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Table of contents
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Table of contents

0:00
Вступление
2:05
МКС
2:46
Версии Dragon
3:29
Части Crew Dragon
5:13
Грузовой отсек
6:09
Внутри
7:55
Многоразовое использование
8:32
Хронология полёта
9:02
Стартовая площадка
10:32
День запуска
12:05
Ступени Falcon 9
12:55
Старт
15:04
Доставка на МКС
15:31
Стыковка VS Причаливание
16:08
Стыковка
18:10
Контакт
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b3d
3d animation
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SpaceX
Crew Dragon
NASA
launch complex 39a
ISS
falcon9
launch america
elon musk
draco thrusters
superdraco engines
superdraco
splashdown
soft capture ring
docking hatch
crew access arm
drone ship
entry burn
heat shield
reentry
MECO
SECO
liftoff
nose cone
orbit insertion
solar panels
crew ingress
soyuz
space shuttle
spacesuit
tesla model x
transporter erector
vestibule
waypoint
white room
DubbedWithAloud
Subtitles
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Subtitles

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  • ruRussian
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00:00:01
The SpaceX Crew Dragon
00:00:02
is the first spacecraft
00:00:03
from a private company to take humans into space.
00:00:06
In this video, we're gonna take a look inside
00:00:08
and see how it works.
00:00:10
Then we'll see the launch pad,
00:00:12
the journey into space,
00:00:14
and how it docks to the International Space Station.
00:00:16
Dragon, SpaceX, you are go for launch!
00:00:26
We're about to learn about an incredible piece
00:00:28
of engineering that has overcome significant challenges.
00:00:31
To solve these challenges, engineers need problem
00:00:34
solving skills that take time to develop.
00:00:36
This is why I'm glad to have this video sponsored
00:00:38
by brilliant.org.
00:00:39
With Brilliant,
00:00:41
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00:00:43
You can actively try things out
00:00:45
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00:00:47
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00:00:50
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00:01:02
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00:01:05
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00:01:07
You can try everything Brilliant has to offer for free
00:01:10
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00:01:13
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00:01:15
Brilliant's Annual Premium membership.
00:01:29
The Crew Dragon is a human rated spacecraft.
00:01:32
This means it's capable of carrying humans into space.
00:01:35
It was created by United States
00:01:37
private company called SpaceX.
00:01:41
The company has its headquarters in Hawthorne, California.
00:01:46
Up until now, space exploration has been done
00:01:48
by government agencies who have billions
00:01:50
of dollars to spend.
00:01:52
SpaceX is really the first private company to break
00:01:55
through this barrier.
00:01:56
They develop both rockets
00:01:57
and spacecraft on their own,
00:02:00
but of course NASA is now under
00:02:02
the largest customers of SpaceX.
00:02:05
All right for some background,
00:02:07
this is the International Space Station
00:02:09
or ISS for short.
00:02:10
It's been in use since the early 2000s
00:02:13
and it must be continuously staffed by astronauts
00:02:15
going to and from the station to get a ride to the ISS
00:02:19
astronauts could launch on
00:02:20
either the United States Space Shuttle
00:02:22
or the Russian Soyuz Spacecraft.
00:02:25
The space shuttle is no longer in operation.
00:02:27
It was retired in 2011.
00:02:30
After that, the Soyuz was the only way to travel to the ISS.
00:02:33
There was no other spacecraft available to take humans
00:02:37
into space.
00:02:38
The year 2020 changed all of this.
00:02:40
The Crew Dragon flew astronauts once again
00:02:43
from American soil.
00:02:46
The Dragon Spacecraft has a few different versions.
00:02:49
First came Dragon One.
00:02:50
This was a cargo spacecraft that brought supplies
00:02:53
to and from the ISS.
00:02:55
It had more than 20 flights bringing cargo to the station.
00:02:58
This version of the spacecraft could not carry humans.
00:03:01
Only cargo. Then came the Dragon 2.
00:03:05
This has two versions, the Cargo Dragon and the Crew Dragon.
00:03:09
The Crew Dragon can carry people and cargo into space.
00:03:12
Cargo Dragon looks very similar,
00:03:14
but it can only hold cargo
00:03:16
so it doesn't need life support,
00:03:17
aboart engines, or controls inside the vehicle.
