Download "Snowy Rock Shader - Advanced Materials - Episode 4"

"videoThumbnail Snowy Rock Shader - Advanced Materials - Episode 4

1:55

Rock Base Sub Graph

9:48

Snow Sub Graph

11:37

Snow Normal

15:40

Calculation of the Sparkles on the Snow

16:39

Snow Mask Subgraph

23:43

Unreal

25:22

Rock Base

27:50

Material Function

28:39

Input Node

29:03

Use Preview Value as Default

32:33

Snow Material Function

34:11

Normals

35:58

Emissive

36:40

Snow Mask

42:07

Snow Shader

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today we're making a snowy Rock Shader

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in unreal and unity let's go

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so last week we created a nice rock

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Shader with detail normals

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and the week before that we created a

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snow Shader So today we're going to

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combine the two shaders and create a

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rock Shader with snow on it

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we'll do it in unity first and then

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we'll switch over to Unreal and do the

00:00:30

same thing there

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before we get to the snow the first

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thing I want to do is show you how we

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can improve our Rock Shader to make it a

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bit more modular if we look at the

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Shader as it is now we can see that

00:00:43

getting a little bit complicated

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we're going to add snow to this today

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and we may want to add additional

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features in the future but as it is now

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this Shader is going to be hard to work

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with so what we're going to do is split this

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Shader up and make a couple of sub

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graphs to simplify the organization

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here at the top of the Shader

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we're sampling our color texture and it

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has the smoothness in the alpha Channel

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and we're sampling our normal and it has

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the ambient occlusion in the blue

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Channel

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this is the first section that we're

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going to be able to make into a sub

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graph

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and then here at the bottom we're

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basically doing the same thing two times

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we're sampling our macro detail normal

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and we're sampling our micro detail

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normal

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so we can make one subgraph that does

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this and then just pass it different

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textures

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so basically we can break down our

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Shader into uh Base Rock base

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and a detail normal and then use the

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detail normal sub graph twice

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so first let's take a look at the Rock

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base sub graph

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so in unity I create a subgraph by right

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clicking down here and pick create

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Shader graph sub graph

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and then inside this subgraph I can

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Define my outputs over here using the

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graph inspector

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so you can see in the inspector here

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I've created a color normal smoothness

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UVS and AO slot okay so you can see my

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color is a vector 3 normal to Vector 3.

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smoothness is a float my UVS are Vector

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2 and my AO is a float

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and then I can also Define inputs for my

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subgraph using the Blackboard so here's

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my Blackboard and you can see that I've

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defined two texture inputs here my CS

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texture which is for color and

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smoothness and my N A texture which is

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for normal and ambient occlusion so I've

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got my color in RGB and smoothness in

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the alpha

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and then for my normal texture I have

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the normal in the red and green channels

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and then my ambient occlusion in the

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blue Channel

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so you can see here I'm unpacking the

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texture I use a swizzle to just isolate

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the red green and blue channels and then

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I pass that out as color

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and then I'm passing out my Alpha

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channel here as the smoothness

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now for the normal I'm not storing my

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normal map as a normal compressed

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texture and so what I need to do because

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of that and you can see here I've got my

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type set to default instead of normal

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and the reason that I'm doing that is

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because I want to store this extra data

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here in the blue Channel

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so I've got this set to default and what

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that means is I need to manually unpack

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and this is expanding my Vector from the

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zero to one range to the negative one to

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one range

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and then I need to reconstruct the Z

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component using the normal reconstruct

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node

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so I'm passing my normal data into the

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normal unpack and then reconstructing

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that normal using the normal reconstruct

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Z node then I can pass that out as my

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normal

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and then I can also pass out my blue

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channel here as my ambient occlusion now

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the last thing that I'm doing here in my

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base my rock base sub graph is I've got

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the UVS of my mesh multiplied by the

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object scale

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and then I'm also multiplying by a rock

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scale value and what I can do with this

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value here is for each of my rocks I can

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give them a multiplier so say

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um I call my first rock a value of one

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and if my second Rock mesh that I create

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is twice as big as my first rock then I

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can give it a value of two so as I

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create all my different rocks I can give

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them a relative scale values so that the

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textile density on all of the Rocks

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remains consistent

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okay so there is my base sub graph I'm

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sampling my two base textures I'm

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creating my UV coordinates and passing

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them out now

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I need to

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create the subgraphs for my macro detail

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and my micro detail

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so let's take a look at that I just

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created a subgraph called Rock detail

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and it looks like this

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so here's my base texture that I'm

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sampling

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you can see I'm passing in the detail

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texture here

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in order to sample that texture I'm

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taking the UVS and multiplying them by a

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value called detail scale

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for the macro detail I've defaulted that

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to 0.25 but for the micro detail I can

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alter that value and set it to 12 just

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like we did last week in our Rock Shader

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so in our detailed textures I'm

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unwrapping or I'm unpacking my normal

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here

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I'm taking the X Y and Z

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multiplying them by 2 2 and 0. and then

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I'm subtracting 1 1 and 0. and what that

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gives me is an expanded normal that I

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can then add to my incoming normal

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and this incoming normal is the value

