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Table of contents
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Table of contents

0:00
Начало видео
1:52
Внешняя политика России до войны
2:12
Создание Антанты 1907
4:52
Турция
7:44
Балканы
10:11
Противоречия
12:21
Причины Первой мировой войны (1914-1918/1919)
16:50
Повод
19:30
Завязка конфликта
21:18
Тройственный союз
22:04
Антанта
22:52
Причины вступления в войну России
24:54
Милый бонус
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тема
22
причины
первой
мировой
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00:00:04
Hello dear cats historians here
00:00:07
Masha Khistrenko we continue to study
00:00:09
history this topic is the 22nd World War
00:00:12
and in principle with this topic we are
00:00:14
finishing the study of the 18-19 centuries
00:00:17
of the Romanovs and everything like that on the
00:00:19
next topic there will be a revolution And this
00:00:21
already the real 20th
00:00:23
century with all sorts of Lenins in the future
00:00:26
Stalins and so on Well, let’s
00:00:29
probably get started little by little And so
00:00:32
I’m recording this lesson in the pre-
00:00:38
New Year period. I hope that if you’re on the annual course, then you’re watching this too, either before the New Year either on New Year's holidays,
00:00:41
therefore, either Happy New
00:00:42
Year or Happy New Year already,
00:00:45
or If you are watching this somewhere in
00:00:47
April, then just happy holiday of
00:00:49
some kind, suddenly there will be May
00:00:51
holidays soon or something else in general
00:00:52
Hold on, everything will be great And for you and
00:00:55
I, the First World War is not the most
00:00:57
festive topic, but nevertheless, I
00:00:59
hope that you and I will cope with it and
00:01:01
everything will be fine in the First World War, the
00:01:03
most important thing to fill out is why
00:01:05
it started, that at first everything was
00:01:07
fine And then everything suddenly became bad and
00:01:10
then there was the Brusilov Strait and that was
00:01:11
kind of good and the fact that the Bolsheviks had already ended the war.
00:01:13
And of course, analysis of the map,
00:01:15
the map for the First World War, I’ll
00:01:17
say right away, it’s not the simplest. I
00:01:21
like it. It’s interesting. It’s interesting to
00:01:23
look at it. But this is of course not
00:01:25
Svyatoslav’s campaigns on the OGE map on the first direct
00:01:27
World War I, there is no and there is also a lot of
00:01:30
the theme of the First World War, so
00:01:32
I remind you of this bonus
00:01:34
video Well, just so you know
00:01:36
what everything is all about with Nicholas II,
00:01:38
we’ve ended Let’s get started with
00:01:41
the script we depict the same
00:01:43
Brusilov who made the Brusilov
00:01:45
breakthrough in 1916, but we will
00:01:48
talk about this in about 25 minutes, we will start
00:01:52
with what generally happened in
00:01:55
politics before the start of the First World War,
00:01:58
that is, Russian foreign policy. I am not
00:02:01
only Russia of the whole world before wars
00:02:03
because wars don’t start just like that, and
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when studying the First World War it is very important
00:02:07
to understand what was going on in
00:02:09
international relations in this period
00:02:10
of time. Well, let’s start in
00:02:13
1907. Everything is fine here, a classic
00:02:16
is the creation of the antan of the so-called
00:02:18
Triple Entente, which
00:02:20
England, France and Russia signed among themselves. in
00:02:22
contrast to the already existing
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Triple Alliance where there were Germany,
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Austria-Hungary and Italy. Why did it
00:02:29
come to the creation of the Entente? During this
00:02:31
period of time at the beginning of the 20th century, Germany
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is building a very powerful navy, it
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actually becomes very, very
00:02:38
strong and the navy begins to threaten the
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mistress of the seas, Great Britain
00:02:41
Great Britain, understandably, does not
00:02:44
like this, and Great Britain has been
00:02:46
pursuing an Anti-Russian policy for a long time because
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we have some problems in the Middle
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East in Afghanistan in Iran and so
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on, since Russia is studying the middle and is
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moving to the south. England has already
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conquered India, Pakistan and is moving to
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then somewhere here our interests
00:03:02
met and around the middle of the 19th century
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Russia and England could not divide these interests
00:03:06
among themselves, but under
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Alexander the third there were already
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some changes made, nevertheless,
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it was after England began
00:03:14
to feel the danger from
00:03:16
Germany that England decided abandon the
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Anti-Russian policy and finally
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agreements were concluded with Russia
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regarding the division of borders in the Middle East;
