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  • ruRussian
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00:00:00
[music]
00:00:16
[music]
00:00:19
[applause]
00:00:27
[music]
00:00:30
Great, friends, Krepachevsky and
00:00:33
Thank you very much already, and
00:00:36
I’m celebrating my fourth birthday with
00:00:38
your company, so friends, huge
00:00:42
Respect to you for subscribing to this
00:00:44
channel, huge respect for watching the
00:00:45
videos on it, in general, it makes me happy to provide
00:00:48
you with interesting educational
00:00:50
content and every time I really
00:00:52
hope to tell you something new.
00:00:55
So today’s video will not be
00:00:57
an exception, I decided to tell you about a
00:01:00
seemingly quite obvious and
00:01:02
simple thing for any tuning lover
00:01:04
this is about the housing of his turbine, probably
00:01:07
special connoisseurs of the Russian language will now
00:01:10
once again begin to reproach me for
00:01:12
why this, you see? I don’t use the
00:01:14
traditional word turbine housing, but
00:01:17
I use some kind of overseas housing. It’s
00:01:21
not clear what it is. I’ll explain. Once again
00:01:24
for such sofas
00:01:25
experts that I use foreign
00:01:28
concepts in the first place for those people who
00:01:31
heard this concept for the first time begin to
00:01:33
google and become interested in what it is
00:01:36
and, of course, most often the search for
00:01:39
what it is and how it will lead them
00:01:42
to foreign resources And on foreign
00:01:45
resources it is significant to search for this information
00:01:46
it’s easier by using the
00:01:49
correct English words. Therefore, in the
00:01:52
future in this video I will
00:01:55
use the word housing and
00:01:57
not housing because housing and housing
00:02:00
are AKA the same thing. So let’s
00:02:04
figure out what the whole point is. What
00:02:07
function do turbine housings perform and
00:02:10
how important are they? for the
00:02:13
safety of those who sit
00:02:16
behind the wheel and next to it, so let’s figure it
00:02:19
out. So, in order to understand
00:02:22
how important turbine housing is, we need
00:02:24
to understand why we need a turbine at all; it’s the most
00:02:26
necessary thing; its essence is
00:02:29
that it takes the energy of exhaust gases
00:02:31
and allows we get from about a
00:02:35
200-horsepower engine, increase the pressure in
00:02:39
the piping to about 1 bar 300
00:02:43
horsepower, that is, the turbine itself
00:02:45
helps us achieve the power
00:02:47
that is basically impossible without it, and
00:02:50
I think you understand perfectly well
00:02:52
that one of the main one the most
00:02:55
key thing in the production and
00:02:58
use of turbocharging is its
00:03:00
safety because the
00:03:03
turbine passes a huge amount of air through itself,
00:03:06
it pumps up a fairly high
00:03:09
pressure, the essence is that
00:03:10
the turbine does this directly into the
00:03:12
internal combustion engine, a
00:03:14
colossal flow of air, as I already
00:03:16
said, passes through it and for in
00:03:18
order to achieve such high results, the
00:03:21
turbine needs to rotate and rotate
00:03:23
quite strongly. Take, for example, a
00:03:26
grinder in your hands and remove the casing from it and for
00:03:29
safety, agree so-so and
00:03:32
turn it on. Frankly speaking, being
00:03:34
next to such a tool is not
00:03:37
that pleasant. But there is a small one, but the
00:03:40
grinder rotates up to about 8.5 Well, on
00:03:45
average 10 thousand revolutions per minute and it’s already
00:03:48
quite scary. But now
00:03:51
Imagine that under your hood in such an
00:03:54
aluminum or cast iron casing
00:03:57
there is a part that, being in a
00:04:00
rather aggressive environment, and cold
00:04:04
housing, that is, the cold part of the turbine
00:04:07
heats up the air is up to 100 degrees and the
00:04:09
average temperature of the exhaust housing,
00:04:12
that is, turbine housing, is something in the region of
00:04:16
700-750 degrees. In such an environment,
00:04:20
you have a hefty impeller, sharp at its
00:04:24
edges, rotating at a speed of revolutions in the
00:04:27
region of 150,
00:04:29
more than 200 thousand, that is, comparing with an
00:04:34
angle grinder. This about 20 times faster
00:04:36
Of course, I doubt that anyone wants
00:04:40
their impeller
00:04:42
to break into pieces, but they can do it
00:04:45
Absolutely without problems, and many
00:04:48
famous manufacturers Yes Why do many of them,
00:04:50
including Garrett, for
00:04:54
example, conduct a huge number of
00:04:56
tests on how their turbine
00:04:59
behaves under extreme loads, but
00:05:03
let's move from words to numbers and
00:05:05
discuss a little what happens
00:05:07
in the end to the turbine when it leaves
00:05:10
its normal speed and what this
00:05:14
can promise. So let's imagine a
00:05:16
hefty city
00:05:19
gt55r and accelerate it to 140 Well, okay, 130
00:05:25
thousand revolutions per minute, you will agree,
00:05:29
a lot, also taking into account the fact that it has a
00:05:32
huge compressor wheel, now we
00:05:35
will talk specifically about the Compressor,
00:05:37
imagine this thing rotating at
00:05:40
130 thousand revolutions per minute, the diameter of the
00:05:43
x-driver, we will talk a little later What
00:05:46
is industrial and the exdusor of the
00:05:49
turbine is in the region of
00:05:51
111.5 mm
00:05:53
So the speed of the blade of this turbine will be
00:05:57
about 800 meters per second
00:06:01
How can this be compared Well, at least with a
00:06:03
rifle cartridge
00:06:05
whose speed is approximately the same
00:06:08
So what do we have we have a
00:06:11
compressor wheel with a diameter 111.5 mm
00:06:15
which rotates at a speed of 800 meters
00:06:19
per second and the whole thing is
00:06:21
under your hood, I wonder what kind of energy
00:06:24
this very
00:06:26
compressor wheel has at the moment when
00:06:27
it is ready to burst if we
00:06:30
calculate its speed based on the diameter of the wheel
00:06:32
the energy that accumulated in
00:06:35
it right before its rupture will come out
00:06:37
to be 8.5, approximately 8.5 thousand
00:06:41
Newtons per meter, you agree, it’s
00:06:44
not even a little Yes, energy can also be calculated in newtons per meter,
00:06:47
but if we
00:06:50
turn to the same bullet about which
00:06:52
we said that it will weigh 16 grams,
00:06:54
then when fired from a rifle, the energy
00:06:57
it releases will be
00:06:59
only 470 Newtons,
00:07:03
and now Imagine that inside
00:07:06
your compressor part of the turbine
00:07:10
there is a thing that combines
00:07:13
together and accumulates, or rather, the
00:07:16
energy from 17 bullets which They’ll shoot
00:07:21
at once, you’ll agree, this is quite dangerous.
