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Video tags
Subtitles
Russian
00:00:09
hello friends, today we00:00:12
will talk about the ankle joint00:00:14
where the lower leg connects to this we00:00:17
had the wrist joint where the beam00:00:19
connects to the wrist ankle on00:00:22
this is where the lower leg connects to you as00:00:24
a result of the mechanics of this particular joint00:00:27
the possibilities are interesting in the mechanics of this00:00:28
joint, fortunately, it is very simple, so it is00:00:32
very pleasant to discuss it because the lower00:00:34
leg is always open and the foot is open, there are00:00:37
no muscular parts that would00:00:39
strongly close this system. In general, the00:00:42
lower we go, the less00:00:47
closedness there is in the joints, on the contrary, the cheeks00:00:50
become increasingly thicker the more00:00:52
saturated and therefore the ankle00:00:54
joint is its own row of these condyles and00:00:56
works so we just need to understand00:00:58
their mechanics their design if we00:01:00
draw the ankle joint from above then00:01:02
we will see that the edge of the tibia comes which ends in the00:01:08
internal veins with a00:01:10
fairly voluminous bony protrusion00:01:12
which then sharply rises up and00:01:15
forms such a surface here and00:01:18
such a surface here,00:01:20
which is the place that00:01:23
connects to the talus bone, which00:01:26
is located inside the foot, that is, this is00:01:28
such a bone in the form of such a00:01:31
pyramid that you find so difficult but to the00:01:33
end the trapezium is such that it is always00:01:34
laid if you look at it from the front,00:01:37
therefore, the tibia00:01:39
simultaneously captures and the lateral00:01:41
surface limits movement and00:01:43
clamps and and on top so that the bone lies in00:01:46
such a cell, as a result of such a00:01:48
position, 100:01:51
cloud territory of a prominent joint is formed in order to00:01:53
hold this surface and it does not form an00:01:55
external fiber,00:01:56
but with on the outer side we have the00:01:58
fibula bone, the fibula bone, which is00:02:00
thinner by nature, sharply00:02:03
increases in thickness00:02:04
on the outer surface, falls down,00:02:07
falls slightly lower relative to its00:02:10
edge than the edge of the tibia and00:02:15
also holds the lateral surface of the side of the00:02:17
bone, this is what00:02:20
happens when you draw it from the side. What will00:02:22
happen is something like this: I will00:02:24
draw the sides of the internal00:02:26
condyle from the side of the00:02:27
inner surface of the leg and so we00:02:31
see we see the edge of this00:02:35
tibia closing this surface00:02:38
we see this surface which00:02:40
corresponds to the talus and the00:02:43
talus is placed in this space in00:02:44
the form of such a semicircle of this00:02:48
volume yes in order to understand00:02:49
what it looks like on a human leg,00:02:52
it’s better to sketch it right away: we’ll go down here, we’ll go down00:02:54
here, we’ll have the territory of the big00:02:56
toe, we’ll go down here, we00:02:58
’ll have the territory of the little toe, all other00:03:01
values here, respectively, will be the00:03:02
same here, down here, we’ll go down here, we’ll get00:03:05
in the heel here going down, we will get the instep of00:03:10
the foot and the big toe, which will00:03:12
go in this direction, which is why00:03:14
the talus00:03:15
captures this space here00:03:20
like this, here the talus00:03:23
ends with such an edge and only00:03:27
then passes into the tarsus,00:03:29
and the very base of the talus lies, the00:03:32
lower part lies on the heel bone00:03:35
which under it is formed here,00:03:38
respectively, the talus has00:03:40
one edge, the second edge and it is located00:03:42
inside these forks, so this essay00:03:45
is called a vela-shaped00:03:47
joint, and therefore if you draw00:03:49
inside from the talus, it will turn out like00:03:51
this, we will now draw the talus itself in00:03:53
the form of such a block where the lower00:03:56
part is very wide, the upper part is very00:03:58
narrow, that is, there is such a slope, the00:04:00
opening00:04:01
and expansion, accordingly, led to a00:04:03
shaped connection that rests on it,00:04:04
grabs it, and so goes00:04:08
inside00:04:09
here in this part, goes up here, and00:04:12
if you cut it off, there will be something like this00:04:16
connection as a result the talus,00:04:20
which is located here as a00:04:22
wider point, cannot fit into the00:04:24
narrower space of the leading figurative00:04:27
essay, and therefore if you00:04:28
raise your toe up, then this part00:04:31
quickly enough of its wide00:04:32
territory will rest against the narrow space of the00:04:36
essay and the foot when you lift it00:04:39
up,00:04:41
lowering your heel down,00:04:42
rising into this part with the raised toe00:04:44
up quickly enough, resting in order to00:04:47
lose mobility and therefore the angle of00:04:49
ascent that occurs here usually does00:04:52
not exceed 30 degrees, to there 2500:04:56
degrees or 30 degrees, let's call it 3000:04:58
degrees, there maybe 35, someone has00:05:00
more mobility maybe00:05:02
a surface, but for now we’ll limit ourselves to this00:05:04
