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Download "Битва за Урожай или Запускаю радиостанцию 40х годов СССР. Часть 4"

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hamradio
Amateur Radio (Hobby)
радиосвязь
радиолюбительство
радиолюбители
радиостанция
рация
transceiver
трансивер
связь
радиостанции
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  • ruRussian
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00:00:02
Hello everyone, I continue to restore the
00:00:05
radio station Harvest-1 This is an old
00:00:07
tube radio station produced in
00:00:10
1947, I have a memory version from 1949 and in
00:00:13
previous issues I will remind you I
00:00:14
restored the functionality of the receiver
00:00:16
and 3 radio stations, now it works and
00:00:18
Now I’ll work on the transmitter Judging by the
00:00:20
diagram of the transmitters of this radio station with two
00:00:23
cascade master a generator on a
00:00:25
6k7 lamp with quartz stabilization and a
00:00:28
power amplifier on a 6f6 lamp, later
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the lamp began to be called 6 f6s, this is the
00:00:33
same thing, and of course there is also a
00:00:35
modulation cascade, a low-frequency
00:00:37
signal to which is supplied from a carbon
00:00:39
microphone in the tube. So, two
00:00:41
high-frequency cascades and a modulator, let me
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remind you that This radio station has a
00:00:46
12-volt filament power supply and the lamps are all
00:00:49
six-volt, so the lamps in it are
00:00:51
connected in twos, the number of lamps
00:00:53
is even, they are all connected in two in
00:00:55
series so that they are powered by
00:00:57
the filament, and plus there is another 200 Volt, that’s
00:00:59
the voltage of course
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[music]
00:01:08
so that’s the output In the transmitter cascade,
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lamp 6f6 can be seen that it is lit, that its filament is
00:01:14
in order and with it the
00:01:16
modulator lamp, that
00:01:19
is, the low-frequency amplifier of
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the transmitter, is connected in series with it. This means that it is also working, at
00:01:22
least for both of these lamps the filament is in
00:01:24
order and the master oscillator lamp of the
00:01:27
transmitter 6k7 is connected in series
00:01:29
with incandescence with one of the receiver lamps, since
00:01:32
we have a receiver Now everything is
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operational, which means we can
00:01:34
conclude that based on the incandescence, the master oscillator of
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the transmitter is also a lamp in order, which means the
00:01:39
incandescence of all three transmitter lamps is in
00:01:41
order. Maybe they have losses there
00:01:43
and missions, anything else incandescence They
00:01:45
definitely have a
00:01:49
relay installed for switching reception and transmission in this radio station, which is
00:01:51
controlled from a button from the push-to-talk button to the
00:01:54
handset. I got the handset without a connector. The
00:01:56
radio station has a
00:01:58
four-pin connector installed on the body and this connector
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is designed to connect just
00:02:01
such a handset; a handset with a button; a button;
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and with a lock on the full radio station
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it can work not only like a regular
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radio station in simplex, that is, either
00:02:09
receiving or transmitting, but also in duplex and
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when we work in duplex so as not to
00:02:12
constantly hold the button, there is
00:02:14
a lock on the button that allows you to fix
00:02:16
the radio station in the emission mode at the same time
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the receiver also remains turned on
00:02:21
since the receiver and transmitters are completely
00:02:22
independent two different circuits can
00:02:24
work in parallel different two antennas
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so I didn’t have connectors and therefore
00:02:28
I installed four separate pin contacts on the wire on the handset
00:02:30
which
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fit perfectly into a socket in four
00:02:35
sockets so let’s say four contacts
00:02:37
of the four-pin socket of the connector for
00:02:39
connecting the handset, the main thing is not to confuse them
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Well, I marked them there with electrical tape for myself
00:02:43
So now the handset is connected, the
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receiver output is perfectly audible on headphones, there
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is a carbon microphone for
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the transmitter to work, there is a gear switch button,
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I press the button, you can hear
00:02:54
the relay clicking, now the radio station is
00:02:57
fed 12 volts from these 12 volts
00:02:59
powers the incandescence of all the lamps, and here is the
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transmit-on relay on the front panel of
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the radio station, there is an indication of
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operating modes by lamps, a receiving lamp, a
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transmit lamp, and a lamp for setting up the antenna,
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here is the transmit reception, these are two neon
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lamps that are switched on through 150 kohms
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to the anode voltage giving the receiving
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parts Accordingly, I apply an anode
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voltage of 200 volts and we see that the
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reception light is shining, it was also lit in previous
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videos. I also lit when
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the receiver was started. But I didn’t have
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neon transmission lights and incandescent light bulbs for
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setting up antennas. Now I
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found them, installed them in their places and when
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turning them on transmission buttons And now the
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neon transmission lights will light up And
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when we put the
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high-frequency part of the transmitter into operation and
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connect the antenna, we will also
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probably see the glow of an incandescent light bulb
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that shows the
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antenna setting In general, to tune the antenna there
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is a separate knob here, this time
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you can hear how the receiver is making noise now, here are the
00:03:58
tubes
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No, I have such interference here that it’s
00:04:03
already being picked up at the antenna terminals. Well, of course, there’s
00:04:06
a lot of all sorts of equipment turned on here,
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so I try to press the transmit button, the
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transmit lamp lights up, the reception goes out,
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if we turn on the duplex mode, the
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reception lamp will also stay on,
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somehow it’s strong the reception
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lamp starts to burn less brightly, the
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reception lamp probably dimmers, the voltage probably drops
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at the output of the power supply, the power supply has a
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weak reception mode, now it has,
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for example, 218 Volts, if I turn on the
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gear, the voltage drops right up to
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130 Volts, but for now I
