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0:41

Ancient Egypt

5:20

Death Mask

8:24

Merits Beauty Box

11:55

Great Pit

19:28

The Solar Court in Luxor Temple

20:25

Front Room

21:42

Ancient Egyptian Refrigerator

24:58

Bread

29:49

The Nile Valley

34:00

Tomb Kv 25

34:39

Tombs Layout

36:18

Golden Royal Cubit

37:52

Childbirth

40:17

Turin Erotic Papyrus

42:35

Cajon Papyrus

43:24

Wandering Womb

55:55

Burial Chamber

56:12

How Do You Bury a God

The Ancient Army Of 50,000 Men That Vanished | King Cambyses II | Timeline

The Ancient Army Of 50,000 Men That Vanished | King Cambyses II | Timeline

Channel: Timeline - World History Documentaries

Ancient Egypt artifacts

Ancient Egypt culture

Ancient Egypt exploration

Ancient Egypt secrets

Ancient Egyptian art

Ancient Egyptian economy

Ancient Egyptian heritage

Ancient Egyptian religion

Ancient Egyptian society

Ancient history

Ancient history enthusiasts

Ancient world

Civilization studies

Educational content

Egyptian tombs

Hieroglyphics

Historical heritage

Historical research

History enthusiasts

Timeline - World History Documentaries

Tutankhamun

00:00:00

hi everybody welcome to this timeline

00:00:02

documentary my name is dan snow and here

00:00:04

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00:00:40

[Music]

00:00:42

ancient egypt

00:00:46

one of the most fascinating

00:00:48

civilizations on earth

00:00:50

[Music]

00:00:52

but what was it like to be an ancient

00:00:54

egyptian living in this incredible place

00:00:58

it's okay trying to understand ancient

00:01:00

egypt on a visual level pyramids king

00:01:03

tut mummies

00:01:04

but to really get into the heads of the

00:01:06

ancient egyptians you've got to walk in

00:01:08

their footsteps

00:01:12

i'm egyptologist dr joanne fletcher

00:01:15

and i've spent over 40 years obsessed

00:01:17

with this lost world

00:01:20

while the magnificent temples and tombs

00:01:22

of the pharaohs can tell us one story

00:01:25

i'm interested in another

00:01:27

the story of ordinary people the real

00:01:30

egyptians it's such a privilege we're

00:01:33

amongst their family here

00:01:35

this feeling of closeness of warmth of

00:01:37

love

00:01:38

i'm going to uncover evidence about how

00:01:41

they lived their lives

00:01:43

wow

00:01:44

it's a glimpse into the sort of world of

00:01:47

ancient egyptian interior design

00:01:50

and reveal what they hoped for in death

00:01:54

there was no grim reaper just this

00:01:56

beautiful goddess wanting to embrace

00:01:59

them in her warm arms

00:02:01

[Music]

00:02:06

and there is one very special couple i

00:02:09

want to get to know

00:02:11

as i journey to their desert village

00:02:13

home

00:02:14

and examine the treasures from their

00:02:16

tomb

00:02:17

you can only imagine there's pride and

00:02:20

joy at receiving such a mark of royal

00:02:23

favor

00:02:24

as we discover what life was really like

00:02:26

in ancient egypt

00:02:28

[Music]

00:02:47

welcome to daryl medina or as the people

00:02:50

who used to live here three and a half

00:02:52

thousand years ago used to call it

00:02:54

pardemi which simply means the village

00:02:56

[Music]

00:03:00

today this village feels remote and

00:03:03

inhospitable

00:03:05

but three and a half thousand years ago

00:03:08

this community lay at the heart of

00:03:10

ancient egypt

00:03:12

situated on luxor's west bank it was a

00:03:14

suburb of egypt's great city

00:03:17

thebes

00:03:19

now this is the landscape of kings and

00:03:22

gods pharaohs and yet these are the

00:03:25

homes of ordinary people living ordinary

00:03:28

lives

00:03:30

men and women aunts and uncles

00:03:32

grandparents and kids they all lived

00:03:34

here in this tightly packed community

00:03:39

and by reimagining how people live in

00:03:41

the colors the sounds the smells we have

00:03:44

an instant gateway right back three and

00:03:46

a half thousand years to these ancient

00:03:48

people who lived here in this remote

00:03:50

little village in the desert

00:03:52

[Music]

00:03:59

now in order to piece together the lives

00:04:01

of such people i've got an amazing set

00:04:04

of clues

00:04:07

the earthly remains of a husband and

00:04:09

wife who once lived in the village

00:04:14

but now reside nearly 2 000 miles away

00:04:19

here at the egyptian museum in turin

00:04:27

[Music]

00:04:42

meet carr and merit car the architect

00:04:45

merit his wife

00:04:49

now carr and merit were two of the sort

00:04:52

of leading lights of the village

00:04:54

cars actual title was the chief of

00:04:57

foreman so he was in charge of the

00:04:58

workforce

00:05:02

and merit her official title was lady of

00:05:04

the house which is ancient egyptian for

00:05:07

housewife

00:05:10

this is the only known statue of car

00:05:13

almost certainly an idealized image it

00:05:16

nonetheless suggests a proud and rather

00:05:18

handsome man

00:05:20

and this death mask is one of the few

00:05:22

representations we have of merit which

00:05:25

reveals a soft and very beautiful face

00:05:29

and although these mummies have never

00:05:30

been unwrapped what lies beneath has

00:05:33

been revealed by x-rays and ct scans

00:05:39

we know that carr who stood about five

00:05:42

foot six

00:05:45

was a very striking looking individual

00:05:47

with a rather prominent nose and a great

00:05:50

fondness for lots of black eyeliner

00:05:56

but then when we turned to his

00:05:57

diminutive little wife merit a very

00:06:00

dainty little lady standing about five

00:06:02

foot two

00:06:07

she also had a long crimped wig of dark

00:06:10

brown wavy hair which would have made

00:06:12

her look really really beautiful

00:06:16

[Music]

00:06:20

but what really brings cara and merit

00:06:22

back to life

00:06:24

is this

00:06:27

[Music]

