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Video tags
Subtitles
Russian
00:00:00
[music]00:00:05
Hello My name is Stanislav Zuko I00:00:08
am a trainer consultant at the training00:00:11
center p Bionic systematics I am glad to00:00:14
welcome you to the information video00:00:16
portal00:00:18
itvdn in this video lesson we are starting a00:00:21
series of classes on the course SQL workshop What is00:00:24
this course the course00:00:27
is intended for programmers00:00:30
who have already mastered the theoretical00:00:32
the basics of the SQL language, namely such an00:00:35
extension as SQL proposed by00:00:39
Microsoft in this course. We will not00:00:42
create any final product, we00:00:44
will also have assumptions, we will create a00:00:47
database of an00:00:49
online store that00:00:51
will fully maintain the integrity of00:00:54
information also a significant part of00:00:56
the time we will devote time to working with data,00:00:59
that is, presenting them in a consolidated,00:01:02
generalized, easy-to-read00:01:05
form. In the course materials, you will find00:01:08
five folders corresponding to each00:01:11
lesson in each folder you will find three00:01:14
files, an assignment file, a file with answers and a00:01:18
file with additional information00:01:20
that you will also need in the00:01:22
process completing the00:01:24
tasks in the first video lesson, we will create a00:01:28
database, define and create tables00:01:31
in the database and begin to ensure the00:01:35
integrity of the information in our00:01:37
database, create keys, create connections,00:01:41
provide00:01:43
constraint links at the end of the lesson, we will00:01:47
fill the table with00:01:49
data, now return to the management00:01:51
studio and begin completing our00:01:55
tasks in first task We need to00:01:58
create a database for the00:02:02
online store Create00:02:09
Database with the name Internet shop db and00:02:14
we will also00:02:16
set the00:02:20
sorting settings, execute from the ninth to00:02:23
eleventh lines and see that our00:02:26
database has been successfully created. Let's00:02:29
update the databases folder in object Explorer00:02:33
and now we see in it database ine00:02:38
Shop00:02:39
db move on to the second task In the second00:02:42
task We need to create00:02:46
tables to complete this task00:02:49
let's turn to the additional00:02:51
file Here you will find two figures: a00:02:54
diagram of tables and Figure 2 creating00:02:58
tables in the database design process00:03:01
You must determine What data00:03:04
you will store in database of which00:03:07
entities they will be part of and what00:03:09
entities you will have in general. Let’s say we have00:03:12
already analyzed the business processes00:03:14
that are in our store and00:03:17
determined the following set of00:03:19
tables, we will have a table of00:03:22
employees that we will store ID00:03:25
surname first name patronymic of the employee00:03:27
position salary and00:03:30
additional bonus information about the employee00:03:32
We00:03:35
will put information about marital00:03:37
status, date of birth, address and00:03:41
telephone number into the emplo info table. We will also have a table of00:03:44
buyers in which we will store the00:03:46
buyer's ID, surname, middle name, address,00:03:49
city, phone number and date of registration in the00:03:54
system. The next entity is00:03:58
products00:04:00
in the main table of products we will00:04:02
store only the name of the products00:04:05
we will store the entire description in the00:04:07
product00:04:08
details table here we make an assumption and in the00:04:11
description field we store the entire description of the00:04:14
product of course in real life it00:04:16
would be necessary to split the product description00:04:19
into more fields for an00:04:22
example we brought out Only the00:04:25
color field to the products table, we00:04:28
will also define a warehouse00:04:30
inventory table in which we will store the00:04:33
current balances of goods in the warehouse,00:04:38
quantity fields, now we just need to create the00:04:41
orders and orders details tables in the00:04:44
orders table, we will store00:04:46
information about the orders themselves in the00:04:50
Order table details00:04:52
information about orders will be revealed, that is, in the00:04:54
orders table we will contain the order ID of00:04:58
who placed the order and what date the00:05:03
order was in the Order details table we00:05:06
will store Which product In what00:05:09
quantity at what00:05:11
price We will also have a calculated00:05:15
column here in In the second figure you will find00:05:19
information about what data types00:05:21
