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ЧТО МЫ ЗНАЕМ О ВОЙНЕ? Есть над чем задуматься... (Стихи о войне)

ЧТО МЫ ЗНАЕМ О ВОЙНЕ? Есть над чем задуматься... (Стихи о войне)

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Конвой

битва

за

атлантику

WWII

вторая

мировая

война

uboot

u-boat

u-boats

submarine

submarines

krigsmarine

подводная

лодка

подводные

лодки

подлодка

подлодки

Silent

hunter

1939

1940

1941

1942

1943

1944

1945

film

films

фильм

фильмы

convoy

battle

of

the

atlantic

00:00:02

The Atlantic Ocean is a forgotten place One

00:00:05

of the most brutal battles of the Second World

00:00:09

War and almost immediately there was a monstrous

00:00:14

explosion German submarines attacked

00:00:17

British and Canadian transport

00:00:18

convoys Atlantic communications

00:00:21

were without a doubt vital to us

00:00:24

without vital supplies

00:00:27

Britain would not have survived Hitler won the

00:00:30

war for

00:00:31

Europe it was a battle strategies strike and

00:00:36

counterstrike when the depth

00:00:39

charges exploded everyone was overcome by a feeling of true

00:00:41

horror the race to create technological

00:00:44

superiority or an attempt to lure

00:00:46

Mrs. Photona to your

00:00:48

side you always hope that

00:00:51

someone else will be in the water And you will be saved

00:00:53

this is the Battle of the Atlantic on the line the outcome of

00:00:56

World War II

00:01:01

convoys Battle of the Atlantic wolf

00:01:15

pack attacks German submarines at the boat will become

00:01:19

one of the most terrible weapons of

00:01:22

World War II on the very day when

00:01:24

war was declared u30 reached the

00:01:26

north-west coast of Ireland on

00:01:29

board 11 torpedoes and 44 crew members

00:01:32

ready to

00:01:35

hunt we swore allegiance to the Motherland and the

00:01:40

army had passed 21

00:01:43

years since the end of the First

00:01:47

World War, it was our turn

00:01:55

to fight on the same day Lal Izn

00:02:00

And headed to

00:02:02

Canada many of you his passengers

00:02:06

were fleeing Hitler's invasion of

00:02:08

Eastern Europe among them were Jewish

00:02:11

refugees Mariana Young and her

00:02:15

husband we fled from the

00:02:18

Czech Republic through a week After its occupation

00:02:20

by the Nazis, we decided that we didn’t want to stay

00:02:23

in

00:02:24

Europe. I knew that sooner or later

00:02:27

war would start, but I didn’t think that it would

00:02:29

happen on that very

00:02:34

day, September 3, 1939, Britain and

00:02:38

France declared war on

00:02:41

Germany. I was sleeping on my bed.

00:02:44

My

00:02:46

friend came up and woke me up. and

00:02:49

said heard the news the British declared

00:02:55

war on us I jumped up and went to

00:02:58

Radika

00:03:01

we were told to immediately perceive

00:03:04

England as the

00:03:06

enemy at 4:30 pm only 5 hours

00:03:10

after the start of the war y30 discovered a

00:03:12

ship approximately hundreds of

00:03:14

kilometers from the north-west of

00:03:19

Ireland submarine commander Free Julius The MP

00:03:22

is too far away

00:03:24

for

00:03:28

us to understand that it was

00:03:32

heading from England to America or

00:03:39

Canada, we pursued it until

00:03:42

sunset because the commander did not want

00:03:46

[music]

00:03:48

to make a mistake. But noticing that the ship was

00:03:51

observing light camouflage, the LMP decided that

00:03:53

Ateni was an armed merchant ship and

00:03:56

started the

00:03:58

attack

00:04:02

when it got dark

00:04:03

we attacked

00:04:15

[music]

00:04:19

the ship the first attack we made with two

00:04:22

[music]

00:04:28

torpedoes

00:04:30

[music] the

00:04:41

torpedoes were launched with a maximum

00:04:43

speed of 23 m per

00:04:49

[music]

00:04:53

second at that moment dinner was served in the dining room.

00:04:57

My husband was with me his

00:05:00

brother we were sitting at the table I remember very well

00:05:03

that we were eating

00:05:05

soup and suddenly there was an

00:05:17

explosion everything was plunged into darkness chaos began

00:05:34

[music]

00:05:37

I ran into the radio room and heard the call signs of

00:05:39

Ateni and their

00:05:43

SOS signal they had 1,100 passengers on board Oh

00:05:46

my God then I suddenly I realized what we

00:05:58

had done

00:06:00

[music] the

00:06:02

commander of the LMP knew that he had made a

00:06:04

tragic

00:06:08

[music]

