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00:00:00
This video was sponsored by Brilliant.00:00:02
You might have seen this phone before.00:00:04
It's the famous Nokia Banana phone.00:00:05
But what you might not know is that this phone is running KaiOS, which is actually shaping up to become00:00:10
the third major mobile operating system in the world after iOS and Android.00:00:15
So in the 36th episode of the Story Behind
series, let me explain what exactly KaiOS is,00:00:21
and why Google has just invested
22 million dollars into a seeming competitor00:00:26
of its own Android.00:00:34
So KaiOS calls itself the Emerging OS, which
I think is a perfect description.00:00:38
It's an OS that makes feature phones, or what
we used to call dumb phones, kind of smart.00:00:43
It adds 4G, WiFi and GPS capabilities, mobile payments through NFC an app store00:00:48
and a lot more.00:00:49
And where all the other budget smartphone
projects like Mozilla's FireFoxOS, Samsung's00:00:54
Tizen and Google's Android One/Android
Go had lukewarm reception,00:00:59
KaiOS seems tobe a giant hit so far.00:01:01
It launched in 2017 with an obscure Alcatel
flip phone and was quickly picked up by HMD00:01:07
for the Nokia Banana phone, Reliance Industries,
a gigantic Indian conglomerate for the Jio00:01:11
Phone, which is a 4G phone that came to dominate
Indian feature phone sales in just one year,00:01:16
Doro, a Swedish phone for senior users and many more.00:01:20
The latest data I could find showed that KaiOS
has already overtaken iOS as the 2nd most popular00:01:25
mobile OS in India, globally already 40 million
phones have been sold running KaiOS and the00:01:30
company claims to be on track to hit the 100
million mark by the end of 2018.00:01:35
Even the KaiOS store seems like a runaway
success, as it has many of the most important00:01:39
apps like WhatsApp, Twitter, YouTube
and even the Google Assistant.00:01:43
By any measure, KaiOS is growing exponentially.00:01:46
So to understand its success, we first have
to take a look at the OS itself.00:01:51
KaiOS is actually a modified version of FireFoxOS,
which was Mozilla's own, fully functional00:01:57
modern smartphone OS built for touchscreen phones.00:02:00
FireFoxOS to phones is kind of whatChromeOS is to PCs.00:02:04
It has a Linux Kernel on top of which runs
a browser, in this case FireFox, that is made00:02:08
to look like an OS, and can obviously browse
the web, and not only open websites, but also00:02:14
web-apps that can pretend to be native apps.00:02:16
Mozilla abandoned the project in 2016, since
the adoption rate of FireFoxOS was quite slow,00:02:22
but Mozilla being Mozilla, obviously also
opensourced the whole OS, so after they abandoned00:02:27
it, KaiOS picked it up, modified the UI to
be better suited for feature phones with physical00:02:32
keyboards, stripped it down even further,
to the point where it can run on reeeeally00:02:36
low-end hardware, slapped a few first party
apps like a news reader and weather on the00:02:40
device, together with the KaiOS store for
3rd party apps and voila, KaiOS was born.00:02:46
And this approach has a few really significant benefits.00:02:50
First, it being browser-based means getting
apps on this platform is actually quite easy.00:02:54
KaiOS uses standard web technologies like HTML5,
CSS and JavaScript,00:02:59
and apparently there isn't even a need for wrappers.00:03:02
Now, KaiOS has been quite strict about
who they let into the app store, because they00:03:07
want to make sure that only optimized apps get in there that have their excessive background data syncing00:03:13
and excessive animations turned off, understandable, but anyone who has00:03:19
a halfway decent mobile website, basically has a halfway decent KaiOS app ready as well.00:03:25
And Second, there are significant cost savings.00:03:28
Not only did the team not have to build an
OS from scratch, through which they saved00:03:32
a ton of money, they also designed KaiOS to
be able to save on component costs as well.00:03:37
Their phones don't need a touchscreens, which,
according to them, are the most expensive00:03:41
components of the average smartphone, they
only require 256 MB of storage, and run not00:03:47
only on Qualcomm chips, but also on those
from Spreadtrum, a budget chipmaker from China.00:03:52
