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Эрмитаж. Искусство Англии (1980)

Эрмитаж. Искусство Англии (1980)

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Эрмитаж. Живопись Франции. Сезанн, Ван Гог, Гоген (1980)

Эрмитаж. Живопись Франции. Сезанн, Ван Гог, Гоген (1980)

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На пути к Олимпиаде. Секунданты, за ринг! Документальный фильм (1982)

На пути к Олимпиаде. Секунданты, за ринг! Документальный фильм (1982)

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Эрмитаж. Зимний дворец (1980)

Эрмитаж. Зимний дворец (1980)

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Город Куйбышев (1973)

Город Куйбышев (1973)

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[music]

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aa aa

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[music] the

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enemy has been defeated, but he has not yet

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been defeated. The Nazi army is

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going through a crisis due to the blows it received from the

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Red Army, but this does not

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mean that it will not be able to recover.

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The fight against the German invaders is not

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over yet, but only is unfolding and 1 it

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would be foolish to believe that the Germans would leave

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at least one kilometer of our land without a fight

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[music]

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well,

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my

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[applause]

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well,

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the country was entering its 3rd military age and

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many clearings had already been returned by the soldiers in the video,

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so a special thing was in store for him, he

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had to become on par with the Borodino and

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Kulikovo fields,

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further and further along the road, time is passing,

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because of our memory, there are

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less and less two passengers whose fates

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were part of the last war, and why can’t we

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avoid the station of oblivion? no, even

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what leaves our lives still

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remains on earth great insignificant

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unknown covered with glory to remember is to

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be able to read the land

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[music]

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something I don’t remember the second such

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name in our Russian military history

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Prokhorovka cozy home truth

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village name well, let’s say

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Ivanovka

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Kamenka but the village is not visible I

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station at not Prokhorovka

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for us the soldier forever remained

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the core of the Kursk bridgehead of

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our entire Russia, the warrior remained in our

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memory for the

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whole of 43 years, the Soviet-German front still

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remained the main front of the

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Second World War, and although the overlock

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constantly kept the largest and

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best part of its army in the east, the situation at

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the front changed decisively in favor of the

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Soviet army, failure Hitler's

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plans at Stalingrad became the beginning of the

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decline of the Nazi troops and the

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beginning of a radical turning point in the war in

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our favor, our offensive

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advanced west to a depth of 700

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kilometers, the

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strategic initiative passed to the

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Soviet army [

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music]

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[music]

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thousands of kilometers from here in other

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lands on a difficult war was also going on in foreign seas,

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and

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the name of the operation husky

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galvanic sounded much louder than Prokhorovka, but neither the name nor the results of

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these operations could replace the main

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second front in Western Europe, which

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would force Nazi Germany to

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separate their families; the Soviet soldier

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was still left alone with

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fascism

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here, it should be expected

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that the Russians, after the end of the winter and

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spring thaw, having created reserves of

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material resources and partially replenished

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their formations with people, will resume their

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actions against the winter campaign of 42-43,

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apparently they will not be able to create

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large reserves in order to

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resume their offensive to capture

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the Caucasus and antics waves with the aim of

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deep bypassing Moscow to our task

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is to, if possible,

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come to our internal disk in places, the

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goal is to impose their possessions on them at least on one

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of the sections of the front; on the

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remaining sections of the front, the task

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comes down to the unroofed wall of the advancing

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enemy, preparation for this, children

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it is necessary to begin immediately the information

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that the opponents received

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confirmed our assumption,

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the Nazis will rush forward, the

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Soviet command was faced with the

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dilemma of attacking or defending,

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in other words, it was a question of choosing the forms and

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methods of further struggle

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and

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in order to make a decision it was necessary to

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answer three main questions

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that inevitably pose the war, what

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is going to take the enemy where he

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thinks to apply his plan when he is

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going to carry it out. Our

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troops will go on the offensive in the next few days in

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order to forestall the enemy. I think it would be

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inappropriate to wear down the enemy on

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our

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defense, knock out his tanks and then, seeing a fresh

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reserve, go on a general offensive to

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finally finish off the main

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enemy group. the spring respite was

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at the same time preparation for the decisive

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battle

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[music]

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we answered the first question of

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the war equation the enemy will choose an offensive

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strategy on the evening of April 12, we

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went with the ecumenical insertion the Supreme,

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perhaps more than ever, listened attentively to

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our proposal, discussing the plan of action of

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our troops,

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we came to the conclusion of the need

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build a strong, deeply

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layered defense in all the

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most important directions, thus, already

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in mid-April, the headquarters made a

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preliminary decision on a deliberate

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defense,

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we wanted to meet the expected

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advances of the German troops with powerful

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means of defense,

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bleed the enemy and, by going on a

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counteroffensive, completely defeat him,

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we thought hey, the enemy is 4400 kilometers of the

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eastern front almost straight and only

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in the Kursk area a protrusion arc facing the

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west to stream means to shorten the front

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by 250 kilometers with attacks from the north and south

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to cut off Soviet troops to deprive the Russians of a

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springboard for an offensive this is how

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the enemy answered us to the second

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question of the equation of war where and yang to sew I

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decided mother as soon as they allow

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weather conditions carry out an offensive citadel the

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first offensive this year the goal of an

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offensive with a concentrated attack

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carried out by decisive fast forces of

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one shock army from the Belgorod area

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and another area is more important than the eagle