00:06:10

mistake. I climbed over the fence and

00:06:12

holding my husband by the hand told him Let's go and

00:06:15

he continued to scream, first the children and the

00:06:19

woman the boat slowly sank and I

00:06:22

lost him

00:06:25

because I thought God the ship drowning us

00:06:30

It was just

00:06:35

terrible Mariana spent a long night in a

00:06:37

lifeboat before she was rescued

00:06:40

Aniya became the first victim of German

00:06:43

submarines in

00:06:44

World War II her sinking took the lives of 118

00:06:48

men, women and

00:06:52

children Returning to the

00:06:58

list of survivors and finding his name there I

00:07:02

can’t convey these feelings it was

00:07:05

like God's

00:07:07

blessing the sinking of the Ateni was a perfect

00:07:09

demonstration of the destructive power of a

00:07:11

deadly

00:07:12

weapon but the real disaster of propaganda

00:07:18

u30 returned in

00:07:20

disgrace what happened next was a

00:07:23

violation of all international maritime

00:07:28

rules lm half set a group of

00:07:34

officers rose we were called to the torpedo room and

00:07:38

ordered to keep a record of what happened in

00:07:44

Tana heating Ateni was erased

00:07:47

from the ship's log

00:07:49

[music] the

00:07:50

Germans wanted not a

00:07:53

single record of their involvement in

00:07:55

this to remain. Especially considering that among the

00:07:57

dead there were 28 Americans. The

00:08:01

United States Armed Forces had not yet entered the

00:08:03

war. Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebel

00:08:05

said that Churchill deliberately sank

00:08:07

Ateni so that America took the side of the

00:08:13

allies During the First World War, it was

00:08:16

the death of Louise Tania, it was a similar incident that

00:08:20

led to the US entry into the war Hitler

00:08:23

tried to

00:08:25

avoid

00:08:28

this

00:08:32

in America, newspapermen called the death of Atheni a

00:08:36

crime Winston Churchill was waiting for

00:08:38

what the

00:08:43

Americans would do, undoubtedly Churchill would have been

00:08:46

pleased, he would have felt

00:08:48

relieved, but he hoped that the United States will enter the

00:08:52

war against

00:08:53

Germany, but America after the First World

00:08:56

War did not want to get involved in one

00:08:58

Europe

00:09:00

in America remained

00:09:03

neutral the massacre of the First World War caused

00:09:06

damage not only to Europe but also to the Americans

00:09:10

they had no desire to get involved in

00:09:13

another massacre of trench

00:09:22

warfare Europe quickly surrendered to the

00:09:27

approaching cut off,

00:09:29

the situation was critical, the reserves of

00:09:32

some basic resources necessary

00:09:34

for survival in the country would only last

00:09:36

for 3

00:09:38

[music]

00:09:41

weeks, left without American help,

00:09:43

Britain turned to

00:09:47

Canada, the sleepy ports of Nova Scotia,

00:09:50

Halifax and Sydney, suddenly became the

00:09:52

center of one of the world's largest

00:09:57

supply operations for Canada under the British Empire,

00:10:00

they came to the aid of Britain without question

00:10:02

[music]

00:10:04

As far as I

00:10:07

understand, this was a natural reaction; the

00:10:10

Prime Minister of Britain declared war and

00:10:13

for me this

00:10:14

meant that Canada would also fight.

00:10:17

Britain and Canada are separated by 4500 km of

00:10:21

ocean surface, ideal

00:10:23

territory for German

00:10:28

submarines, but Britain She was sure that the

00:10:30

Royal Navy, the strongest in the

00:10:32

world, would easily protect transport

00:10:35

ships; no one took into account the

00:10:37

ruthlessness and abilities of one

00:10:42

man in Germany, the commander of the

00:10:45

submarine fleet, Karl Dönitz, challenged the

00:10:47

royal fleet and planned to defeat

00:10:51

it during the First World War. The day he

00:10:54

commanded the submarine, the

00:10:56

British sank it and They took him and the thirst for

00:11:00

places did not leave him the day he wrote in his

00:11:03

memoirs I believe in the combat effectiveness of the

00:11:06

submarine, it is a first-class

00:11:09

offensive weapon in naval warfare and the

00:11:12

best carrier

00:11:16

[music] of

00:11:19

torpedoes before the start of the war the day he personally

00:11:22

supervised the construction of submarines

00:11:25

after the First World War

00:11:27

Germany submarines but their

00:11:30

development continued in

00:11:32

secret DC quickly created a powerful and

00:11:35

modern submarine

00:11:38

fleet the workhorse of this fleet became the

00:11:41

seventh type boat two diesel

00:11:45

engines gave her a speed of 16 knots

00:11:47

on the surface this was enough to

00:11:50

catch up with most transport ships

00:11:52

electric batteries allowed her to

00:11:54

remain under water up to

00:11:57

24

00:11:59

mm gun But

00:12:01

its deadliest weapon 11

00:12:10

torpedoes later Winston Churchill would write

00:12:14

The only thing that scared me during

00:12:16

the war was the threat of submarines

00:12:18

[music]