your fields should be and whether they support or do not00:05:24
support00:05:26
the purpose, but before that I recommend that00:05:30
you think about defining the data types and whether00:05:35
certain00:05:37
fields of our00:05:40
tables support or do not support the value. I will also add a few words about the00:05:44
value of the Microsoft documentation, it00:05:47
is recommended to avoid nal values00:05:49
since they complicate the execution of00:05:51
queries and00:05:54
update procedures, on the other hand, if we00:05:56
put a field in we name some00:06:00
data there, in this case we can always00:06:03
use the default00:06:06
values. I00:06:09
set the permission to nal values for00:06:12
those fields that may be00:06:14
unknown to us. During the initial entry information00:06:18
That is, for employees, for example, this field is00:06:21
Middle name and PR00:06:24
sary; for00:06:27
buyers, we allow cash values for all fields00:06:30
except IDIN, since00:06:32
the user can register but00:06:35
not enter any of his00:06:38
data. Now let's go back to the code and00:06:42
write the code for creating00:06:45
tables before creating tables.00:06:48
in our database Internet00:06:51
shop00:06:53
db we will create a table00:06:58
customers00:07:01
Create Table customers and then00:07:04
our fields will go I00:07:06
recommend naming the tables and fields in00:07:09
the tables identical to the names that00:07:12
you see in the video lesson To avoid00:07:15
confusion since00:07:17
we will use the database created in the First lesson00:07:19
throughout the00:07:22
course and in this table we will have00:07:25
the following fields00:07:28
ID00:07:34
not00:07:37
identity All the dishes we will00:07:40
auto-increment we will have them00:07:43
automatically generated for this00:07:45
we indicate the keyword00:07:48
identity of course in real life the00:07:51
dishes you have are00:07:53
generics in another00:07:56
way the next field F will be like00:08:01
nvarchar for 2000:08:03
[music]00:08:05
characters And to support cash00:08:10
values we will specify the same properties for00:08:13
the fields00:08:17
MN Last00:08:24
name address we will make for 5000:08:28
characters00:08:36
city for phone we use the00:08:40
data type Char for 12 characters since our00:08:44
phone00:08:45
will consist of a constant length of 1200:08:52
characters and00:08:56
type and here we will indicate the knowledge00:09:04
Get we will take the current00:09:13
date we will execute the code from whose to the twenty-00:09:16
fourth line and We have created the first00:09:19
table in our database let's00:09:23
check it We turn to the folder of our databases00:09:28
given the table00:09:33
customers the next table of00:09:39
employees here we will also have ID00:09:43
identity F Mid type for 2000:09:49
characters00:09:51
position salary and bonus type but00:09:54
here for some fields we have indicated00:09:58
as When we00:10:00
fill out this table we will already have00:10:03
information about our employees on hand the00:10:06
following table employees00:10:12
info here the continuation of00:10:15
information about our00:10:17
employees marital status date is stored00:10:20
birth address and00:10:24
telephone number, then we create a table of00:10:28
products00:10:31
ID and00:10:41
name the next00:10:43
table product00:10:48
details ID we took out the color from the description and00:10:52
the description of the type Ma since we will00:10:58
store a large amount of00:11:01
information here the warehouse00:11:11
inventory table which we will00:11:14
store current balances in the warehouse and by00:11:17
default will be take the value00:11:21
zero field type and If we had00:11:25
some kind of weight product, of course we would00:11:28
use a different data type, but we00:11:32
will have a piece product. Therefore, the int00:11:34
type is suitable for us. The00:11:36
last two00:11:39
tables are tables storing information about00:11:42
orders, this is the orders and orders00:11:57
details table in the ord table, the Order Date field00:12:01
will by default store the current00:12:07
date in the Order details table, we will have a00:12:10
calculated Total Price column. I am00:12:13
inclined to not00:12:15
store calculated Columns in database tables.00:12:18
But for the example, we will create it here00:12:20
and a calculated column as a00:12:23
result multiplying the quantity by00:12:27
the price,00:12:33
we will update the tables folder and see all of our00:12:36
eight00:12:39
tables. On this we00:12:42
have completed the second task, we move on to the third task in the00:12:46
third task. We need to00:12:47
establish connections between the tables, and we also00:12:50
need to provide00:12:52
conditions for referential00:12:54