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in 1907,
00:03:28
Russian-British agreements were concluded on the
00:03:30
division of spheres of influence in Tibet and earlier in
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Afghanistan, that is, in essence, we settled
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all our issues. What As for France,
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Russia and France settled all their
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differences, issues back under Alexander
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III, when the
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Russian-French Alliance was concluded; France and
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England are also getting better. Well, in
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general, everything turned out so that Russia,
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France and England, who were constantly
00:03:52
at war with each other, and nothing could not
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divide the world among themselves decided to come to
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an agreement and in 1907 it will be
00:03:59
concluded Troy disagreements Entente between
00:04:02
Russia England and France why
00:04:04
was this done Then that another coalition of
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countries Germany Austria-Hungary and Italy
00:04:09
constantly let’s say not just constantly
00:04:13
but united so that violate the interests of
00:04:16
Russia, France and England. Each of the
00:04:18
countries from the Triple Entente has
00:04:20
some problems with the countries in the
00:04:21
Triple Alliance, so it was decided to
00:04:24
unite the three of them against these three. the
00:04:31
creation of
00:04:32
military-political blocs,
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military-political blocs are created for
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a reason, it’s not just that
00:04:38
they cooperate with someone and are at enmity with someone,
00:04:39
even if there is no war yet, everyone
00:04:41
understands that most likely the creation of these
00:04:44
military-political blocs in the future will
00:04:46
lead to direct military
00:04:48
confrontation between these blocs, but for now
00:04:51
we are not talking about the First World War,
00:04:52
then Turkey Turkey is not going through the
00:04:56
best of times because in the 18th century,
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Russia was not so weak, it went through Turkey and melted it
00:05:00
in the 19th century, Turkey is not
00:05:03
like it could recover much
00:05:04
because it there were two Russian-Turkish wars
00:05:06
with Russia and the Crimean War, which
00:05:08
of course Turkey came out victorious, but it’s
00:05:10
not that this greatly strengthened it, then
00:05:12
again the Russian-Turkish war with Russia
00:05:14
after which Turkey lost a large
00:05:16
amount of their lands. But in short, Turkey is
00:05:18
already having a hard time living in the Ottoman Empire
00:05:21
already is not as strong as before
00:05:23
and at the beginning of the 20th century, when the wave of Revolution
00:05:26
swept across all countries,
00:05:28
including Russia, the wave reached And a
00:05:30
young Turkish revolution took place in Turkey,
00:05:32
which
00:05:34
logically led to the weakening of Turkey
00:05:36
and Turkey begins to lose control over
00:05:38
those small the remnants that were still in
00:05:41
it, for example, Bulgaria, Bulgaria
00:05:43
had complex, let’s
00:05:45
say, relations with Turkey, remember
00:05:48
Yes, it was supposed to become independent after the
00:05:50
Russian-Turkish war, but at the Balkan
00:05:52
congress it was divided into two parts. One
00:05:54
became a province, the other was an autonomy.
00:05:55
Still, everyone depended on Turkey, but one way or
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another, Bulgaria gradually won its
00:05:59
independence precisely after the young
00:06:01
Turkish revolution in Turkey, Bulgaria
00:06:03
became final and completely
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independent Okay, since Turkey is very
00:06:08
weak, Austria-Hungary always
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looked at the Turkish region of Bosnia and
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Herzegovina and therefore Austria-Hungary
00:06:14
finally just annexed it so
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that take it for yourself because
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she was already dreaming about it for a long time Turkey is very
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sad very bad but nevertheless
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Turkey, of course, wants to take revenge for all
00:06:24
this and wants to return to their places
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Serbia and Montenegro, in turn,
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understand that Turkey has weakened and it seems that
00:06:31
this is good with on the other hand Now
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Austria-Hungary can aim for the
00:06:35
territory of Serbia Montenegro and therefore
00:06:37
Serbia Montenegro expects some
00:06:39
support from Russia in this matter, that
00:06:41
Russia once spoke out and said what
00:06:43
it is going to do about it and whether it will
00:06:45
do anything at all but Russia didn’t
00:06:47
speak out in any way, so Serbia Montenegro
00:06:49
harbored a little grudge, but nothing.