00:12:23

boats in the first months of the Second World

00:12:25

War, the commander of the German submarines gave the

00:12:29

order to his new submarines to search

00:12:31

the Atlantic in search of

00:12:33

targets but the Royal Navy did not

00:12:36

pay attention to the threat, naval officers

00:12:38

were confident that the submarine's inherent weakness

00:12:40

would be the cause of its

00:12:42

defeat; submarines could

00:12:45

only remain underwater for short periods of time

00:12:47

before they had to surface to

00:12:49

recharge their batteries meaning they could be

00:12:51

easily detected and destroyed once

00:12:53

submerged; the Royal Navy had full

00:12:56

confidence in the effectiveness of the new

00:13:00

[music]

00:13:03

developed before the start of the war, it

00:13:05

used directional sound waves

00:13:07

to see under

00:13:10

water, the waves reflected from

00:13:12

submarines and returned in the form of an

00:13:16

echo, the faster they were reflected, the closer

00:13:19

the ship came to the submarine, when the

00:13:21

distance was reduced to a minimum,

00:13:23

depth charges could be dropped

00:13:27

demonstration. Chechel was so impressed that

00:13:30

he announced that it would save us from a huge

00:13:34

[music]

00:13:37

danger, 2 weeks from the beginning of the war,

00:13:40

three aircraft carriers and 14 destroyers equipped with

00:13:45

ranks were ordered to clear the sea of

00:13:48

German submarines, one of these

00:13:50

aircraft carriers is His Majesty's ship, which is the

00:13:53

brave one, developing a speed of 31

00:13:56

knots and carrying on board 48 itself

00:13:59

one of the most powerful ships of the

00:14:01

Royal Navy

00:14:03

was John Non on board he was only 16 years old

00:14:07

2 weeks after

00:14:09

the war began We went on patrol to the

00:14:11

southwest coast of Ireland

00:14:13

escorting a couple of destroyers there was a

00:14:15

very, very powerful

00:14:17

group This it was an ordinary day, everything was in

00:14:19

order, the pilots were practicing take-off and

00:14:21

landing, patrols the territory as the PSI

00:14:27

disadvantage could be compared with the

00:14:29

range of the torpedo outside its

00:14:31

reach, it was hidden -29 it was

00:14:35

commanded by Otto

00:14:36

Schuchart. He noticed the plane turning around to

00:14:40

land. Otto did not miss his

00:14:43

chance and fired towards the aircraft carrier three

00:14:49

[music]

00:14:57

torpedoes

00:15:00

And at that moment there was a monstrous

00:15:02

[music]

00:15:08

explosion. A few seconds later, another

00:15:10

terrifying

00:15:17

explosion of torpedoes made two huge

00:15:20

holes in the side of the brave aircraft carrier.

00:15:34

water and swam as

00:15:36

hard as I could to get away from the

00:15:39

ship and at that moment I noticed how

00:15:41

the aircraft carrier began to sink into the sea and

00:15:43

then the waves closed over

00:15:49

it, soon everything became quiet but I could hear how

00:15:52

people around were fighting for their

00:15:57

lives

00:16:00

with us. There were still two

00:16:03

destroyers left, but they could not stop

00:16:05

to pick up survivors because they

00:16:07

could become easy

00:16:16

prey in reality, His

00:16:18

Majesty's initiator Avenga began pursuing

00:16:20

Otto Shewhart with the help of his

00:16:22

underwater

00:16:25

[music]

00:16:27

San

00:16:29

answered the sound of e

00:16:32

y2 Shewhart made an emergency dive

00:16:35

to the maximum depth to which he had

00:16:37

ever dived

00:16:38

[music ]

00:16:48

being at such a depth even without the

00:16:50

threat of the enemy was not very

00:16:53

comfortable, everyone hoped to rise closer

00:16:56

to the surface as soon as the threat to

00:17:04

[music]

00:17:16

[music]

00:17:23

went the destroyers continued to bombard the

00:17:25

submarine for several hours until,

00:17:30

but luck did not abandon Shewhart, he managed to

00:17:37

escape at this time John Cannon

00:17:39

spent in the water for 2

00:17:42

hours already his only hope for

00:17:44

salvation was to reach a passing

00:17:46

merchant

00:17:49

ship I swam towards Dida swam for

00:17:52

quite a long time very tired strange I don’t

00:17:54

know if they would understand me correctly but I wasn’t

00:17:56

afraid of

00:17:57

drowning I was so tired that I just wanted to

00:18:01

fall asleep But he swam next to me naval

00:18:04

pilot observer and probably He thought

00:18:07

that I

00:18:09

had given up and he suddenly suddenly

00:18:12

shouted Come on guy,

00:18:15

swim, your mother and father will be waiting for

00:18:22

you, believe it or not, but it

00:18:25

breathed a little life into me, I

00:18:27

began to swim again

00:18:28

[music]