So KaiOS hardware doesn't have to be, but
can be super cheap.00:03:56
This Nokia 8810 is the only phone with KaiOS
I could buy here in Germany for the demo,00:04:01
but price-wise it's actually the worst example,
as it costs 79 Euros.00:04:06
That puts it pretty much into an entry level
smartphone category, I made a whole video00:04:10
explaining this phone, you can watch it right
here, but anyway, the better example, at least00:04:14
price-wise, is the Jio Phone from India.00:04:17
This 4G phone is given away to consumers basically
for free with Jio's 4G plans,00:04:22
which seam ridiculously cheap.00:04:24
1GB a month for the equivalent of $0.75,
or 42GB a month for the equivalent of $2.35.00:04:34
Which, uh, let's just say makes me a little envious.00:04:37
And so the combination of being way more affordable
than budget smartphones and yet having00:04:42
way more advanced functionality than
feature phones means that a whole00:04:47
new group of people can suddenly get online for the first time.00:04:51
A very large group of people.00:04:53
Well, over 450 million feature phones were
sold in 2017, and after many years of declining00:04:59
sales, last year, the feature phone industry
started growing again, just as smartphone00:05:04
sales are flattening.00:05:05
Especially India and Africa have seen big
increases, so feature phones are a huge market00:05:10
that's actually growing.00:05:11
Now, traditionally, mobile carriers have been pretty unhappy about people using feature phones.00:05:17
Because not only can they not sell expensive data packages to them every month,00:05:21
which is basically their whole business model,00:05:23
but, these phones usually also rely on old, outdated technologies like 2G and 3G.00:05:29
So these carriers have to maintain and
keep updating their old legacy networks,00:05:34
when in reality they would just much rather focus on 4G and maybe even 5G.00:05:39
But KaiOS can kind of help them with both
of those issues.00:05:43
They have 4G support, including voice over
LTE calling, so carriers don't need00:05:47
to support 2G and 3G networks for KaiOS users, and carriers can finally charge feature phone users00:05:53
for mobile internet access, which they love to do so much.00:05:57
Now, KaiOS still points to research that suggests
their users in emerging markets won't be able00:06:01
to pay more than 2.5 USD a month for the connection,
but hey, that's still a lot better than what carriers00:06:08
had before. So that's the business side of it, but one question
still remains.00:06:12
What on earth is Google doing here?00:06:14
And why have they invested $22 million into
KaiOS when it is pretty obviously a competitor to00:06:20
Google's two consumer facing platforms,
Android and Chrome.00:06:25
Cause remember, this is not only a mobile
OS, it's essentially also a Firefox browser.00:06:31
And why does Google develop apps like the
Google Assistant for what is still a very00:06:35
small platform?00:06:36
Well, I will have to speculate here, but I do
have a few ideas:00:06:40
So when faced with a competitor, Google can
have two different approaches.00:06:44
Approach one is to use its quasi monopoly
to try to kill the competitor before they become00:06:49
too successful, like it did with Windows Phone
or like it's doing with Amazon's platform right now.00:06:54
Google never brought their services to the
Windows Phone platform and actively fought00:06:58
companies who made third-party clients for them.00:07:00
They are now doing very similar things with the
Echo and FireTV platforms, where they are00:07:04
trying to keep YouTube off these devices with
all their might.00:07:08
The thinking is: people really want Google
services, and denying a platform quality access00:07:13
to them can be deadly for the platform.00:07:15
On the other hand, with platforms it doesn't
want to or can't kill, like iOS and KaiOS,00:07:21
Google does the opposite.00:07:23
It floods these platforms with Google services,
and in KaiOS even with a financial investment,00:07:28
to try to control as many user interactions
on them as possible.00:07:31
You know, if you can't beat them, join them.00:07:34
Google can, simply put, buy its way into this
new mobile company.00:07:38
So even if in a couple of years it will become a major platform like I think it will,00:07:42