00:06:50
Further, in 11-12, Italy decided to encroach on Turkey’s weakness.
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Italy had
00:06:57
long wanted to take Libya, this is a small
00:06:59
province and Italy occupied it. As
00:07:03
a result, because of this
00:07:04
Italian-Turkish war,
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the straits were closed The Bosphorus and the Dardanelles And this, in
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turn, leads to something in the context of the entire
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world economy, in particular the
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European one. Because since the
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Black Sea straits are closed, the
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export and import of various
00:07:18
goods specifically for Russia begins to suffer; the
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export of oil and grain begins to suffer
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because Russia through the Black Sea Turkish
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straits ships oil and
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grain on this we are, of course, pretty good. We
00:07:30
made money that way. We don’t like it. We
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want to get control over the
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Black Sea straits so that we can
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somehow regulate them and it won’t be like
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someone there closed these straits. Our
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economy has a problem that needs to be solved.
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Okay,
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our beloved Balkans, the Balkans
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that we sat and liberated throughout the 18th and 19th centuries,
00:07:50
Serbia Montenegro Romania
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Bulgaria and then bam the Balkans finally
00:07:54
became that powder keg of Europe,
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everyone wanted to bite off a piece of these Balkans
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and they wanted to be independent and
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expand their territory in in general,
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their wars began in the Balkans in
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the years 12-13, we will have the first Balkan
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war, as a result of which Turkey
00:08:10
lost almost all of its European
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possessions, everyone who could was separated from Turkey
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further In the thirteenth
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year, the second Balkan
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war begins, here the Balkan countries are already fighting
00:08:21
in including among themselves, and Bulgaria
00:08:23
suffered some territorial losses.
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Bulgaria didn’t like it, plus Bulgaria was a
00:08:28
little more accurate than Russia.
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Bulgaria ruined relations with each
00:08:32
other under Alexander the Third, so
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Bulgaria could not count on
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Russia’s help in all these matters, and you know
00:08:38
what Bulgaria did; Bulgaria decided
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to connect a little bit with Turkey and
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together, Bulgaria and Turkey, as two already
00:08:46
independent countries, set a course for
00:08:49
rapprochement with Austria-Hungary and Germany,
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Turkey simply had two options:
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who to ask for help with, who to build
00:08:55
international relations with, who to expect
00:08:57
support from, either from the countries of the Triple
00:08:59
Alliance
00:09:00