00:18:31

John survived But out of 1260 members crew

00:18:35

killed

00:18:40

518 with just two torpedoes a small

00:18:43

submarine destroyed one of the most

00:18:45

serious ships of the British

00:18:47

fleet the Royal Navy underestimated the threat of

00:18:51

German submarines

00:18:53

To avoid new ones

00:18:55

[music]

00:18:57

Loss of the fleet was ordered to take part

00:19:00

only in those operations in which there was no

00:19:01

risk of attack by German

00:19:05

submarines we were not

00:19:08

ready for at that moment I think we still did not

00:19:11

understand that we were in a very dangerous position

00:19:16

[music]

00:19:21

[applause]

00:19:23

Returning to the port Otto Shewhart

00:19:26

was greeted like a hero by

00:19:31

Dönitz admired the commander of the submarine this

00:19:34

attack proved that submarines can

00:19:36

destroy the royal

00:19:42

fleet just 4 weeks after the death of the

00:19:48

brave one was committed an attack

00:19:50

unprecedented in its

00:19:53

audacity, the commander of a German submarine, Yunn,

00:19:56

slipped onto a guarded bau,

00:20:01

guiding his submarine through an

00:20:09

anti-submarine with huge

00:20:11

millimeter

00:20:16

guns in icy waters, the rock sank to the bottom

00:20:19

in just 10 minutes, taking with him the lives of

00:20:22

more new

00:20:25

eks

00:20:27

from the

00:20:29

portholes in Britain, the death of the NRA became a

00:20:33

national tragedy even n chel

00:20:36

admitted that this attack was a

00:20:38

remarkable act of professional

00:20:40

skill and

00:20:43

fearlessness, sinking a warship with a

00:20:45

tiny submarine

00:20:47

can be called a valiant feat and it

00:20:50

can be used for propaganda

00:20:52

under the fighting

00:20:57

spirit of a national

00:20:59

hero in Berlin he was greeted by

00:21:02

enthusiastic crowds Hitler awarded him

00:21:05

one of Germany's highest awards, the

00:21:07

Knight's

00:21:09

Cross for Karla Dönitz this was

00:21:11

proof that submarines could

00:21:14

win

00:21:16

the war but it was an effective signal

00:21:19

to the British to counter the

00:21:22

German threat they used tactics

00:21:24

that had been successful against submarines in the

00:21:26

First World War Convoy

00:21:30

in convoy merchant ships are grouped in a

00:21:32

tight formation which is protected by an

00:21:34

armed

00:21:37

escort tactical advantages

00:21:40

huge, it is impossible to protect all the ships

00:21:43

sailing alone, but in a convoy a large

00:21:46

number of ships can be protected with the

00:21:48

help of a small number of

00:21:52

warships, hundreds of merchant ships began

00:21:54

to move in a

00:21:57

convoy, would be staffed not by military but by

00:21:59

civilian

00:22:04

sailors. Britain gathered these

00:22:06

civilian sailors from all four

00:22:08

corners of its

00:22:12

empire at sea all stick

00:22:17

together on our ship there were English and

00:22:20

Arabs then joined Crew from

00:22:23

India and

00:22:26

China

00:22:28

I joined the merchant navy because I

00:22:31

liked the romance of the

00:22:33

sea I thought it was important these sailors

00:22:36

Volunteers worked in all weather

00:22:38

conditions to deliver

00:22:40

vital cargo to Britain I saw how

00:22:43

the ship its stern rises to the crest of the wave

00:22:45

and the rotating propeller appears from the

00:22:48

water and then it collapses down and you

00:22:50

see only the water around you foam and

00:22:54

spray rise above the bow and freeze

00:22:56

on the keel

00:23:12

for Christmas this year the

00:23:14

convoy system began to operate submarines

00:23:17

sank 110 single ships But from

00:23:21

6,000 sailing in the convoy, their victims were

00:23:24

only

00:23:26

four

00:23:32

failures of the submarines, increasingly frustrating

00:23:35

the day, he was held back by one important

00:23:39

obstacle. He asked Hitler for 300

00:23:42

submarines, and received fewer.

00:23:52

attack with

00:23:55

all the submarines we have

00:23:58

[music]

00:24:00

there was one more obstacle in front of him.