00:07:23
Especially considering that in the
00:07:26
end the compressor wheel is
00:07:28
quite sharp at its edges and will fly apart
00:07:31
very, very violently. Well, let’s
00:07:33
make allowance for the fact that in the
00:07:35
end our compressor wheel
00:07:37
will not burst immediately; it will be done in
00:07:40
three parts as this
00:07:43
happens quite often. But even so, taking
00:07:46
into account the fact that a certain amount of
00:07:48
energy will extinguish our housing, the
00:07:51
energy itself will be spent on
00:07:53
breaking this very compressor wheel,
00:07:55
even according to the most minimal calculations, we
00:07:58
get that the danger of everything that
00:08:00
happens inside will
00:08:03
average 11 shots at point-blank range with this same
00:08:06
rifle, you
00:08:08
will agree, having such knowledge.
00:08:11
The thought of moving, for example,
00:08:13
the engine somewhere in the interior
00:08:14
space in order to change, for
00:08:17
example, the weight distribution of the car is already
00:08:20
starting to seem quite stupid. So
00:08:23
why can your
00:08:25
compressor wheel get tired turbines and what
00:08:27
we talked about before can happen to it,
00:08:29
well, firstly,
00:08:31
fatigue always begins to accumulate in it, so when
00:08:34
buying a turbine 20-30 years ago, I
00:08:37
certainly understand that those now lovers of
00:08:40
authenticity who watch this channel
00:08:42
will say something like that to mine will make
00:08:44
so much The factory turbine and all dear
00:08:47
friends do not need to count on the fact that when
00:08:49
buying an old turbine it will not be
00:08:51
tired, it will be very, very
00:08:54
tired and most likely it will have to be
00:08:56
repaired. So having an old
00:08:59
engine means that you will have to
00:09:01
spend more money on By the way, it’s
00:09:06
not always possible to find these original new whole spare parts for it
00:09:10
because,
00:09:12
again, referring to what kind of
00:09:14
hot parts there are, many manufacturers
00:09:16
make hot parts for themselves, for
00:09:19
example the same Nissan Yes, the
00:09:21
RB turbine is based on an old one Well because the
00:09:24
turbine doesn’t seem to be a young city, but
00:09:26
I apologize. Where did you see
00:09:28
this flange, and in order to
00:09:30
install a turbine on this engine you need
00:09:33
just such a flange because its outlet
00:09:35
implies exactly this You will find this form
00:09:38
somewhere like this Even if in
00:09:41
some specialized turbine store I
00:09:42
very much doubt that the rb26 motor also
00:09:46
actually uses garrettes, but
00:09:49
unfortunately the flange from the rb26
00:09:51
of course is a little reminiscent of the GT 28
00:09:54
garretts, but no, it is absolutely not gt28 And
00:10:00
you will have to make the flange
00:10:01
yourself or buy a separate
00:10:04
Nissan turbine, which is kind of It also costs quite a
00:10:06
bit of money, the more Why does
00:10:09
almost every turbine get tired?
00:10:12
Of course, from the fact that it constantly
00:10:14
goes to boost, then goes off from boost, goes to
00:10:16
boost, goes off from boost, for this very
00:10:20
reason, a lot of turbines on commercial
00:10:22
vehicles begin to die out if
00:10:25
we, for example, Let's take a turbine for
00:10:26
buses. The bus has a certain
00:10:29
route along which it travels most often.
00:10:33
What kind of bus is diesel?