00:06:34

the collection of objects discovered in

00:06:36

their intact tomb in 1906

00:06:41

where they had lain undisturbed for over

00:06:43

3 000 years

00:06:44

[Music]

00:06:47

a leading egyptologist from the time

00:06:49

wrote

00:06:50

i should think it is the greatest find

00:06:52

ever made or rather the most unique

00:06:57

absolutely intact and full of

00:07:00

antiquities

00:07:03

the passage and burial chamber are

00:07:05

choked with chairs beds boxes vases

00:07:10

arthur weigel 2 pm 15 february 1906

00:07:19

this is really a unique find because of

00:07:22

its intactness but also because of the

00:07:26

wealth of material that was in the tomb

00:07:29

[Music]

00:07:33

tables and chairs and stools and more

00:07:35

chairs and more coffers and the coffers

00:07:37

packed with linen and the coffers packed

00:07:39

with cosmetic vessels

00:07:42

and his shaving equipment packed into a

00:07:44

little leather pouch and his hip flask

00:07:48

and

00:07:49

everything is there

00:07:50

even the shaped breads wrapped with palm

00:07:53

fronds to keep them

00:07:55

fresh

00:07:59

it is really incredible there is there

00:08:01

is material there

00:08:03

for research for another

00:08:06

few generations

00:08:07

[Music]

00:08:09

the collection not only gives us a

00:08:11

fascinating insight into their burial

00:08:13

but also the lives cara merit lived

00:08:17

the fines ranging from death masks and

00:08:19

coffins to their most intimate

00:08:22

belongings used in life

00:08:24

like this merits beauty box

00:08:28

this is basically the contents of uh

00:08:30

merits dressing table the perfume

00:08:33

cosmetics moisturizers and all the

00:08:35

things that the ancient egyptians

00:08:36

regarded as so essential

00:08:39

used and well-loved this stunning

00:08:41

cosmetic chest tells us merit was a

00:08:43

well-to-do woman who cared about her

00:08:46

appearance

00:08:48

this is merit's glass black coal

00:08:51

eyeliner glass was very rare at this

00:08:53

time

00:08:54

and it's in the classic egyptian colour

00:08:56

combination of blue and gold and the

00:08:58

black eye paint that merit herself

00:09:00

applied every day to her own eyes is

00:09:02

still inside this vessel

00:09:04

it's got its wooden applicator stick in

00:09:06

the top an egyptian ladies today still

00:09:09

use this in exactly the same way

00:09:12

this

00:09:13

stone alabaster perfume vessel still got

00:09:17

the original contents running down the

00:09:19

outside

00:09:20

and it's extraordinary to think that

00:09:23

in some cases with the ancient egyptians

00:09:25

it's not just a question of the visuals

00:09:27

it's it's how to reach back in time into

00:09:30

their world through other senses the

00:09:32

sense of smell for instance and to be

00:09:34

able to smell the things they smell the

00:09:36

cinnamon the lotus the cedar

00:09:42

clearly this is an expensive item

00:09:44

so how would a fairly ordinary egyptian

00:09:47

like merit afford such luxury

00:09:52

[Music]

00:09:56

the answer lies in the village and the

00:09:59

very special occupation of its

00:10:00

inhabitants

00:10:05

these were egypt's tomb and temple

00:10:07

builders

00:10:10

from the foreman to the stonemason from

00:10:13

the draftsman to the carpenter and they

00:10:16

all lived here with their wives and

00:10:17

children

00:10:19

and about a mile to the northwest is

00:10:21

where they worked

00:10:23

the most famous cemetery on earth

00:10:28

this is the great and majestic

00:10:31

necropolis of the millions of years of

00:10:33

pharaoh life prosperity and health in

00:10:36

the west of thebes

00:10:38

or as we know it today the valley of the

00:10:41

[Music]