00:03:21
For this video, we'll be focusing on the Crew Dragon.
00:03:24
That's the part that's most exciting to me
00:03:26
bringing humans into space.
00:03:28
The Crew Dragon is split up into two parts.
00:03:31
This is the capsule and this is the trunk.
00:03:34
The capsule is also known as the pressurized section.
00:03:38
Inside, there's air to breathe
00:03:40
and they keep the temperature nice
00:03:41
and comfortable for the crew.
00:03:44
This is the nose cone.
00:03:45
It's closed for the launch
00:03:47
but they will immediately open it up once they are in space.
00:03:50
This exposes some sensors, thrusters
00:03:53
and the docking mechanism that will be used to attach
00:03:55
to the ISS.
00:03:58
The Dragon capsule has 16 Draco thrusters.
00:04:01
12 of them on the side and then four more
00:04:04
up towards the top.
00:04:08
Draco thrusters are used to change the orientation
00:04:10
of the spacecraft.
00:04:15
They're also used to change the spacecraft's orbit
00:04:18
so they can reach the ISS
00:04:19
at the beginning of a mission and then de orbit
00:04:23
at the end of a mission and come back to Earth.
00:04:27
Additionally, there are eight super Draco engines
00:04:30
and these are significantly more powerful.
00:04:32
If there is an emergency on the launchpad
00:04:34
all the way up until they are in orbit
00:04:36
the super Draco engines can quickly get the crew to safety.
00:04:42
On the bottom is the heat shield.
00:04:45
This will protect the crew
00:04:47
as they enter the Earth's atmosphere
00:04:49
at the end of the mission.
00:04:52
At one point, SpaceX had plans to have landing legs
00:04:55
and extend them through the heat shield.
00:04:57
This is so that the capsule could touch down on land.
00:05:00
This would've been really neat to see.
00:05:01
However, due to cost complexity and time schedule
00:05:04
SpaceX turned away from this idea
00:05:06
and decided to do a splashdown in the water
00:05:08
like other NASA spacecraft have done in the past.
00:05:12
The bottom half of the spacecraft is called the trunk.
00:05:16
There's room for cargo in here
00:05:19
and it helps support the spacecraft.
00:05:22
During the launch, the white half of the trunk
00:05:25
has the radiator panels which help remove heat
00:05:28
from the spacecraft.
00:05:30
The other side covered in blue is the solar panels.
00:05:33
This generates power for the Dragon capsule.
00:05:36
The previous version of Dragon
00:05:38
had solar panels that would unfold once in space.
00:05:42
This can be problematic if the panels ever fail to unfold
00:05:46
so what's kind of nice to have the solar panels directly
00:05:49
on the side just point it
00:05:50
towards the sun and you've got power.
00:05:54
The trunk stays attached for the entire mission.
00:05:56
It's only detached at the very end.
00:05:58
About an hour before splash
00:06:00
down the trunk does not have a heat shield.
00:06:03
It will fall back to the Earth
00:06:05
and burn up as it enters the Earth's atmosphere.
00:06:10
To enter the capsule, astronauts use the side hatch.
00:06:17
The Dragon capsule was designed to fit
00:06:19
up to seven people inside.
00:06:21
However, NASA has chosen to use only four of the seats.
00:06:25
This leaves more room to carry cargo underneath the seats
00:06:30
The Crew Dragon has been described as a modern spacecraft.
00:06:33
The seats are customized to the body
00:06:35
of each astronaut and there's a lot of room.
00:06:38
Compare this to the Soyuz spacecraft
00:06:40
which well see for yourself.
00:06:43
There's not a lot of room in there.
00:06:44
If I had the choice, I would choose the Crew Dragon.
00:06:48
Once the astronauts are fully strapped in
00:06:50
these seats will be rotated.
00:06:52
The Crew Dragon can be controlled
00:06:54
by the three touchscreen displays.
00:06:57
Up until this point, most spacecraft have had tons
00:07:00
of physical buttons, lots of knobs,
00:07:02
switches, and dials.
00:07:04
SpaceX has decided to go with the sleek futuristic panels.
00:07:09
There are a few physical controls
00:07:11
just in case the panels fail.