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don’t have another power supply. If anything is possible like this
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add and there will also be 200 Volts on the transmission,
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the main thing is then turn down the
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receiving mode before switching Let's
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see what is happening at high
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frequency with this transmitter That is,
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now the switching of the transmission reception is working, the light
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bulbs are standing, the anode
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voltage is supplied, the receiver is working,
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we check the transmitter
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now I have a malachite receiver here
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let's listen to something on it,
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first let's listen to the operation of the receiver in
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the radio station there are two quartzes, one at a
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frequency of 2,720, the other at a frequency of 264, these
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quartzes are used both as Cana quartz
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for the transmitter and as heterogeneous ones for
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the receiver, and they can change
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places, that is, in one case
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radio stations operate at a frequency of 2,720, at
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this time Quartz 2.264 is used as a local oscillator,
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we switch to the
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second channel,
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2.264 is used as a master, that is, the radio station
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operates at 2.264 And
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Quartz 2,720 is used as a local oscillator, the
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difference between them is equal to the frequency, that is, two
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channels spaced apart friend at the
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IF frequency, thanks to this, for two
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channels only two quartz are used and
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not four, the difference between these frequencies is
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something like 456 kilohertz or something, they are 465 Well,
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this is the IF here. In general, it
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doesn’t matter in the duplex mode,
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only one Quartz is used or one or the other
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is used both as a master oscillator of
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the transmitter and as one receiver. Therefore,
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in duplex, the spacing is equal to the IF. Such a cunning
00:06:16
circuit is
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now heard on the malachite receiver,
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here you can see the local
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oscillator carrier signal at a frequency of 2.264, and
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I have it installed on malachite,
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switching the channel
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and carriers.
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Because now as local oscillator
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is used Quartz 2720 again
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we return to two 264 let's
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listen in
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single sideband modulation to make it clearer
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This tone signal
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is a local oscillator receiver at a frequency of 2.264
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minus 1 kilohertz and Let's switch the
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channel on the radio station now Leader One
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works on 2 720 let's try to set the
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frequency 2 720 2 I’ll
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dial 719 1 kilohertz lower so that
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the tone can be heard, what’s wrong is the wrong place
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[music]
00:07:16
we hear just fine the local oscillator
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at a frequency of 2,720, we look at what’s wrong with the transmission,
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if we now turn on the channel on which the
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local oscillator frequency is 2,720, then the transmission
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will be 2,264,
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but if I switch channel, now we do
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n’t see the local oscillator frequency here anymore
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at 2,720, which means 1 2,264 and
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the transmission will be 2,720 I turn on
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the transmission, I can’t hear the carriers here, the carriers don’t
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appear,
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I switched the channel here, only one
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can be heard, also the carrier 2720, not audible
00:07:54
Let’s look at 264
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MHz, here’s the local
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oscillator carrier I audibly
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press the transmission of
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the transmission there are no carriers during transmission
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does not occur if at
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least one master generated during the operation of the transmitter the
00:08:19
power amplifier did not work
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the modulator did not work then we would have malachite
00:08:24
here on the antenna located
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right next to the radio station, we would definitely see
00:08:27
the carrier if we see the work a
00:08:29
weak local oscillator that does not have an
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antenna, we see nothing on this receiver, we
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also accept the master oscillator of
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the transmitter, especially since we would have seen the received
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signal. But it’s not there, it’s clear that
00:08:41
the voltage sags, I can
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increase it to 200 volts in the
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transmit mode, now the same 200 volts and
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on none from the channels we do not see
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the carrier I hold the transmit button I switch the
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channel first second The quartz switches
00:08:55
there is no carrier This indicates that something is
00:08:59
faulty with our transmitters What could
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be faulty in the transmitter is
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the radio station at first glance the lamps are all
00:09:06
three working transmitters even at least
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two of us Now we need a signal
00:09:10
to appear at all and even one of the transmitting generators,
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but even our masters do not work with the
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same quartz that
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definitely works in the receiver, that is, the quartz
00:09:18
is working, at first glance everything is fine.