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that I'm getting from the rock base sub

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graph

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up here I'm blending my incoming color

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from my rock based subgraph using

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overlay with the alpha channel of my

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detailed texture so this Alpha Channel

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create has overlay data that I can use

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to add extra tight nice overlay data to

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my color map

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and then for smoothness I'm doing

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something very similar I'm storing a

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smoothness multiplier in the blue

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channel of my detail texture and then

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multiplying that with my incoming

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smoothness here

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then I'm passing those values out you

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can see I've got a color value Vector 3

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a normal value Vector 3 and a smoothness

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value that's just a float

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so I can use this sub graph

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to represent both my macro and my micro

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detailed textures

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all right so now I can combine my rock

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base sub graph together with my rock

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detail sub graph

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so here is my final Shader and you can

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see that I've also got the snow sub

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graph in here we're going to take a look

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at the snow in a minute but what I want

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to do first is just show you how we've

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combined our the the subgraphs that I've

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showed you so far so here's my rock base

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and I'm passing in my color and

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smoothness texture my normal and ambient

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occlusion texture and my rock scale

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value

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then the two textures are sampled and I

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pass the values out and then I pass them

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into my rock detail

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and I blend those values with my rock

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detail values here

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then I pass the results onto the rock

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detail texture

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and then the result of that is color

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normal and smoothness that's ready to be

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passed out to whatever's next in this

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case we have snow next but because I'm

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creating the Shader in modules I could

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put whatever I wanted here I could put a

00:08:17

world align projection I could put a

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rain weather effect I really like

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creating shaders modularly like this

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because I kind of build up these blocks

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that I can then combine in different

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ways to create variations of a similar

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Shader and it's really easy to just drop

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a block in and connect it up to the

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other things that are going on

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okay so you can see I've got my rock

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base my rock detail for the macro detail

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my rock detail for the micro detail if I

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open these sub graphs up you can see

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that I also have inputs down here for

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the detail texture and the detail scale

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so my rock macro detail textures going

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here and its scale is 0.25

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and then for the micro detail

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you can see that I've got my micro

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detail texture here and its scale is 12.

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all right so the last thing to show is

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the snow so I'm taking the details

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coming out of uh

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the other sub graphs I'm passing the

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color in the normal in and the

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smoothness in but then you can see that

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my snow subgraph here also has an input

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socket or base normal

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an input socket for UVS and an input

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socket for AO

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and then it has an input socket for a

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coverage value which I can use to

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control how much snow is being applied

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so let's jump into our snow sub graph

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and take a look at how that's

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constructed so two weeks ago I showed

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you how to create snow and this is doing

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the exact same thing as I showed you two

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weeks ago with two Exceptions there are

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two new things that are going on here

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the first thing is that our snow sub

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graph is bringing in all of the material

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components from outside so if we take a

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look at our Rock modular Shader again

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you can see that it's bringing in color

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based normal normal smoothness UVS Etc

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and so what we do

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in this new snow subgraph is we combine

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all of those incoming material

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components with the snow components so

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we're not just doing snow we're using

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we're doing snow combined with and on

00:10:39

top of the rest of the rock Shader

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so here is the

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standard way that we computed the snow

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color two weeks ago we have our base

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color here

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and it's getting added to our fresnel

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effect and the fresnel effect is getting

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applied using

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the world space normal which is coming

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from down here I'll get to the normal in

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a minute so that's our snow color

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and then we're passing our snow color

00:11:08

into this lerp node which is blending

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between our Base Rock color and our snow

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color coming in using a snow mask and

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the snow mask is coming from this other

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sub graph which we're going to cover in

00:11:23

just a few minutes this is a really fun

00:11:25

subgraph here and I'm excited to get to

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this one and show it to you when we're

00:11:29

ready

00:11:31

so there is our snow color blended with

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our Rock color

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now let's talk about the snow normal

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so just like we did two weeks ago here

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is our normal texture where we have uh

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the

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the normal of the snow and in the blue

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Channel we have our ambient occlusion

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and in the alpha Channel we have our

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smoothness so you can see we're bringing

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in our UVS here to sample our snow

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texture

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and then we're unpacking our snow

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texture here by multiplying by two and

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subtracting one and then reconstructing

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the Z component of our normal

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and I showed you two weeks ago that

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we're blending our snow normal here with

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a snow detail normal and the reason that

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we're doing that is because we can get

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away with a much lower resolution base

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snow texture here uh if we're able to

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use a detail texture as well so instead

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of using a 4K texture we just use one

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1024 texture and then 1 5 12 detail

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normal map as well and then we just take

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our UVS that are coming in to sample our

00:12:44

detail normal map and we multiply our

00:12:46

UVS by eight so that our detail normal

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map is getting tiled a whole bunch and

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that creates the extra like little

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detail tiny bumps on our snow that

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wouldn't otherwise be possible with a

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1024 base snow texture

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and we blend those two normals together

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using a normal blend I have it set to

00:13:06

reoriented for a little bit better

00:13:07

blending quality but if you wanted to

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set it to default you might get a little