00:07:14
Most of the flying is done autonomously
00:07:16
which means most of it is done by the computers on board.
00:07:19
All goes well.
00:07:20
The astronauts won't need to do much.
00:07:23
Inside the cabin are several windows to look outside
00:07:27
and if you need to use the bathroom in space
00:07:29
you can use the toilet up towards the ceiling.
00:07:31
We don't know too many details here
00:07:33
but let's just say privacy as somewhat limited.
00:07:36
Right in the center is the docking hatch.
00:07:39
This is where the astronauts will go through to get
00:07:41
on board the ISS.
00:07:43
We'll talk more about this later in the video.
00:07:46
The bottom part of the capsule is referred
00:07:48
to as the service section.
00:07:50
This has more electronics and fuel tanks for the spacecraft.
00:07:55
SpaceX designs their spacecraft to be reusable.
00:07:58
Space is hard.
00:08:00
The harshness of space and getting back down to earth.
00:08:02
This usually means that a spacecraft can only be used once
00:08:06
or at least that's how it's usually been done.
00:08:08
You have to build a new one each time
00:08:11
and this costs a lot of money.
00:08:13
With the Crew Dragon Capsule,
00:08:15
it's designed to be reused.
00:08:17
There are handful of vehicles that have been built so far
00:08:20
and they each have a serial number
00:08:21
and they have a name as well.
00:08:23
As of February, 2023,
00:08:26
some of these have been flown more than once.
00:08:28
And Endeavor has been flown three times.
00:08:32
The first time a Crew Dragon has been flown
00:08:34
with a crew on board is May of 2020.
00:08:36
There were two NASA astronauts
00:08:38
on board that successfully docked
00:08:40
to the International Space Station.
00:08:42
Since then, the Crew Dragon has flown more flights
00:08:45
not just from NASA, but there was a flight
00:08:47
of four civilians called Inspiration four
00:08:50
and also a flight from a private space company
00:08:52
called Axiom Space.
00:08:54
At the time of of this video,
00:08:55
there are more missions planned as well.
00:08:58
Things are definitely changing in the space industry.
00:09:02
The Crew Dragon is launched on top of a Falcon nine rocket
00:09:05
which is also made by SpaceX.
00:09:07
This rocket gets its name because of the Millennium Falcon
00:09:10
from Star Wars.
00:09:11
That's pretty cool if you ask me.
00:09:14
The launch takes place at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
00:09:19
This is launch Complex 39A.
00:09:22
It's where some of the most historic launches have
00:09:25
taken place,
00:09:31
but now SpaceX gets to use this launchpad
00:09:34
and it looks just a little bit different now.
00:09:37
NASA has always transported rockets vertically
00:09:39
to the launchpad.
00:09:40
This is called the rollout.
00:09:44
SpaceX has decided to do things
00:09:46
just a little bit differently.
00:09:48
Right next to the launchpad
00:09:49
is the horizontal integration facility.
00:09:52
The Falcon Nine Rocket and Crew Dragon
00:09:54
are assembled in the horizontal position.
00:09:59
Then they are slowly moved on top
00:10:01
of the transporter erector.
00:10:09
Then it's slowly lifted up to the vertical position.
00:10:12
This usually takes several hours.
00:10:17
The Russian Soyuz rocket is transported horizontally.
00:10:20
They've been doing it this way since the 1960s
00:10:25
so this is nothing new.
00:10:27
It's just a bit different from the way that NASA normally
00:10:29
does things here in the US.
00:10:32
On the day of the launch
00:10:34
the astronauts get into their SpaceX spacesuits
00:10:38
And then drive to the launch pad
00:10:39
in a Tesla model X.
00:10:48
Elon Musk founded SpaceX and Tesla
00:10:50
so it's only fitting that astronauts ride
00:10:53
in a Tesla on their way to the SpaceX launch.
00:10:57
This is the fixed service structure.
00:11:00
The astronauts ride up an elevator to get to the top
00:11:07
then walk across the Crew Access Arm
00:11:15
At the end is the white room.
00:11:18
Several technicians will be there to help the astronauts get
00:11:20
into the capsule.
00:11:22
This is called crew ingress.
00:11:24
It's the word they use to describe the crew getting
00:11:26
into the Dragon capsule.