00:24:03

Britain controlled both the

00:24:06

North Sea and

00:24:07

Laman. To reach the Atlantic, the

00:24:10

German submarine had to bypass

00:24:12

Britain from the North; for an extra week of the campaign

00:24:15

it

00:24:26

was significantly reduced

00:24:34

[music]

00:24:37

in the late spring of the fortieth year of the army

00:24:39

Hitler was hit in France

00:24:42

the British were forced to make a

00:24:44

humiliating retreat from

00:24:49

Dunkirk France

00:24:56

surrendered to the tion of the Armed Forces

00:24:59

of change at that moment the feeling that

00:25:02

the war could be contained

00:25:04

limited or simply ended

00:25:08

disappeared the war in Europe was out of

00:25:11

control for Nitz it was an incredible

00:25:16

opportunity the day after

00:25:18

After the surrender of France, he went to

00:25:20

Britain. On the French coast. Now

00:25:23

his submarines had direct access to the

00:25:25

Atlantic

00:25:26

Ocean. It became the most powerful force in the Atlantic

00:25:29

with ocean bases convenient for defense.

00:25:32

German submarines became almost a week

00:25:35

closer to the main trade routes of the

00:25:36

Atlantic. This significantly increased the

00:25:39

time of their voyages and efficiency. Dönitz

00:25:42

founded a base in Porto Lo Oriente and chose

00:25:45

for his headquarters an elegant villa overlooking

00:25:48

[music]

00:25:50

the harbor, construction began on powerful

00:25:53

docks built from concrete up to 7 m thick,

00:26:00

armored doors and gun

00:26:02

platforms made them fortresses where boats

00:26:05

could be repaired and

00:26:07

refueled for submarines stationed in these in the

00:26:09

huge concrete temples in the North

00:26:11

Atlantic there were no unattainable

00:26:16

goals and they had already received permission from

00:26:19

Berlin for an underwater war without

00:26:26

restrictions,

00:26:28

neither the weather nor the proximity of the

00:26:31

land matter to save anyone, the main thing for you is the

00:26:34

safety of the boat in this war, we

00:26:37

must be severe, the enemy started it so that

00:26:40

destroy us therefore nothing

00:26:48

matters [music] now not a single ship was in

00:26:53

[music]

00:26:56

safety

00:26:59

by 1940 when German

00:27:02

Luftwaffe planes destroyed British cities

00:27:05

some Parents decided to

00:27:07

send their children overseas for safety

00:27:09

I was 11 years old and my parents

00:27:13

decided to send me to America

00:27:15

because the war was approaching

00:27:18

[music]

00:27:22

England a year after the start of

00:27:26

the war, I was among 990 children

00:27:29

evacuated to Canada on

00:27:31

board the liner the city of

00:27:34

Binar when the convoy moved 8 hundred

00:27:38

kilometers northwest of Liverpool

00:27:40

The escort left them to meet

00:27:42

another convoy, believing that they had left the

00:27:44

range of German

00:27:47

submarines on the fifth night of the trip, the children

00:27:50

were told that they could not be afraid of anything

00:27:51

and sleep in pajamas and not in clothes and life

00:27:56

jackets.

00:27:58

We were a little nervous, but we were assured

00:28:00

that we were safe and could

00:28:08

relax at 10: 03 the city of Benard was

00:28:11

hit by a torpedo right under the cabins of the

00:28:16

children in the beginning of the House, the knee managed to

00:28:19

get to the lifeboats, we

00:28:22

stood there with all the children above in

00:28:25

their ticks nx with bears in their hands, not

00:28:28

understanding what would happen

00:28:35

[music]

00:28:37

then the city of Benard tilted heavily,

00:28:41

making the descent more difficult

00:28:43

lifeboats struck by a torpedo 450 km from

00:28:48

Rocco the ship was in an area previously

00:28:51

considered safe but now ships

00:28:54

throughout the Atlantic were within

00:28:55

reach of German submarines

00:28:58

on the French

00:29:00

coast one of the children on board

00:29:02

Colin Ryder Richardson found himself

00:29:04

floating in a sinking boat along with the

00:29:07

dead and

00:29:08

[ music]

00:29:10

dying we all tried to do what

00:29:12

seemed reasonable at that moment throw the

00:29:16

bodies out of the

00:29:18

boat after 20 hours spent on board

00:29:21

Colin was

00:29:26

CH on board died

00:29:31

77 this vision haunts me Not

00:29:34

a day has passed since I haven’t seen these

00:29:38

[music]

00:29:40

children I was one of those lucky people

00:29:43

who was lucky to survive thanks to a

00:29:45

life jacket. Before sending him to

00:29:48

evacuation, Colin's mother bought him

00:29:51

a life jacket. And in this pocket I had

00:29:53

a belt and a handkerchief of my

00:29:56

mother,

00:29:58

which I found just a few years ago

00:30:06

[music]

00:30:15

ago, the sinking of the city of Binar shocked

00:30:18

the world, the newspapers announced this is a war

00:30:22

crime But for the British fleet

00:30:24

it became an awareness of the terrible fact that

00:30:28

German submarines operating from their

00:30:30

bases in France could strike

00:30:32

deep into the Atlantic and hunt for

00:30:37

convoys The Battle of the Atlantic had entered its

00:30:39

deadliest

00:30:49

phase convoys guarded by warships

00:30:52

were not the best defense against attacks

00:30:54

submarines

00:30:57

Admiral Dönitz had to find a way to

00:30:59

overcome their tactical strength he

00:31:02

developed a daring strategy if it

00:31:04

worked it would destroy vital

00:31:07

communications The only thing that saved

00:31:09

Britain from

00:31:11

destruction he called his strategy a wolf pack

00:31:19

[music]