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I will now first visually inspect
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the installation of this radio station and try to find
00:09:24
some the problem may be over time,
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something somewhere has broken, it has collapsed over
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time, and if we can’t find anything,
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then of course we will check
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the modes of the DC lamps for you
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transmitters, it’s just longer and
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more difficult to do it, you need to solder different
00:09:39
conductors, you don’t want to disturb the installation, the
00:09:41
original design of this
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Therefore, I will first inspect the radio station
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after a careful inspection of the structure of
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the radio station in the lower part of the chassis in the
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basement of the chassis where we actually did all the installation.
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I discovered such a
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problem in the radio station there is a biscuit
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switch, a shaft from which extends
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almost through the entire body
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of the radio station; there are 5 biscuits on it and on each
00:10:05
goleta there are many more contacts, many
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groups of independent ones, and on one of these
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biscuits there are no contact plates
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that move and close the contacts,
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you can see that this plate was there and on
00:10:17
this biscuit there are other similar
00:10:19
plates that other contacts
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connect, one plate is missing,
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and all these plates are fastened with
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rivets on small thin
00:10:27
rivets on two and it is clear that there are
00:10:30
two rivets left from this plate
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that are missing, they stick out from the back
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side of the biscuit, but this plate itself is not there
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And this switch, this biscuit, is precisely
00:10:39
responsible for switching the quartz, the quartz
00:10:42
is connected to and the tyrants of the receiver to the
00:10:44
master transmitter are switched and
00:10:46
we see there is just one layer that
00:10:48
is responsible for connecting the quartz to the
00:10:50
transmitting generator of the transmitter; it
00:10:52
is missing; it is also clear that on the contacts
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where the conductors are soldered to this biscuit,
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some kind of wire is wound, that is,
00:11:00
apparently someone tried to eliminate this
00:11:01
malfunction; some contacts were simply
00:11:03
bridged with wire. I think that this
00:11:05
was probably done quite a long time ago,
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but for some reason it didn’t bring any results, or
00:11:10
at least it doesn’t work for me now,
00:11:11
but for someone else, maybe
00:11:13
I worked there with this wire 50 years ago, it does
00:11:15
n’t work now, ideally, of course, it
00:11:17
would be nice to try to restore
00:11:19
I don’t have this plate for such a switch. I have
00:11:21
n’t had these biscuits for a long time. And I’ll try to
00:11:23
cut this plate myself from
00:11:26
some material and fix it
00:11:28
there. I found myself like this. A sheet of brass is
00:11:31
quite thin. It was some kind of screen
00:11:34
in the high-frequency design of a fairly
00:11:36
modern, of course, semiconductor
00:11:39
radio station. a soft flexible sheet of brass
00:11:41
from which I cut this very plate, I
00:11:47
extracted the remains of the rivets that
00:11:51
fastened the old plate in this
00:11:53
switch, the rivets have a diameter of 1.5
00:11:55
mm, of course,
00:11:59
I cannot now install other such rivets of one and a half millimeters
00:12:00
there to secure my
00:12:02
homemade plate like this how
00:12:04
to do this you will need to disassemble the
00:12:06
entire radio station and remove this
00:12:08
biscuit from it, unsolder all the conductors
00:12:10
that go to it, I don’t want to do this,
00:12:12
not that I’m too lazy. Although of course this is
00:12:15
so. I really don’t want to do this,
00:12:16
in the sense of wasting my time. But the most
00:12:18
the main thing is that all the elements here are very old
00:12:20
and if I do this,
00:12:22
it’s possible that from old age from the forty-
00:12:24
ninth year, I don’t know, 70-odd years have passed there
00:12:26
and it’s possible that having defended
00:12:29
some parts of the conductors from this
00:12:31
biscuit, starting to bend them to the side so that
00:12:33
they don’t prevented me from removing the biscuit, maybe
00:12:35
something else will fall off somewhere, some
00:12:37
resistor will fall apart, or some
00:12:38
conductor or something else will fall off
00:12:40
one after another and of course I won’t do that, I’ll
00:12:42
try to attach this plate
00:12:45
to the biscuit switch in some
00:12:47
other way
00:12:48
[music]
00:12:51
So I managed to cut out such a
00:12:53
small plate from a thin brass sheet
00:12:57
and this plate is
00:13:00
slightly different in shape from the original ones, but
00:13:02
it will perform its functions in exactly the same way.