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and the circles of the enemy troops located in the Kursk area

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and destroy this

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evidence from various sources,

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revealing to us the dramaturgy of the

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struggle between the two strategies, as we see, the idea of an

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offensive arose not only among our

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opponents, but we had it along with

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other insertions of the Wehrmacht, it reigned

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absolutely German generals believed that

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we could not do otherwise, they

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thought exactly within the framework of their role,

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it looked like this

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[music]

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for carrying out The operation is proposed to

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strike a few days before Pix Day or on X Day with the forty-first tank

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corps on the day, simultaneously with the

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offensive of the southern group,

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strike 46 and 47

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and with tank corps, depending on the

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development of the situation, on the opponents zen x

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or a little later, the

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Ninth Army will strike brightly western

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planks

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[music]

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apparently at the first stage the enemy, having gathered

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the maximum of his forces, will strike with his

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Oryol-Kursk group bypassing

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Kursk from the northeast and the Belgorod

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Kharkov group bypassing Kursk

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from the south to the east. On May 20, the General Staff, based on

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newly received data about the enemy,

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directed the front a warning

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that a fascist offensive was expected no

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later than May 26 after the first

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warning when it was not

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confirmed, the

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military council of the Voronezh front

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saw in this hesitation and perhaps the

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enemy’s refusal to go on the offensive and

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asked the Supreme Commander-in-Chief to

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decide on the advisability of delivering a

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preemptive strike to the enemy,

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Stalin very I was seriously interested in

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this proposal and it

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took a lot of effort for us, Zhukov, and Antonov to convince

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him not to do this.

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The commander of the Voronezh front, Vatutin

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cut, began to show impatience; we will miss the moment; the enemy is

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coming soon, autumn will come and all plans

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will fail; let’s stop digging in

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and start first;

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we have enough strength for this.

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yes, we had enough strength, arrived, replenishment,

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a lot of new equipment appeared, we

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surpassed the enemy in all positions,

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it would seem only forward, but we were waiting for

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this paradox of the

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tasks of his strategists of the Third Reich, the

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absence of offensive actions from

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our country to provide the Russians with the

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next opportunity to carry out an

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attack on Kharkov to the south,

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I don’t think so the same person wait for winter

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[music]

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dance how much a clash with the main

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Russian forces inevitably

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the best solution will be to carry out

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our offensive in accordance with the plan

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citadel July 2, the headquarters warned the

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front commanders of the

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possible transition of the enemy to the

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offensive in the period from July 3 to 6

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on the evening of the Fourth of July I was in Rokossovsky's headquarters

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learned that

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information about the enemy going on the

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offensive at dawn on July 5 was

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confirmed by representatives of the headquarters of the

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marching beetles and Vasilevsky

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front commanders Vatutin Malinovsky Popov Konev

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Rokossovsky from the front line observed the

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actions of the enemy of

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course the outcome of the battle

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is decided directly on the battlefield but

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to a large extent it depends on

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all the previous preparatory

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work; each of the warring parties,

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the enemy lost to us move after move, and

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what is most tragic for him was not even

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aware of it, now on this field

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every summer he mows the grass,

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but 40 years ago the grass is here Miroslav and

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there was a tank training ground Betlitsa group

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our scouts, Soviet guys and

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Spanish anti-fascists

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received the task of finding out the secret of the armor of the

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famous tigers, how many of them were without

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the terrible and according to the strict laws of

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wartime, then unknown, received such

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orders to

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find out the secret of the secret of the enemy's plan

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or the secret of weapons and how many brave

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these guys died on the battlefield or

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tortured by the Gestapo dungeons

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how many mother's tears have not yet been allowed to

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dry no years have learned the secret

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scold the game was entrusted to several

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groups who exactly brought the necessary information is

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difficult to say but it is known for certain

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the secret was solved it is known

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that the group whose duty we spoke

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above fulfilled its duty to the end

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[music] it is

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still known for certain that In the village of

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Shubina there is an obelisk on which the

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names of the guys are engraved and for 5 rude commander

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Georgi Bobrov aka Miguel belts

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one or mentiras bara Rodriguez Jose Luis radio operator

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Vadim Taranovsky Evgeniy Kuzyakin

00:15:58

they all took a distracting and

00:16:01

unequal battle then and all died

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[music]

00:16:10

and how many events of that hot summer,

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great and small remained behind the scenes of

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front-line cameramen. On May 7, our

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intelligence informed the headquarters that a major offensive operation was

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being prepared in the Oryol-Kursk direction.

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The citadel. On

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May 23, the state security agencies

00:16:29

provided additional information. On

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May 26, a Soviet intelligence officer clarified the

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direction of the operation and its tasks,

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then it became known that the enemy

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will use the new tiger and panther tanks for the first time

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[music]

00:16:50

how could it happen that we, still

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seriously inferior to Germany in the production of the

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main types of strategic raw materials,

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managed to surpass it in many types of weapons in forty-three

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if we consider the war only as a

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clash of physical forces, a

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competition of military technologies, then the answer

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should be sought on the surface, which is what

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Western historiography does,

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modification of weapons could allow the Soviet

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leadership to establish mass

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production of artillery and aviation tanks

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and surpass the military industry,

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German and People's Commissar of Armaments Ustinov sees

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other reasons, the

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entire increase in production was achieved

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mainly due to increased

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labor productivity,

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issues of improving technology, reducing