00:10:44

kings for nearly 500 years men like carr

00:10:48

created the tombs of some of egypt's

00:10:50

most famous pharaohs

00:10:52

hatshepsut aminotept iii and toot and

00:10:56

carmen were all buried here

00:10:59

they were an elite a kind of crack force

00:11:01

of workmen and architects the very best

00:11:05

of the egyptian

00:11:07

culture

00:11:09

they were the craftsmen that implemented

00:11:11

what pharaoh wanted to sustain pharaoh's

00:11:14

soul for eternity

00:11:18

they were almost magicians operating

00:11:21

secretly within this stunning landscape

00:11:29

but i'm getting ahead of myself as the

00:11:32

life story of cara merit begins back in

00:11:34

the village

00:11:37

here i want to explore how they may have

00:11:39

met and fallen in love

00:11:41

they probably grew up in the village but

00:11:43

how did a young couple like them go

00:11:45

about courting

00:11:49

to find out i don't have to go very far

00:11:52

as here on the outskirts of the village

00:11:55

is the great pit

00:11:59

it's a long abandoned attempt by the

00:12:01

villagers to find a groundwater source

00:12:05

they dug down and down and eventually

00:12:08

reach more than 50 meters

00:12:10

they wanted to become self-sufficient in

00:12:12

water but sadly for them they never did

00:12:15

and yet what the pit did become

00:12:18

was a community dump it became a mine of

00:12:22

information when this pit and its

00:12:25

surroundings were excavated by

00:12:26

archaeologists

00:12:28

they made some remarkable discoveries

00:12:35

and this is what was found here

00:12:37

literally tens of thousands of these

00:12:39

pieces of pottery and stone some with

00:12:43

pictures many more with words giving us

00:12:46

the real history of the village because

00:12:48

these are their notes their reminders

00:12:50

their love songs

00:12:52

their laundry lists the very voices of

00:12:55

this village

00:12:59

and some of these voices tell us about

00:13:01

falling in love

00:13:04

your hand is in my hand

00:13:07

my body shakes with joy

00:13:09

my heart is so happy because we walk

00:13:11

together

00:13:13

to hear your voice is like pomegranate

00:13:15

wine

00:13:16

this is a typical love point written on

00:13:18

papyrus as well as stone or pottery

00:13:20

fragments they capture the feelings of

00:13:22

young lovers they're so common it seems

00:13:25

our village was a real hotbed of passion

00:13:28

every single one

00:13:30

of the love poems from ancient egypt

00:13:33

come from this village except one

00:13:36

some of the titles are really evocative

00:13:38

there's your love down to the river all

00:13:42

night and all day and the rather

00:13:44

suggestive shedding clothes

00:13:46

i go down to the water to be with you

00:13:49

and come up again with a red fish

00:13:50

looking splendid on my fingers

00:13:53

oh my warrior my beloved

00:13:56

come look at me

00:13:58

and it's nice to imagine that such

00:14:00

beautiful lines of love played a part in

00:14:03

the courtship of karen merit

00:14:06

today we might seal the deal with a

00:14:08

proposal engagement and marriage but

00:14:10

some ancient egyptians seem to have

00:14:12

taken a rather more direct approach

00:14:15

carr may well have signaled his

00:14:17

commitment to merit by bringing her his

00:14:19

bundle to bring the bundle meant you

00:14:21

wanted to indicate your desire to move

00:14:24

in with the person who took your fancy

00:14:27

the bundle is thought to have been a

00:14:29

kind of dowry consisting of everything

00:14:31

the man owned

00:14:33

it's likely that presenting it to your

00:14:35

intended was one of the first steps to

00:14:36

setting up home together

00:14:38

however this didn't always go to plan as

00:14:41

one villager recounts

00:14:43

know the man left he tells us this very

00:14:46

sad story he lists all his worldly goods

00:14:50

which i must say aren't that impressive

00:14:52

then he tells us he went to the woman's

00:14:54

house but all her family simply threw

00:14:57

him out and as he says himself

00:14:59

so i went again with all my property in

00:15:02

order to live with them and see she

00:15:04

acted in exactly the same way and threw

00:15:06

me out again

00:15:08

you can almost feel his outrage because

00:15:10

this woman has not just turned him down

00:15:12

but all the things he could bring with

00:15:14

him

00:15:15

presumably she was unimpressed by the

00:15:16

size of his bundle

00:15:22

we can assume carr suffered no such

00:15:24

indignity as evidence from the tomb

00:15:26

suggests that he and merit were a loving

00:15:28

and monogamous couple

00:15:31

[Music]

00:15:33

the scenes on this beautiful box show

00:15:35

kara merit seated together to share the

00:15:38

offerings which will sustain them in the

00:15:39

afterlife

00:15:41

[Music]

00:15:44

but in life too we also have clues to

00:15:46

their devotion

00:15:50

[Music]

00:15:54

now although the ancient egyptians

00:15:55

didn't have a marriage ceremony as we

00:15:57

would understand it they simply moved in

00:15:59

together they nevertheless would

00:16:02

exchange love tokens quite often in the

00:16:04

form of rings

00:16:06

[Music]

00:16:09

this ring was discovered underneath the

00:16:12

death mask of merit

00:16:17

it's so precious it's not yet on display

00:16:20

here in turin

00:16:22

this is the ring that was found inside

00:16:25

the mask

00:16:26

almost as an afterthought of merit

00:16:29

so it was shoved in there

00:16:32

just as she was being buried it spent

00:16:35

all those thousands of years just tucked

00:16:37

away hidden away

00:16:38

within merit's own wrappings a very ad

00:16:41

hoc thing wasn't it a very spontaneous

00:16:43

gesture almost and the image on it is it

00:16:46

it looks like the the cow of hathor

00:16:48

that's exactly what it is

00:16:54

the goddess hathor was often depicted as

00:16:56

a cow

00:16:58

she was seen as the eternal mother

00:17:00

figure to both the living and the dead

00:17:05

in life she aided fertility and provided

00:17:08

protection in childbirth

00:17:12

while in death she ensured safe passage

00:17:15

into the afterlife

00:17:17

this represents the love between carl

00:17:20

merit and

00:17:22

in this tiny little object in some ways

00:17:25

it's perhaps the most important thing

00:17:27

from the the entire tomb for me

00:17:29

personally it's wonderful

00:17:36

car and merit lived in a glittering age

00:17:39

in egyptian history

00:17:42

sustained by the annual floods of the

00:17:43

river nile the egyptian state had

00:17:46

existed for almost 2 000 years

00:17:50

[Music]

00:18:01

by 1400 bc it was at the height of its

00:18:04

power and now ruled by the 18th royal

00:18:08

dynasty

00:18:10

[Music]