00:11:29
There are four seats.
00:11:31
We have the commander, pilot,
00:11:33
and then two mission specialists
00:11:35
on the very ends.
00:11:36
Once they are all strapped in,
00:11:38
the seats recline their laid back position
00:11:40
ready for the launch.
00:11:42
The commander and pilot are now
00:11:44
in a good position to use the three touchscreens.
00:11:49
They're in their seats about two hours before the launch.
00:11:54
45 minutes before the launch,
00:11:55
the crew access arm is retracted.
00:11:58
35 minutes before the launch,
00:12:00
the propellant begins loading into the Falcon nine Rocket.
00:12:05
Falcon nine is a two-stage rocket.
00:12:09
The first stage is powered by nine Merlin 1D engines.
00:12:13
That's also why they call it the Falcon nine
00:12:15
because there are nine of these engines.
00:12:18
The second stage is powered
00:12:19
by a single Merlin vacuum engine.
00:12:23
They call this a partially reusable rocket.
00:12:26
The goal is to be fully reusable,
00:12:28
but we're not there yet.
00:12:29
The second stage is not reusable
00:12:31
or in other words, it's expendable.
00:12:33
We don't have an easy way to get it back down to the ground.
00:12:36
The first stage, however,
00:12:37
is reusable and in just a minute
00:12:39
I'll show you how this works.
00:12:41
So our full rocket stack here,
00:12:43
the only pieces that are reusable are the capsule
00:12:46
and the first stage.
00:12:49
You can sometimes tell if the first stage is being re reused
00:12:52
because it won't look quite as new.
00:12:56
The most exciting part of every launch is the liftoff.
00:13:00
(inspirational music)
00:13:04
Something you'll hear the controllers say is
00:13:06
the word nominal.
00:13:07
They'll say, we have a nominal launch
00:13:08
or a nominal separation.
00:13:10
This is a very good word to hear.
00:13:12
It means that everything is going as planned.
00:13:21
The first stage shuts off at two minutes and 40 seconds.
00:13:24
This is called MECO or main engine cutoff.
00:13:27
Then the first stage separates.
00:13:32
Then the second stage fires up.
00:13:34
This is what gets us into orbit around the earth.
00:13:37
While this second stage is firing
00:13:39
the first stage makes its way back to the ground.
00:13:44
The first stage uses cold gas thrusters to reorient itself.
00:13:48
This is called the flip maneuver.
00:13:50
Grid fins also come out to help stabilize it.
00:13:55
The first stage will come down over the ocean
00:13:57
so they will have a drone ship waiting
00:13:59
at just the right spot.
00:14:02
The entry burn helps to slow it down through the atmosphere.
00:14:05
This only uses three of the Merlin engines.
00:14:11
And just moments before touchdown,
00:14:13
one more engine lights up for the landing burn
00:14:16
and then the landing legs are deployed
00:14:18
for the final touchdown
00:14:21
the drone ship can make its way back to Florida
00:14:24
so this first stage can be reused on a future mission.
00:14:29
The second stage is going to get the Dragon spacecraft
00:14:31
into orbit around the earth.
00:14:32
This is called orbit insertion.
00:14:39
Second stage cuts off at eight minutes and 50 seconds.
00:14:42
This is called SECO or second engine cutoff.
00:14:47
Shortly after the second stage separates
00:14:49
as we talked about earlier, the second stage is not reused.
00:14:52
It makes its way back down
00:14:53
to the earth and burns up in the atmosphere.
00:14:57
Now keep in mind,
00:14:58
that a lot of these events are happening simultaneously.
00:15:04
The Dragon spacecraft, it's on its own.
00:15:06
Now the nose cone opens
00:15:08
up to expose the docking hatch sensors and thrusters.
00:15:12
The crew will also be weightless for the first time.
00:15:17
Once in orbit, it's time to catch up to the ISS.
00:15:20
Most missions take around 24 hours for this to happen.
00:15:24
The Draco thrusters are used several times to
00:15:26
raise the orbit and close the distance
00:15:28
to the station.
00:15:31
To attach a spacecraft to the station,
00:15:33
they do it in one of two ways.
00:15:35
One is called berthing
00:15:37
and the other is called docking.