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labor intensity the People's Commissar puts it in second

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place because the main thing is that he thinks so,

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we all think so,

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some of us are still surprised by

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the Russian miracle of the wartime in

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1943, we produced less than

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Germany in cast iron, steel and rolled products 4 and

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coal almost six times, it would seem who has

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more metal that one has more weapons,

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however, tanks and planes and guns and

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ammunition, we began to make more and

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better; we owed this, first of all, to the

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heroic work of the rear, the field, and the experience of the

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commanders of the military industry,

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Gusin Bannikov Malyshev

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Shakhurin, in the forty-third year, the combat power of the

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Soviet army rose to a new

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level military the industry

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of Nazi Germany exceeded the level of the

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previous year, and with the increase in the output of military

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products, the accounts of military corporations in the banks of the Third Reich grew, the

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Flick tank company, for example, put pressure on supplies to the

00:18:48

Wehrmacht in the forty-third year, its

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capital reached 450 million marks,

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each his own, one order for services in

00:19:01

the rear, the next

00:19:14

next on and they believe that if the peoples of

00:19:17

the USA and Aang work together, they are

00:19:20

similar and with the magnificent effort of the Russians,

00:19:22

then Germany will be defeated in 1943,

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even Goebbels did not hide the danger

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looming over us colossally, the future

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depends on our struggle in the east

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[music]

00:19:43

[laughter]

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[applause]

00:19:50

[ music]

00:19:54

and the

00:19:59

opening of the second front was postponed again and again; the

00:20:02

Soviet government

00:20:05

repeatedly raised

00:20:08

the question of clarifying the timing of joint

00:20:11

actions with the Western allies; however, the

00:20:13

evasiveness and uncertainty of

00:20:15

Roosevelt’s and Churchill’s answers confirmed

00:20:18

their lack of real plans in this

00:20:20

regard; this is what

00:20:24

contributed greatly to the fact that Verma was able

00:20:26

to concentrate on the Kursk Bulge a huge

00:20:29

mass of combat force and equipment, completely

00:20:33

secret from Mr. Churchill’s message,

00:20:36

I learned that the Anglo-American operations

00:20:39

in North Africa are not only not

00:20:41

being accelerated, but are being postponed until the end of

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April, and this date is not indicated

00:20:46

very clearly, meanwhile Germany has

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already managed to transfer the West against the

00:20:52

Soviet forces, thirty-six divisions,

00:20:59

President Roosevelt and I are very

00:21:01

disappointed that it turns out to be

00:21:03

necessary to postpone the March convoy at the

00:21:07

same time after the start, it

00:21:09

will not be possible to continue sending

00:21:11

convoys by the northern route

00:21:12

since from now on every

00:21:14

single expert vessel will need to

00:21:16

populate the land and sea for support Our

00:21:19

offensive operations concern the

00:21:22

Soviet Union, then I can assure you

00:21:24

that the armed forces of the USSR

00:21:26

will do everything in their power to

00:21:29

continue the offensive against Germany

00:21:31

and its allies on the Soviet-German

00:21:34

front. The strictly secret, personally drawn

00:21:38

messages did not make it to the newspaper pages,

00:21:40

and they could not report anything comforting.

00:21:42

to our soldier that once again

00:21:45

emergency circumstances do not allow the

00:21:47

allies to fulfill their duty, but we

00:21:51

were more active and allies in the sky for 43

00:21:54

years, the pilots of the French Normandy fought with us,

00:21:56

a series of operations

00:22:00

during the preparation for the Battle of Kursk caused

00:22:02

significant damage to the enemy in only three days of

00:22:05

May it was over 500 aircraft were destroyed,

00:22:07

most of them did not have time

00:22:09

to take off, and in total from April to

00:22:11

July, Luftwaffe losses on the eastern

00:22:14

front exceeded 3,700 aircraft, and

00:22:19

the

00:22:20

numbers were recorded as well as the number of losses 1 air

00:22:24

operation 6 5 17

00:22:29

airfields were attacked, 6 air armies participated

00:22:33

our prowess at this airfield 1 15 16 2

00:22:39

7 and 8 air army

00:22:50

[music]

00:22:51

partisans the

00:22:53

population of the front-line areas all

00:22:56

united to strike the enemy

00:22:59

[music]

00:23:07

hundreds of thousands of workers and collective farmers together

00:23:11

with soldiers built our defense they

00:23:15

erected 8 lines of defensive hairlines

00:23:17

up to 350 deep kilometers on sections of the

00:23:22

central and Voronezh fronts,

00:23:24

10 thousand kilometers of trenches

00:23:27

and communication passages were opened

00:23:28

the fourth part of the equator the arc of the Kursk

00:23:32

meridian was ready to meet the enemy were

00:23:40

replaced not in the Kursk calendar the

00:23:43

day of the decisive battle was approaching the

00:23:46

war had already passed more than half the way

00:23:49

the confrontation had reached such severity and

00:23:52

strength that any mistake

00:23:53

could jeopardize the success of the plan

00:24:18

when the enemy intends to launch an

00:24:21

offensive, the third question of the war

00:24:24

now required an answer down to

00:24:26

the minute, but it was not easy to get it

00:24:30

[music]