and then from we have Austria-Hungary, which
00:09:02
constantly wanted to seize the territory of
00:09:04
Turkey to grab something else, and Italy, among other
00:09:06
things, was in a triple alliance
00:09:08
that wanted to take Libya from Turkey and
00:09:10
there is also the Entente, this is Russia, France and
00:09:13
England, but with Russia Turkey’s relations are
00:09:15
very very strange and unusual and with
00:09:18
Russia, everything is somehow
00:09:20
strange with Bulgaria, so Bulgaria and Turkey decided to
00:09:22
take a course towards rapprochement with the
00:09:24
triple alliance and in the future they
00:09:26
will act in my favor on their
00:09:28
side. Russia sees and understands this
00:09:31
very, very poorly if Bulgaria and Turkey
00:09:34
unite against Russia and enter into an
00:09:37
alliance with Austria-Hungary Germany, this
00:09:39
essentially means the threat of complete
00:09:40
blocking of the strait in the Black Sea for
00:09:43
Russia, and in fact our entire
00:09:44
economy is built on them, something is wrong here,
00:09:46
we don’t like it,
00:09:48
we will need to solve this problem we need to return the
00:09:50
Black Sea Straits back, but it
00:09:52
would also be good to restore all relations
00:09:53
with the Balkan countries. Thus, you and
00:09:56
I have a large number of
00:09:58
contradictions, since we are studying the course of
00:10:01
world history separately from the history of
00:10:03
Russia, then let’s still introduce a little
00:10:05
here in the seven, let’s say so So,
00:10:09
what contradictions are we seeing? First of
00:10:11
all, these are the Anglo-German
00:10:13
contradictions. We are seeing, firstly,
00:10:15
naval rivalry. Previously,
00:10:17
England was the most important in the sea, and
00:10:19
now Germany is pulling the blanket in
00:10:21
this regard. Further, England Germany
00:10:23
is fighting for the Middle East, Middle East
00:10:26
and colonies in Africa Africa was a
00:10:29
country that was still little
00:10:31
colonized and Germany thought Well, since the
00:10:33
colonies in the east were dismantled, plus or minus,
00:10:35
I’ll go to Africa, but even in Africa
00:10:37
Germany met with the growing
00:10:39
English influence. Therefore, it was necessary to
00:10:41
divide Africa Germany did not
00:10:43
want to divide England will also decide that everything is
00:10:45
correct war further Franco German
00:10:47
contradictions here we have a
00:10:49
clash in Morocco and the desire of
00:10:51
France to take revenge for the defeat in
00:10:55
1871 there we still had not Germany but
00:10:57
Prussia it was the Franks the Russian war
00:10:59
France lost the conflict visualization
00:11:01
Lorraine and in short France wants to take
00:11:03
revenge And of course, the most important thing for
00:11:06
us in the context of studying the history of Russia
00:11:07
is the contradiction between Russia and
00:11:09
Germany and Russia and Austria-Hungary,
00:11:11
Austria-Hungary wants to subjugate
00:11:13
Serbia, we are essentially the defender of
00:11:16
Serbia, so we cannot
00:11:18
allow this Germany into its the queue
00:11:19
is intensifying in Turkey, for example, Germany
00:11:22
begins to lay the Baghdad
00:11:23
railway through Turkish possessions, and
00:11:26
it is clear that if someone
00:11:27
lays a railway somewhere, then
00:11:29
his influence is greatly enhanced; for
00:11:30
example, for us, the
00:11:32
Russian-Japanese war Russia does not
00:11:34
like it because it is completely are ruining
00:11:36
Russia's plans to establish its
00:11:38
own control over the
00:11:40
Bosporus and Dardanelles straits in order to
00:11:42
properly export oil and grain,
00:11:44
so we need to somehow get Austria-Hungary out of this game,
00:11:46
get Germany out of the game,
00:11:48
Italy doesn't particularly interest us, but
00:11:50
Italy had its own personal problems,
00:11:52
France therefore, here are
00:11:56
some questions for the allies. We also want to help in
00:11:57
this way. At the beginning of the 20th century in Europe,
00:12:01
everything is somehow abnormal, someone wants to
00:12:04
take it away, someone wants to take over the
00:12:06
blanket, someone is dissatisfied with this,
00:12:08
there are a large number of
00:12:10
contradictions and thus
00:12:12
just a small Spark was enough for the
00:12:14
so-called
00:12:16
pan-European fire to flare up and very soon this
00:12:18
fire will flare up.