00:13:11

bit cheaper result but not quite as

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accurate

00:13:15

then once we have our normal calculated

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we can use that to pass into our fresnel

00:13:21

effect up here you can see that our

00:13:23

normal is coming out and it's in Tangent

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space so we need to transform it from

00:13:28

tangent space to World space before we

00:13:31

can compute our fresnel effect

00:13:34

all right then we take our incoming base

00:13:37

normal of our Rock and we blend it

00:13:40

together with our snow normal to get the

00:13:43

final snow normal and then we blend

00:13:45

between our Rock normal and our snow

00:13:47

normal using our snow mask now I want to

00:13:51

talk a minute about why I'm doing this

00:13:53

extra blend here

00:13:56

The Rock itself has a base normal and

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the snow has a normal map but it doesn't

00:14:03

know what the shape of the rock is and

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so this base normal that I'm bringing in

00:14:08

is the normal that's coming out of my

00:14:12

rock base subgraph so if we switch back

00:14:15

to our Rock modular Shader here's our

00:14:18

Rock based subgraph and we have a normal

00:14:21

coming out of here which is just the

00:14:22

normal map that's made to go with this

00:14:24

rock mesh and you can see that we've

00:14:27

wired this normal into the base normal

00:14:30

input of our snow sub graph

00:14:33

and so we're combining the base normal

00:14:37

map of the rock with uh the snow normal

00:14:41

in order to get the final snow shape

00:14:44

but we're not combining it with the

00:14:47

macro or micro detail because those

00:14:51

normals are getting covered up by the

00:14:54

snow the snow is kind of conforming

00:14:56

itself to the overall normals of the

00:14:58

rock but we can't that the snow is not

00:15:01

thin enough to expose the macro and

00:15:04

micro detail normals uh it actually

00:15:07

covers those up and so we're just using

00:15:10

the base normal to combine with the snow

00:15:14

normal

00:15:15

so if we switch back to our snow sub

00:15:17

graph here

00:15:19

's our snow normal we're blending our

00:15:22

snow normal with our meshes base normal

00:15:25

and then we're lurping or blending

00:15:28

between the

00:15:30

um the final Rock normal which includes the

00:15:34

macro and micro detail with the snow

00:15:37

normal here okay and then we're doing

00:15:39

the fun part here which is the

00:15:41

calculation of the sparkles on the snow

00:15:43

if you don't know what this is doing

00:15:46

take a look at the video that I released

00:15:48

two weeks ago and it goes over exactly

00:15:50

how these Sparkles work but basically

00:15:53

the sparkle texture is assigned to the

00:15:56

surface of the mesh as well as to the

00:15:59

screen and wherever the Sparkles between

00:16:01

the two line up is where a sparkle is

00:16:04

rendered

00:16:05

so we're multiplying our Sparkles by our

00:16:09

snow mask so that the Sparkles only show

00:16:12

up

00:16:13

in the areas where the snow is on the

00:16:16

mesh

00:16:17

all right then we're blending between

00:16:18

the Rock smoothness and the snow

00:16:21

smoothness

00:16:22

as well as The Rock AO and the snow ale

00:16:27

so you can see that our snow subgraph is

00:16:29

basically creating our snow material and

00:16:32

then blending between that material and

00:16:34

the incoming material

00:16:36

and what it's using to blend is this

00:16:39

snow mask subgraph so let's take a look

00:16:42

at this really quick I really like this

00:16:44

one okay so we have our normal coming in

00:16:48

and we transform the normal from tangent

00:16:51

space to World space because we want to

00:16:53

apply the snow on the on the in the

00:16:56

world space tops of all of the objects

00:16:59

and so and then we isolate just the

00:17:03

green channel of this which is the Y

00:17:05

component in World space which is up so

00:17:08

if I wire this directly into our output

00:17:11

mask

00:17:12

you can see that on the top of my shape

00:17:15

I get white so it goes from one

00:17:19

to zero here in the middle to negative

00:17:22

one here at the bottom

00:17:24

and so now I can use this mask to apply

00:17:28

the snow to the tops of things

00:17:31

so the first thing that I do is increase

00:17:32

the contrast a little bit and I do that

00:17:35

by multiplying our value here by 10. so

00:17:39

if I wire this in what you can see now

00:17:42

is that this value goes from 0 to 10 and

00:17:46

what I've done is basically isolated the

00:17:49

area where there's any sort of blending

00:17:52

to right here really small right in the

00:17:55

middle and basically this increases the

00:17:58

contrast

00:18:00

so you can see that I've got a saturate

00:18:02

node here and what this is going to do

00:18:04

is here it's going to go from 0 to 1 and

00:18:07

then from here it's going to go up to a

00:18:09

value of 10 at the top when I apply this

00:18:12

saturate that's going to clamp it to a

00:18:15

value of one

00:18:16

so that it's going to go from 0 to 1

00:18:18

here and then it's just going to stay a

00:18:20

solid value of 1 here so the snow is

00:18:22

going to be applied a hundred percent on

00:18:24

the tops of objects and then just have a