integrity. Let's return to the figure about00:12:58
and again. we have tables and00:13:02
what connections should be between them, the00:13:04
impe info table will be00:13:08
connected as one to one, we just00:13:11
put additional information in a00:13:13
separate table The same applies to the00:13:16
tables products and product details00:13:20
products And their sts relationship will be00:13:23
one to one and they will store00:13:27
information about the00:13:30
product; these tables will be linked by00:13:33
fields00:13:34
ID and ID product00:13:38
ID; the00:13:41
orders table stores two fields such as00:13:44
cer and employe00:13:47
ID; by these fields we will link to the00:13:50
corresponding tables;00:13:53
customers; the00:13:56
Order table will be linked by ID to the00:14:00
orders table; ID and by the product ID field with the00:14:04
products table by the00:14:06
ID field Let's return to the management studio And start00:14:10
performing the third00:14:12
task in order to establish connections00:14:14
between the tables, we need to set00:14:17
primary and foreign00:14:19
keys Let's change the00:14:23
custom table00:14:29
and add a primary00:14:34
key to the00:14:42
ID field Let's do this one hundredth 103 rows and00:14:47
on the customers table on the ID field we00:14:50
will create a primary00:14:53
key in the same way. We need to create a00:14:56
primary key on the ID field of the00:15:03
employees table. Now let’s move on to the00:15:06
employees00:15:07
info table. The employees table and employees info are00:15:11
linked one to one and To ensure00:15:14
this type of connection, we00:15:18
need to ensure uniqueness of the00:15:21
ID field in the employees info table, that is, we00:15:25
will change the00:15:30
employees00:15:34
info table and add a Unique constraint to the00:15:41
ID field. Now we can link the00:15:44
employees and emplo info tables. To do this, we will again00:15:47
change the00:15:51
emplo00:15:55
info table and00:15:57
add a00:16:01
foreign00:16:06
key to the00:16:10
ID field that will refer to the00:16:16
employees table. the parent table00:16:23
employees also on the ID field, in this case00:16:30
we00:16:32
must provide00:16:43
a reference; we will not set conditions for00:16:46
on update; this is our next00:16:49
assumption; we will not update data in00:16:52
our IDIN tables and set conditions00:16:57
for Delete when deleting from a record from the00:17:02
parent table employees. We will00:17:04
cascade00:17:05
delete records from the emplo info table Well,00:17:09
we really don’t need00:17:12
to store information in the impl info table00:17:15
about a non-existent, unclear00:17:19
employee. Let’s execute the codes for00:17:23
creating keys and00:17:27
restrictions00:17:29
and now move on to the00:17:33
products table. First, we’ll also set the primary00:17:37
key on the product ID field.00:17:44
I’ll change00:17:48
the name of the table by copying the original00:17:53
code. and on the ID field of the prods tables we hang00:17:58
and execute the code from lines 121 to 124,00:18:06
now we will change the product00:18:12
details tables, the product and product00:18:15
details table are connected one to one and To00:18:19
ensure this type of connection, we00:18:23
set UN conditions on the ID field of the00:18:26
product details tables from the00:18:31
employees table And now we can connect the00:18:34
products and products details tables,00:18:37
we change the product details table again00:18:40
and in the ID field of the product00:18:44
details table we hang a foreign key that00:18:47
will refer to the products table in the00:18:50
ID field. In this case, when we delete a record from the00:18:54
products table, we will cascade delete00:18:57
records from the product table00:19:01
details the following warehouse00:19:05
inventory table, similar to the previous00:19:08
examples. We also set up a one-to-00:19:11
one relationship, put UN on the product ID field of the00:19:15
stocks table and00:19:18
link the stocks table, put a foreign00:19:21
key on the product ID field, which will00:19:24
refer to the products table, ID field and00:19:28
also on Delete cascad00:19:32
conditions now we will change the00:19:37
orders table we will set the primary key to the00:19:43
ID field in the orders table We have two fields00:19:47
customer ID and employees ID by these fields00:19:51
we must contact the parent00:19:53
tables customers and00:19:57
employees00:20:03
in the code on 153,157 lines we connect the00:20:09
orders table with the customers table00:20:12
we set a foreign key on the customer ID field00:20:15
which will refer to the00:20:17
customers table on the ID field. In this case, when00:20:20
deleting a record from the parent table00:20:24