00:10:36
Accordingly, you need to give the maximum
00:10:39
boost from below in order for the diesel to
00:10:42
move and in order for the Diesel to start
00:10:44
pulling, respectively, from low speeds
00:10:47
the diesel bus turbine begins to
00:10:50
reach its maximum and
00:10:52
spin up But between stops, as
00:10:55
a rule, there is not that much of an interval and
00:10:57
therefore the turbine inflates, deflates,
00:11:01
inflates, deflates, for this
00:11:04
reason, the turbine on commercial vehicles
00:11:07
is one of the consumables, even if
00:11:09
they do not rotate very much, but Let's
00:11:12
see where exactly the voltage is concentrated
00:11:15
in the Compressor wheel Here
00:11:18
This and the pictures show that the main
00:11:21
place of stress is located near the
00:11:23
ex-vent of the cold part. That is, near
00:11:27
its outlet part, it is in this place that
00:11:29
the turbine begins to expand,
00:11:32
deform and subsequently
00:11:34
crack due to which this can
00:11:37
happen due to the fact that you took for example
00:11:38
some old turbine on
00:11:40
your car and suddenly decided that
00:11:42
you see, I want to get more
00:11:44
power but at the same time
00:11:46
I’m not going to change the turbocharger and you start
00:11:48
spinning it up, entering from its normal
00:11:51
range, the paranormal range, we
00:11:53
actually talked separately in the video about
00:11:55
how to inflate the turbine there you can safely get
00:11:58
acquainted with how
00:12:00
turbo maps are generally calculated and you will learn a lot of useful things about
00:12:02
turbines for yourself. The essence
00:12:05
here is that when you take
00:12:07
the turbine out of its normal
00:12:08
speed range, you begin to twist it,
00:12:10
along with twisting it puts a
00:12:12
large load on the shaft, a large load
00:12:15
does not only on the shaft But also on compressor wheels,
00:12:18
including wheels and on turbine wheels. By the way, and
00:12:21
at one fine moment all this
00:12:23
begins to burst. There is
00:12:25
also such a useful thing on turbines
00:12:27
called corrugation, which is put on
00:12:30
here and very often during a boost when
00:12:33
here at your
00:12:34
pressure begins to drop very strongly because the
00:12:36
turbine sucks out everything to the last
00:12:38
atom. Forgive me, God, every last
00:12:40
molecule, from here this pipe
00:12:42
begins to collapse at the moment when
00:12:45
it collapses, your turbine,
00:12:48
we, rotated by the turbine wheel,
00:12:50
continues to rotate, there
00:12:53
is nothing left for it to catch And it has deformation of the
00:12:55
compressor wheel begins, it begins
00:12:57
to stretch and at one
00:12:59
point, in quotes, it bursts. So
00:13:02
the turbine can be destroyed in principle
00:13:04
without wanting to absolutely calmly and in this
00:13:07
case in this case it is better if this
00:13:11
happens as far as possible from you
00:13:13
because
00:13:14
the housings are, of course, designed but if
00:13:17
we are now talking about famous
00:13:18
manufacturers and not Chinese no-name,
00:13:20
Chinese no-name, we take everything correctly
00:13:23
at our own peril and risk, so if we
00:13:26
look at the section of the housing, we will see
00:13:28
that in the upper part of it, in the
00:13:31
cold and in the hot part, there is a
00:13:33
fairly large thickening which
00:13:35
first of all, it was made so that
00:13:37
this turbine could be used
00:13:39
safely, and look at what the
00:13:43
housing looks like after a
00:13:45
hot wheel flies in it,
00:13:48
how everything is crumbled into fragments.
00:13:51
I think it’s not worth talking about and
00:13:54
focusing on the fact that this is practically the
00:13:56
most there is a real, very,
00:13:59
very powerful shatter grenade, so
00:14:01
be careful with this, for this
00:14:04
very reason, in many professional
00:14:06
competitions you can see that on the
00:14:08
exhaust, which is usually
00:14:10
very short in motorsports,
00:14:12
additional grilles are installed so
00:14:14
that at least they stop the pieces
00:14:18
flying everywhere the sides of
00:14:20
your impeller are not in sight of the Lord's turbine,
00:14:24
some people ask themselves a completely reasonable
00:14:26
question: Does the roughness of my, so to
00:14:30
speak, compressor part of this very one affect
00:14:33
how it works because the
00:14:37
same ones, for example Bork Warner,
00:14:38
say that their casting is becoming
00:14:41
cleaner and cleaner the roughness inside the
00:14:44
cochlea is getting better and better, and
00:14:47
you see,
00:14:49
by reducing this very
00:14:51
roughness, there are fewer
00:14:52
turbulences in the boundary layer between the
00:14:55
body and the air flow that
00:14:58
passes there and the turbine works better and
00:15:01
more efficiently, in fact, I found
00:15:03
several tests on this matter and
00:15:06
the greatest regret if
00:15:09
there is any benefit from this,
00:15:11
if there is any benefit from this from
00:15:14
reducing the roughness, then it is so
00:15:16
spherical in a vacuum that you will
00:15:19
never feel this in your car in life,
00:15:21
so polishing the inside of the turbine is
00:15:23
not worth anything useful from
00:15:26
this you have it won’t work Let’s
00:15:28
talk in more detail about what kind of
00:15:30
housing there are, as I already said, there is
00:15:33
inlet housing, there is exhaust housing, first of all,
00:15:35
of course, we will talk
00:15:37
about the snails of the exhaust housing. And here you
00:15:40
need to understand that in one case, and in the second
00:15:42
case, this is a change in the section along a
00:15:46
certain radius that is, that the
00:15:48
Cold and the hot part works on the
00:15:50
principle of the same Funnel, that is, at the
00:15:54
beginning of the Funnel, the flow speed is small,
00:15:55
closer to the narrowing of its neck, the flow
00:15:58
accelerates, respectively, they work
00:16:01
completely differently and we will start talking to you
00:16:03
precisely with exhaust housing
00:16:05
When you have an exhaust the flow enters a
00:16:09
certain section of the housing, that is,
00:16:12
this part of it, it has a
00:16:17
certain cross section here.
00:16:19
As it passes here, the cross section
00:16:22
begins to decrease. And this means
00:16:26
that in the end, having finally
00:16:28
accelerated, it begins to
00:16:30
rotate your turbine wheel with all this energy
00:16:35
rotates your turbine and you get
00:16:37
power by itself, these same
00:16:41
hot housings come in a wide variety of sizes.
00:16:44
If you and I use the most
00:16:46
standard gradation of everyone who gets
00:16:48
that there are chaotics T-25 T3 T4 and T6, how do
00:16:54
they differ from each other? Look at
00:16:56
this picture, you see that starting from the
00:16:59
smallest T-25 and ending with 56
00:17:02
housing. Namely, its cross-section and flow
00:17:06
area, or rather, this is how it
00:17:08
becomes more and more, of
00:17:10
course, this affects
00:17:13
which engines use
00:17:15
turbines with one or another hot housing.
00:17:19
That is, the T-25, for example, is used on the
00:17:22
rb26 engine where not one
00:17:25
but two small turbines are installed on a single,
00:17:27
no one will use a
00:17:29
T-25 turbine engine with a 2.5 liter engine; a
00:17:32
turbine with a cross-section of the
00:17:35
T3 flange will be used because it is larger
00:17:38
accordingly. If you are already going
00:17:40
to your RB Jay Z or another motor
00:17:43
to screw on a turbine from KAMAZ there
00:17:46
will already be used even more of a flange,
00:17:47
this is T4, respectively. Well, if you have already
00:17:51
decided,
00:17:52
well, we won’t talk about T6 at all, I
00:17:55
doubt that anyone in principle
00:17:57
uses it on civilian vehicles. Forgive me, God,
00:18:00
the car is like that It would seem that Well,
00:18:04
okay, different flanges, what can this
00:18:06
influence? This can influence what kind of
00:18:09
air ratio you have. What is the
00:18:11
ar-ratio?