00:31:28

area of the Atlantic Ocean 77 million square

00:31:33

kilometers in the first part of his

00:31:35

strategy The day stretches its submarines

00:31:37

into long chains to sweep

00:31:41

the ocean, it was in constant

00:31:46

[music]

00:31:47

radio exchange

00:31:49

with the allies. They used an ingenious

00:31:52

coding device called

00:31:56

Enigma.

00:31:59

When we had many submarines gathered in the Atlantic,

00:32:03

we received an order from the command that

00:32:07

when a

00:32:10

convoy was detected, we were to report it.

00:32:12

to the

00:32:14

base and refrain from

00:32:22

attacking, you can imagine a pack of

00:32:24

submarines as a pack of Wolves and on a radio

00:32:29

leash, each submarine had to

00:32:31

leave a report every day

00:32:33

because the one who tracked

00:32:36

them and gave them instructions at the headquarters of the

00:32:38

submarine fleet had to know where

00:32:41

they

00:32:46

were when the day gave the order the

00:32:49

submarines were supposed to attack, but not

00:32:51

from under the water, but from the surface where they are

00:32:53

faster and more maneuverable and where they cannot be

00:32:56

detected, the

00:33:01

final touch is to attack at night when their

00:33:04

small silhouette is almost impossible to notice

00:33:07

[music]

00:33:12

Denis strategy was

00:33:15

tested when convoy sc7 began its

00:33:18

seventeen-day journey from Canada to

00:33:21

England 35 ships were loaded with steel

00:33:25

and timber

00:33:28

but many of the convoy ships were

00:33:29

old and slow and the

00:33:32

Royal Navy's resources were so limited that

00:33:34

only one escort ship was present - an

00:33:37

ideal target for the

00:33:40

wolf

00:33:45

pack. 11 days later two more

00:33:48

escort ships joined the convoy at

00:33:51

northwest coast of Ireland the most

00:33:53

dangerous part of

00:33:55

the journey 48 discovered

00:34:00

the convoy she conveyed his position

00:34:05

prostrate the day he ordered those waiting under the boats to

00:34:08

approach the convoy They approached

00:34:10

after 2 days A wolf pack of five German

00:34:14

submarines rushed at the

00:34:17

victim on board the lead ship of the convoy

00:34:25

there were submarines they could see the silhouettes of the

00:34:28

ships It was then -that’s when they

00:34:48

attacked, the attack was led by the underwater AS Otta

00:34:52

Kretschmer, he sank four

00:34:54

million tons of ships. His nickname was the king of

00:35:02

tanja. Escort acted at the limit of his

00:35:04

mental abilities constantly Launching

00:35:07

flares to calm

00:35:09

himself and

00:35:10

[music]

00:35:11

others, not that this helped much

00:35:14

in the bright moonlight

00:35:19

light, usually submarine commanders

00:35:21

tried to stand in front of the convoy, which

00:35:24

allowed them to get closer to it;

00:35:27

the best and most experienced German

00:35:29

submariners preferred to climb inside the

00:35:31

convoy itself and shoot from there. Close

00:35:34

combat is not for the faint of

00:35:38

heart; only flashes and sounds of

00:35:40

torpedoes

00:35:42

hit

00:35:46

[music]

00:35:52

explosions of the u-101 were visible sank Charles's ship

00:36:00

[music]

00:36:01

[applause]

00:36:08

I was thrown onto the

00:36:11

[music]

00:36:14

bulkhead I saw a lot of people

00:36:16

obviously

00:36:18

dead. That's when I started to think that

00:36:22

things were

00:36:25

rubbish

00:36:28

at my base in Lórien. The day I followed what was

00:36:30

happening on radio messages

00:36:32

coming live from the submarine commanders

00:36:38

big some of the submarines stopped attacking

00:36:41

When they ran out of

00:36:44

torpedoes, about 20 ships were sunk in just one night,

00:36:47

more than half of the convoy

00:36:51

ships of the convoy had instructions not to

00:36:53

pick up

00:36:54

survivors, so is it possible to become an easy target

00:36:58

[music]

00:37:00

hundreds of sailors from merchant ships

00:37:03

fought for their lives in the waters of the North

00:37:06

Atlantic without a doubt, the Merchant Navy was the

00:37:08

lifeline that saved the country and

00:37:11

this thread could not be allowed to be broken,

00:37:13

so at any cost it was necessary to save the

00:37:15

ships and their cargo, people in the water had to

00:37:19

save themselves, convoy C7 lost a

00:37:22

hundred civilian

00:37:25

sailors,

00:37:29

80,000 tons of cargo were lost, this

00:37:31

was the most terrible attack for the entire

00:37:33

Atlantic

00:37:36

company for days it was the Great Victory that

00:37:39

proved that wolf pack tactics

00:37:42

[music]