00:13:04
I secured it to the
00:13:07
biscuit switch using two
00:13:09
screws. The screws were very difficult to find.
00:13:12
Usually in my life, screws are smaller than
00:13:13
M2. You don’t usually find M3. M2 and
00:13:16
a half is the smallest, but M2
00:13:18
can still be found, but here the M2 screws are not
00:13:20
removed there so that they would fall
00:13:22
into place, so to speak, I would have to drill out this
00:13:24
biscuit switch, which I also do
00:13:26
n’t want to do, because I'm afraid that from old age
00:13:28
something will burst and crack and I'll have to
00:13:30
restore much more, but
00:13:32
thanks to a friend for the sake of an amateur, I managed to
00:13:34
find one and a half screws and with these screws
00:13:38
I secured the plate, put it in place, it's
00:13:40
visually clear that the biscuit
00:13:42
switch switches perfectly now,
00:13:43
this plate moves along the
00:13:45
contacts and connects contacts in the
00:13:47
form in which it was before old
00:13:50
original plate
00:13:53
Well, the biscuit switch has been
00:13:55
restored Let's try to turn on the
00:13:57
radio station for transmission,
00:13:59
turned on the anode voltage, my
00:14:02
device controls 216 Volts, it
00:14:05
doesn’t matter, plus or minus there are 10 20 volts for
00:14:07
200 Volts anode nothing changes
00:14:09
now the channel on which Quartz 2
00:14:12
720 works as a local oscillator is turned on, so
00:14:15
we see its carrier on 2 720 I switch
00:14:18
to another channel And now Quartz for 720
00:14:21
will be used in the transmitter
00:14:22
Apparently the carriers are gone, you can
00:14:25
turn on the transmission on the PTT button,
00:14:30
I press transmission, the neon lights up, we see
00:14:33
what’s here
00:14:35
a signal appears quite powerful on the ns-meter and on
00:14:38
the spectrogram Oh, even there is modulation I
00:14:41
can hear myself
00:14:44
1 2 3 4 5 this is how the modulation of the
00:14:48
harvest radio station sounds with a flying powder
00:14:52
puppet microphone 1 2 3 4 5 check there
00:14:56
will be no harvest left the reception lo and behold
00:15:00
the transmitter works Well, at
00:15:02
least we hear something we don’t have
00:15:05
a light indicating the antenna setting
00:15:07
because we don’t have an antenna
00:15:08
the transmitter itself was now working without load
00:15:10
without an antenna the instructions for the radio station
00:15:12
stated output power of 0.5 0.7 W is
00:15:15
very small This is the power
00:15:16
so of course
00:15:18
definitely nothing will happen to this output stage on the lamp From the
00:15:20
fact that I turned it on without an antenna, it’s
00:15:22
all nonsense at such powers and with
00:15:24
such lamp technology. By the way,
00:15:25
pay attention when I turn on the
00:15:27
gear our 200 16 V drop to
00:15:31
173 Well, you can add here for
00:15:34
complete voltage 200 V on the power supply, the
00:15:38
output of the transmitter is designed to
00:15:40
connect an antenna AND a counterweight, and the
00:15:42
counterweight terminal does not
00:15:44
connect the counterweight to the radio body. That
00:15:47
is, we can say that the output is symmetrical; there are two terminals, two terminals are a
00:15:50
beam and a counterweight, and both of these terminals go to the
00:15:53
output matching device,
00:15:56
by the way, in the riometer there is a separate
00:15:58
small secondary winding for
00:16:00
connecting an incandescent light bulb, which
00:16:02
will actually show us
00:16:04
the resonance of the antenna, so without an antenna there
00:16:06
can be no resonance of the antenna and there is
00:16:07
no indication either. Let me
00:16:10
now, at least here in stationary
00:16:11
conditions, connect some two pieces of
00:16:13
wire in the instructions to the radio station
00:16:15
It is stated that a normal antenna is a
00:16:18
piece of wire 15 meters long and plus a
00:16:21
counterweight, but you can also use a
00:16:23
short wire 3 m long and the
00:16:25
radio station will also work on it,
00:16:27
well, the range will be greatly reduced, this is
00:16:29
not surprising. Well, we do
00:16:31
n’t do range tests right now, I just want to
00:16:33
connect antenna to see
00:16:34
whether the light bulb will light up and whether the antenna power matching
00:16:36
settings will work in the hydrometer.