00:18:26

little bit of blending and then

00:18:28

not be applied on the bottoms of the

00:18:31

objects

00:18:34

so that's what I'm doing that's why I'm

00:18:36

multiplying by 10 here is because I'm

00:18:38

increasing the contrast of my up facing

00:18:42

snow mask

00:18:45

well now what I want to do is to be able

00:18:47

to control how much snow accumulation is

00:18:50

happening and I want you to think about

00:18:52

this kind of like a cone

00:18:55

um that's facing upward and the more

00:18:57

narrow the cone is the the less snow

00:19:01

accumulation is happening

00:19:03

so

00:19:05

um that's what I'm doing down here with

00:19:07

this lerp value I'm adding either a

00:19:10

positive or A negative value to my mask

00:19:14

to push this snow mask higher on the

00:19:18

sphere or lower so let's take a look at

00:19:21

a couple of different values that we can

00:19:23

add

00:19:24

all we have to add in a float value

00:19:26

temporarily here so that we can play

00:19:28

around with some values if I add 0

00:19:30

obviously our mask is going to stay the

00:19:33

same

00:19:34

if I add a negative number our mask is

00:19:36

going to be pushed higher which means

00:19:38

there's basically less and less snow

00:19:40

accumulation so the higher this negative

00:19:43

number goes the less snow accumulation

00:19:46

I'm getting

00:19:47

so pushing this value up and up and then

00:19:50

if I go above 0 to a value of like 2 for

00:19:53

example the more this value is going to

00:19:55

come around to be applied to the bottoms

00:19:58

of objects

00:19:59

so what you can see that I've done here

00:20:01

is I'm lurping between negative 15 and

00:20:05

3. and so just so you can see what's

00:20:08

happening I'm going to apply a slider

00:20:10

node here and put this into my T value

00:20:14

of my lerp so now as I lurp between 0

00:20:17

and 1

00:20:19

you can see that my snow at first my

00:20:22

snow is just on the very very tippy top

00:20:25

parts of the model anything that's only

00:20:27

pointed exactly straight up

00:20:29

but then as this value gets higher the

00:20:33

snow creeps down the sides of the meshes

00:20:35

and uh the accumulation is basically

00:20:39

increasing so this value here of one for

00:20:43

coverage is going to give me the maximum

00:20:46

snow accumulation and then a value of

00:20:49

zero is going to give me no snow

00:20:52

accumulation

00:20:53

so now I can use this coverage value and

00:20:56

pass it in

00:20:58

and I can use that between 0 and 1 to

00:21:00

determine a zero is no snow and a one is

00:21:04

uh a hundred percent snow

00:21:07

so this is pretty cool I really like

00:21:10

this uh this snow mask here it allows me

00:21:14

to if if I pass this coverage value in

00:21:17

from a script for example I can have my

00:21:20

snow slowly build up over time and uh

00:21:24

and that's a pretty neat effect when you

00:21:25

have snow that starts falling and you

00:21:28

know you have your particle effects

00:21:29

coming down and then you have a script

00:21:31

written that will make this coverage

00:21:33

value slowly increase over you know

00:21:36

maybe a minute or two so your snow just

00:21:39

like slowly accumulates on this on the

00:21:41

tops of things and then just gets

00:21:43

thicker and thicker over time it's a

00:21:45

pretty neat effect

00:21:46

so that's what our snow mask subgraph is

00:21:49

doing so you can see I am passing our

00:21:52

normal in here from The Rock

00:21:54

and then it's creating that accumulation

00:21:57

mask and I'm using that mask to blend

00:22:00

um between the rachio and the snow AO

00:22:02

The Rock smoothness and the snow

00:22:04

smoothness and then the same thing with

00:22:06

the emissive the normal and the color

00:22:10

so here's our Rock modular Shader you

00:22:12

can say that we've you can see that

00:22:13

we've got our base texture our macro

00:22:16

detail our micro detail and our snow and

00:22:21

we could even come in here and add

00:22:24

additional blocks you know if we wanted

00:22:26

to add rain or if we wanted to add some

00:22:29

kind of color projection we could add

00:22:32

all kinds of things in here because

00:22:33

we've created the Shader in this modular

00:22:36

way

00:22:37

so now you can see our final result we

00:22:40

have our snow applied to the tops of

00:22:42

things and we've got our nice Sparkles

00:22:44

and if we zoom into our rock you can see

00:22:47

that we have our detail texture

00:22:52

and if we play with our accumulation

00:22:54

values

00:22:55

you know if we give this coverage a

00:22:57

value of one

00:23:00

then our rock is going to be just

00:23:01

completely covered with snow but if we

00:23:05

dial it back a little bit

00:23:06

and we give it a value of like 0.3 for

00:23:09

example now there's no snow on it except

00:23:13

maybe some very small patches that are

00:23:15

starting to develop here on the tops

00:23:19

just some very subtle snow

00:23:22

so that's pretty cool that's our Rock

00:23:24

Shader with the snow applied to it

00:23:27

and we can control the snow accumulation

00:23:29

uh if we attach a script to that

00:23:32

material parameter we can control that

00:23:34

dynamically so that when our game says

00:23:37

it's starting to snow all the meshes can

00:23:40

have the snow accumulation applied

00:23:43

all right let's switch over to Unreal

00:23:44

and I'll show you how to do the same