00:18:19
radius, this is the
00:18:23
area that changes, if we
00:18:25
look at each point of change in
00:18:28
the radius, then it will be comparable to
00:18:30
How the area of ​​the cross section
00:18:34
through which the air flow passes changes,
00:18:35
if we display this whole thing in the
00:18:38
picture, it will look
00:18:40
like this, so this is how we have it with you, the
00:18:43
cross-section of the T-25 is far from the cross-section of the
00:18:47
same thing, for example, the T4 flange, then the
00:18:51
r064 on the T-25 will be one for the same
00:18:55
power and absolutely the same AR
00:18:58
ratio, a completely different
00:19:00
cross-sectional area will have a completely different power,
00:19:04
that is, the AR ratio it shows
00:19:07
you How can you, within your own range, for
00:19:10
example, the same T4 T3 or T25, without
00:19:13
going beyond their limits, count on
00:19:15
what air flow will pass?
00:19:18
Of course, Not only this cross-section And not
00:19:22
only the radius will influence how much
00:19:24
your turbine is capable of pumping. You
00:19:27
have a turbine a wheel that will also
00:19:30
determine which lever your
00:19:34
exhaust gases interact with when they get into the
00:19:37
hot part of the turbine. And most importantly,
00:19:38
how effectively will you clean these exhaust
00:19:41
gases from the turbine, which means that
00:19:44
you can take your standard housing
00:19:47
and bore it for a larger turbine
00:19:50
wheel Exactly this is how
00:19:53
hybrid turbines appear. When your relationship does not change,
00:19:56
you have a certain
00:19:59
cross-section and a certain radius, they do not
00:20:02
change, but with all this,
00:20:04
that is, this is the part of the impeller into
00:20:07
which the flow enters, and
00:20:10
accordingly, you
00:20:12
rotate your turbine wheel with a large lever and together At the
00:20:15
same time, your ex-duster increases, that
00:20:18
is, X, that is, your output increases
00:20:21
and your input increases, your output increases. And this
00:20:24
means that through your turbine you
00:20:26
are able to pump a larger volume of
00:20:28
exhaust gases and create more
00:20:31
power along with it. This is approximately how
00:20:35
it works all and the industrial and
00:20:37
exdusor are both on the turbine and on the
00:20:40
Compressor wheel, but they are only located
00:20:42
on different sides, here we have a
00:20:44
small one, the ex-duzer on the
00:20:47
Compressor wheel
00:20:49
of the Indian will be small and the ex-dosor will be
00:20:52
large, everything is quite simple. Of course,
00:20:55
there is another type of housing in which
00:20:58
are called Twins Crow, what exactly is
00:21:00
this Twin Scroll Twin Crow is
00:21:02
when you have a fever, not like here
00:21:05
with one entrance, but this entrance is divided
00:21:08
in half and divides everything, this entire
00:21:12
radius, which here extends this entire
00:21:13
area into two snails, that is, double
00:21:16
Twin scroll snail why is this done in
00:21:19
order to make your turbine which,
00:21:21
as a rule, is something
00:21:23
like T4, that is, large, the most
00:21:26
efficient in the entire speed range,
00:21:28
we have already said a word about how much
00:21:30
more productive the scroll trend is, but
00:21:32
now let’s repeat ourselves a little
00:21:34
Most optimally, this entire
00:21:38
area is divided into
00:21:41
overlapping phases of some cylinders from others and
00:21:44
you do not have any
00:21:46
flow of exhaust
00:21:49
orders from one cylinder to another inside your exhaust receiver; they are
00:21:52
strictly separated from each other. With all
00:21:55
this, you need to understand what to
00:21:58
do Twin Scroll turbine
00:21:59
in order to use the
00:22:01
Twin Scroll turbine more accurately, you need a
00:22:03
Twin manifold and you need two
00:22:05
wastegates, by the way, a little bit of wastegates,
00:22:09
what is this anyway? Why do I need
00:22:11
news? This is a dump valve, again, it
00:22:14
can be implied in your mind, for example,
00:22:16
like here on this one
00:22:18
You see in the turbine there is a certain gate. Or maybe it’s
00:22:21
not meant as an example
00:22:23
in this one, it implies an
00:22:24
external weight gay, again, in order to
00:22:27
use the Winx roll turbine
00:22:29
you will need either two wastegates or a
00:22:31
gate that discharges simultaneously
00:22:35
through two channels independent of each
00:22:37
other and now I would like to say separately
00:22:39
for those guys who want to buy a
00:22:41
canvas from KAMAZ, doing all this simply with a
00:22:45
built-in wastegate will not work
00:22:47
since it is a KamAZ and the power there is completely
00:22:50
different, the volumes of gases are completely different there and
00:22:53
most importantly the reliability there is completely
00:22:54
different, they decided not to do the canvas
00:22:57
bother and made a built-in
00:22:59
wastegate, but it resets only from
00:23:01
one half of the scroll, so
00:23:02
installing it on a gasoline engine
00:23:04
was a pleasure because one of the
00:23:06
halves of the turbine will constantly be
00:23:08
twisted and destroy your engine, in
00:23:10
my opinion the situation is so-so, well, let's
00:23:13
continue Of course There are a huge
00:23:15
number of all sorts of gadgets that
00:23:17
allow your hefty T4 turbine to
00:23:20
reach the chair a little faster,
00:23:22
using again the features of this very
00:23:24
Winx Crawl, for example, the same Quicks
00:23:26
Pool valve that, with a separate flap,
00:23:29
closes one of the Winx Crow halves for you, the
00:23:32
essence is that
00:23:34
thanks
00:23:35