00:24:32

we arrived on the Soviet-German front on

00:24:35

July 3

00:24:37

from Yugoslavia on July 5 at 2:15 our squadrons

00:24:42

received orders bomb the

00:24:44

fortification of the Russians, the success of the citadel was

00:24:49

largely calculated on the power and, most importantly, the

00:24:51

surprise of the offensive strike; on this, the

00:24:54

Wehrmacht made a decisive bet;

00:24:59

our account preparation must get ahead of the

00:25:01

enemy, but so as not to disrupt his

00:25:04

offensive and so that he could no longer endure it,

00:25:07

both were not in our interests

00:25:10

[music]

00:25:13

at 2:20 I gave the order to begin counter

00:25:17

preparations

00:25:21

[applause]

00:26:01

we got caught in the crossfire of

00:26:04

anti-tank guns and Russian anti-tank

00:26:06

guns, everything we were taught and the

00:26:09

killer whale was lost

00:26:25

2 hours 30 minutes

00:26:27

when counter preparations were already in full swing the

00:26:29

Supreme Commander called, well how they started differently

00:26:36

how the enemy behaved I hurried to

00:26:59

jump out of the burning tank on the battlefield

00:27:02

there were at least 40 destroyed tanks

00:27:04

many of them newspapers

00:27:11

only after 40 minutes the enemy opened

00:27:15

to turn away imposing his tact on the frag we

00:27:20

essentially led him along the wall we had developed

00:27:22

loves

00:27:28

[music]

00:27:36

[music] the

00:28:10

enemy's chest and the date for the

00:28:13

start of the offensive became known; the cops carried out

00:28:16

operational surprise; however, by the beginning of the

00:28:21

enemy's actions, our

00:28:24

preparation plan on the night of July 4-5 had

00:28:27

not yet been fully completed; words no

00:28:31

artillery counter preparation inflicted

00:28:33

heavy losses on the enemy and organized

00:28:36

control of the offensive troops, but we all

00:28:40

expected great results from her,

00:28:47

the bell rang, the Supreme

00:28:50

Rokossovsky was calling, and we had an

00:28:54

American phone, these ones, and

00:28:57

if they were in the room, if you held

00:29:00

the phone like that, he could hear everything, it was very loud,

00:29:03

no one was holding it because it was

00:29:07

jamming. so Rokossovsky, I squeezed

00:29:09

this phone, the Supreme asks,

00:29:11

report conquered the Lego resemblance in the air,

00:29:14

well, the Supreme, in general, was very concerned, so to speak,

00:29:22

that if there is no

00:29:25

air supremacy, then our operation will not

00:29:28

succeed, so there is also air supremacy,

00:29:33

who on the ground will the operation be successfully

00:29:35

conducted, so they asked, conquered about in the

00:29:40

air

00:29:41

about Kosovo reports to him from Comrade

00:29:43

Stalin

00:29:45

in the air or day there were very large battles,

00:29:49

losses on both sides

00:29:52

were large

00:29:54

[music]

00:29:56

we entered into a difficult and bloody

00:30:00

battle,

00:30:01

could it have been different he and are just as

00:30:05

energetically preparing to the

00:30:06

limits of our resources for the

00:30:08

crossing operation channel in August in which

00:30:10

British units and

00:30:12

units of the United States will participate, now in May

00:30:17

1943 you, together with Mr.

00:30:20

Churchill, make a decision

00:30:23

postponing the Anglo-American

00:30:25

invasion of Western Europe until the spring of 44,

00:30:28

that is, the opening of a second front in

00:30:31

Western Europe, already postponed for 42 years

00:30:34

1943 is

00:30:36

again postponed this time to the spring of 1944

00:30:41

[applause]