00:16:40
Unfortunately, it will not be possible to measure in the normal way with a
00:16:41
modern power meter
00:16:43
since this matching
00:16:45
device is not designed to connect a
00:16:47
low-power load of 50 tons, after all,
00:16:49
the antenna is 3 meters long or 15 meters long
00:16:52
frequencies of 2 MHz, this is a very shortened
00:16:55
antenna, so the matching device
00:16:56
is designed only to work with a
00:16:59
shortened antenna. If we now
00:17:00
connect a 50-ohm load here through a KSM
00:17:03
power meter, it won’t
00:17:04
show anything because we simply don’t set the
00:17:06
output stage to 50 ohms, it’s 50 ohms. tons
00:17:08
can’t be configured So I’m trying to connect
00:17:10
two wires, I’ll just place them here
00:17:12
around the room and try
00:17:14
to tune in to them, just to at least make
00:17:16
sure that coordination is happening. The setup
00:17:20
connected two wires, probably one
00:17:23
5 meters long connected to
00:17:25
the antenna and meter terminals. Three second wires
00:17:28
are connected to the ground terminal or
00:17:30
a counterweight is generally very convenient; the
00:17:32
wire terminals are simply
00:17:33
slipped in and pressed. Let's
00:17:35
try turning on the anode
00:17:38
voltage in the receiving mode, here it is: 200
00:17:40
Volt malachite receiver. I am now
00:17:43
in low-input mode, that
00:17:45
is, the antenna is not high-impedance
00:17:47
sensitivity, so it is very low at
00:17:49
2 MHz only this
00:17:50
telescopic antenna works, it’s not visible in
00:17:53
any way from the protein receiver or like
00:17:55
malachite in the input mode, but in the mode it didn’t
00:17:58
say input, that is, there’s no antenna at all
00:18:00
at 2 MHz. That’s why I
00:18:02
can’t hear any interference
00:18:04
from the computers here now from any filming
00:18:06
equipment and you can only see two of your
00:18:08
own lesions But it doesn’t matter I turn on the
00:18:09
transmission on the radio station we see the
00:18:12
carrier from the transmitters even there I
00:18:14
can hear the voltage on the power supply 160 V
00:18:17
Let’s add,
00:18:21
I made 200 with a little Volt
00:18:23
I’ll fix the gear button on the tubes
00:18:26
so as not to hold with her hands and put it
00:18:28
here 1 2 3 check
00:18:33
five times two three hears me perfectly
00:18:36
So now the radio station is working on a
00:18:39
wire as an antenna, here there
00:18:41
is a
00:18:42
vorometer handle on it, matching the antenna,
00:18:44
I will now rotate it, look at the
00:18:46
readings from the malachite meter and adjust the light bulb
00:18:50
here here, perhaps, so that
00:18:52
this light bulb can be seen better, I’ll turn off
00:18:54
the cap of
00:18:56
this light bulb,
00:19:00
we can clearly see the maximum that from a meter it
00:19:03
immediately
00:19:04
goes off scale and the light bulb appears to have a
00:19:07
slight glow, I don’t know how much you can
00:19:09
see it because there are many
00:19:12
light sources here, the resonance is very sharp,
00:19:14
just a little bit I turn it the tuning knob
00:19:17
and this glow goes out, I’ll look in other
00:19:19
positions to see if there’s a repeat,
00:19:24
but in this position the
00:19:26
voltage is 203 Volts. I’ll add
00:19:29
a little, it’s just one voltage, then the brightness
00:19:31
of the glow increases noticeably at 200
00:19:33
50, it’s
00:19:36
already burning brightly, but we won’t torture
00:19:39
the radio station.