customers in orders, we have no orders,00:20:28
we just won’t know00:20:30
which customer made the order, that is,00:20:33
the field will be set to using the00:20:37
same logic we We attach a foreign00:20:41
key to the empe ID field for connection with the00:20:46
parent table emplo. When deleting00:20:49
an employee, we will not know which00:20:52
employee issued this00:20:57
order. Our order will remain and the information will not be00:21:01
deleted. We will not00:21:06
lose the following table, Order00:21:11
details. Here we do not have a column that00:21:14
would would uniquely identify the record,00:21:17
so we set a composite primary00:21:19
key using the Order ID and line item fields,00:21:29
also using the Order ID field, we must00:21:32
contact the parent table orders,00:21:35
for this we will set a foreign key on the Order ID field of the00:21:38
Order details table,00:21:41
you see the code from line 170 to line 174 the00:21:47
foreign key will refer to the00:21:50
orders table on the ID field and when deleting an order00:21:54
record from the orders table, we will delete the00:21:58
records from the Order00:22:07
details table. And the last thing we need00:22:10
to do is add a foreign key to the00:22:13
product ID field of the Order details tables to00:22:16
connect with the parent table products00:22:20
by00:22:21
ID field in this case, when deleting a product, our00:22:26
orders will not be lost, we will not know00:22:28
which product was purchased, but information about the00:22:31
quantity, price and other information00:22:34
We will also retain, looking ahead,00:22:37
I will say that we will slightly00:22:40
redefine and00:22:42
tighten the00:22:44
rules for deleting products, we will00:22:47
do this in the next lesson using00:22:53
triggers, we will execute the code from lines 176 to 180,00:22:57
and with that we have completed the third00:23:01
task; we move on to the fourth task in00:23:05
which we need to create00:23:06
custom00:23:09
restrictions; the first restriction will be on the00:23:12
correctness of entering the phone number;00:23:18
we will change the00:23:24
customers table and add restrictions00:23:30
on the background00:23:35
phone field so00:23:37
that our the phone matched00:23:41
the following00:23:46
pattern, we must first have an00:23:50
opening bracket, then three00:23:56
digits, a closing bracket, and then seven more00:24:08
digits by executing the code from lines 190 to 193.00:24:12
We have created a custom constraint00:24:15
on the background field of the customers table;00:24:19
we also have a background field in the00:24:22
employees00:24:25
info table; let's set a custom00:24:27
constraint and in this table on the00:24:40
background field in the second constraint we must00:24:44
provide the logic according to which00:24:47
candidates00:24:50
aged from 18 to 5000:24:55
years can be hired in our store. The age of our employees is stored in the00:24:59
B Date field of the employees info table,00:25:03
so we change the emplo00:25:08
IO table and set the00:25:11
following00:25:13
constraint00:25:15
field bos00:25:20
Date must00:25:22
be in the following00:25:26
interval.00:25:37
Thus,00:25:39
we have created a condition under00:25:43
which our date of birth must00:25:46
be in the range 50 years ago to00:25:50
18 years00:25:53
ago, we execute the code line by00:25:58
line and we have00:26:01
completed the second00:26:03
task of user00:26:06
restrictions in the third task. We00:26:08
need to create a restriction according to00:26:10
which orders can be recorded from the00:26:13
day the store opened and Until today,00:26:18
let's agree here that the day the00:26:21
store opened was 90 days00:26:26
ago00:26:28
to set this restriction. We00:26:32
need to00:26:33
change the00:26:36
orders table so that the Order Date00:26:41
is less than or equal to the current date and00:26:45
greater than or equal to the date ninety days ago.00:26:49
Then is when we opened00:26:51
the store 90 days ago00:27:01
in the fourth constraint00:27:03
we must enter data into the00:27:07
marital status column only the words Married Single Married00:27:10
Single we change the00:27:14
employees00:27:16
info table and set restrictions on the00:27:20
marital status field so that it00:27:23
contains any of the values00:27:26
presented00:27:28
in brackets Married Single Married not00:27:38
married Next we need to create a00:27:40
restriction according to which a client00:27:43
can be registered in the system00:27:45
from the day it was opened until today, well,00:27:48
this task is similar to the third. Now we00:27:52
must change the00:27:56
customers table and the Date in System field that00:28:01
stores the registration date in the system must00:28:04