to the closure With a conventional manifold, you do
00:23:37
n’t have a winskroll; all the energy of the exhaust
00:23:40
gases that goes into the exhaust rotates
00:23:43
exactly half of the turbine by itself,
00:23:45
it does it quickly enough and you get
00:23:48
Profit. But the problem is that yes,
00:23:52
when you reach a certain
00:23:54
speed, the second part will open. But
00:23:56
over time this the whole thing begins
00:23:58
to jam and sour because
00:24:00
it is in a very, very aggressive
00:24:02
environment and we get that Absolutely right,
00:24:05
we get that the whole thing
00:24:06
jams, your engine overheats, the engine
00:24:08
fails and the turbine and engine in
00:24:11
general are such a topic Well, let's go
00:24:15
with you let's talk a little about more
00:24:17
pleasant things, let's say you
00:24:19
open the
00:24:20
hood of your turbocharged car,
00:24:22
look at the turbine and think, but there
00:24:26
I have some kind of casing
00:24:28
that covers the hot part of the turbine, it's
00:24:30
needed, it's not needed at all, it's probably not
00:24:33
needed, it's all so that
00:24:35
the space it didn’t heat up and, in principle, it would be
00:24:37
nice to cool
00:24:40
or warm up the whole thing in your engine compartment. Well, few
00:24:44
people have any preferences. The essence is
00:24:46
that our internal
00:24:47
combustion engine is by no means an ideal thing, and
00:24:50
it spends a huge amount of energy on
00:24:53
heating the coolant, a
00:24:56
huge amount of energy it spends on
00:24:58
overcoming the friction inside the motor
00:25:00
and a considerable amount of energy is
00:25:03
expelled from us, again the energy we have
00:25:05
is very different,
00:25:08
including it can transform
00:25:10
mechanical energy into thermal
00:25:13
energy and that’s exactly what we need to
00:25:15
do so that the maximum
00:25:17
amount of energy that
00:25:18
occurs during the combustion of the mixture goes into our
00:25:21
power, so I found a very
00:25:24
interesting article that tells us
00:25:27
that the S63 engine from
00:25:31
BMW was used, which we already talked about at one time;
00:25:32
this
00:25:35
engine has two turbines in the camber of the
00:25:38
block it looks something like this, but
00:25:40
this is already a charged version, the
00:25:42
essence is that the guys decided
00:25:44
to see how much heat goes through the
00:25:46
turbine body. How much energy, to be
00:25:50
precise, goes through it and they came to a
00:25:54
rather interesting conclusion. Let's
00:25:56
watch. So we have a motor that
00:26:00
runs on in our standard
00:26:02
speed range, we completely remove the thermal
00:26:07
casings with its turbine, that is,
00:26:09
accordingly, our energy begins to be
00:26:10
released into the engine compartment and
00:26:13
at normal room temperature of 24
00:26:16
degrees with an area of ​​the hot part of 0.17
00:26:20
square meters, this is what
00:26:22
releases the temperature, we approximately
00:26:25
get a loss in
00:26:28
630 W Well, okay, 630w and 630 W,
00:26:33
Artemy Lebedev would say what to mumble, so the
00:26:36
problem is that
00:26:38
our power is also cotton wool and kilowatts, and one
00:26:41
horsepower is 0.7 kW, that is, about
00:26:44
700 watts, you know what I’m getting at, what we’re
00:26:49
on just by exposing the hot parts of
00:26:53
the turbine, we already lose almost one
00:26:56
horsepower if
00:26:58
the temperature starts to rise and
00:27:01
the temperature rises. It is always when
00:27:03
we increase the engine power, this is an
00:27:05
absolutely normal process, more
00:27:07
power inside the engine, more
00:27:09
temperature, more energy in cooling,
00:27:12
more energy flies out of the exhaust. you and I
00:27:15
raise the temperature by 100
00:27:17
degrees, the loss of how much heat
00:27:21
and how much energy goes into the
00:27:23
environment is no longer
00:27:25
630 watts, but 1300 W is already two
00:27:30
horsepower, and accordingly, by raising the
00:27:34
exhaust temperature by another 100 degrees, we
00:27:37
begin to lose two thousand two hundred watts and
00:27:41
it’s not just the single power that you
00:27:43
didn’t get in the engine, it’s the
00:27:46
horsepower that we talked about in the
00:27:48
video about how much power
00:27:50
the turbine takes,
00:27:51
it’s the horsepower that directly rotates the
00:27:56
turbine wheel, which will influence
00:27:59
how efficiently your turbocharger will work,
00:28:02
so you just
00:28:04
took this power and gave it to the
00:28:06
environment, agree the situation Well, it’s
00:28:10
just so-so That’s why
00:28:13
most manufacturers use
00:28:16
casings, not so that your
00:28:18
turbine starts to crack and so on,
00:28:21
it won’t start to crack because you
00:28:22
see there’s a casing installed there, but
00:28:25
because you start squeeze out
00:28:26
all the snot from the turbine, you start to fill the
00:28:29
engine with gasoline, it starts to
00:28:30
burn out the exhaust, that's why it
00:28:33
starts to crack and not because it
00:28:35
was dressed in thermal leather, the thermal casing, among other
00:28:38
things, begins to
00:28:40
influence how sharp
00:28:43
your turbine becomes. That is, constantly having a
00:28:46
hot exhaust part, that is, we have a
00:28:48
constantly hot exhaust housing
00:28:51
turbine, we get a better response from
00:28:54
the turbine, and throughout the entire
00:28:55
speed range, faster output to the spool, that
00:28:59
is, the turbine inflates. This
00:29:01
graph shows you right from the very
00:29:03
beginning, and most importantly, we have greater
00:29:06
boost, all other things being equal, here everything can be seen in
00:29:09
principle by the revolutions, so to summarize,