00:37:44

worked after the ship sank

00:37:47

Charles Gonzales spent a long night in

00:37:49

cold water before he was

00:37:52

picked up Before

00:37:53

today, the

00:37:55

bark more for their protection was a

00:37:58

certain amount of self-confidence How

00:38:01

could send one Destroyer to

00:38:03

protect a convoy of 35

00:38:07

ships

00:38:11

[music]

00:38:14

unclear convoys desperately needed

00:38:17

stronger escorts to protect against

00:38:19

German U-boat attacks

00:38:22

British Prime Minister Unn Churchill

00:38:25

asked US President Franklin De Roosevelt

00:38:28

for help but Roosevelt could

00:38:31

do nothing this year America had

00:38:33

elections, he knew that the Americans did not want

00:38:37

war, after one year of war, all that

00:38:40

Roosevelt could offer was 50

00:38:42

destroyers from the First

00:38:44

World War, these obsolete ships were

00:38:46

ill-prepared to cross the waters of the

00:38:48

North Atlantic, let alone

00:38:50

repel the attacks of the German underwater wolf

00:38:52

packs, six destroyers were transferred to Canada

00:38:56

despite their shortcomings, they could have

00:38:58

become a long-awaited

00:39:01

replenishment in the year thirty-nine,

00:39:04

we had six destroyers, four minesweepers,

00:39:06

and almost

00:39:08

all of the destroyers of the Canadian fleet were

00:39:11

completely

00:39:12

obsolete; the ships that we received

00:39:14

from the Royal Navy were, frankly speaking,

00:39:16

second-hand,

00:39:18

used; the Canadians did not have enough

00:39:21

only the ships they needed sailors to

00:39:23

staff them, it often happened that on

00:39:25

board a ship, be it a Destroyer or a

00:39:28

Corvette, when going out on a campaign there were many

00:39:32

who had never seen the sea in their lives,

00:39:38

the need for sailors was very

00:39:41

high, many recruits had experience

00:39:44

working only on

00:39:47

land, a large number sailors

00:39:49

came from the prairies they had never been

00:39:51

to sea they had never seen it they said

00:39:53

that the wheat field looked like Oke like

00:39:56

that the unpreparedness of the arsines of the

00:39:59

Royal Canadian Navy did not

00:40:01

go unnoticed by the

00:40:03

British the British perceived the arsines as a

00:40:05

clumsy and inept

00:40:07

force the Canadian fleet was usually called by the

00:40:09

British as the royal

00:40:11

clashing fleet or royal

00:40:19

fleet collided the royal canadian navy

00:40:22

needed a thorough

00:40:25

re-equipment was going to play its

00:40:27

part in the war against the german

00:40:31

submarines canada undertakes an extensive

00:40:33

development program to provide

00:40:35

escorts for the atlantic convoys

00:40:37

delivering vital supplies to britain

00:40:39

there was only one type of ship

00:40:42

that could be built

00:40:44

quickly enough and in large quantities it

00:40:50

Corvette Anyone who can bend steel and

00:40:53

install rivets could build a Corvette,

00:40:56

the idea was not complicated, there was a technology, a

00:40:58

simple design that could be

00:41:01

produced in large quantities and did not

00:41:05

require specialized shipyards for its construction; specialists,

00:41:08

well-trained marine engineers were not needed to

00:41:10

launch it after launching

00:41:12

Churchill called corvettes cheap and

00:41:16

nasty cheap to manufacture and

00:41:18

unpleasant for

00:41:20

submarines corvettes were equipped with a millimeter

00:41:23

on the bow and two guides of bombs

00:41:27

on the stern these strong ships were originally

00:41:30

developed for hunting whales their

00:41:32

proven steam engines were

00:41:34

good in short sprints which was also

00:41:37

very useful in the fight against submarines But

00:41:39

their basic old-fashioned design

00:41:41

had its drawbacks the original

00:41:44

purpose of the corvettes was rather

00:41:46

modest they were supposed to be jacks

00:41:48

of all trades off the coast no one

00:41:51

imagined that these ships would bear the

00:41:53

burden of service in the North

00:41:55

Atlantic

00:41:56

on the rough open seas it was the crew of

00:41:59

these ships who had to take upon themselves all

00:42:01

the inadequacy of the corvettes, the bridge was a

00:42:04

completely open ship, like one

00:42:06

open in the bathtub, water poured in,

00:42:09

rolled over the bow from the sky, rain poured down on us

00:42:15

when the corvettes went out to the open

00:42:18

sea, their crews understood that the weather

00:42:22

conditions were too difficult for

00:42:25

them,

00:42:30

people were constantly wet, slept in

00:42:32

wet clothes, worked in wet clothes

00:42:34

it was cold and often very scary.

