of the00:06:35
street bar of a good argument in the sprem and the00:06:39
president served as a good argument in the00:06:43
sprem, that is, the president used a00:06:46
very good argument in his dispute with the00:06:49
prime minister minister You can also00:06:50
use your influence in Polish00:06:53
influence vpv Well in this context, the plural will00:06:55
most likely be used,00:06:57
that is, it has already00:07:00
swum and we will say, for example, the street of his00:07:03
swam in the police or served as his00:07:07
vva in the police That is, he took advantage of00:07:10
his influence in the police he has00:07:12
some connections there, apparently in a linguistic00:07:14
context. You can also use00:07:16
some kind of expression using a word. That00:07:20
is, for example, we will say like this autor u00:07:24
razhe ztu with a similar00:07:28
expression with a word, that is, it00:07:32
would seem that these verbs coincide00:07:34
completely in meaning. Well, of course this is not00:07:36
so, there are nuances. For example, if we00:07:39
use something that is00:07:41
exhausted, then only00:07:44
uzhivo and snakes will do, for example, bab uzhivo douzh salt00:07:48
and pshu, that is, grandmother, in Russian, I00:07:51
think it won’t work here either, uses,00:07:54
you can say it just uses a00:07:56
lot of Salt and Please write pepper00:07:59
also in the comments, but it seems to me that it’s00:08:01
only suitable for use and in00:08:04
Polish it’s absolutely equally00:08:06
suitable just for a long time, there’s no service yet00:08:10
because this salt this pepper they will be00:08:17
exhausted get along get along get along with life00:08:20
holy liberties adopted births That is,00:08:24
it’s about pleasant things when a person00:08:26
he lives a full life and a good life.00:08:30
That is, he enjoyed life, he lived a00:08:32
full life, he did everything00:08:35
possible to make him feel good. He00:08:38
tried different things or lived well.00:08:40
That is, he traveled all over the00:08:43
world and took advantage of this world, this00:08:46
life. the same thing he enjoyed00:08:48
freedom or pleasure or joy in00:08:52
general can be said in person. That is,00:08:55
as if he allowed himself, he00:08:57
pampered himself, this could be in a sexual00:08:59
context, but not necessarily in any00:09:02
other context, he simply pampered himself, but for00:09:05
example, the verb poslugi vacha has a00:09:07
special meaning to own in some language00:09:11
I can say, for example, My sister is a00:09:13
servant in French, that is,00:09:16
my sister speaks French. And00:09:19
here, of course, you could also use the00:09:21
verb Uva Yes, my sister is in00:09:24
French. Well, then questions immediately arise:00:09:27
when does she use it? That00:09:31
is, in in Russian it’s more How00:09:32
to use it and not just own it,00:09:35
yes, that is, when, for example, At some00:09:36
meeting or on vacation, she00:09:39
uses it. And if I tell the servant in00:09:42
French, this is In general, this does not00:09:45
apply to any specific situation,00:09:48
but simply she00:09:51
[ music]00:09:53
owns survive forge this also00:09:57
use Paul00:09:59
use but Here the emphasis is on the00:10:02
fact that we derive some benefit from this,00:10:05
that is, we use it in our00:10:08
favor to make something easier00:10:10
or to make it even possible.00:10:13
Please look at the examples00:10:16
the situation00:10:18
has become possible to get into trouble. That is, he00:10:24
used this situation, this chance or00:10:27
this opportunity, Kaz is also just an00:10:30
opportunity, but one that appears00:10:33
suddenly and, as a rule, will not exist for long, that is, we00:10:36
must quickly00:10:38
take advantage of it, otherwise it will disappear and we00:10:40
will simply miss this chance in order to00:10:42
earn big money, you became00:10:45
my skin and stole my self-propelled gun. That is, he took advantage of the00:10:48
fact that I00:10:51
was not there, he used my absence literally00:10:54
Yes, and he stole my car, or00:10:58
my00:10:59
Inal of the boss Nevo survived. That is, he took advantage of00:11:03
my mistake Yes, he took advantage of00:11:05
the opportunity that it just arose00:11:08
because I made a mistake and convinced00:11:10
the boss to fire me. We00:11:13
use this verb also when00:11:15
we are talking about some resource that00:11:17
will gradually be00:11:25
exhausted00:11:27
or a whole psok, that is, we have00:11:31
already used all the vacation we have no more Or we00:11:34
have already used all the time that was00:11:37
provided for this meeting or have we00:11:40
already used all the sand? Well, for example,00:11:43
the settings and the last value of Kosta you00:11:46
Kovac to which I would like to draw00:11:48
your attention is unfortunately very00:11:51
sad to take advantage of00:11:54
another person to use another00:11:57
person you Kosta00:11:59
you took advantage of me You me00:12:02
[music]00:12:05
used verbs from Costa Costa Why do00:12:09
you remember please what is the nuance in00:12:12
meaning here is the nuance we use00:12:15
these verbs when we are talking about something00:12:17
publicly available and we need it and we00:12:20
will need it therefore we will00:12:23
use it for example meshkantsi Msta is00:12:26
often a skin flock with a pool or00:12:29
meshkantsi Msta a gesture of a sauna here are the residents of the00:12:33
city They often use the pool00:12:36
or sauna they often go there yes that00:12:40
is, it is publicly available it is offered to00:12:43
everyone Well, I’m also interested, I also need it, I also00:12:46
need it, I don’t know, it will be needed there,00:12:50
so I too I go to the pool or to the00:12:52
sauna, that’s all another example of staying00:12:56
once again, put it from the library. That is, when was00:12:58
your last time? Well, we would say00:13:00