00:18:19

its kings are among the greatest names

00:18:22

of ancient egypt

00:18:24

we have the so-called boy king toot and

00:18:27

carmen the great female pharaoh

00:18:29

hatshepsut and the so-called bad boy the

00:18:32

heretic akhenaten

00:18:36

but really at the very heart of all this

00:18:38

is akhenaten's father

00:18:40

this man

00:18:42

amenotep iii

00:18:44

the dazzling sun god himself and the

00:18:47

very personification

00:18:49

at least he thought of ancient egypt's

00:18:52

greatest deity the sun

00:18:54

he's my favorite pharaoh because he

00:18:56

presided over a golden age when ancient

00:18:59

egypt really did rule the ancient world

00:19:02

and this is the very pharaoh who was

00:19:04

carr's boss carr worked for him

00:19:10

carr's job was to ensure the pharaoh's

00:19:12

immortality

00:19:14

he did this by helping design and build

00:19:17

some of egypt's most extraordinary

00:19:18

monuments both tombs and temples

00:19:24

this is one such project from the reign

00:19:26

of amanotep the third

00:19:29

the solar court in luxor temple

00:19:33

it's a revolutionary design as it moved

00:19:35

away from the dark and cloistered shrine

00:19:38

to an open celebration of the sun

00:19:45

in return like all state employees car

00:19:48

and merit were given the things they

00:19:49

needed in the village a home a tomb

00:19:53

food water even servants

00:19:57

this was the highly organized world of

00:19:59

the middle classes

00:20:00

women had rights many kids and education

00:20:03

and literacy was far higher in the

00:20:06

village than elsewhere in egypt

00:20:10

in cara merits time the village

00:20:12

consisted of about 20 houses

00:20:15

and while we don't know exactly which

00:20:16

one was their house it was almost

00:20:18

certainly one of the larger ones here at

00:20:20

the northern end

00:20:22

perhaps even this one

00:20:24

so we're going to the front room here

00:20:29

and this would be an area really where

00:20:31

the women of the house hung out

00:20:33

chattered gossiped and so forth kids

00:20:36

running in and out up the stairs

00:20:38

around the corner into the perhaps most

00:20:41

important room in the house and here i

00:20:43

absolutely love this this is built-in

00:20:45

furniture it's kind of like a a divan a

00:20:48

shares long if you like and this is

00:20:50

where the the gentleman of the house

00:20:51

would uh sit of an evening drinking beer

00:20:54

having a chat

00:20:57

then back up here up this little step

00:20:59

and then into this area which is quite a

00:21:02

considerable size for a room like this

00:21:04

and probably storage but also a bedroom

00:21:08

where the beds or the sleeping mats

00:21:09

would have been placed

00:21:12

so as we progress a little further into

00:21:15

the highest part of the house we come

00:21:17

into a storage area maybe for clothes

00:21:20

but almost certainly for food and drink

00:21:22

also because this area directly adjoins

00:21:25

this wonderful fitted kitchen

00:21:28

and this is extraordinary because we've

00:21:30

actually got the built-in oven at the

00:21:31

back of the house we even see these on

00:21:33

the ostrich when they're doing little

00:21:35

sketches of ladies blowing into the oven

00:21:37

to keep the the fire hot and then they

00:21:39

can cook the bread and so forth and then

00:21:41

here

00:21:42

ancient egyptian refrigerator where

00:21:45

you'd place pottery vessels with

00:21:46

drinking you'd want a cool drink on a

00:21:49

day like this you can understand why and

00:21:51

the only way to do this was to sink the

00:21:53

vessels into a pit deeper in the ground

00:21:56

little tiny temporary roof over it to

00:21:58

keep it as chilled as possible so fridge

00:22:01

oven they've got everything they needed

00:22:05

and of course at either side

00:22:08

aren't rooms of this house but these are

00:22:10

the neighbors houses these are a

00:22:12

terraced street if you like of

00:22:14

back-to-back houses they saw britain had

00:22:16

in the industrial revolution so the

00:22:19

neighbors were never very far away and

00:22:21

the concept of privacy certainly in this

00:22:23

little corner of ancient egypt was a

00:22:25

completely unknown thing

00:22:27

[Music]

00:22:35

life in the village was almost entirely

00:22:38

supported by the state

00:22:39

[Music]

00:22:41

a daily procession of donkeys would

00:22:43

carry water up from the nile valley to

00:22:45

be decanted into a central system

00:22:48

[Music]

00:22:51

each household was entitled to an

00:22:53

average of 100 liters per day for

00:22:55

drinking cooking and bathing

00:22:58

[Music]

00:23:00

less than half a mile from the village

00:23:02

lies another crucial remnant of this

00:23:04

highly organized infrastructure

00:23:08

although built a little after cast time

00:23:10

grain stores like these acted as a kind

00:23:12

of bank

00:23:14

money didn't exist in egypt at this time

00:23:17

so at the end of each month carr would

00:23:19

have received his salary as a ration of

00:23:22

wheat and barley

00:23:24

granaries like this would have held an

00:23:26

immense amount of food

00:23:29

these granaries alone would have held

00:23:31

over 40 000 individual sacks of grain

00:23:36

chief workmen like carr were entitled to

00:23:38

seven and a half sacks of grain a month

00:23:40

five and a half of emma wheat and two of

00:23:42

barley

00:23:44

plenty for merit and their servants to

00:23:45

produce the staples of egyptian life

00:23:48

bread and beer the villagers also

00:23:51

received fish and vegetables and could

00:23:53

trade their excess grain for luxuries

00:23:55

like meat and wine

00:23:58

these places would have been full of

00:23:59

life

00:24:02

people bustling here and there scribes

00:24:05

taking record making an account of all

00:24:07

the stuff being delivered

00:24:17

a constant stream of men carrying sacks

00:24:20

depositing them here people coming to

00:24:22

collect their rations

00:24:27

it's a simple system but one that

00:24:30

endured

00:24:31

fueling egypt's success and political

00:24:33

stability for thousands of years

00:24:37

indeed it was a system so important it

00:24:40

was represented on numerous tomb walls

00:24:43

these scenes are from the tomb of the

00:24:45

scribe mena contemporary with carr

00:24:48

himself

00:24:50

here we can see the whole process of the

00:24:52

wheat and barley being harvested and

00:24:54

distributed

00:24:56

and here the principal food it produced

00:24:59

bread

00:25:01

cara merit had no less than 50 loaves of

00:25:04

bread in there too

00:25:08

[Music]

00:25:23

now bread was the key ingredient in the

00:25:25

ancient egyptian diet

00:25:27

the ancient egyptians added many

00:25:29

different things to it you could add

00:25:31

dates or honey to make it sweet or

00:25:34

savoury things cumin seeds coriander

00:25:37

seeds all manner of different

00:25:39

ingredients to really vary it

00:25:42

and in the tomb there's a whole range of

00:25:44

different sizes and shapes including

00:25:46

what appear to be gingerbread men little

00:25:49

shapes of fruit flowers and animals

00:25:54

although they didn't have yeast as such

00:25:56

the technique of combining flour water

00:25:59

and salt to make bread is virtually

00:26:02

unchanged in three and a half thousand

00:26:04

years

00:26:06

i mean this is a completely timeless

00:26:07

scene this fabulous mud brick oven is

00:26:10

typical of the ovens we find in ancient

00:26:12

egyptian settlements

00:26:14

[Music]

00:26:20

it's

00:26:22

totally believable to imagine merit

00:26:24

baking bread to feed her family it's a

00:26:27

completely timeless scene

00:26:37

[Music]