Google will be there to not only control it, but also profit off of it.00:07:47
Also, KaiOS has two exciting promises for
Google.00:07:50
First, a focus on the web.00:07:52
And sure, it's currently based on FireFox,
but Google basically owns half the web anyway00:07:56
and KaiOS apps are essentially progressive
web apps, which Google wants to establish00:08:01
as the new web standard.00:08:03
If progressive web apps succeed on KaiOS,
they will be beneficial for both Android and00:08:08
Chrome as well.00:08:09
And second, KaiOS is a perfect place for the
Google Assistant.00:08:13
Yes, believe it or not, voice is a huge hit on KaiOS.00:08:17
Which kinda makes sense if you think about it.00:08:20
The number pad isn't exactly a great input
method, plus feature phone users are often00:08:24
less comfortable with navigating complex visual
UIs and a disproportional amount of them are00:08:30
even illiterate.00:08:31
So voice is a big deal here.00:08:34
The JioPhone has a prominent voice assistant
button on it that launches their very own00:08:38
Jio Assistant, and that one alone has served
over 200 million voice commands already, so00:08:44
obviously Google wants to attack this market.00:08:46
Alright, before I wrap it up, there are a
few things I'm not so fond of when it comes to KaiOS.00:08:51
First of all, they took what is essentially open source code and turned it into a very closed,00:08:57
locked down ecosystem, which is not my favourite thing ever.00:09:00
Second, I am not sure I like Google becoming
a bigger monopoly by gobbling up smaller platforms00:09:07
that could challenge it in some way, not a big fan of that.00:09:10
And third, this operating system, at least on this hardware, if you try to use heavy,00:09:17
unoptimized websites like, I don't know, the Verge for example, is basically unusable.00:09:23
But other than that, pretty cool project!00:09:25
I think Google investing into KaiOS is a super smart move.00:09:29
If played well, it means that hundreds of
millions of people who experience the internet00:09:33
for the first time will do so using Google services.00:09:37
I'm actually surprised that Facebook or Microsoft,
who have always wanted to have their own mobile00:09:42
OS didn't jump on the opportunity in quite
the same way, but hey, Google did, and while00:09:47
I'm personally not personally super happy
about their monopoly growing ever bigger,00:09:50
I do have to admit that they were pretty damn
smart for doing it.00:09:54
Now, Google being smart about mobile operating
systems shouldn't really come as a surprise00:09:58
as they actively deal with them every day,
and after all, it's practice that makes perfect.00:10:03
If you were to get really smart about something,
you'd also have to get there by actively practicing00:10:08
it, not just by passively having someone explain
it to you.00:10:11
Which is what Brilliant lets you do.00:10:13
They take complex topics like Computer Memory,
Astronomy and even Computational Biology,00:10:19
structure really engaging and fun classes
around them and then make you whip out a calculator00:10:23
or a notebook and complete exercises to really
drill those concepts into your brain.00:10:28
Unlike, say, college exams that just train
you to keep stuff in your short-term memory,00:10:32
Brilliant teaches you real, useful concepts
that will stick with you on the long term.00:10:37
So if you are interested in taking courses,
like problem solving, which turned out to00:10:41
be surprisingly fun, go to brilliant.org/TechAltar
for either a free account, or 20% off a premium00:10:47
account for the first 200 people to sign up
using this link.00:10:50
And by doing so, you really help my channel
out as well!Description:
Спонсор — Brilliant. Первые 200 получают 20-процентную скидку на подписку: https://brilliant.org/ Недавно Google инвестировала 22 миллиона долларов в операционную систему KaiOS. Может ли она стать третьей крупной мобильной платформой? (Закадровые истории, эпизод 36.) [[[ СОЦСЕТИ ]]]: http://twitter.com/TechAltar https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser [[[ СЪЁМОЧНОЕ ОБОРУДОВАНИЕ ]]]: https://domains.snagged.com/domain/kit.com [[[ АТРИБУЦИИ ]]]: Музыка — Epidemic Sound http://www.epidemicsound.com/
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