00:30:46

unipolar agree the present plan

00:30:52

is to concentrate a sufficiently

00:30:54

large number of men and materials on the British Isles in the spring of 1944

00:30:56

to allow a

00:30:58

comprehensive invasion of the continent at

00:31:00

this time, at first glance this The correspondence

00:31:05

has nothing to do with the events on the Kursk

00:31:07

Bulge,

00:31:08

but wasn’t it the passivity of our allies,

00:31:12

their double game with the second front, that

00:31:14

allowed Hitler to put

00:31:17

70 percent of all Wehrmacht forces against us

00:31:20

and our economy to work, moreover, in

00:31:23

conditions much more difficult than those of

00:31:26

the enemy, I’m not sure that you you know

00:31:31

how much we want to take away from you the

00:31:33

honor of the excessive time

00:31:35

that you steadfastly bore during the

00:31:38

last harsh months, Mr. Vida,

00:31:42

well, you can’t refuse the bed, he saw

00:31:45

Russia with his own eyes,

00:31:46

but even without an English diplomat, we know

00:31:49

our people cannot be defeated, so the

00:31:50

outcome of the Battle of Kursk could have been

00:31:53

one

00:31:54

victory, no matter how long and difficult the path in it,

00:31:57

war poses such questions to the state,

00:32:01

exposes problems

00:32:03

that peacetime simply does not exist in the life of

00:32:06

our country,

00:32:07

the decisive leading role in this situation

00:32:09

was played by the Communist Party, the

00:32:12

summer concerned matters at the front and in the rear of the

00:32:14

material and medical support of the

00:32:15

army or the living conditions of the civilian

00:32:18

population of foreign policy, the party

00:32:21

has always been at the forefront

00:32:22

resolving issues firmly, wisely and flexibly,

00:32:25

it was thanks to the organizing role of

00:32:28

the party that our military industry could

00:32:30

quickly expand production

00:32:32

and meet the needs of the canvas,

00:32:37

in their name it was impossible for the T-34 tank to be

00:32:40

far superior to any the type of

00:32:42

German tanks then the Russians

00:32:44

modernized and the rods their

00:32:47

tank designers knew their business well at the end of 43,

00:32:51

issue 34 already accounted for ninety-two

00:32:54

percent of the total production of

00:32:56

Soviet tanks gyro x minister Spian

00:32:59

van Dyne dance form of production he new

00:33:02

powers and the hall presented not

00:33:04

shavings and said they were looking for growing

00:33:08

anxiety in connection with the constantly

00:33:10

increasing fate of the

00:33:11

Soviet tank forces in his era due to the serial

00:33:15

production of the excellent Russian

00:33:17

T-34 tank, why then did the

00:33:22

course of the war radically change at Kursk? The

00:33:25

German historian Zinke explains this by

00:33:28

our tenfold superiority;

00:33:30

the historian of manpower we had was disingenuous

00:33:33

twice as many tanks a little more than

00:33:35

twice as many artillery and mortars three times as many

00:33:38

aviation almost three times as much with a smaller

00:33:41

advantage it was simply

00:33:42

impossible to advance the secret of the Russian miracle you are our

00:33:46

fatherland in danger these words

00:33:49

shook the whole country and there was not a

00:33:51

person who would not respond to him in the best way he

00:33:53

could and in what way it was confirmed that Yannina once it

00:33:58

came to war, then everything must be

00:34:01

subordinated to the interests of the side dish, the

00:34:03

entire internal life of the country must be

00:34:05

subordinated to war, not the slightest hesitation on

00:34:09

this score is unacceptable, therefore once again

00:34:11

everything is for in

00:34:13

and

00:34:28

so we have come to the moment when,

00:34:31

three hours late, the enemy began an offensive

00:34:35

citadel spoke a

00:34:38

gigantic military mechanism began to move

00:34:40

100 days from the best details carefully and

00:34:44

methodically assembled it 3 10,000 guns

00:34:48

2,700 tanks

00:34:50

two thousand aircraft almost a million

00:34:53

soldiers half of what was given to Germany the

00:34:56

total mobilization of

00:35:05

Lithuania begins long before the open

00:35:08

clash of the struggle of the goons strategies ideas the

00:35:13

moment comes when all born the high

00:35:15

command must pass the test to do this

00:35:18

moment came

00:35:33

late due to our kong preparations,

00:35:35

the enemy nevertheless went on the offensive and a

00:35:38

new surprise deep-

00:35:40

echeloned turnover penetration with one

00:35:42

blow failed commander of

00:35:45

army group south manstein continued to throw into

00:35:48

battle riser commander of army group

00:35:50

center people requested help forward your

00:35:57

main forces in the Oryol-Kursk

00:35:59

direction 7 tank

00:36:02

2 motorized and 11 infantry divisions

00:36:05

in the Belgorod Kursk direction

00:36:08

10 tank one motorized and village

00:36:13

infantry divisions with renewed vigor

00:36:18

battles flared up in the main directions

00:36:20

the enemy, as planned, strived for

00:36:23

Kursk north and south in order to unite to

00:36:26

cut off Kursk salient on the fifth day of

00:36:28

the battle Kluge became convinced that

00:36:30

he was unable to break through the defense from the servers of the central front strip

00:36:32

and soon stopped his

00:36:35

example was followed by the southern partner

00:36:37

Manstein, his path was blocked by the defense of the

00:36:39

Voronezh front and the reserve in the steppe

00:36:43

analysis of failure takes time he

00:36:46

was not among Hitler’s generals as not

00:36:48

there was a desire to soberly assess the situation,

00:36:50

the enemy did not take care of reserves,

00:36:53

now he was left without support,

00:36:55

the offensive began to fizzle out, but

00:36:58

the brutality of the battle did not kill

00:37:03

[music]

00:37:06

I was talking about stealth, one was stunned, about a

00:37:10

blind man, he opened his eyes a second

00:37:12

after everyone next to him from the rear was on

00:37:14

fire and with smoke a German shell exploded the

00:37:18

wheels of the gun a quiet slow tank a yellow

00:37:23

tiger head on green armor was

00:37:26

approaching

00:37:28

creating Gavrilov wounded in the head in the neck

00:37:31

you Stas mail the gun in the cradle from the water ate

00:37:35

and the lifting turning mechanisms did not

00:37:37

move the explosions of the females in good working order

00:37:39

shoot he shot without a sight

00:37:42

looked straight in the bore of the barrel, trying to

00:37:45

collect the carcass of a moving tank in this dark round field, it

00:37:49

is difficult for one to shoot from a cannon that

00:37:53

serves the battle of 6 people 6 the shell was

00:37:57

for the tank in deadly strict

00:38:01

accordance with the rules for storing

00:38:03

archival documents froze on the racks

00:38:07

that unforgettable time

00:38:10

will it come to life again military specialist dissertations

00:38:14

will return whether it was put on the pages of a novel by a

00:38:16

writer or so it will remain as long as the

00:38:20

coffee documents lie unclaimed, it

00:38:22

still exists, it exists

00:38:25

objectively

00:38:27

and therefore will not die, and with an attentive

00:38:32

gaze you look around the shelves

00:38:34

as if you are looking into the cracks of history, as if

00:38:38

you want to comprehend how, after all, it was something

00:38:43

that could not reconcile there on the battlefield

00:38:45

cannot be reconciled and here, even though they are

00:38:48

side by side, because meanness always remains

00:38:50

meanness cowardice cowardice

00:38:53

and the feat of heroism is not immediately and not everyone is

00:38:58

given the opportunity to see the phenomena in the chain of causes and

00:39:01

the means 3 did he stubbornly adhere to one

00:39:05

strategy why did Germany not take the path of fascism

00:39:09

could develop otherwise than

00:39:12

according to his laws and this meant, first of all, to

00:39:14

carry out we understood this means we understood the

00:39:17

enemy and applied this understanding to the

00:39:20

practice of war

00:39:23

[music]