00:29:13
thermal insulation is needed first of all not
00:29:16
so that the engine compartment does not heat up;
00:29:17
it is needed so
00:29:20
that you effectively use the
00:29:23
energy of the exhaust gases that
00:29:26
escaped from the engine and
00:29:30
do not simply send it into the surrounding atmosphere and if
00:29:33
your exhaust manifolds are starting to burst
00:29:35
due to the heat of the turbines, then you need to
00:29:39
think about whether you got the right
00:29:41
spare parts for your engine, firstly
00:29:43
and secondly, do you have a good tuner
00:29:46
or is it not the most classic
00:29:48
diagram of connecting the turbine to the manifold -
00:29:50
naturally bolted flanges from the
00:29:52
tuning side these are T3 and T4 from the point of view of
00:29:55
factory cars there are all sorts of different
00:29:57
ways there are triangular flanges
00:29:59
semicircular five bolts 10 bolts 4
00:30:01
bolts and so on but in tuning we most
00:30:04
often encounter either T3 or T4 with the
00:30:06
exception of one single version of the
00:30:08
turbine from burgwarner where the flange with
00:30:12
4 bolts and T3 windows, which causes
00:30:14
a lot, a lot of hemorrhoids in order to
00:30:16
live completely with this. Now I’ll explain why
00:30:18
large turbines are most often screwed
00:30:21
to the engine on a long talkmound;
00:30:23
preferably equal-length collectors, but in essence,
00:30:25
how will it turn out? So what’s the point, the longer
00:30:28
the collector, the farther from The attachment point of
00:30:30
the head is the attachment point of the turbine
00:30:33
and, accordingly, since on the engine at the
00:30:35
time of its operation, especially when it is under
00:30:37
load and when the power arrives,
00:30:38
there is a huge amount of all these
00:30:41
bolted connections, how not to obscure them,
00:30:43
they have a very sad property of
00:30:45
self-disassembling at the moment when, under the
00:30:47
influence of temperatures, all these metals
00:30:49
from which the structure is assembled, starting
00:30:51
from the head and ending with the downpipe,
00:30:53
they begin to expand and contract
00:30:54
in different ways, namely, manifolds made of the same
00:30:57
grade of steel expand in one way, the
00:30:58
hot part of the turbine screwed to
00:31:01
it expands in a different way
00:31:02
because it is most likely a piece of some kind of
00:31:04
cast iron, the bolts for which all this thing is
00:31:06
twisted, it expands in a third way, and
00:31:09
so on down the list, if we
00:31:11
sprinkle it all with excess waves
00:31:12
of vibration on top, then naturally the fasteners are
00:31:14
not delivered at one point; this market
00:31:16
has one miraculous method for
00:31:18
extending the life of a turbine with bolted
00:31:20
fasteners, this is to make the exhaust
00:31:23
manifold from more Thick steel with at least
00:31:25
3 millimeters of wall so that the
00:31:26
vibrations generated by the engine can
00:31:28
settle on the way to the turbine just
00:31:31
into the thick walls of the exhaust manifold.
00:31:32
Yes, this is logical and as simple as possible
00:31:34
because the thicker the body, the more
00:31:36
vibrations in itself it can formulate;
00:31:38
the simplest thing is to connect hanging
00:31:40
air will come from the turbine with a flange
00:31:41
that is screwed to the head with some kind of
00:31:43
rod stops, something that will
00:31:45
also accumulate vibrations, and
00:31:48
this is all to say nothing of the fact that the
00:31:50
planes that you tighten must
00:31:52
be perfectly smooth; the flange plane on
00:31:54
the manifold; the freelancing plane on the hot
00:31:56
parts of the turbine and the gasket that
00:31:59
connects them to each other, it is highly not
00:32:02
recommended to use any
00:32:03
porous and soft ones. It is advisable that it
00:32:06
is just a single-layer, two-layer sheet of
00:32:08
pressed steel so that the
00:32:10
expansion of the bodies inside this very
00:32:11
connection minimally differs in
00:32:13
its properties and Yes, if you consider
00:32:16
factory-made civilian engines with turbines
00:32:18
On bolted fasteners, you will
00:32:20
most likely notice that in the
00:32:21
vast majority of cases the turbine is
00:32:23
directly attached to the block on the
00:32:26
engine or somewhere else on the head with
00:32:28
separate fasteners, and only after which
00:32:30
the manifold is bolted to it in order to
00:32:33
reduce the likelihood
00:32:34
that the fastener will sort itself out, but lo and behold,
00:32:37
not so long ago Well, not so long ago In
00:32:41
the future of the entire automotive industry, probably not
00:32:42
so long ago, but in general, for about 10 years now
00:32:44
there has been a connection called
00:32:45
viband, if my memory serves me correctly, the
00:32:48
tuning components were the first to
00:32:50
use it Tial such a
00:32:53
patient is lying here on the table, what does this
00:32:55
mean, this means that we have
00:32:57
two round flanges that fit together,
00:32:58
profiled in such a
00:33:00
way that they can be clamped with a V
00:33:02
-shaped clamp, initially with
00:33:05
branded components, it’s just that it’s a
00:33:06
fever, so both the hot
00:33:09
part and v-shaped stops of the clamp and a
00:33:12
counter flange to which the whole thing is
00:33:13
screwed and everything with which
00:33:15
they are obviously assembled from the same
00:33:17
material in order to maintain the
00:33:19
maximum similarity of the expansion of
00:33:21
all these materials to ensure an
00:33:22
ideal plane of contact with each
00:33:24
other as tight as possible
00:33:27
without losing ability to turn It’s