00:26:45

it's a real direct link back into their

00:26:48

world the smell of this wonderful stuff

00:26:51

the feel of it the way it was made

00:26:54

[Music]

00:26:58

all egyptians would have eaten this on a

00:27:00

daily basis

00:27:05

it was the sort of stuff that you

00:27:06

offered to the gods

00:27:09

and even when the bread had gone mouldy

00:27:12

the egyptians used it as a form of

00:27:13

medicine which wouldn't be fully

00:27:15

understood for thousands of years

00:27:18

the medical techs actually advocate take

00:27:21

bread in moldy condition and apply to

00:27:23

the wound in question and although they

00:27:25

didn't know why it worked it did work

00:27:28

because moldy bread contains of course

00:27:30

penicillin which we in the west think we

00:27:33

discovered and yet the ancient egyptians

00:27:35

fully appreciated its benefits five

00:27:37

thousand years ago

00:27:39

it's very good stuff

00:27:43

while merits responsibilities were

00:27:44

largely focused on life at home carr's

00:27:48

duties were dominated by working for the

00:27:50

pharaoh

00:27:54

he and his fellow tomb builders took

00:27:56

this path from the village to their

00:27:58

workplace

00:27:59

the valley of the kings

00:28:07

it starts here at the sun end of the

00:28:08

village then it follows that path there

00:28:10

see right up

00:28:12

over that call and then we go

00:28:14

straight up and over the top of the

00:28:16

mountain

00:28:20

car and his workforce would have

00:28:22

regularly made this journey sometimes

00:28:24

camping out during the working week in

00:28:26

small huts in the valley

00:28:30

[Music]

00:28:33

in cars day probably about 40 to 60 men

00:28:36

making this journey probably singing

00:28:38

probably carrying water pots themselves

00:28:40

and the day's rations maybe

00:28:42

car must have walked this path hundreds

00:28:44

of times first perhaps as a carpenter

00:28:47

but eventually as the royal architect

00:28:50

and overseer

00:28:51

so if we've been working about 45

00:28:53

minutes in full sun and it's really

00:28:55

really hot

00:28:56

then carne's men coming up this path to

00:28:59

work they do the walk and then they have

00:29:02

to do the work exactly

00:29:04

[Music]

00:29:07

their regular commute took them further

00:29:08

west into the land of the dead

00:29:12

in fact from up here you can see why

00:29:15

this place was so carefully chosen as it

00:29:17

mirrors the ancient egyptian spiritual

00:29:20

beliefs

00:29:22

if you worship the son as a god

00:29:24

then two times of the day take on

00:29:26

special significance

00:29:28

sunrise in the east and sunset in the

00:29:30

west

00:29:32

sunrise is the birth of the god so the

00:29:34

east is the land of the living

00:29:36

sunset is the death of the god so the

00:29:38

west is the land of death

00:29:39

so they pick this spot to make the tombs

00:29:42

for the dead

00:29:45

this one spot life

00:29:48

death

00:29:50

the nile valley

00:29:52

the valley of the kings

00:29:54

[Music]

00:29:55

and it is that stark isn't it

00:30:09

continuing our hike we finally reach the

00:30:12

western branch of the valley of the

00:30:14

kings

00:30:18

where time has virtually stood still

00:30:24

remnants of the tomb builders world

00:30:26

litter the landscape

00:30:30

this is a great staircase it's super

00:30:32

business

00:30:34

beautifully constructed though further

00:30:36

up and then it's absolutely perfect

00:30:43

this is it this is the start of cars

00:30:45

domain this is actually a guard hut and

00:30:48

one man would be on garden here 24 hours

00:30:50

a day

00:30:51

and you can see

00:30:55

even ancient pottery has been preserved

00:30:57

at this site that's three and a half

00:30:59

thousand years old so this piece is like

00:31:01

one of cars empties is empty beer jar

00:31:04

and we know this is eighteenth innocent

00:31:06

don't we because the valley this part of

00:31:07

the valley the west valley was only ever

00:31:10

used for oil tombs any kind of daylight

00:31:12

that's right yeah

00:31:14

[Music]

00:31:18

the guards in these huts maintained a

00:31:20

watchful eye over everything that went

00:31:22

on in the valley

00:31:25

what he was guarding against

00:31:26

was obviously tomb robbery for the

00:31:29

pre-existing tombs but while the the new

00:31:32

king's tomb was under construction the

00:31:34

materials used in the construction of

00:31:36

the tomb were also very valuable metal

00:31:38

copper the copper chisels especially

00:31:41

the paints

00:31:42

the plaster the oils for the lamps this

00:31:45

was all very valuable material

00:31:51

although deathly silent today

00:31:54

three and a half thousand years ago

00:31:56

these walls would have reverberated with

00:31:58

the sound of cars construction teams

00:32:04

to be the mallets hitting the chisels in

00:32:06

the tomb

00:32:07

the re-pounding of the people making the

00:32:09

plaster

00:32:10

and the mixing bowls for the for the

00:32:12

paints

00:32:14

and there'd be the voice of the overseer

00:32:16

telling people off or telling people to

00:32:18

do this to do that

00:32:21

building a tomb for the king was

00:32:23

hazardous work

00:32:25

although not all the dangers are

00:32:26

immediately obvious

00:32:29

apart from the normal hazards of hitting

00:32:31

your hand with a mallet or getting cut

00:32:32

with a chisel falling off scaffolding

00:32:35

breaking legs falling down the tomb the

00:32:37

other risk is because this is a wadi

00:32:39

it's a dry riverbed there are flash

00:32:41

floods now and again and

00:32:43

all this would come crashing down

00:32:48

and they would have to run

00:32:57

during his lifetime carr worked on three

00:33:00

royal tombs initially as a craftsman

00:33:03

[Music]