00:23:45

thing in that engine alright so here we

00:23:48

are in unreal and last week we created

00:23:51

this rock Shader with the extra detail

00:23:55

so you can zoom in really nice and still

00:23:57

have nice tight detail and you can also

00:23:59

scale the rock up and down and the

00:24:01

detail scales with it so you never get

00:24:04

texels that are really blown out

00:24:07

So today we're going to combine this

00:24:09

rock Shader with our snow Shader to end

00:24:11

up with a result that looks like this

00:24:14

I'm going to have

00:24:15

snow that Sparkles and is applied to the

00:24:18

Rock

00:24:20

all right so this is the Shader that we

00:24:22

created last week for our Rock uh you

00:24:24

can see that I have our two base

00:24:27

textures here and then down here we have

00:24:30

our macro detail and our micro detail

00:24:33

and we're creating our UVS here that

00:24:35

Scale based on the scale of the object

00:24:37

so that our textile density

00:24:40

remains consistent

00:24:42

before we add our snow to this just like

00:24:45

we did in unity we're going to break

00:24:47

this Shader up into a couple of

00:24:49

different

00:24:50

material functions the first material

00:24:54

function is going to contain our our

00:24:56

base textures here and then the second

00:24:58

material function is going to do our

00:25:00

detail sampling and we're going to use

00:25:02

that both for our macro and our micro

00:25:05

detail and the reason that we're doing

00:25:07

this is just so that our Rock Shader is

00:25:09

more maintainable so it's easy to easier

00:25:13

to understand its structure and so it's

00:25:15

easy to add new features such as the

00:25:18

snow

00:25:19

so the first material function that

00:25:22

we're going to create is called Rock

00:25:23

base and it looks like this you can see

00:25:26

that what we've done is taken this upper

00:25:30

portion of our Shader and just paste it

00:25:32

into our material function so when you

00:25:34

create material functions you have

00:25:36

inputs and outputs and this particular

00:25:40

one doesn't have any inputs but we'll

00:25:41

get to that in a minute it does have

00:25:43

outputs however and the way that you

00:25:45

create an output

00:25:47

is just by typing output and choose

00:25:51

function output here then over here you

00:25:53

can give your output a name

00:25:55

and then you can also give it a source a

00:25:57

sort priority and you can see that the

00:26:00

sort priority determines the order that

00:26:02

the outputs are arranged when you apply

00:26:05

your material function in a Shader

00:26:08

so for color I gave it a sort priority

00:26:10

of zero roughness one normal two and ao4

00:26:18

and I've got my UVS here as three

00:26:23

so here's my base texture you can see

00:26:25

that I've exposed it as a parameter so

00:26:28

that I can control that in the material

00:26:31

instance so for material instances I'm

00:26:34

going to be adding this base color

00:26:36

texture as well as my normal map

00:26:40

so in the base color texture I have the

00:26:43

roughness in the alpha Channel

00:26:46

and in the normal I'm storing the normal

00:26:48

in the X and the Y but then in the blue

00:26:52

Channel

00:26:53

I'm storing the ambient occlusion so you

00:26:56

can see that my material function is

00:26:58

unpacking my color and my roughness

00:27:01

and my normal and my ambient occlusion

00:27:04

and then the other thing that we're

00:27:06

doing is I'm taking the object scale and

00:27:09

I'm multiplying it by our texture

00:27:11

coordinates so that that texture

00:27:13

coordinates scale according to how much

00:27:16

you've scaled your object up or down

00:27:18

this is what keeps our textile density

00:27:20

consistent then I've also exposed this

00:27:23

parameter here called Rock scale and you

00:27:26

can give for each individual Rock asset

00:27:29

that you have you can give that rock

00:27:31

asset a different scale value so that

00:27:34

the textal density across all of your

00:27:36

rock meshes will match alright so this

00:27:39

is my first material function that

00:27:42

contains mainly the the base textures

00:27:44

and also the UVS that I'm generating

00:27:46

then the next portion that we need from

00:27:48

our Shader here is a material function

00:27:51

that we can use for our micro and macro

00:27:54

details

00:27:56

so here is that material function we

00:28:00

talked about the outputs already in this

00:28:03

material function we have inputs you can

00:28:05

see that I've created an input for color

00:28:07

roughness normal UVS detail scale and

00:28:10

detail texture so these inputs create

00:28:13

the ports on the left side of the node

00:28:16

when you add it to the Shader and you

00:28:19

can see that these inputs also have

00:28:21

priorities so the priority of color is

00:28:24

zero roughness is one normal is two

00:28:29

uv's three detail scale 5 and detail

00:28:33

texture four

00:28:34

all right and then the other thing

00:28:36

that's important to do for these input

00:28:37

nodes so when you add an input node

00:28:41

it's called function input and you can

00:28:44

give it a name

00:28:46

and you pick the type

00:28:48

so color for example is a vector three

00:28:52

whereas roughness is a scalar

00:28:56

so if we take a look at our color node

00:28:58

you can see that it's set to Vector 3

00:29:00