00:39:57

[applause]

00:40:11

now here is an ordinary bus

00:40:13

stop and anyone can get off

00:40:15

and go where its

00:40:19

name came from the tank field is more under

00:40:23

Prokhorovka

00:40:24

and Prokhorovka they say

00:40:27

iron machines fought here and ordinary

00:40:32

people won; many foreign historians were engaged in solving the phenomenon

00:40:37

called Russian soldiers;

00:40:45

they recognized all sorts of qualities in him

00:40:48

from endurance to rage;

00:40:52

one French historian, talking about the

00:40:55

siege of Sevastopol, spoke of the Russian

00:40:58

soldier as a person gifted with the

00:41:02

rarest military qualities,

00:41:06

fearless for us, who does not fall into

00:41:09

despondency, on the contrary,

00:41:11

after every defeat, who threw himself to

00:41:14

save Roche and his legs for us, who with all their

00:41:18

hearts listen to the movement of the soul,

00:41:21

soldiers of the Red Army, it is

00:41:24

extremely valuable to see people

00:41:27

who achieved victory in the turning point

00:41:30

battle of Kursk, after which Hitler’s troops

00:41:33

began their fatal retreat actually

00:41:38

these people 1 3

00:41:41

Ivan Mikhailovich Nichosi driver mechanic of a

00:41:44

heavy tank knocked out 3

00:41:48

fascist tanks near Prokhorovka and received an hour's

00:41:51

leave

00:41:52

[music]

00:42:08

Ivan Mikhailovich Ne Kyosen drove his

00:42:11

combat vehicle from Moscow to Prague through the

00:42:14

passage lived in Prokhorovka defended

00:42:17

Prokhorovka and now lives in Prokhorovka

00:42:22

[music]

00:42:32

it lasts 50 days of the Battle of Kursk when

00:42:37

it ends

00:42:38

in the end and will not fail to amaze

00:42:40

the imagination the Wehrmacht will lose 13 divisions

00:42:44

more than half a million people one and a half

00:42:46

thousand tanks three thousand guns over

00:42:49

three thousand 700 aircraft on the entire

00:42:52

Soviet-German front on all

00:42:54

fronts the second world war, the Wehrmacht

00:42:57

will be forced to move to the road while

00:43:00

the fighting is still going on, the loyalty of the strategist is still being tested,

00:43:04

but the last battle hall is thundering,

00:43:08

the experience not gained will continue to serve in the

00:43:12

organization of deep defense, the creation and

00:43:15

use of strategic reserves, the

00:43:18

offensive in summer conditions skillfully and the

00:43:21

interaction of types and branches of troops

00:43:24

personnel newsreels captured the last

00:43:27

hours of the battle on the Prokhorov bridgehead, a

00:43:30

battle

00:43:31

that became synonymous with the Battle of Kursk,

00:43:35

time will pass and these flying, crawling,

00:43:39

belching flame and death steel

00:43:41

machines, miraculously surviving, will become museum

00:43:45

exhibits and the memory of eyewitnesses will be able to

00:43:48

return us to the house

00:43:56

[music]

00:44:03

betrayed for the first time confusion tigers and

00:44:06

panthers and Ferdinand, battle

00:44:10

formations deployed and rushed to attack in the steppe

00:44:15

expanse

00:44:16

on the hills in the ravines and enemies in populated

00:44:22

areas, tank battles began,

00:44:25

fierce and unprecedented scales of

00:44:28

the battle surpassed the human

00:44:31

image, hundreds of tanks,

00:44:34

aircraft guns turned into mountains of scrap iron

00:44:39

in the darkness, the sun, its spruce disk breaks through

00:44:44

clouds of smoke and the dust from thousands of

00:44:47

simultaneously exploding shells and

00:44:49

bombs

00:44:50

from the impacts of shells, the armor would make a hellish rattle,

00:44:54

soot from burning vehicles, the tank

00:44:59

horde of Manstein,

00:45:01

this whole iron menagerie, with the

00:45:05

trunks of their guns raised high,

00:45:07

slowly creeps onto our front line, the

00:45:11

shells of our anti-tank guns,

00:45:14

hitting the frontal armor of the tiger, ricochet

00:45:16

comfort they put candles in the sky

00:45:20

and yet tigers and panthers crawl with

00:45:26

caution,

00:45:27

afraid to approach our thirty-

00:45:29

fourth so as not to fall under shells

00:45:32

on board

00:45:34

[music]

00:46:11

this offensive I had to command the

00:46:15

11th Guards Army, which marched during

00:46:19

this period, the

00:46:20

composition of the western front army in its own way the

00:46:24

composition was very strong, it was attacking a

00:46:31

separate independent operational

00:46:36

phenomenon, it was the task that would defeat a lost

00:46:46

[music]