00:33:06

these copper chisels found in his tomb

00:33:08

were the tools of cast trade

00:33:12

he then rose to become royal architect

00:33:15

and the overseer responsible for the

00:33:17

design and construction of at least two

00:33:20

pharaoh's tombs

00:33:24

it was a task on which egypt entirely

00:33:26

depended since each pharaoh must be able

00:33:30

to reach the afterlife to ensure both

00:33:32

their immortality and the well-being of

00:33:35

their subjects

00:33:39

build it correctly and all would be well

00:33:42

fail and egypt would fail with it

00:33:51

so how did carr and his men actually

00:33:53

undertake this most onerous of tasks

00:33:56

i'll follow in your footsteps

00:34:00

this is tombk25

00:34:05

thought to have been started for amino

00:34:06

tepe the third son at canarton

00:34:09

it was left unfinished when akhenaten

00:34:11

suddenly moved his capital away from

00:34:13

thebes

00:34:15

it's as if the workmen only downed tools

00:34:18

yesterday

00:34:20

nice so you can see joe yeah unfinished

00:34:22

wall it's been chiseled smooth but it

00:34:24

hasn't been plastered and you can

00:34:26

actually see the gauge marks of the

00:34:27

chisels where they've counted out the

00:34:30

material what a treat to be able to see

00:34:32

this kind of working surface

00:34:36

as an architect carr meticulously

00:34:39

planned the tombs layout using the

00:34:41

ancient egyptian unit of measurement the

00:34:43

cubit

00:34:44

in modern thames the cuba was roughly 52

00:34:47

and a half centimeters long

00:34:49

and it's subdivided into what was called

00:34:51

seven palms the palm of your hand one

00:34:54

two three four five six seven and on the

00:34:56

end we have four fingers there

00:34:58

perfect perfect

00:35:00

um the way this would be used was

00:35:02

marking out and measuring the way down

00:35:04

the tube

00:35:05

in fact you can see

00:35:07

the dots there where they've been

00:35:08

marking out you see

00:35:10

as they came down

00:35:14

it corresponds exactly

00:35:16

indeed and it's so usable

00:35:19

that

00:35:20

it is elegant isn't it at the end of the

00:35:22

day's work i could fold it up pop it

00:35:25

back in its leather carrying case and

00:35:27

take it

00:35:32

just imagine

00:35:34

car and his team of 30 or 40 men toiling

00:35:37

in this extreme heat and choking dust

00:35:42

and to light their way

00:35:43

all they had were these simple oil lamps

00:35:49

i think being down here in the dark with

00:35:52

a lamp like this

00:35:54

really increases the respect i have for

00:35:57

and his workforce that they were able to

00:35:59

create such sublime monuments

00:36:02

with such simple tools

00:36:12

the evidence reveals carr was highly

00:36:14

respected in life

00:36:17

this beautiful object is a golden royal

00:36:20

cubit

00:36:21

it was presented to carr in recognition

00:36:23

for his work for the pharaoh aminotepe

00:36:26

ii

00:36:27

it can only be equated to a kind of

00:36:29

carriage clock or an engraved tankard

00:36:31

that you're given for good service and

00:36:34

you can only imagine

00:36:35

cars pride and joy at receiving such a

00:36:38

mark of royal favor and had the ancient

00:36:41

egyptians had a mantle piece this would

00:36:42

have been on it but i think the true

00:36:45

value of this special qubit

00:36:47

is the fact it's been personalized to

00:36:49

such a great degree

00:36:51

and

00:36:52

it actually sums up car in a single item

00:36:55

it's the tools of his trade and yet it's

00:36:58

been embellished

00:37:00

the inscriptions on this are

00:37:03

wonderful

00:37:04

so many little details about carl's

00:37:06

career about the fact he built a small

00:37:09

shrine or temple

00:37:11

not even in thebes further north at a

00:37:13

site called hermopolis so he was clearly

00:37:15

active outside of thebes

00:37:19

it's pretty hard to describe how it

00:37:21

feels to hold something like this

00:37:23

that car and probably merit would have

00:37:26

held quite a lot just to sort of marvel

00:37:28

at it

00:37:29

and and congratulate themselves on on on

00:37:31

being so

00:37:33

high up in pharaoh's favor

00:37:40

i love it i absolutely love it

00:37:43

[Music]

00:37:46

with carr's career on the rise he and

00:37:48

merit also started a family

00:37:51

[Music]

00:37:52

childbirth is a risky time in any

00:37:54

woman's life

00:37:55

and certainly in ancient egypt

00:37:58

merit would have sought help from hathor

00:38:01

the pre-eminent goddess of motherhood

00:38:05

all ancient egyptian women wanted to be

00:38:07

like hathor she's like a a modern female

00:38:10

celebrity that all women aspire to be

00:38:13

she had it all and she was worshiped

00:38:15

here

00:38:18

this is the funerary temple of the great

00:38:21

female pharaoh hat shep sut at der el

00:38:24

bakri

00:38:26

situated just two miles from the village

00:38:29

it's located at the base of the very

00:38:31

cliffs in which hathor herself was

00:38:33

believed to reside

00:38:38

but how might the goddess have touched

00:38:40

merit's life

00:38:43

these columns are each one topped with

00:38:45

the image of the goddess herself the

00:38:47

face of a beautiful woman but with cow's

00:38:50

ears poking through the mass of hair to

00:38:52

reflect the goddesses cow-like docile

00:38:56

sweet nature

00:38:58

she's seen as an eternal mother figure

00:39:00

that can nurture all those around her

00:39:03

who would then take care of your soul

00:39:05

for eternity and allow you to be reborn

00:39:07

each morning with the rising sun

00:39:10

[Music]