00:12:21
Well, now let’s move on to more
00:12:22
specific things, what in the end are the
00:12:25
real true underlying
00:12:27
causes of the First World War? Why did a
00:12:29
large number of countries decide to
00:12:30
gather against each other and fight for
00:12:33
what? why and why the first desire to
00:12:36
weaken the states of competitors In the
00:12:38
economic and military spheres with the help of
00:12:40
military alliances, everything is simple here, for example
00:12:42
Great Britain Great Britain wants to
00:12:44
maintain leadership in the military sphere specifically
00:12:47
in the navy or Russia Russia wants to
00:12:50
maintain its economic potential in the
00:12:52
Black Sea straits in order to
00:12:53
export oil grain further through
00:12:55
these straits We need control over these
00:12:57
straits, accordingly we need to
00:12:59
weaken the state of our competitors, we in
00:13:02
Russia need to weaken Turkey and
00:13:04
Austria-Hungary England needs to weaken
00:13:06
Germany because Germany is a
00:13:07
competitor for England in the field of
00:13:09
shipbuilding At this time,
00:13:11
how best to do this correctly
00:13:13
with the help of military alliances Russia and England
00:13:15
unite together to defeat
00:13:17
Germany and Austria-Hungary, then the struggle
00:13:20
for redistribution and mutual territorial
00:13:22
claims of European countries for the sphere of
00:13:25
influence and sales markets and product markets,
00:13:27
but here everything is simple, we have a colonial
00:13:30
world. Everyone has their own colonies. Everyone has their own
00:13:32
influence in one or another. other regions Russia
00:13:34
wants to influence the Balkans and accordingly
00:13:36
use their resources And sell
00:13:38
any goods there Austria-Hungary
00:13:40
wants to use the resources of the Balkans
00:13:42
Germany wants to use Africa
00:13:44
England wants to use Africa the whole
00:13:46
problem must be solved by war
00:13:49
in order to divide the world among themselves Who
00:13:52
influences where to come to an agreement it doesn’t work out peacefully
00:13:54
further, the following reason for the war, to be more
00:13:58
specific, rather a prerequisite, but we
00:14:00
can confuse it, is simply
00:14:02
the formation of military-political alliances, the
00:14:04
military-political alliances themselves,
00:14:07
of course, were formed for these two
00:14:08
reasons, because well, we need to somehow
00:14:10
solve our problems, but the very
00:14:12
existence of military- political unions,
00:14:14
of course, it will always come to the conclusion that the
00:14:17
military-political Union must
00:14:18
fulfill its goal, that is, teaching
00:14:22
its Union in the war; therefore, the existence of these
00:14:25
military-political blocs inevitably
00:14:26
leads to a future war; further, the next
00:14:29
reason for the First World War is the
00:14:31
existence of the disputed
00:14:33
territories themselves for example, the Balkans of Alsace,
00:14:35
Lorraine, the Middle East, the very
00:14:38
existence of these territories seems to
00:14:40
encourage people to fight for them for one
00:14:42
reason or another, and the fact that these
00:14:44
disputed territories remained disputed until
00:14:46
the beginning of the 20th century, that is, the problems of
00:14:49
dividing up the territory were not resolved in the
00:14:51
previous century, this leads the fact that
00:14:53
we need to finally figure it out and two more
00:14:56
interesting reasons for the First World War. The
00:14:57
first is scientific and technological progress by the
00:15:00
beginning of the 20th century, science has gone far ahead in
00:15:03
the field of aircraft construction, artillery, creating
00:15:05
bullets of some new asphyxiating gases,
00:15:08
other biochemical weapons, and why
00:15:10
not take advantage of this in the coming
00:15:13
war, that is, the creation of new technologies
00:15:15
whose purpose is, among other things, the
00:15:17
destruction of living organisms, as if
00:15:20
calling on powers to take advantage of these
00:15:22
technologies. You have a cool bomb
00:15:24
that you can throw at another country and
00:15:26
defeat it, what are the reasons to
00:15:28
stop you from throwing this bomb?