00:42:37

But at that moment, corvettes were the main

00:42:39

hope in defeating Nazi

00:42:41

submarines and soon they entered into battle with

00:42:44

wolf packs in the

00:42:48

Atlantic. Peter [ __ ] was in the convoy that was the

00:42:51

first to enter into a decisive battle with

00:42:53

German

00:42:55

submarines for destroying the submarine

00:42:57

required the participation of two ships, one

00:43:00

had to stay to the side and

00:43:01

scan the water column of the sanar while the

00:43:04

other dropped depth

00:43:06

charges, usually we started searching,

00:43:09

carried out scanning Edik. In search of

00:43:14

Echo, we tried to provide support to the convoy

00:43:17

that was attacked by the corvettes

00:43:19

Chambly and Mus discovered a German

00:43:25

submarine depth

00:43:28

charges at 501 surfaced upon

00:43:32

noticing the submarine, the husband

00:43:35

changed course to ram

00:43:39

it, a very precise move followed, Moose Joe

00:43:43

simply pierced the submarine and when the Corvette

00:43:46

and the boat caught up, the German Captain

00:43:48

jumped from the superstructure of the boat to the bow

00:43:51

superstructure of the

00:43:52

corvette and then the ships managed to

00:43:55

separate, the

00:43:56

submariners regained control of the boat and a

00:43:58

small ensuing ensued. the chase until

00:44:00

finally the submarine was attacked again

00:44:03

and

00:44:08

sank, the commander of the submarine and the surviving

00:44:10

crew members of 501 were taken

00:44:13

prisoner. But the corvettes could no longer

00:44:16

remain a temporary

00:44:18

solution in the fall of that year, wolf packs

00:44:21

mercilessly sank convoy ships,

00:44:26

the situation was critical,

00:44:29

food supplies to England fell to their

00:44:31

lowest point. level since the beginning of

00:44:34

the war, only the heroic self-sacrifice of the

00:44:36

Volunteer sailors saved Britain from

00:44:39

defeat 3:0 submarine conducting an echo

00:44:44

search some crews on their first

00:44:46

ship spent several days at sea

00:44:49

and were sunk because these were the first

00:44:52

days of their

00:44:54

service to the seas of the merchant fleet than to fight

00:44:58

in any branch of the military Britain or

00:45:02

[music]

00:45:04

Canada it seemed like you're not afraid that this

00:45:07

will happen to you, it will happen to this

00:45:09

guy with this or he with that and it will never

00:45:12

happen to

00:45:14

you you can't be afraid all the time You just

00:45:17

hope that others will be in the water and

00:45:19

not you that you will survive that’s how if there is

00:45:24

a war going on you don’t think that you will lose you need

00:45:27

to think that you will win the

00:45:29

final number of casualties among

00:45:32

merchant marine sailors in the Battle of the Atlantic

00:45:34

reached more than 30,000

00:45:37

people if civilian sailors did not

00:45:40

go to sea the ships would stop

00:45:42

sailing and everything would fall apart

00:45:45

this is a wonderful story they

00:45:47

unknown heroes of the war in the Atlantic,

00:45:50

the strategy of the wolf hundred and days was a

00:45:52

stunning

00:45:53

success gitr was UZD need to create

00:45:56

more submarines

00:45:58

receiving the promised 29 submarines per month

00:46:02

day even more began to believe that he could

00:46:04

win this war for

00:46:07

[music]

00:46:09

Germany for Winston Church the situation

00:46:12

was

00:46:13

depressing Hitler's submarines almost

00:46:15

forced Britain to surrender due to

00:46:19

starvation, what awaited us when our

00:46:23

merchant ships were

00:46:24

lost,

00:46:30

the British needed to find

00:46:32

countermeasures to destroy the wolf packs of

00:46:34

German submarines or admit certain

00:46:37

defeat. But soon they had a

00:46:39

new technology, a new secret weapon,

00:46:42

and they hoped that it would cope with the

00:46:45

task of the program. voiced by arct studio

00:46:48

text read by Alexander

00:46:50

[music]

00:46:54

Gavri

00:46:58

H

Description:

Документально-исторический проект "Конвой: Битва за Атлантику" совместного производства Америки и Великобритании. На просторах Атлантического океана развернулось одно из ключевых сражений во Второй Мировой. Успех операции напрямую зависел от торговых кораблей. Германские субмарины были призваны нарушить систему обеспечения европейских армий. Немецкие подлодки превратили воды Атлантического океана в горящее пламя… Всего в документальном мини-сериале вышло 4 серии. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Наш сайт: http://silenthunter5.tk ВКонтакте: https://vk.com/silenthunter_5 Одноклассники: https://ok.ru/group/57800779956265 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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