Download "After Effects Expressions 202 - Time Expression"

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0:00

Intro

0:17

Time Syntax

0:39

Using the Time Attribute

2:59

Applying Time to Position

4:17

Posterize Time Syntax

4:51

Using Posterize Time

5:53

Lesson 202 Wrap Up

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You've probably seen (or used) the time expression before.

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A useful application of time is on a Rotation property, or a parameter like Evolution.

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Time is a global attribute, and is simply represented by the word "time"

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It outputs the current composition's elapsed time in seconds.

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You can think of the time attribute like an engine - a steady output over time.

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When you pair the time attribute with an operator, you can create steady, infinite animation.

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What can we do with time?

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Well, you can use the time engine to drive almost anything.

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Let's start with the Rocket.

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It's currently parented to the Rocket Null, which drives the Rotation.

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You can attach the time attribute to the Z Rotation of the Rocket Null.

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So, first, if you make Rotation visible by pressing "R" on your keyboard,

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you can add a new expression to the Z Rotation property by "Alt (or Option) + Click" the stopwatch.

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Now, all you have to do to add this expression is type the word "time"

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Now, when you click outside of the expression field, it's gonna save your changes.

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And if you quickly scrub the Timeline, you'll see that the Rocket changes

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just slightly in value across 5 seconds.

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This is because the time attribute increases the Rotation of the Rocket by 1

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every second in time.

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So, here I'm at 4 seconds in my composition, and the Z Rotation value is set to 4.

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But this is pretty slow, so let's add an operator to speed things up.

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If you click into the expression and after time, we're gonna add a multiplication operator

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with an asterisk (*) and then you want to type the value 360.

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So now if you click outside of the expression field, and RAM Preview the scene,

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the Rocket goes much faster.

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This is going 1 rotation per second.

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So, if I come over to 4 seconds in composition time, you'll notice the value is 4 rotations

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instead of 4 degrees.

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But this is going pretty fast, so let's slow it down a bit.

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Now, we know that the composition is 5 seconds in length, so you can use a simple

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order of operations to slow this down.

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So, if you add an open parenthesis before 360 and add a division operator,

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which is a forward slash (/) and then add the value 5 with a close parenthesis.

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So now, with the beauty of some simple math, we have a perfect Rotation around the Planet

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every 5 seconds.

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Now, you can apply this same expression to the Y Rotation of the Moon Null.

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So, if you click into the expression and hit "Control + C" or "Command + C" on a Mac to copy,

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come down to the Moon Null, open Rotation by hitting "R"

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come down to the Y Rotation,

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add a new expression by "Alt (or Option) + Click" the stopwatch,

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and "Control + V" or "Command + V" on a Mac, to paste.

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And now if you RAM Preview your scene, you'll see that the Moon and the Rocket both rotate

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around the Planet every 5 seconds, so this creates a perfect loop.

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So you might have also noticed that there's a Comet layer in this composition.

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So I'm gonna hit "U" on my keyboard to collapse these.

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So, you can offset the Position of this Comet to streak across the sky.

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Instead of working with the Null, we're gonna work with the Comet layer.

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So, if you open up Position by hitting "P" on your keyboard,

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we're gonna separate the Position dimensions because we only want to work with the Y axis.

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So, if you right-click Position and hit Separate Dimensions,

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it's gonna give us X, Y, and Z as separate values.

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So I'm gonna highlight Y Position and I'm gonna "Alt (or Option) + Click" the stopwatch

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to add a new expression.

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And if you type "value" it will act as a temporary reference to itself.

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So, we wanna take its original Position, which is value, and then add time to it.

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So I can do this with an addition operator, which is a plus (+)

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and then I'm gonna use the attribute time,

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and then really speed it up, by using a multiplication operator.

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And then I'm gonna times this by negative 1000 so it goes really fast.

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And now, if you preview your scene, you'll see the Comet streak across the sky.

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This expression affects the Y axis and it steadily decreases its axis value by 1000 every second.

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To show you what I mean, I'm gonna come over to 4 seconds in time

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and you'll notice that the Y Position is now set to -4000 because of our expression here.

00:04:20

If you're a fan of stop motion, you're going to love the posterize time expression.

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If you've ever used the Posterize Time effect in After Effects, the results are identical.

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The difference is the ability to affect a single property instead of an entire layer's contents.

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The Posterize Time method has three parts: the method name, posterizeTime with a capital t,

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followed by one argument in parenthesis, which is the desired frames per second.

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And you finish it off with value to serve as a callback function for the method to work properly.

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So, if you select the Rocket Null layer and hit "R" on your keyboard to open Rotation,

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and twirl down the Z Rotation property, we're going to go ahead and add

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posterizeTime to the existing expression.

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So, right before time, I'm gonna set my cursor and I'm gonna type posterizeTime

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with a capital t, followed by an open parenthesis.

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For this example, set a frames per second, I'm gonna use 3, followed by a close parenthesis.

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And then add a semi-colon to end that phrase, and then a space to make it more legible.

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So now, if you click away from the expression, nothing has changed yet.

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And now if you RAM Preview the scene, you'll notice that everything moves smoothly,

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except for the Rocket layer, which is interpolated at 3 frames per second.

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Posterize time only updates the expression at the frequency you specify,

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and it requires the value to be called back.

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It will not work as a standalone global method, you'll have to use value, valueAtTime,

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or something like a linear function to complete the expression.

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In this case, we're using time.

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You can find the time expression syntax in the Expression Language Menu under the Global category.

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We've arrived at the end of Lesson 202: How to Use the Time Expression On A Property

00:06:12

If you enjoy this expressions course, consider purchasing the paid content.

00:06:15

It includes in-depth documentation, extra tutorial content, high definition videos,

00:06:20

and all the project files used in the training.

00:06:23

Your purchase will help to create more free courses like this in the future.

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Get the Course Materials: https://animoplex.gumroad.com/l/animoplex-expressions World of Expressions - Full Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLvr5U5ZSt6IzHyvSL9fo0M9NRPsTvra31 0:00 - Intro 0:17 - Time Syntax 0:39 - Using the Time Attribute 2:59 - Applying Time to Position 4:17 - Posterize Time Syntax 4:51 - Using Posterize Time 5:53 - Lesson 202 Wrap Up View Course: https://www.animoplex.com/learn/expressions.html If you enjoy this expressions course, consider purchasing the paid content! It includes in-depth documentation, extra tutorial content, high definition video files, and project files used in the training. Your purchase will fund the release of this free course online for everyone to enjoy. Your support is greatly appreciated, and you’re helping to build more free courses like this in the future! For additional questions and help, reporting issues, or to share examples of how you used the World of Expressions tutorials, please email [email protected] or post in the comments below.

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