00:39:13

ordinary people like merit could not

00:39:15

enter the actual temples themselves

00:39:18

these were sacred places reserved for

00:39:21

the clergy and the pharaohs

00:39:23

so merit would have turned to a more

00:39:25

domestic form of worship

00:39:28

now this wonderful thing is an exact

00:39:31

replica of a bowl found in the village

00:39:33

and it shows the double heads of the

00:39:35

goddess hathor

00:39:36

i think they very much regarded this as

00:39:39

a potent talisman almost like an amulet

00:39:42

that they could have about the house to

00:39:44

bring beautiful face of hathor into

00:39:46

their daily life so whatever they put in

00:39:48

it be it food

00:39:50

beer wine even flowers the contents

00:39:53

would be almost sprinkled with a little

00:39:55

bit of hathor's magic

00:40:00

yet hassel wasn't only the goddess of

00:40:03

fertility and motherhood she was also

00:40:05

the deity of sexual pleasure

00:40:08

and the evidence suggests that enjoying

00:40:10

sex was as important then as it is now

00:40:14

this is a replica of a section of the

00:40:16

so-called turin erotic papyrus

00:40:20

what it shows are coupled actively very

00:40:24

actively having sex

00:40:26

the men all appear quite rough and ready

00:40:28

some have receding hairline stubble pot

00:40:31

bellies

00:40:32

each one has an enormous phallus

00:40:35

as for the women

00:40:37

they're very beautiful very agile each

00:40:40

has got a very exquisite hairstyle

00:40:42

fronted by one of these fragrant lotus

00:40:45

blossoms and so there's this desire to

00:40:47

almost tap into the erotic these aren't

00:40:50

kind of showing women as slabs of meat

00:40:52

simply there for male pleasure not at

00:40:54

all

00:40:55

these are active women engaged in

00:40:58

acts of pleasure acts of love they're

00:41:00

using sex as a kind of form of leisure

00:41:02

of entertainment as well as doing it

00:41:05

portraying it

00:41:08

and while hathor might have offered

00:41:10

sexual inspiration her presence was

00:41:12

needed most during the dangerous time of

00:41:15

pregnancy and childbirth

00:41:18

women like merit would have looked to

00:41:20

her for protection

00:41:23

the outer precincts of the temple here

00:41:25

at deir el bakri were a focus for such

00:41:28

worship

00:41:29

this faded scene is a rare

00:41:31

representation of a pregnant woman in

00:41:33

this case the mother of the female

00:41:35

pharaoh hat shepsat

00:41:38

there she is as the unborn fetus and you

00:41:40

can just make out the gentle swelling of

00:41:42

her mother's abdomen here as the unborn

00:41:45

hot shepherd resides within the safety

00:41:47

of her mother's body

00:41:49

when the archaeologists excavated all

00:41:51

around here a century ago they found

00:41:54

such

00:41:55

amazing things as baby clothes that have

00:41:58

been specially made with an image of

00:41:59

hathor almost like a post-it note to the

00:42:02

goddess these will be left here in the

00:42:04

hope that these women could conceive

00:42:08

[Music]

00:42:12

merit had three children that we know of

00:42:15

two sons and one daughter

00:42:17

their images appear in cara merits tomb

00:42:19

chapel and on the painted boxes found in

00:42:22

their tomb

00:42:23

with infant mortality as high as 50

00:42:25

percent merit would have needed all the

00:42:28

help she could get but the villagers

00:42:30

didn't just turn to the gods

00:42:33

[Music]

00:42:35

this is the cajon papyrus it details the

00:42:38

prescriptions and spells used to tackle

00:42:40

illnesses suffered specifically by women

00:42:44

examination of a woman who is aching in

00:42:46

her rear her front and the calves of her

00:42:49

thighs

00:42:51

you should say of it it is discharges of

00:42:53

the womb and you should treat it with

00:42:55

one measure of carob fruit one measure

00:42:58

of incense pellets one unit of cow's

00:43:00

milk

00:43:01

boil cool mix together and drink on four

00:43:05

consecutive mornings

00:43:10

what they're trying to do is bring some

00:43:12

sort of order some form of understanding

00:43:16

to a host of complex medical conditions

00:43:19

and in the root cause of many of the

00:43:21

problems associated with women's

00:43:23

illnesses is apparently a wandering womb

00:43:26

because the egyptians thought that this

00:43:28

part of the female anatomy wasn't fixed

00:43:30

in situ but would kind of wander all

00:43:33

over the body

00:43:34

this bizarre condition had an equally

00:43:37

bizarre cure

00:43:39

the woman would sort of stand over

00:43:40

burning incense in the hope that the

00:43:42

rising sweet smell of the fumes would

00:43:45

encourage this wandering womb down into

00:43:48

its proper place

00:43:50

and while today this may seem rather

00:43:52

strange such a diagnosis and treatment

00:43:56

may have had some positive effect

00:43:59

certainly to the woman in labor to have

00:44:02

a medical practitioner present reading

00:44:05

out these medical prescriptions would

00:44:08

have had an almost placebo-like effect

00:44:11

and i think that's the strength of

00:44:12

documents like this used in conjunction

00:44:14

with all the amulets and all the magical

00:44:16

spells that could be brought to bear by

00:44:18

the village midwife

00:44:20

the recitation of texts like this would

00:44:22

have brought a further layer of order to

00:44:24

a very difficult and complex time in a

00:44:26

woman's life

00:44:30

alongside raising her children merit

00:44:33

would have been responsible for her home

00:44:35

she's likely to have been just as house

00:44:37

proud as you and me

00:44:40

yet far from the monochrome beige we see

00:44:43

today the world of ancient egypt was a

00:44:45

riot of colour

00:44:50

the vestiges of this can still be seen

00:44:53

if you know where to look

00:44:55

[Music]

00:45:01

when we look up at the ceilings the

00:45:03

areas which have been sheltered from

00:45:05

direct sunlight the colours are

00:45:08

absolutely superb

00:45:10

the condition the brightness the

00:45:12

vivacity the sort of leaping out of the

00:45:15

walls and ceilings right into our eyes

00:45:18

and this temple with its vibrant colour

00:45:20

was created by the later pharaoh ramses

00:45:23

iii

00:45:25

the egyptians were far from subtle in

00:45:27

their use of paint primary colours red

00:45:31

green blue all these amazing

00:45:34

vivid hues and the blues and greens are

00:45:36

particularly bright

00:45:38

this of course is more of a status

00:45:41

marker for the king who commissioned

00:45:43

such a brilliant piece of work because

00:45:46

blues and greens weren't naturally

00:45:48

occurring pigments and had to be

00:45:49

manufactured at great cost and so this

00:45:52

is a way for the monarch to say look at

00:45:54

me look at the wealth i possess

00:45:56

[Music] [Applause]

00:45:57

[Music]