unexpected figure, if you00:05:06
move the toe in the opposite direction and00:05:08
make it so that this inner00:05:11
part of the sides and bones rests against this00:05:13
surface, that is, and the wide, distant00:05:15
part of the bottom goes into this part, then the toe00:05:18
will stretch forward the heel rests on this00:05:21
part will not go further here and will give us00:05:25
the angle of the foot00:05:27
in relation to this edge of the descent here00:05:30
at an angle of 45 degrees as a result of the toe00:05:34
cannot move further and it00:05:36
turns out that if the person you are00:05:38
drawing00:05:40
is using only the movement of the foot which is00:05:43
using only the ankle00:05:45
joint and here, then this is the angle00:05:47
of position that will be obtained here when00:05:50
you place the toe, this angle will be exactly00:05:52
45 degrees here and here 45 degrees, but00:05:57
if a person stands on his heel with the corrugated00:06:01
surface here00:06:05
to this side, then this angle will be00:06:07
limited by the angle at 30 or 3500:06:09
degrees, this is the turn of us to00:06:12
which will be here and here if the toe00:06:13
even goes up, which is why people00:06:16
prefer a surface that is more00:06:18
inclined here, it is easier to go down on it00:06:20
than a surface that goes00:06:22
up because it will be much more difficult to stand on it, yes, that00:06:24
is this00:06:26
movement of the cattle that is present here,00:06:29
but at the same time you can always on your toes,00:06:30
of course, Greece then it will be easier00:06:32
to get up, but that’s another story like00:06:34
this and the ankle before this, such a00:06:36
movement as a result due to the fact that this00:06:38
point is lower this point is higher always the00:06:41
outer ankle lower, the inner ankle is00:06:44
always higher, that is, this movement, because of00:06:46
this, the character of the ankles themselves has changed,00:06:48
if we look at00:06:50
the ankle that is located on the outside, then00:06:53
if you have already drawn everything, it00:06:55
looks like a diamond like this here00:06:57
and here and it goes down if you draw00:07:01
the heel here and here it drops to the00:07:05
middle00:07:06
from the instep of the foot to the heel and falls on00:07:10
its diamond exactly to the middle of the00:07:12
distance between the base of the heel and the00:07:15
instep of the foot, this is done by the outer00:07:19
ankle, but if you draw the inner00:07:21
ankle, then there will be the opposite effect, you00:07:24
will get the following effect in the00:07:28
inner ankle, which we are with you00:07:30
have it, it looks more like a square like00:07:33
this00:07:34
and this square ends in the00:07:36
place where the rise of the foot begins,00:07:39
so by. the entire inner part00:07:43
and the big toe will be on00:07:45
par with this value, so when you00:07:46
buy shoes you can see that the00:07:49
cutout of the shoe on the outside is very00:07:54
deep, the cutout on the inside is not00:07:58
so deep, so very often00:08:00
people have this little man if the matrix on00:08:03
which the00:08:05
shoes are sewn wrong or doesn’t suit you,00:08:08
you have different depths, that’s why the00:08:12
inner ankle rarely rubs against00:08:15
this edge of the foot of the shoe, the00:08:18
outer ankle very often00:08:20
rubs against this edge if the shape is00:08:22
made differently in the shoe here and here,00:08:26
that is, different heights00:08:27
respectively in the front when you draw00:08:29
this scheme you always get such a00:08:32
simple system one two three times two three00:08:36
this is higher this is lower this is at the level of the instep00:08:40
this is in the middle between the instep of the foot and the00:08:44
heel which will be located here00:08:46
here due to which such a00:08:48
beautiful system arises00:08:50
personified sti on the big toe00:08:52
but this in the future we will see because the00:08:54
entire line of the shin is always looking at the big00:08:57
toe, it is the most pushing, so00:08:58
everything passes through it, so the movement of00:09:01
raising and lowering the foot is all that00:09:04
can be done in the ankle joint;00:09:07
another movement that is present and00:09:09
you know it well enough is00:09:11
when you take foot and relative to the00:09:14
inner ankle of the ankle, which00:09:17
is located here, you can take it and00:09:19
move it a little bit like this in00:09:21
this direction, or relative to the same00:09:24
volume of the leading-shaped joint here and00:09:26
here, you can, on the contrary,00:09:29
turn your thumb inward and, as if stand00:09:31
on your little finger, this the further movement of supination or00:09:34
pronation of the foot, as it can be called,00:09:35
no longer occurs in the ankle joint, but00:09:38
this movement occurs in the joint between the00:09:41
talus and the calcaneus,00:09:43
here are the sides of the heel, this is where00:09:46
this slight00:09:47
swing occurs inside, which is already located00:09:50
below here and here00:09:52
from this the foot turns from this,00:09:55
further movement occurs, this00:09:58
movement is already inside a little00:09:59
lower in the next tier, this very often00:10:02
affects00:10:03