00:19:42
Even at 200.
00:19:56
I hope it will work. then check all
00:19:58
the radio stations are working, we can hear how
00:20:00
the receiver is making noise, especially if you hold the receiver
00:20:05
input terminal of the transmitter with your finger; there are separate
00:20:09
terminals for connecting the antenna and
00:20:10
counterweight of the receiver; separate
00:20:11
radio stations in duplex can work.
00:20:13
By the way, let's check the Duplex;
00:20:19
now the duplex mode is turned on; I
00:20:21
turn on the transmission and we see that the
00:20:24
radio station transmits at the same
00:20:26
frequency And at this time the receiver receives
00:20:29
noise I grab the input antenna by the terminal
00:20:33
the receiver receives at this time noise at a
00:20:36
frequency of 2.264 transmits to 2.720 this is the
00:20:39
Duplex we switch back to
00:20:43
simplex mode turning off the
00:20:45
transmission I reduce the voltage
00:20:49
the receiver is working the transmitter is working
00:20:52
it works, now you need to assemble it, close
00:20:54
the case with a casing, close the lower part of the
00:20:56
basement of the chassis, it’s not difficult,
00:20:59
most of the screws have been preserved and you can
00:21:01
use the radio station, there is
00:21:02
only one question left with the power supply for
00:21:05
this radio station, I have a converter former included in the kit.
00:21:09
Maybe I’ll try it somehow revive
00:21:11
bring to life Well, I would
00:21:12
still like to find some kind of alternative
00:21:14
power supply that does not make noise, acoustic ones, to
00:21:16
power it in the field and make
00:21:19
some kind of connection. Ideally, I would like to
00:21:21
contact it, for example, with ft 817, also in
00:21:24
amplitude modulation mode, distance
00:21:27
though I would like to connect
00:21:28
short antennas to it a few kilometers away, there are 10
00:21:31
meters of wire 817 through the tuner, too, and
00:21:34
at frequencies these are radio stations to communicate
00:21:35
so as not to disturb anyone during the daytime.
00:21:37
Such little power for short
00:21:40
antennas. I think that we will not
00:21:42
disturb anyone. If we carry out such
00:21:43
experiments because in the summer in the daytime
00:21:45
at such frequencies, communication is possible
00:21:47
over very short distances, this is some
00:21:49
tens of kilometers even
00:21:51
with normal ones. Well, maybe there are a hundred. And
00:21:54
with half a power and short
00:21:56
delays, it will be a miracle if we
00:21:59
communicate again for kilometers. So I think
00:22:01
today the radio station will be restored to working order.
00:22:03
finished when I find a
00:22:05
suitable power source
00:22:07
to power it in the field, then we’ll
00:22:09
check its operation with you and
00:22:12
see how it all went. How, with the help of
00:22:14
such a miracle radio station, workers of
00:22:17
state farms, collective farms, or whatever it was in the
00:22:20
50s, communicated from the fields with their
00:22:24
who they contacted there but in general it’s
00:22:26
interesting to see how it will all
00:22:28
work. I hope I can do it
00:22:29
because I managed to restore the radio station
00:22:31
and it was very easy because the
00:22:34
problems were very simple; it has a
00:22:37
faulty lamp; a faulty biscuit;
00:22:40
one in the switch; otherwise everything is fine
00:22:42
in general, it works more or less So I
00:22:44
think it will work and check it in the fields
00:22:45
Thank you for watching this video, as
00:22:47
always, I tell you to engage in
00:22:49
technical creativity for the sake of
00:22:50
amateurism and just use
00:22:52
radio communication For various purposes, watch
00:22:55
my videos subscribe to the channel
00:22:58
Alexey Igonin was here Bye everyone
00:23:02
[ music]
00:23:16
264 Well, won’t you get up
00:23:20
here? I’m just

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