00:46:50

our lesson on the sector of the eastern front,

00:46:53

within 48 hours, radical changes took place

00:46:55

here, the crisis continued to

00:46:58

develop with incredible speed and the

00:47:02

four-day map to power when the

00:47:04

enemy barely managed to wedge into

00:47:05

our defense the

00:47:06

offensive by the 9th Army is already hopelessly outdated, it

00:47:11

cannot continue until

00:47:14

and cannot be continued then, Manstein was

00:47:29

still trying to save the situation, although

00:47:31

after the battle of Prokhorovka the

00:47:33

Soviet troops began to attack,

00:47:35

he again decided to break through to Kursk from the south

00:47:38

and again unsuccessfully stopping the

00:47:43

battle now would probably mean missing out

00:47:45

victory, I arrived at the command post of the

00:47:47

Voronezh front where the

00:47:50

commander of the steppe front, General

00:47:52

Kanev, was already there in the evening of the same day, I met with

00:47:55

Vasilievsky in order to achieve better

00:47:58

conditions for the counter-offensive of both

00:48:00

fronts, we all decided to

00:48:03

continue the launched counter-attack even more energetically,

00:48:07

our offensive developed

00:48:09

inevitable in its course of course, the

00:48:12

operational situation influenced,

00:48:14

but most importantly it followed the chosen

00:48:16

strategy 20 despite bad weather,

00:48:22

offensive operations

00:48:24

continued successfully at this time,

00:48:28

fierce bloody battles were taking place on all sectors of the front,

00:48:30

hundreds of tanks and

00:48:33

self-propelled guns were burning,

00:48:35

and the Nazi troops, having lost faith in victory,

00:48:38

gradually

00:48:41

switched to defensive actions the

00:48:46

actions of our troops were part of a

00:48:49

pre-thought out and planned

00:48:51

operation, so the Kutuzov operation was

00:48:53

developed even before the start of the battle;

00:48:55

it remained to complete the task of dismembering and

00:48:58

destroying the main enemy group; the

00:49:00

operation was waiting in the wings; commander

00:49:02

Rumyantsev; the offensive of the Voronezh and

00:49:05

steppe fronts on Belgorod; Kharkov

00:49:07

was a surprise for the enemy every time;

00:49:09

style of spending three

00:49:17

days of the offensive in more ammunition

00:49:19

than was needed to conquer France, the

00:49:21

German army suffered colossal

00:49:23

losses and did not achieve any results,

00:49:25

realizing this, I decided to voluntarily go over to the

00:49:28

Russians, it was the tenth day of the battle on the

00:49:31

Kursk Bulge and not a single Wehrmacht had the

00:49:33

opportunity to taste the joy of victory

00:49:39

[ music]

00:49:42

for our offensive in the Kursk area

00:49:45

proceeds slowly due to strong

00:49:47

enemy resistance on the morning of July 15, the

00:49:55

remnants of our battalion, unable to withstand the onslaught of the

00:49:57

Russians, fled in panic

00:50:00

[music] on

00:50:11

July 16, the enemy finally

00:50:14

stopped and began to withdraw their

00:50:17

rear to Belgorod. July 17 was discovered and

00:50:23

withdrawal of troops is

00:50:27

[ __ ] ointment due to the strong advance of

00:50:30

the enemy further holding

00:50:32

the citadel is

00:50:33

not possible our

00:50:35

offensive stops has

00:50:40

subsided we can also use this

00:50:43

victory if we strike the stav forces edit

00:50:46

such points that the Germans will be faced with the

00:50:48

choice of either suffering a final

00:50:50

defeat in the east

00:50:51

or allowing our successful invasion

00:50:53

back joint military actions can

00:50:57

now ensure the final victory and speed it up

00:51:04

[music]

00:51:10

[music]

00:51:14

we must withdraw several asus formations from the front as soon as possible,

00:51:18

this is a very

00:51:21

difficult decision, we have nothing else

00:51:23

left

00:51:29

my Fuhrer,

00:51:30

I draw attention to the fact that at the

00:51:33

moment I I can’t remove a single formation from the front,

00:51:37

and here in the rear I have partisans everywhere

00:51:39

who are still not only not defeated but are

00:51:41

increasingly strengthening

00:51:43

400 curse the version on the railway

00:51:47

[music]

00:51:50

just to hold the road in the near

00:51:54

future we will take away divisions with the threat and even

00:51:56

several tank several infantry

00:51:58

divisions

00:52:01

we have horses, just not tank ones, I

00:52:09

have created a

00:52:10

desperate situation, this must be realized,

00:52:15

I and we would have found it at a crisis point and

00:52:19

another corporal assessed the war and the

00:52:23

bathing company commander told us that

00:52:27

in three or four days we would be in Kursk,

00:52:29

he demanded that we regardless of

00:52:32

any casualties, they made their way forward, the division

00:52:35

suffered heavy losses but were forced to

00:52:38

retreat due to unrest

00:52:41

[music]

00:52:48

as a result of the failure of the citadel offensive

00:52:52

they suffered a decisive defeat

00:52:56

[music]

00:53:09

there he already had a big time on the eastern

00:53:12

front there were no calm days

00:53:15

[music]