00:15:39
First let's talk about birthing.
00:15:40
This is what the original Dragon spacecraft
00:15:42
or Dragon 1 would do.
00:15:44
They would fly right up next to it
00:15:45
and the station's robotic arm would reach
00:15:47
out and grab onto the spacecraft and help bring it in.
00:15:51
This is called berthing.
00:15:53
We just need a little help to join to the station.
00:15:57
Docking is similar
00:15:59
but this time the spacecraft can do it all
00:16:01
on its own without the help of a robotic arm.
00:16:04
This is what the Crew Dragon does.
00:16:05
It's called docking.
00:16:08
Let's take a minute to look at the ISS again.
00:16:11
The Dragon spacecraft will dock
00:16:12
towards the front of the station.
00:16:15
This is called node two or the harmony module.
00:16:20
Attached to it is the pressurized mating adapter
00:16:23
or PMA for short.
00:16:25
There are three of them.
00:16:26
PMA-1 is in the middle of the station
00:16:29
and then at the front is PMA-2 and PMA-3.
00:16:34
The space shuttle actually was last docked here to PMA-2.
00:16:38
This was back in 2011.
00:16:42
Since then, they've added the international docking adapter
00:16:46
or IDA for short.
00:16:48
This uses the newer docking mechanism that Crew
00:16:50
Dragon is also using.
00:16:52
So Crew Dragon is able to dock at two different locations.
00:16:55
Most of the missions so far have docked
00:16:57
to the very front of the station.
00:17:00
In preparation for docking crew,
00:17:02
Dragon will extend the soft capture ring.
00:17:06
Crew Dragon Spacecraft will go through a series
00:17:08
of waypoints
00:17:09
and these are points in space where they will stop
00:17:11
and complete checks to ensure
00:17:13
that the spacecraft is in good condition
00:17:15
to proceed with docking.
00:17:17
First we have Waypoint 0.
00:17:19
This is 400 meters directly below the ISS.
00:17:25
Next is Waypoint 1.
00:17:27
This is 220 meters directly in front of the station.
00:17:31
They will line up along the docking access
00:17:33
always pointing the capsule towards the docking port.
00:17:38
Then they will slowly proceed to Waypoint 2.
00:17:41
This is 20 meters in front of the docking port.
00:17:45
As it slowly moves in
00:17:47
you can see the Draco thrusters firing to keep it
00:17:49
in line with the station.
00:17:52
Once confirmed, then the spacecraft proceeds to dock
00:17:55
but moving only at a few centimeters per second.
00:17:59
Once within five meters of the docking port
00:18:01
they have what's called chop or crew hands off point.
00:18:05
If any aborts are needed at this point
00:18:07
it will be done completely by the onboard computers.
00:18:10
Next, the soft capture ring on the Crew Dragon
00:18:13
makes contact with the station.
00:18:14
This is called soft capture.
00:18:16
We've connected with the station,
00:18:17
but it's not complete yet.
00:18:21
The ring slowly retracts to pull the spacecraft in.
00:18:25
This part is called hard capture.
00:18:29
The 12 hooks will latch to firmly connect it to the station.
00:18:34
It will take about two hours before docking is complete.
00:18:39
First, we fill the vestibule with air.
00:18:41
That's the area between the spacecraft and the station
00:18:44
right inside the international docking adapter.
00:18:46
Once the temperature and pressure have normalized
00:18:49
then the APAS hatch can be opened
00:18:53
and then finally the Dragon hatch.
00:18:57
Now it's time to say hello to the astronauts
00:18:59
that are already on board this station.
00:19:01
(inspirational music)
00:19:08
My name's Jared.
00:19:09
I create 3D animations to show and explain how things work.
00:19:13
Click the cards to watch another video
00:19:15
or click here to subscribe.
00:19:17
Thanks for watching, and I'll see you next time.