00:15:30
Good question and of course one of the reasons for the
00:15:32
First World War is also the
00:15:34
suppression of revolutionary ideas; however, in
00:15:37
the end, the First World War led,
00:15:39
on the contrary, to the strengthening of revolutionary ideas, and it was
00:15:41
after the First World War that
00:15:43
several empires collapsed, but it is believed
00:15:45
that perhaps the state tried to
00:15:47
quickly start the First World War
00:15:49
in order to stop
00:15:50
the revolutionary hotbeds in their countries, they say,
00:15:53
everyone will go to war, everyone will go to the front,
00:15:55
no one will be left to revolutionize Yes,
00:15:58
and in principle, somehow you know, the focus of
00:15:59
attention is shifting to war. And if
00:16:01
you play games, then in general everything will be fine, everything
00:16:04
will be amazing, that is, as if it were
00:16:06
possible suppress revolutionary ideas
00:16:07
that were very widespread
00:16:09
at the beginning of the 20th century in all European and
00:16:11
not only countries, but in the end, as I already
00:16:14
said, the First World War will
00:16:16
cause the fall of several empires, but
00:16:18
this is the topic of the next lessons because the
00:16:21
First World War ends
00:16:22
under the Bolsheviks Well that these are the
00:16:25
reasons for the First World War we can
00:16:27
identify and of course these reasons they
00:16:30
simply exist they are intensified by everyone
00:16:33
they feel everyone sees them but no one can
00:16:36
muster the courage and just like that I
00:16:38
declare war on you right today right
00:16:40
now I wanted No, everyone is waiting for a
00:16:42
reason for someone to do something, someone
00:16:45
to say, so that it can be that everything is like
00:16:47
this, you insulted me, you offended me, everything. It’s
00:16:49
time to start a war, this reason will happen
00:16:51
in June 1914. So, again, I focus on the reason for the First
00:16:56
World War
00:16:58
in words, a reason. If somewhere you
00:17:01
see that you are being asked about the reason for
00:17:03
some kind of war, then it will be either the
00:17:05
Crimean War or the First World War,
00:17:07
because there really were reasons
00:17:10
for the Crimean War. It was a sport
00:17:12
for shrines; a reason for the First World War.
00:17:15
This what we are now going to discuss
00:17:17
Sarajevo is a small territory in
00:17:20
Bosnia, the heart of Herzegovina, which is now
00:17:22
occupied by Austria-Hungary and it was in
00:17:24
Saravia that the so-called incident took place,
00:17:26
we will call it the future
00:17:28
Sarajevo incident in Sarajevo, they killed the
00:17:31
heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne,
00:17:34
Archduke Franz Ferdinand, and killed him
00:17:37
Bosnian high school student Gavrila princip,
00:17:40
who is a
00:17:41
sickle by nationality And now Assess the scope of this
00:17:44
incident, here we have Austria-Hungary,
00:17:46
it occupied the territory of Bosnia and
00:17:49
Herzegovina Okay, Austria-Hungary bought the
00:17:51
territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Austria
00:17:53
-Hungary is striving further It
00:17:55
is still possible to take over the territory of Serbia,
00:17:57
Serbia does not like this, that’s why Serbian
00:18:00
terrorists send their other
00:18:02
terrorists to the city of Sarajevo, where at a given
00:18:04
period of time the heir to the
00:18:06
Austro-Hungarian throne, Franz
00:18:08
Ferdinand, is located and tell some of their
00:18:10
members of the terrorist gang to kill
00:18:12
this heir, such a political gesture
00:18:14
said the principle of Sickle by nationality,
00:18:16
they kill, of course,
00:18:18
and an international scandal flares up
00:18:22
Austria-Hungary puts forward
00:18:24
an ultimatum to Serbia, they say Serbia Whose business is it Who are
00:18:27
they anyway, we don’t like it
00:18:29
Serbia says that it is not
00:18:31
involved in this It’s just, well, revolutionaries are
00:18:33
terrorists, we won’t do anything with them
00:18:35
Well, no matter how simple it is, these are people, we can’t be
00:18:37
responsible for everyone
00:18:38
person, but Austria-Hungary directly tells
00:18:40
Serbia that now Serbia will start a war
00:18:43
if you don’t explain to me what’s
00:18:44
happening here, you won’t give up a piece of your
00:18:46
territory and you won’t allow an
00:18:48
investigation to be carried out on your territory. That
00:18:50
is, Austria-Hungary wanted to send troops
00:18:53
to Serbia in order to carry out its own in Serbia
00:18:55
own investigation into this
00:18:58
case, but Serbia refuses to allow
00:19:01
Austria to conduct its own
00:19:03
investigation on the territory of their country,
00:19:05
primarily because they say, Excuse
00:19:07
me, this is our jurisdiction, our people, we
00:19:09
will conduct an investigation, and in the second
00:19:10
case, I think this is due to the fact that
00:19:12
if you, Austria began to conduct an
00:19:14
investigation on the territory of Serbia,
00:19:16
would send some troops there to search for
00:19:18
information, this would lead to the occupation
00:19:20
of Serbia, which Serbia could not allow.