and then I've got this box checked which

00:29:03

is called use preview value as default

00:29:06

and this is an important box to check

00:29:08

here if you want to be able to apply

00:29:10

this material function in your scene and

00:29:13

not connect every one of the ports if

00:29:16

you just want to use a nice default

00:29:18

value for a port and not connect it then

00:29:21

you create this preview value here and you

00:29:25

check this use preview value as default

00:29:28

if you leave this box unchecked and then

00:29:31

you leave a port unconnected

00:29:35

in your material function

00:29:37

it's going to give you errors so you

00:29:40

want to make sure that you check this

00:29:41

box to avoid those kinds of errors

00:29:44

all right so we're bringing in our color

00:29:45

value and then we're blending our color

00:29:48

value using an overlay blend

00:29:51

with the alpha channel of our detail

00:29:54

texture here

00:29:55

we're bringing in our roughness value

00:29:57

and we're adding it with 1 minus the

00:30:01

blue channel of our detail texture

00:30:04

and we're bringing in our normal and

00:30:06

we're adding our detail normal to our

00:30:09

normal here

00:30:11

in order to sample our detailed texture

00:30:13

we're bringing in our UVs

00:30:16

and then we're multiplying our UVS by

00:30:18

detail scale

00:30:20

and then we're also bringing in a

00:30:22

texture object here which is uh detail

00:30:25

texture you can see that this is set to

00:30:26

texture 2D now one thing that I forgot

00:30:29

to do is to give this a good default so

00:30:31

I'm just going to go ahead here and type

00:30:33

0.25 which is the default that I want

00:30:36

for my macro

00:30:38

texture all right now that we've taken a

00:30:41

look at our Rock base material function

00:30:44

and our Rock detail material function

00:30:46

let's take a little look at the Shader

00:30:48

where I've added them all together

00:30:52

so here's my rock Shader that I'm

00:30:54

creating and this Shader does exactly

00:30:56

the same thing as the Shader that we

00:30:58

created last week except for here you

00:31:00

can see that I've added the snow

00:31:03

material function but this portion of

00:31:05

the Shader here is doing the exact same

00:31:07

thing as the Shader that we created last

00:31:09

week here only it looks significantly

00:31:13

more organized because I've broken

00:31:14

things up into a base material function

00:31:17

and a detail material function

00:31:20

so if we take a look at this Shader

00:31:23

again you can see here I've got my rock

00:31:25

base with color roughness normal UV and

00:31:28

AO coming out

00:31:29

then I've got my rock detail material

00:31:32

function repeated two times this is for

00:31:36

my macro detail you can see that I've

00:31:39

got my macro detail texture selected

00:31:41

here and my detail scale is set to 0.25

00:31:45

and then the second instance I've

00:31:47

connected up the outputs of the first

00:31:49

distance here to the second instance and

00:31:52

then down here at the bottom you can see

00:31:53

that I've got my rock detail this is my

00:31:56

micro detail texture and my detail scale

00:31:59

is set to 12 because this texture is

00:32:03

tiled a lot of times really tightly to

00:32:06

give me that really nice close-up detail

00:32:08

that you can get when you zoom in really

00:32:11

close to the object like this okay the

00:32:14

other thing that I want to show you is

00:32:16

that the UVS coming out of here

00:32:19

are going into the UV socket of each of

00:32:22

these detail material functions and

00:32:24

these UVS are the ones that are

00:32:26

generated that keep our Texel density

00:32:28

consistent

00:32:29

so the last thing that we need to look

00:32:31

at is the

00:32:34

snow material function you can see that

00:32:36

I'm inputting the color roughness and

00:32:39

normal from my detailed material

00:32:42

functions and I'm also bringing in my

00:32:45

base normal

00:32:46

from The Rock base material function

00:32:50

and then I have down here at the bottom

00:32:53

I have my UVS my ambient occlusion and

00:32:56

my snow mask and my snow mask I've

00:32:59

actually renamed this item but it

00:33:02

doesn't look like it's updated here so

00:33:03

let me see if I close this material and

00:33:05

open it again if it'll update this name

00:33:07

yeah there we go now we've got this

00:33:10

value called coverage which we're using

00:33:12

to determine how much snow is being

00:33:14

applied to our surface let's take a look

00:33:16

at this material function and I'll go

00:33:18

over how it works so here's our snow

00:33:20

material function and this is exactly

00:33:23

like the snow material that we created

00:33:25

two weeks ago except that we've created

00:33:27

it as a function and now we're blending

00:33:30

the snow material with

00:33:33

the rock material that's underneath

00:33:35

using this material function down here

00:33:37

at the bottom called our snow mask well

00:33:41

we're going to go over the snow mask in

00:33:42

just a minute but let's first go over

00:33:44

what this material function is doing

00:33:47

so up here we're generating the color

00:33:50

for our snow

00:33:52

and there's nothing new about this it's

00:33:54

the same method that we're using to

00:33:56

generate the color from two weeks ago

00:33:58

but this time we're blending that color

00:34:00