00:53:32

the short Norman offensive

00:53:34

means in the first days of this month

00:53:36

there was a tea attempt to raise the

00:53:39

morale of the German people, the

00:53:41

Russians did not allow them to be captured, they

00:53:45

began to implement their own

00:53:47

ukry boy chamber plans that were

00:53:49

coordinated with the entire offensive

00:53:51

strategy of the united nations, I have

00:53:53

never seen more dedicated determination and

00:53:56

dedication than those that were

00:53:58

shown by the Russians people and Russian

00:54:00

armies on

00:54:01

August 5, 1943, Soviet troops

00:54:06

liberated the city of Belgorod and Orel

00:54:09

Moscow saluted with twenty

00:54:11

artillery salvoes from 120 guns

00:54:15

this was the first victorious salute of the Great

00:54:19

Patriotic War the

00:54:20

first hugs the first words of

00:54:23

gratitude

00:54:24

went to the tankmen of the 17th Guards

00:54:27

Tank Brigade Colonel Shulgin

00:54:32

to the soldiers of the 5th Infantry Division Colonel

00:54:36

Mikhalitsyn and the 129th Infantry Division of

00:54:41

Colonel Pinchuk and the 380th Infantry

00:54:46

Division of Colonel Kustov,

00:54:52

perhaps no lessons are as

00:54:55

useful as the lessons of history. Bismarck believed

00:54:59

that the war with Russia and was extremely dangerous

00:55:01

for the Germans.

00:55:03

Wehrmacht lieutenant Count von Ign views from his

00:55:07

own experience was convinced of the

00:55:09

validity of these warnings, he

00:55:12

ended up captured by us on July 12,

00:55:15

1943, he was elected vice-president of the

00:55:17

anti-fascist

00:55:19

national committee created in Moscow, free Germany

00:55:21

from the grandfather of the conqueror to the grandson of the anti-fascists,

00:55:24

this plot is symbolic especially after the

00:55:27

radical turning point in the Second World

00:55:29

War, as a result of success in the Soviet

00:55:32

army, the fire of the

00:55:34

anti-fascist movement flared up even brighter in Europe, the

00:55:36

Communist Party of France began preparations for an

00:55:39

armed uprising, the

00:55:41

union of Polish patriots was formed, and

00:55:43

later the Polish people's army

00:55:46

intensified; the partisan movement in

00:55:48

Czechoslovakia; Bulgaria; the

00:55:51

People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia was created; a

00:55:54

national liberation committee was created;

00:55:57

the Communist Party of Hungary developed a program for

00:56:00

Hungary's path to freedom; the

00:56:08

very height of the Battle of Kursk,

00:56:10

Anglo-American troops landed in

00:56:13

Sicily, the

00:56:14

fascist regime in Italy was arrested,

00:56:19

sahlene

00:56:28

fascism has less and less room on

00:56:31

earth,

00:56:40

the order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief,

00:56:43

today, August 23, troops of the steppe

00:56:47

front,

00:56:48

with active assistance from the flanks, troops of the

00:56:51

Voronezh and southwestern fronts as

00:56:54

a result of fierce battles broke the

00:56:57

enemy's resistance and took the city of Kharkov by storm -

00:57:04

this was the last. the Battle of Kursk

00:57:09

was 625 days away from victory, why does a

00:57:22

soldier dream of a war ten years later,

00:57:26

20 years later, and 40 years later, why do soldiers remember the war,

00:57:32

because war is grief, and human memory has the

00:57:36

happy property of smoothing out,

00:57:39

erasing bitter scars, so war is remembered,

00:57:45

why

00:57:48

a person has tested himself both to bend and to

00:57:52

break

00:57:54

neighbor comrades

00:57:58

experienced on such a fierce training ground

00:58:00

worse than which no fantasy can come up with

00:58:06

because war is a bitter uninvited couple

00:58:09

of life and also a couple of great faith and

00:58:13

pride for their land for their people

00:58:21

for themselves

00:58:22

[music] [music]

00:58:45

[applause]

00:58:54

[music]

Description:

Стратегия победы. Стальной плацдарм ▶Подписаться на канал "Советское телевидение": https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiVZttFkdEwMi3QXpRqFTzQ?sub_confirmation=1 Год производства: 1984 Из цикла документальных фильмов "Стратегия победы". Фильм о стратегических наступательных операциях Красной Армии в июле-августе 1943 г.: Курской оборонительной операции (5 — 23 июля), Орловской (12 июля — 18 августа) и Белгородско-Харьковской (3 — 23 августа). Кадры советской и трофейной немецкой кинохроники передают накал самого крупного танкового сражения в истории, в котором с обеих сторон участвовало около 2 миллионов человек, 6000 танков и 4000 самолётов. Своими воспоминаниями делятся маршалы Советского Союза А.Василевский, Г.Жуков и С.Руденко. 1984 Автор сценария - П. Демидов Режиссер - Станислав Белянинов Оператор - Владимир Мелетин Специальный приз Х| Всесоюзного фестиваля телевизионных фильмов (Киев, 1985 г). #стратегияпобеды #победа #война #ВОВ #великаяотечественнаявойна #история #ссср #историяссср #документы #курскаядуга Мы в соцсетях: Яндекс. Дзен - https://dzen.ru/fond Telegram - https://t.me/gosteleradiofond VK - https://vk.com/teleradiofond OK - https://ok.ru/gosteleradiofond ▶Подписаться на канал "Советское телевидение": https://www.youtube.com/@gtrftv?sub_confirmation=1

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