in Russian, I think I went to the00:13:02
library, yes, that is, the library is00:13:04
just in the city, it’s public, everyone00:13:07
can use it and when was the last00:13:10
time you used because you00:13:12
needed these verbs are00:13:15
also used when we talk about services00:13:17
That is, for example, who uses the services of that00:13:21
company Who uses the services of this00:13:23
company, these services They are publicly available,00:13:25
they are offered to everyone and you00:13:28
can also use them If you want00:13:30
if they and you need people in a difficult00:13:33
situation I can soon become with help or00:13:36
persons in a difficult situation I can skorista with00:13:39
za silka that is, people in a difficult00:13:41
situation can take advantage of the help00:13:44
or the benefit protection, this is a benefit in Polish00:13:47
That is, you see here is the help00:13:50
benefits they are offered to everyone who needs it.00:13:54
If someone needs it, He can00:13:55
use it, or I can ask,00:13:58
for example, a hotel, what can I do with leather00:14:01
from Expresso to Cava, that is, Can I00:14:03
use a coffee machine? That is, I’m00:14:05
proceeding here from the fact that it’s worth it. It’s00:14:07
publicly available and Most likely, I can also00:14:10
use it. Well, I wanted to clarify, after00:14:12
all, we use these verbs also00:14:15
when we talk about rights or00:14:17
privileges. Of course, not everyone has privileges, but00:14:20
nevertheless, we can say, For00:14:23
example, Povi Costa for your rights and Povi00:14:27
Kosta for your rights. grafting That is, you must00:14:31
use your rights or00:14:33
privileges, they are also used with00:14:36
words like chance or opportunity,00:14:39
for example, sko s chance smozhvo sko s smozhvo s smozhvo sko s00:14:44
Oka and left for Usa That is, he00:14:46
took advantage of the chance and00:14:50
left for the USA and the last category of words00:14:53
that are suitable here is and to which I00:14:55
would like to draw your attention are00:14:57
words like acquaintance in the sense of connection, or00:15:00
also influence, for example, sko has become For00:15:04
Zamno sko has become with the swim, say, has become with00:15:07
the ways and Unique kars That is, he00:15:10
took advantage of the acquaintances verbatim00:15:12
But this is in the sense of connection yes Or the same influence00:15:16
as I already told you. This will be00:15:17
used in the Polish language in the00:15:20
plural. And ukd is literally00:15:23
an agreement. But these are the agreements00:15:26
that you have with people with whom00:15:29
you have connections and therefore you can00:15:31
somehow solve some easier questions00:15:35
and escaped punishment So00:15:39
[music] it still00:15:40
remains to stick Stasov,00:15:45
these two are better translated into Russian00:15:47
How to apply apply for example Leka00:15:51
salting New method of treatment like the doctor the medicine has been put into practice, that is, the00:15:55
doctor00:15:58
has applied a new method of treatment new00:16:01
medicines teaching scum bolting his theory00:16:04
into practice that is, scientists now want to00:16:08
apply their theory in practice; it is00:16:10
also possible to use violence, for example, for00:16:13
example, the police use violence or00:16:18
laws, we apply laws, we can00:16:20
say, for example, Sond put a new00:16:24
charter, that is, the court applied a new law,00:16:27
friends, as you see, the boundaries here are very00:16:30
thin, I tell you He even gave examples of words00:16:32
that can be used with absolutely00:16:34
any of these verbs, so don’t00:16:37
worry so much about the meaning,00:16:40
just try to remember as00:16:42
many examples as possible from this lesson And even00:16:44
if later you need to use00:16:46
some word that was not00:16:48
discussed here, you can always think00:16:50
about what it looks like, like a spoon, for example, or00:16:53
influence, or a chance for an opportunity,00:16:57
or some method of treatment,00:16:59
for example, or something else, and in this way00:17:02
you can choose the verb that is00:17:04
most likely to fit. And the00:17:08
most important thing is this learn how00:17:10
to use00:17:12
each of these verbs correctly grammatically, you saw there00:17:15
sometimes the genitive case is needed sometimes00:17:18
the accusative sometimes the instrumental case sometimes a00:17:20
preposition is needed yes And this is where00:17:24
your mistakes consist mainly not in the fact that you00:17:27
chose the wrong verb but in the fact that you are00:17:30
grammatically incorrect it was00:17:33
used, of course, there are nuances and it may00:17:36
be that one of these verbs00:17:38
will not fit a given word at all, well,00:17:41
guys, let's be honest, in most00:17:44
cases these meanings are so similar00:17:47
that even if you take a verb that is00:17:49
not the most ideal in this context, it00:17:52
will still work if grammatically everything00:17:55
will be correct, the Poles won’t even00:17:57
notice, because if you00:18:00
speak grammatically incorrectly, you use the wrong00:18:02
case, for example yes, or there is no preposition00:18:05
that is needed, it immediately cuts out loud00:18:08
and the Poles immediately notice. And if00:18:10
grammatically everything is in order and just not the00:18:13
most Yes, the perfect verb and what something00:18:16
different but with a similar meaning00:18:19
will most likely not always work, but in most00:18:23
cases friends I hope I helped,00:18:26
please support me too by liking00:18:28
commenting subscribe repost I00:18:31
will be very grateful to you who can00:18:33
Please write in the comments how can00:18:35
I distinguish between Russian variants00:18:38
use use00:18:41
use to and I learned something00:18:44
new Thank you for your attention See you again00:18:50
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