with our incoming Rock color here

00:34:05

and we're using the snow mask as our

00:34:08

blend value

00:34:10

next we've got our normals so again this

00:34:14

is exactly the way that we created our

00:34:16

normals from two weeks ago we've got our

00:34:19

base snow texture normal and we've got

00:34:22

our detail snow normal and we're

00:34:24

combining those together using the blend

00:34:27

angle corrected normals

00:34:30

and then we're blending

00:34:32

are snow normal with the base normal of

00:34:36

our Rock now this is an important Point

00:34:38

here we're building up the normals of

00:34:41

our Rock if we switch back here to our

00:34:42

Rock Shader

00:34:44

so here we've got our base normal and

00:34:46

then we've got two different detail

00:34:48

normals that are added on top of our

00:34:50

base normal

00:34:56

but our snow Shader is asking for the

00:34:58

base normal again

00:35:01

and it's using this base normal to blend

00:35:03

with the snow normal so the snow and the

00:35:07

overall normal of the rock are combining

00:35:09

together

00:35:10

but we're not using the two detail

00:35:12

normals to blend with the snow normal

00:35:14

because the snow is actually covering

00:35:17

those and

00:35:19

it's too thick of a

00:35:22

material for those normals to show

00:35:25

through so when we create the normal for

00:35:28

the snow on the Rock we want to combine

00:35:30

the base normal of the rock with the

00:35:32

snow normal but we want to leave out the

00:35:34

detail normals so that's why we have

00:35:36

this extra base normal input here

00:35:40

and so we're combining the base normal

00:35:42

of the rock here with the stone normals

00:35:45

and then we blend between that final

00:35:48

snow normal and our Rock normal here

00:35:50

using

00:35:52

the snow mask which is coming in here

00:35:56

all right then we got the fun part here

00:35:58

which is the emissive

00:36:00

and if you haven't created this uh

00:36:03

Sparkle uh

00:36:05

snow effect yet be sure to go back and

00:36:08

watch the video from two weeks ago

00:36:09

because this is a pretty cool looking

00:36:11

effect on the snow

00:36:12

so we're multiplying this sparkling

00:36:15

effect with our snow mask and then

00:36:16

passing that out just so we don't get

00:36:19

sparkles in the areas of the rock where

00:36:21

there isn't snow

00:36:23

and then we're also blending between uh

00:36:26

the incoming Rock roughness and the snow

00:36:28

roughness and the incoming Rock ambient

00:36:31

occlusion and the snow ambient occlusion

00:36:35

so that is our snow material function

00:36:37

and the only thing left to explain is

00:36:40

this snow mask node here this one's

00:36:43

pretty cool

00:36:44

so let's take a look here is our snow

00:36:46

mask material function

00:36:48

so we have our normal coming in

00:36:50

and we want to apply the snow on the top

00:36:53

of the Rock

00:36:55

and the way that we figure out

00:36:57

um what's on top and what's not is by

00:37:01

taking our incoming normal and

00:37:03

transforming it from tangent space to

00:37:06

World space

00:37:07

and once we have it in World space we

00:37:10

then mask out the blue channel of that

00:37:13

normal or the Z component of the normal

00:37:15

now Unreal Engine is z up which means

00:37:20

the Z component of the world space

00:37:22

normal is what determines if something

00:37:25

is facing up or not

00:37:27

so if I take this normal value and I

00:37:30

pass it into our output mask here

00:37:33

what you can see now is that we get a

00:37:36

range of 1 to negative one with our mask

00:37:42

so there's a nice blend between a value

00:37:44

of 0 here in the middle and a value of

00:37:46

one here at the top and a value of

00:37:48

negative 1 here at the bottom

00:37:50

but we don't want to have this blend

00:37:53

because this mask is going to give us

00:37:55

transparent snow and we want our snow to

00:37:58

be a little bit more opaque and so to

00:38:00

increase the contrast of our mask I

00:38:02

multiply by 10 here

00:38:05

so if I wire this in now you can see

00:38:07

that there's a significantly less

00:38:09

there's significantly less contrast and

00:38:12

I get mostly values above one here and

00:38:16

there's just this very thin area of

00:38:18

blending here in the middle

00:38:20

now if I want to change the mask here so

00:38:23

that I have less snow what I can do is

00:38:28

subtract

00:38:29

from my result here so let me just move

00:38:33

this out of the way for now

00:38:35

and I'm going to give myself a

00:38:37

hard-coded value obviously if we add a

00:38:40

value of zero that's not going to change

00:38:42

it we're still going to have our mask

00:38:44

here right in the middle which means the

00:38:46

snow is going to accumulate on the tops

00:38:48

of things and all the way down to the

00:38:50

sides of things as well but if we want

00:38:53

snow to accumulate less so it's only on

00:38:55

things that are pointed up I can give

00:38:58

this a negative value say like a value

00:39:00

of negative 5. and now you can see that

00:39:04

our mask is pushed up

00:39:06

further on this scale which means it's

00:39:09

going to be applied to less of our

00:39:12

object if I increase this to maybe like

00:39:15

negative 9 for example now you can see

00:39:17

that I just get a very little bit of

00:39:19

snow only on the very top of the object

00:39:23

and so I can use this value a higher