00:33:29
as convenient for you and As you want and not to
00:33:32
use a gasket that
00:33:34
needs to be changed after each removal of the installation,
00:33:35
and if you start talking about
00:33:37
sports cars and all sorts of racing
00:33:39
conditions,
00:33:40
cases often arise when you
00:33:42
need to remove this turbine for some reason and not
00:33:44
always install it back it is
00:33:46
necessary to remove it And someday for this
00:33:49
you can unscrew one Nut on the clamp
00:33:51
instead of the four halves of which are
00:33:53
always where Where In principle, no matter how
00:33:56
a person’s foot has stepped, now asking
00:33:58
myself the question what should I choose? I will
00:34:00
never look in the direction of bolted ones again
00:34:02
connections What kind of connections would they be T3 T4 and
00:34:05
that's all Oh yes, I forgot T-3 T4
00:34:09
T4 bolts and T3 windows 200 burgwarner
00:34:14
turbine comparable in size to the
00:34:16
city 376 plus or minus maybe a little
00:34:18
smaller approximately comparable to the
00:34:20
energy output of 3076 but a little dumber
00:34:23
in terms of revolutions, in principle, by spool, but
00:34:25
the joke is that there are free sales. You
00:34:27
can buy yourself a flange and gasket
00:34:28
either D3 or 4, which will mean that
00:34:31
you have fasteners around the perimeter of T4 and windows, and
00:34:34
this is absolutely normal because this is
00:34:35
unification. But this very borgward no matter
00:34:37
how much racing tuning it is
00:34:39
equipped with, fortunately from some
00:34:41
truck in which
00:34:43
the factory has complied with it accordingly. So the bolts
00:34:46
it will have are T4 And the windows are T3 And in the case when
00:34:49
we weld this to our racing
00:34:51
jacket, it turns out to be a
00:34:53
disaster because in addition to the vibration from the
00:34:56
engine which reaches all the
00:34:57
bolted connections, there are still
00:35:00
vibrations of gases in the manifold which, with
00:35:02
incredible speed and incredible
00:35:04
force, crash into the critical parts of the
00:35:06
T3 windows coming out of the T4 flange, which further
00:35:10
accelerates the self-disassembly of this
00:35:13
very flange so that this does not
00:35:15
happen when we use such turbines
00:35:17
Well, of course, we didn’t offer them, but we were
00:35:19
asked to always
00:35:20
make some kind of separate
00:35:22
adapter flanges, that’s all, in
00:35:24
order to smooth out the flow of gases
00:35:26
inside this connection as much as possible. And only in those
00:35:28
cases where we applied this technology did
00:35:30
it help to somehow prolong life for
00:35:32
this very fastener if now
00:35:34
Pay attention under the hood of the modern
00:35:35
automobile industry, you can clearly see that
00:35:38
even in civilian cars with civilian
00:35:39
engines all the connections are already on turbochargers.
00:35:42
Why Because,
00:35:44
firstly, automakers are just as
00:35:46
bothered with unifying their
00:35:48
product,
00:35:49
and yes, it’s really reliable and convenient
00:35:52
because that this is a connection with heating,
00:35:54
using it inside the vibrations, it
00:35:57
only gets clamped tighter and at the moment
00:35:59
when you understand the bendy, you need to
00:36:01
pick it up with something else because
00:36:03
during the work from the heating and vibrations it
00:36:06
stuck together so tightly and squeezed into each
00:36:08
other, which basically says that it
00:36:10
definitely won’t figure it out on its own, so
00:36:12
arm yourself with this knowledge and carefully
00:36:14
select the tuning that you want to
00:36:16
install for yourself because you still have to live with it.
00:36:18
Well, now we’ll move on to the fact that
00:36:21
we have a cold housen, it’s
00:36:23
actually this guy here
00:36:26
Before I talk about it, I’ll
00:36:29
tell you a very interesting point: it’s
00:36:32
made of aluminum. But hot
00:36:34
housing can also be very different; it
00:36:36
can be made from cheap,
00:36:38
ordinary mass-market cast iron,
00:36:40
which is used on factory
00:36:42
cars,
00:36:43
and I really wouldn’t experiment with it.
00:36:46
recommended because it’s
00:36:48
porous and tired of everything in general and even then it
00:36:52
might burst. There are
00:36:54
turbine
00:36:56
housings made of improved alloy
00:36:59
cast iron, which can withstand much
00:37:01
greater loads and the temperature
00:37:04
does not crack. Of course, there are
00:37:08
turbine housings also made of stainless steel,
00:37:11
they cost twice as much or even three
00:37:15
more expensive and Now the most interesting thing is that there are
00:37:18
turbine housings made of Forgive me, God,
00:37:20
aluminum, and they did it; my memory serves me right;
00:37:23
BMWs and mini-Coopers, if I’m
00:37:27
wrong, correct me for sure, I don’t remember the point
00:37:30
was that this
00:37:32
Vesely had a cylinder If memory does not
00:37:34
change the three-cylinder engine,
00:37:36
they used aluminum housing, and
00:37:39
here in the center of the engine, in my opinion, these
00:37:42
turbine housings, the sea, together with the
00:37:45
exhaust manifolds, did this all
00:37:47
primarily for environmental friendliness, but
00:37:50
let's figure out what it looks like,
00:37:52
it looks like this, we
00:37:54
have an aluminum exhaust manifold
00:37:56
which on its outer side
00:37:59
it is washed by a coolant. That is, as soon as
00:38:04
you start the engine, the temperature in the
00:38:06
cold gases is around 300 degrees,
00:38:07
your exhaust manifold immediately begins to cool, the
00:38:11
engine immediately begins to warm up, and all this is done.