00:19:21
Serbia was ready to agree with all
00:19:24
points of the ultimatum if only there was no
00:19:26
war. In addition, but Serbia does not
00:19:28
agree and the country is making concessions and
00:19:30
this is an excellent reason to
00:19:31
officially declare war on Serbia, they
00:19:34
say, Serbia is so bad, she is to blame for everything, she
00:19:36
killed our heir, a little foo
00:19:39
on you, Serbia now I will capture you,
00:19:40
says Austria-Hungary,
00:19:42
Serbia, of course, asks for help from
00:19:45
Russia, they say Dear Russia Protect me from
00:19:47
terrible Serbia We’ve always been friends Come on,
00:19:49
help Nicholas II calls on
00:19:51
Germany to somehow influence
00:19:53
Austria-Hungary, that is, you see, but
00:19:55
Austria-Hungary and the Serbs are such
00:19:57
second-rank states, let’s say
00:19:59
Serbia is generally fifth rank, probably, and
00:20:01
is at the top Russia and Germany Serbia
00:20:03
asks for protection from Russia
00:20:05
Austro-Hungary Well, supposedly it should
00:20:08
obey Germany, but Germany says
00:20:10
that I won’t do anything I won’t
00:20:13
influence the Austro-Hungarians Let them do what they
00:20:15
want because it was also beneficial for Germany
00:20:17
that I began Okay,
00:20:20
Nicholas II realized that it would
00:20:23
not be possible to maintain peace in the world through Germany,
00:20:25
so Russia begins
00:20:26
mobilization But not to start a global
00:20:29
war, but only to protect Serbia from
00:20:32
Austria-Hungary Well, you never know, we’ll protect Serbia
00:20:34
and it will all end quickly, but
00:20:36
immediately after that on August 1 Germany
00:20:38
declares war on Russia, they say, so
00:20:41
Russia, you want to go to war against my ally,
00:20:43
I’ll go to war against you, and
00:20:46
plus there are obligations for the Triple
00:20:47
Alliance between Germany and Austria-Hungary. On
00:20:49
August 3, Germany also declares war on
00:20:52
France as an ally of Russia. On August 4,
00:20:55
war enters. England and everything begins
00:20:58
officially, the First World War, all
00:21:01
countries have declared that the war will now
00:21:03
begin and begin to prepare for
00:21:05
active hostilities,
00:21:07
respectively, we have the
00:21:10
Triple Alliance and we have the Entente, and
00:21:13
now they will compete with each other
00:21:15
in this First World
00:21:17
War here I am I remind you a little that And
00:21:19
that the Triple Alliance was formed in
00:21:23
1882, it consisted of Germany,
00:21:24
Austria-Hungary and Italy Italy at the
00:21:27
beginning of the First World War accepted
00:21:30
neutrality Italy decided not to participate in
00:21:33
the war at all. In no way, and a little later in the
00:21:35
fifteenth year, Italy will completely take the
00:21:37
side of the Entente. such an interesting
00:21:39
ally came out Well, okay, Austria-Hungary
00:21:42
Germany We found other allies in the
00:21:44
person of the Ottoman Empire and in the person of Bulgaria,
00:21:46
of course, the plan for the Triple Alliance
00:21:49
was simple, it was drawn up by General Shlifin,
00:21:51
you need to quickly hit France to
00:21:54
get it out of the war before Russia
00:21:57
fully mobilizes its forces for the First
00:22:00
World War and then defeat
00:22:02
Russia and England one by one The Entente
00:22:04
was formed in 1907 Russia France
00:22:08
and England plus later
00:22:10
Italy joined the Contante and in total there were
00:22:12
34 states there were very, very many
00:22:14
states in the Entente the plan was
00:22:16
simple Russia and France on both sides
00:22:19
must begin an attack on Germany,
00:22:21
here Russia is here,
00:22:23
Germany is here France is here, so
00:22:25
we take it in a vice and that’s it, Germany
00:22:29
loses, and at the same time Russia
00:22:30
is still dealing with Austria-Hungary,
00:22:32
here Germany is here in Austria-Hungary, this is what it
00:22:33
looks like Well, the plans,
00:22:36
of course, were simple, and both Unions
00:22:38
sought to end the war about
00:22:40
six months before winter. Well, as usual, now we’ll
00:22:43
finish everything quickly, we went well
00:22:45
above. Adventures for one episode were not there.