flat feet and if the foot itself is spread out, the00:10:07
bones of the arch and the foot are not held in00:10:10
this part here along the instep, the tension of the arch of the foot is lost,00:10:13
then you will get a break on the instep it goes00:10:16
inward and your heel which should00:10:18
be in a straight line from the talus down00:10:21
will begin to come out to the outer surface00:10:25
in this direction imagine the instep of the foot00:10:27
will fall into the inner part00:10:29
and will occur on the back side if the foot00:10:33
is viewed from the back here it will be the00:10:35
Achilles tendon00:10:36
inner ankle outer ankle00:10:39
heel this is how she stands in a straight line, the00:10:43
pointer of the feet of their people 2 on the heel00:10:46
essay, changes in rotation00:10:48
and heel occur. comes out like this in this00:10:51
direction, the foot falls inward, which is00:10:53
why it becomes difficult to walk, which is why00:10:56
early the heel composition00:10:57
begins to sway more and more,00:10:59
this is very unpleasant, led the00:11:02
opposite impression, it is constantly00:11:03
depressed and therefore it is difficult for people of descent stopim to00:11:06
walk00:11:08
for a long time or to walk quickly or tense00:11:12
because of this, it is necessary to create an00:11:13
artificial lift, respectively, there are00:11:15
insoles that lift this00:11:17
surface or an insole that is00:11:18
placed under this part of the foot00:11:20
in order to raise the ram of the heel00:11:23
joints and get rid of this00:11:25
unexpected problem, this is what the00:11:28
ankle joint looks like and this is the00:11:31
mobility it has all 100 all other00:11:33
mobility when the toe is extended even00:11:35
further you saw and you00:11:38
can probably do this too when you lie down on00:11:41
some horizontal surface and00:11:43
relative to your lower leg which00:11:46
comes from here you see that the heel00:11:48
is always in the same00:11:49
position and the foot may be a00:11:52
continuation of this straight line and00:11:54
maybe the fingers even bend further, so00:11:57
in this connection the talus is00:11:59
stopped and does not go further in this00:12:01
connection the heel00:12:03
is also in the same position,00:12:04
respectively, the rest of the movement00:12:06
belongs to the territory00:12:08
of the tarsus,00:12:09
that is, the bones begin, which is00:12:11
located here here you can see the00:12:13
wedge-shaped bones, which is00:12:15
located in this part, the continuation of this00:12:17
volume here and here, in this part it00:12:19
is they who continue to move, they00:12:22
unfold and therefore a bump appears here where00:12:25
you can see the further movement of the foot00:12:28
as a straight move in the ballerina of that part,00:12:30
especially strengthened by ligaments therefore00:12:32
there, such a bump additionally grows00:12:34
in people who are not physically00:12:36
in this position very much or dance00:12:38
on the tip of their finger; this territory can00:12:40
remain absolutely straight because you are00:12:42
not straining, but rather relaxing your leg,00:12:44
stretching the toe like this, respectively,00:12:47
in pride plus no yes because plus on and00:12:53
the name is the bone that forms00:12:57
the height of the foot, then00:12:58
this territory of the tarsus is where the00:13:00
bones diverge and the visible00:13:02
wedge-shaped ones break up and here an00:13:04
additional movement or stretching is obtained,00:13:06
which also brings a generally00:13:09
pleasant change in shape, probably the00:13:11
whole system for constructing the ankle00:13:14
joint of the upper part, all the rest00:13:16
are narrower other joints on this way00:13:17
they also relate to the foot this is00:13:18
how they work so I wish you good luck00:13:21
and look carefully at the foot and00:13:24
look carefully at the structure00:13:25
because this is the most important thing all the best00:13:28
good luck to you friends00:13:33
[music]Description:
Голеносто́пный суста́в (лат. articulátio talocrurális) — сочленение костей голени со стопой — подвижное соединение большеберцовой, малоберцовой и таранной костей человека. Сложный по строению, блоковидный по форме, образован суставными поверхностями дистальных (расположенных дальше от туловища) эпифизов обеих берцовых костей, охватывающими «вилкой» блок таранной кости. К верхней суставной поверхности таранной кости прилежит большеберцовая кость, а по бокам — суставные поверхности наружной и внутренней лодыжек. https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2 💥 Поддержать канал https://www.donationalerts.com/r/rizhkins 💥 Текстиль Ryzhkin Team с авторской графикой Александра Рыжкина https://aleksandr-ryzhkin.creator-spring.com/ 💥 Моя группа Вконтакте https://vk.com/public193360823 💥 Мой Instagram https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser 💥 Мой Facebook https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser 💥 Видеостудия https://www.livestudio.moscow/ ________________________________________________________________ Арт-студия Виталия Лещенко https://vk.com/public196635815 ________________________________________________________________
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