00:38:13
Of course, for the sake of the environment, because
00:38:16
the faster your engine warms up the
00:38:18
faster it will stop enriching, the
00:38:19
less crap will be released into
00:38:21
the environment, the more the
00:38:23
Bears in the north will be grateful to you, and the more
00:38:26
at one point with our
00:38:28
gasoline service and other things that you
00:38:30
will start to cook this collector because
00:38:33
of course it will burst, of course, just like
00:38:36
here the center engine they will tell you that you
00:38:38
can’t cook this rubbish, that it’s one big
00:38:41
pain in a certain place and that
00:38:43
we don’t want to do this because we’ll
00:38:44
cook it, it’ll burst, look, it’ll
00:38:46
burst nearby, buy a new one and buy a new
00:38:50
exhaust manifold with hot housing
00:38:54
turbines made by BMW
00:38:57
here It’s not even worth talking about how much
00:38:59
it costs in money,
00:39:02
probably the budget of some region So,
00:39:05
dear friends, it’s better
00:39:07
to think 15 times before you buy such
00:39:09
cool newfangled things, well,
00:39:12
we’ll talk about ecology pistons a little later. Well,
00:39:14
now we have the simplest thing, after
00:39:16
all we reached the aluminum to the usual
00:39:19
compressor parts of the turbine, there is
00:39:22
actually nothing
00:39:23
Supernatural here, there is no suction, that
00:39:26
is, we have a small
00:39:27
inductor here, we have a large one here and
00:39:29
everything happens exactly the opposite,
00:39:31
like in hot housing, that is, here
00:39:33
the flow begins to accelerate and comes out
00:39:35
here the most important thing that you don’t need to
00:39:37
do here is to make a sharp exit here,
00:39:39
because you start to simply
00:39:43
destroy your turbine. I very often
00:39:45
saw how to make an almost 90-
00:39:47
degree turn here and your turbine blows
00:39:49
nowhere, it blows the wall, surely those
00:39:52
connoisseurs of such tuning of authenticity will
00:39:55
now say
00:39:57
you Don’t you know me, do we have physicists everywhere
00:39:59
when boosting, pressure at all points?
00:40:04
This sat down. Yes, the pressure at all points
00:40:07
is the same and you can
00:40:09
safely ignore all this, dear friends. Yes, it
00:40:11
exists. For example, take a bottle
00:40:14
or tank and start pumping up
00:40:16
pressure where there is no flow. All this
00:40:18
flow Yes, there at all points the pressure
00:40:21
will be the same, but here there is a flow and the
00:40:24
flow needs to pass along the optimal
00:40:26
trajectory. We already sold this whole thing in the video about exhausts,
00:40:29
I showed you
00:40:30
how at a 90-degree bend it happens
00:40:33
due to vortex and so on and so forth that only
00:40:35
with the flow doesn’t happen, in general,
00:40:37
you will refuse the turbine quite quickly,
00:40:39
or rather, it will refuse you from such a
00:40:41
good tuner, but they will probably
00:40:43
tell you that the turbine was Chinese. In general, it’s your
00:40:45
own fault, the point is
00:40:48
that here in the cold part of the world the
00:40:50
same Borg Warners make there are a lot of all
00:40:53
sorts of additional features, for example,
00:40:55
you may have a built-in additional
00:40:56
reset valve that looks like this,
00:40:58
you may have an
00:41:00
additional sensor for the speed of the turbine,
00:41:02
that is, how many revolutions it currently produces.
00:41:04
Well, probably now many
00:41:06
will ask Why do we need to know the speed of the turbine?
00:41:07
Well, at least in order to
00:41:09
starting from the Turbo maps, understand where you are
00:41:11
now according to this Turbo map, that
00:41:12
you have a boost, this is the power you now have
00:41:15
on the dyno stage, this is the
00:41:17
turbine speed, these are the ones you know, you are
00:41:19
here, these are the ones.
00:41:24
It turns out that our
00:41:25
turbine does not heat the air. Everything is fine. In
00:41:28
general, the speed sensor is very useful; it is
00:41:30
used, by the way, on the same
00:41:32
modern cars in the world. On the
00:41:35
same moisture that your brain looks at, the
00:41:37
engine looks opposite to the turbine and
00:41:39
it knows that it is at these speeds
00:41:41
our pressure is such and such So everything is ok oh
00:41:43
at these speeds the pressure is not such and such it
00:41:45
means everything is somewhere somewhere, either a leak or a
00:41:47
turbine is failing. In general, the thing is
00:41:49
incredibly useful and necessary. Of course,
00:41:53
we also have something like this at our Compressor Housing
00:41:55
here’s the thing You see here
00:41:57
it’s called antish, this is when
00:42:00
your turbine can no longer handle itself,
00:42:01
or rather no, this is when the bandage you have is
00:42:05
much more able to absorb as much
00:42:07
air as possible, but your engine is already like
00:42:09
this and it can no longer use this and you
00:42:11
the air begins to simply flow back
00:42:13
here through these holes, a
00:42:16
useful thing that allows the turbine to
00:42:19
live a little longer than nothing at all on
00:42:21
your sports engine, in general,
00:42:23
anti-surge is a very, very necessary thing.
00:42:27
Well, dear friends, I hope that
00:42:29
today I was able to tell you
00:42:31
something - something interesting about turbine
00:42:33
houses, did you understand that this is not just some kind of
00:42:35
blank that just
00:42:37
makes your turbine this or
00:42:39
that, this is a very important thing that
00:42:41
will determine how your turbine
00:42:43
works, how safe it is and, in
00:42:46
principle, much more Therefore, if
00:42:48
you were interested, be sure to like,
00:42:50
subscribe to the channel, write
00:42:52
comments, but it’s not for me to tell you about this,
00:42:54
you’re great, you know everything,
00:42:56
but meanwhile Klipashevsky was with you, I
00:42:59
don’t say goodbye
00:43:00
[music]
00:43:06
[music]
00:43:13
[music]

Description:

Всем привет, Друзья! С Вами Клепачевский и сегодня мы поговорим об одной из самых важных запчастей любого турбокомпрессора! Музыка: -БэкГраунд https://www.youtube.com/c/IgorBenditkisGuitaristandProducer -Аутро https://vk.com/inhale__ru Бенд ОНИ: https://www.faktstore.ru/collection/theyhere Хаузинг турбины, а если говорить проще ее корпус, одна из самых важных ее частей, форма корпуса будет определять то, как работает Ваша турбина, с каких именно оборотов она «раздувается», какую максимальную мощность эта турбина способна выдать и главное- подойдёт ли она вообще на Ваш мотор! От качества его исполнения будет зависеть и то, как безопасно будете эксплуатировать свой проект и вы и ваши пассажиры! Об этом и о многом другом, мы сегодня с Вами и поговорим! Приятного просмотра!

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