00:39:26

negative numbers give me less snow

00:39:28

accumulation and lower numbers give me

00:39:32

more snow accumulation if I give it a

00:39:34

positive 3 for example now you can see

00:39:37

I'm getting really good snow coverage

00:39:39

coming all the way down past that Center

00:39:43

angle mark

00:39:45

so what I've got with this set of nodes

00:39:47

here is I'm blending between negative 15

00:39:50

and positive 3 using my snow coverage

00:39:55

value

00:39:56

the snow coverage value goes from zero

00:39:59

to one but as a result I'm getting a

00:40:03

value of negative 15 to 3 which controls

00:40:08

where the snow gets applied

00:40:11

so by default my input coverage value is

00:40:14

zero but if I give it a one now you can

00:40:17

see I've got this full snow coverage

00:40:20

and if I give it a like a 0.5

00:40:24

I've just got partial snow coverage so I

00:40:27

can use this coverage input value uh

00:40:30

between 0 and 1 to control how much snow

00:40:33

is being applied to my Surface uh it

00:40:36

starts out just being applied to

00:40:39

surfaces that are pointed directly up

00:40:41

and then as it as that value increases

00:40:44

it comes further and further down the

00:40:47

sides of the object until I've got just

00:40:49

a nice full snow coverage

00:40:53

okay so that's my snow mask

00:40:55

and I use that snow mask to blend

00:40:58

between the snow material and the rock

00:41:00

material here using these lerp nodes

00:41:03

here in my snow material function

00:41:07

all right so that's all of them if we

00:41:09

switch back to our Rock modular Shader

00:41:11

again

00:41:13

you can see that I have my my base

00:41:15

material function my two detail

00:41:18

functions my macro and my micro detail

00:41:21

and then I have my snow and I can use

00:41:24

this coverage value here to determine

00:41:26

how much snow is getting applied

00:41:29

and in fact probably what I want to do

00:41:31

is expose that as a material parameter

00:41:33

so I'm just going to create a hard-coded

00:41:37

value here I'll right click on it and

00:41:39

pick convert to parameter

00:41:42

and I'm going to call this parameter

00:41:45

snow coverage

00:41:47

and then I'll pass that right into the

00:41:49

coverage value

00:41:51

and I'll give it a slider Min value of 0

00:41:55

a max value of 1 and a default value of

00:41:58

something like 0.6

00:42:01

all right let's save the Shader and

00:42:03

we'll take a look at what it looks like

00:42:05

in our scene so here is our snow Shader

00:42:11

we have our sparkling snow applied to

00:42:14

the top sides and if we look at it from

00:42:16

underneath

00:42:17

you can see we're getting no snow

00:42:18

applied down here because we're using

00:42:21

that world space normal to determine

00:42:23

where the snow gets applied

00:42:26

and if we come back to our Shader what

00:42:28

we really ought to do is create a

00:42:30

material instance that will allow us to

00:42:33

control the parameters on this but in

00:42:35

this case I'm just going to come back

00:42:36

here to our Shader itself

00:42:38

and I'll give it

00:42:40

a snow coverage value of one

00:42:43

so now you can see that we've got

00:42:45

significantly more dense snow here

00:42:49

and if we give it a snow coverage value

00:42:52

of something like 0.3

00:42:55

now I'm only going to get snow on the

00:42:57

places on the mesh where it's pointed

00:42:59

like perfectly up like maybe here on the

00:43:03

top

00:43:04

but you can see how it's cut down on the

00:43:06

amount of snow that I'm getting and I if

00:43:07

I give it a snow coverage value of zero

00:43:11

now I'm not going to get any snow at all

00:43:13

on the rock

00:43:16

um so I can use that snow coverage value

00:43:18

to control exactly how much snow I'm

00:43:20

getting and the really nice thing is if

00:43:23

I expose this and control it with a

00:43:26

script

00:43:27

I can actually give my game control over

00:43:29

the snow accumulation so that when the

00:43:33

weather kicks in and the snow particles

00:43:35

start to fall I can use a script to

00:43:38

control that value so that over time

00:43:40

that coverage value increases and I get

00:43:43

snow accumulation on the rocks in my

00:43:46

scene

00:43:47

so pretty cool I hope you enjoyed

00:43:49

today's tutorial since we're on this

00:43:52

topic of snow I think probably what

00:43:54

we'll do next week is create an ice

00:43:57

Shader so if you're looking forward to

00:43:59

that be sure to come back and uh thanks

00:44:01

for watching everybody and have a great

00:44:03

week

00:44:04

[Music]

Description:

In this shader tutorial for Unreal and Unity, we combine our snow and rock shaders to create a snowy rock. I also show how to clean up and organize your shader so it's easy to understand and maintain. Here's last week's video on creating a rock shader: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q2XI8cuSBMk Here's the playlist for all of the videos in the series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL78XDi0TS4lGqHdLQGR2GHne85i9PebbN Shader Book Recommendations https://www.bencloward.com/resources_books.shtml ------------------------------ Theme Music Peace in the Circuitry - Glitch Hop http://teknoaxe.com/Link_Code_3.php?q=1526 Background Music Speo - The Little Things https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoc9v_TRBqc

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