00:22:47
Adventures will last for 4-5 years. So in the
00:22:51
end, Let’s look at Why Russia
00:22:53
in general entered this war, the reasons for
00:22:55
Russia entering the war, why did we need it,
00:22:58
maybe we could not have to
00:23:00
harness ourselves for a series and avoid these
00:23:02
conflicts But in fact, no, first of all, of
00:23:05
course, the reasons for
00:23:07
Russia’s appearance in this war are
00:23:08
allied obligations under the Entente That
00:23:12
is, even if we had not entered the war
00:23:14
right away, most likely Germany
00:23:16
would have declared war on France France on Germany and
00:23:18
off we go, the chain would have been given to us.
00:23:21
And of course, the main reasons
00:23:23
are the contradictions that we
00:23:25
described on the first page, but
00:23:27
there are also reasons firstly we
00:23:29
had to help in Serbia We have been
00:23:31
defending these Balkan countries for so long
00:23:33
we have been defending Serbia for so long we need to defend Serbia
00:23:36
which was attacked by
00:23:37
Austria-Hungary further if we do not defend
00:23:40
Serbia now then most likely we
00:23:42
will lose all our reputation in the Balkans
00:23:45
we cannot to do this, we need not
00:23:47
only to preserve our reputation and influence on the
00:23:49
posters, but also to expand and strengthen it, and
00:23:51
if we help all the guys of
00:23:53
Austria-Hungary, Serbia will be grateful
00:23:55
to us for the rest of their lives, we also
00:23:58
have problems with the Black Sea straits,
00:24:00
and since the Ottoman Empire is also
00:24:02
acting in on the German side,
00:24:03
perhaps with the help of this war we
00:24:05
will finally be able to achieve the
00:24:07
normal establishment of control over the
00:24:09
Black Sea straits, and plus we
00:24:11
understand that the war will also be with the
00:24:14
Straveans Gray and Austria-Hungary owns
00:24:16
some of the Polish territories and it
00:24:19
would be great to take these Polish
00:24:21
territories in order to continue collecting
00:24:23
Polish lands under the auspices of
00:24:24
Russia Poland True hasn’t wanted this for a long time,
00:24:26
but that’s a different matter Well,
00:24:29
somehow this is how the
00:24:31
First World War begins
00:24:35
here. Well, let’s probably pause here
00:24:37
so you can move on to We will
00:24:40
also look at the next lesson and pictures
00:24:43
in the next lesson. See
00:24:46
you soon in the next lesson, we will look at the course of the First
00:24:48
World War and what happened in the rear and
00:24:50
of course we will look at the map See you soon
00:24:53
See you soon
00:24:56
[music]
00:25:03
[music]

Description:

00:00 Начало видео 01:52 Внешняя политика России до войны 02:12 Создание Антанты 1907 04:52 Турция 07:44 Балканы 10:11 Противоречия 12:21 Причины Первой мировой войны (1914-1918/1919) 16:50 Повод 19:30 Завязка конфликта 21:18 Тройственный союз 22:04 Антанта 22:52 Причины вступления в войну России 24:54 Милый бонус Надеюсь, урок тебе понравился! ♥ Если остались вопросы, обязательно напиши своему куратору)

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