00:19:19
(inspirational music)

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Попробуйте Brilliant бесплатно в течение 30 дней: https://brilliant.org/JaredOwen/ - Первые 200 человек получат 20% скидку на годовую подписку. Космический корабль SpaceX Crew Dragon доставляет астронавтов на Международную космическую станцию и обратно. Посмотрите, как это работает! Благодарю Флориана Кордину (@EDA_Flo) за помощь в рецензировании этого видео! Симуляция дыма (12:55) от Джоэла Адамса: https://www.youtube.com/@Iridesium Это видео озвучено с помощью искусственного голоса через https://aloud.area120.google.com для улучшения доступности. Вы можете изменить язык аудиодорожки в меню настроек. 📱Подписывайтесь на меня в социальных сетях: Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/JaredOwenAnimations Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/JaredOwen3d Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/JaredOwenAnimations Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/JaredOwenAnimations TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@jaredowenanimations ⌚Временные метки: 00:00-Вступление 02:05-МКС 02:46-Версии Dragon 03:29-Части Crew Dragon 05:13-Грузовой отсек 06:09-Внутри 07:55-Многоразовое использование 08:32-Хронология полёта 09:02-Стартовая площадка 10:32-День запуска 12:05-Ступени Falcon 9 12:55-Старт 15:04-Доставка на МКС 15:31-Стыковка VS Причаливание 16:08-Стыковка 18:10-Контакт 🌐Интернет-источники: Сайт SpaceX - https://www.spacex.com Внутри капсулы Crew Dragon от SpaceX (Discovery) - https://youtu.be/j2C9DYYVEBk SpaceX Dragon V2 | Презентация (SpaceX) - https://youtu.be/yEQrmDoIRO8 Crew Demo-2 | Запуск (SpaceX) - https://youtu.be/xY96v0OIcK4 Crew Demo-2 | Приближение и стыковка - https://youtu.be/AIyonw6LEOs Пресс-кит коммерческого экипажа - https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/commercialcrew_press_kit.pdf 📘Книжные источники: SpaceX's Dragon: America's Next Generation Spacecraft от Эрика Сидхауса https://amzn.to/3I5PTGh Liftoff: Elon Musk and the Desperate Early Days that Launched SpaceX от Эрика Бергера https://amzn.to/3xnWZ2R 🟠Эта анимация была создана в Blender 3.4 (Cycles Render) 🎵Музыка (soundstripe.com): "World Collide" от Майкла Бригульо "Glacier of Jungfrau" от Коди Мартина "Lemon Drop" от Коди Мартина "Sun Dust" от Коди Мартина "West" от Shimmer Я купил несколько 3D-моделей для этой анимации, но некоторые из них были сильно изменены для этого видео. Капсула Crew Dragon - https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/space/spaceship/rocket-spacex-crew-dragon-2 Международная космическая станция - https://www.turbosquid.com/3d-models/3ds-max-international-space-station/790951 Tesla Model X - https://www.turbosquid.com/3d-models/3d-2017-tesla-x/1026682 Космический костюм SpaceX - https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/character/sci-fi-character/spacex-space-suit 🎧Вот некоторое оборудование, которое я использую для анимации: Графическая карта: GTX 3090ti https://amzn.to/3nazTHE Микрофон: Shure MV7 https://amzn.to/3rDKSfk Мышь: Razer Naga X https://amzn.to/3EupxKs Кресло: Staples Gaming Chair https://amzn.to/31hNgKS Краткое содержание видео: Космический корабль SpaceX Crew Dragon теперь запускает астронавтов с американской земли. Корабль состоит из двух частей: капсулы и грузового отсека. В капсуле может поместиться экипаж из четырех человек. В грузовом отсеке находятся радиаторные панели и солнечные батареи. Корабль запускается на ракете Falcon 9, которая является двухступенчатой ракетой. Запуск происходит во Флориде на стартовом комплексе 39A. Транспортный эректор перемещает ракету из Горизонтального интеграционного комплекса прямо к Фиксированной сервисной структуре. Астронавты подъезжают на Tesla Model X. Они поднимаются на лифте наверх и переходят по Руке доступа экипажа в Белую комнату. Здесь происходит вход экипажа в корабль. От старта до орбиты занимает около 9 минут. В течение следующих 24 часов Crew Dragon догоняет и стыкуется с Международной космической станцией. Сначала серия из трех контрольных точек, затем точка отключения управления экипажем (CHOP), затем мягкая и жесткая стыковка. Потом можно поздороваться с астронавтами, которые уже находятся на станции. #b3d #SpaceX #LaunchAmerica

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