have in our range more than 90 days00:28:08
ago the store opening date00:28:11
and less than or equal to the current00:28:20
date00:28:21
the following task We need to create a00:28:24
constraint according to which the bonus00:28:27
cannot be equal to or be greater than the00:28:30
salary; the bonus and salary are00:28:32
stored in the00:28:35
employees table, change the00:28:38
employees table and we set a00:28:41
restriction so that the bonus00:28:44
is less than the00:28:50
salary.00:28:52
And our last00:28:55
restriction is fulfilled. According to this, the balance of00:28:58
goods in the warehouse cannot be00:29:01
negative. The balance of goods in the warehouse00:29:03
is stored in the00:29:05
stoks table. We change the00:29:08
stocks table and set restrictions so that the00:29:12
quantity field is greater than or equal to00:29:19
zero. We're done here. completing the00:29:22
fourth task, we move on to00:29:24
completing the fifth task in the fifth00:29:27
task We need to fill the tables with00:29:30
data. Here you already see the code that00:29:34
you only need to00:29:38
execute. If you correctly named the00:29:41
tables, the fields in the tables00:29:45
created the tables correctly, then by executing the code from00:29:53
lines 232 to 384, your tables will be filled correctly With00:30:01
the data in the00:30:04
orders table and the00:30:09
customers tables, we00:30:12
artificially entered00:30:15
dates in this way in order to00:30:17
model the training base and so that it00:30:21
was always up to date. That is, we00:30:24
will always have the date there 85 ago 4500:30:28
Thus, we will fit into 300:30:34
months. Now let's make selections00:30:38
from all00:30:42
tables and see what data we00:30:45
have entered in our table, the first table is the00:30:49
customers table, here we00:30:52
will have 11 customers, the next00:30:57
employee table, we will have six00:31:00
employees, then the00:31:04
goods table, we will initially have00:31:07
eight goods, here are our three Tables with00:31:11
the name of the product with the remaining goods in the00:31:18
warehouse and a table with a description of the product.00:31:23
Here you see data on orders. We00:31:27
will initially have 24 orders00:31:30
distributed over all 300:31:35
months. Some orders were placed by the buyer00:31:39
independently; the rest of the orders00:31:42
were placed with the help of00:31:48
employees and the latest data is from a00:31:51
table of order details in some order there00:31:56
was one item purchased in some00:32:00
two and thus all our 24 orders00:32:04
represent details about the products00:32:08
quantity price at which the00:32:11
goods were purchased and finally you00:32:15
need to build a table diagram00:32:18
for this in the Database diagrams folder We00:32:21
select Database diagram select all00:32:25
our tables00:32:31
In In the end, we got this00:32:35
table diagram. Let's summarize today's00:32:38
lesson. We created a database,00:32:41
defined tables, and began to00:32:44
ensure the integrity of information in00:32:46
our database. Data00:32:48
integrity, we ensured the integrity of00:32:52
entities, entity integrity, that is, we00:32:55
set primary keys on the table fields00:32:58
on the ID and fields. for child tables00:33:02
that are related to the parent tables one-00:33:06
to-one, we set a UN constraint. To00:33:10
ensure this type of00:33:13
connection, we also00:33:15
set00:33:22
referential00:33:25
integrity00:33:28
by setting default values for some fields00:33:32
and setting SEV user00:33:37
restrictions. In the next lesson, we00:33:40
will continue to ensure the integrity of00:33:43
information in our database, this will be00:33:47
ours. User define integrity using00:33:50
triggers we will set additional00:33:53
business00:33:54
logic, this is the end of today's lesson00:33:58
Thank you for your attention and see you again00:34:01
[music]Description:
Промокод на скидку 15% на все курсы ITVDN- H94BCAB Полный видеокурс: https://itvdn.com/ru/video/sql-workshop В данном видео уроке рассматривается процесс создания базы данных с помощью Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio. Благодарим всех за лайки, перепосты, добавление в избранное! https://itvdn.com/ – видеопортал по обучению технологиям Microsoft. А также подписывайтесь на нас в социальных сетях: https://vk.com/itvdn https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser https://twitter.com/ITVDN/media?lang=ru https://www.linkedin.com/company/6387... https://workspaceupdates.googleblog.com/2023/04/new-community-features-for-google-chat-and-an-update-currents%20.html Свои предложения присылайте на почту: [email protected]
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