00:45:59

the effort and expense involved in

00:46:01

producing such synthetic colours

00:46:03

was way beyond the reach of most

00:46:05

ordinary people

00:46:06

[Music]

00:46:10

instead they used locally sourced

00:46:12

materials ones that could literally be

00:46:14

picked up from the desert floor

00:46:17

this

00:46:18

rock in my hand is kind of like a color

00:46:21

box that brought ancient egypt to life

00:46:24

because on one side we have the red iron

00:46:26

oxide on the other the yellow iron oxide

00:46:30

and so by splitting a rock like this

00:46:32

into the component yellows and reds you

00:46:35

could crush these up mix with water and

00:46:38

then apply to the desired surface

00:46:42

[Music]

00:46:49

i think the best way to sort of try and

00:46:51

reanimate these colours is probably to

00:46:54

use that old stand by a little bit of

00:46:55

spit

00:46:56

it always works

00:46:57

with the stone

00:47:00

it's very very vivid

00:47:02

[Music]

00:47:10

you can see the effect it has against

00:47:12

white

00:47:13

so you have these two shades that for

00:47:15

the ancient egyptians

00:47:17

really did reflect

00:47:19

blood

00:47:20

life

00:47:21

vivacity and then the yellow of the

00:47:23

golden sun

00:47:26

[Music]

00:47:32

i want to see how villagers like carr

00:47:34

and merit used colour to decorate their

00:47:37

homes

00:47:39

and i'm in luck as here at the southern

00:47:41

end of the village a single precious

00:47:43

clue remains

00:47:45

here it is

00:47:48

now if i lift this cloth i'm going to see

00:47:50

something i've waited a long time to see

00:47:53

and it's basically

00:47:55

an original wall scene from an ancient

00:47:57

egyptian house so here goes

00:48:05

wow

00:48:07

it's a phenomenal piece the colors are

00:48:09

so fresh it's a glimpse into the sort of

00:48:13

world of ancient egyptian interior

00:48:15

design

00:48:18

it's the lower half of a female musician

00:48:20

and she's playing a flute

00:48:22

she's got gold bracelets gold anklers

00:48:25

but the most exciting thing are these

00:48:27

two tattoos of the household god bez so

00:48:30

evocative so warm so sumptuous in its

00:48:33

lavish use of colour and these fabulous

00:48:36

fabulous leaves

00:48:38

heart-shaped draping down the sides to

00:48:40

sort of inject some much-needed

00:48:43

vegetation greenery into this sort of

00:48:45

desert environment

00:48:48

it's an intriguing thought that here in

00:48:50

the very village where the men who built

00:48:52

and painted the royal tombs would they

00:48:55

have been commissioned by one of the

00:48:56

housewives here to come and paint my

00:48:58

house or did the women paint these

00:49:01

images for themselves

00:49:02

it's something we'll never know but i

00:49:04

like to think that the lady of the house

00:49:06

would have had a direct input into the

00:49:08

kind of scene she wanted around her she

00:49:10

went about her daily chores with the

00:49:12

kids and her friends and female

00:49:14

relatives

00:49:20

such fragments from the past allow us to

00:49:22

get closer to the real car and merit

00:49:27

in the case of merit she seems to have

00:49:29

been a loving wife and hard-working

00:49:31

mother

00:49:32

a delicate and beautiful woman the

00:49:35

epitome of taste and style

00:49:39

but sadly this is where merit's story

00:49:41

ends the evidence suggesting she died

00:49:44

quite suddenly to leave her beloved car

00:49:47

as a grieving widower

00:49:48

[Music]

00:49:50

he even had to bury her in a coffin

00:49:52

intended for him for not only is it far

00:49:55

too large for merit the inscriptions

00:49:58

name only car

00:50:00

[Music]

00:50:03

yet merit was immortalized in the tomb

00:50:06

chapel she shared with carr located just

00:50:08

yards from their village

00:50:11

and this is where carr and their

00:50:13

children would have come to bring

00:50:14

regular offerings and to pay their

00:50:16

respects

00:50:25

[Music]

00:50:33

[Music]

00:50:46

it's such a privileged glimpse

00:50:49

into their everyday life we're amongst

00:50:51

their family here and that's what this

00:50:53

whole

00:50:54

tomb chapel chamber

00:50:56

has all around it this this feeling of

00:50:58

family of closeness of warmth of love

00:51:02

[Music]

00:51:06

what's interesting here

00:51:08

is that karen merritt has shown it

00:51:10

several times

00:51:12

and yet the one constant child that's

00:51:14

with them is their daughter merit named

00:51:17

after her mother

00:51:18

and this is merit the mother here

00:51:21

and this is mary the daughter behind her

00:51:25

on the other wall we have the daughter

00:51:27

merit who's leaning forward

00:51:31

towards her father car

00:51:33

and she appears to be

00:51:35

tying a necklace around his neck or

00:51:37

perhaps anointing him with perfume i'd

00:51:39

like to think that it was merit the

00:51:41

daughter who cared for carr in his old

00:51:43

age

00:51:52

but what happened to carr the proud and

00:51:54

talented architect

00:51:57

[Music]

00:52:02

these elegant walking sticks may suggest

00:52:05

he lived on into old age

00:52:08

continuing to oversee the most important

00:52:10

commission of his life

00:52:12

so i've come back to this remote part of

00:52:14

the valley of the kings to find the

00:52:16

final resting place of amanotep iii

00:52:21

it was actually the third of the royal

00:52:23

tombs that carr worked on so it's so

00:52:26

exciting to be going in here and

00:52:28

following in carr's wonderful footsteps

00:52:31

[Music]

00:52:36

my enthusiasm is well founded because

00:52:39

the tomb currently under restoration has

00:52:42

been closed for decades

00:52:45

hardly anyone gets to see this

00:52:48

[Music]

00:53:06

[Music]

00:53:13

this isn't very professional is it

00:53:17

so beautiful

00:53:19

it literally has brought tears to my

00:53:21

eyes it is so stunning the colors are

00:53:24

fantastic

00:53:26

it's exquisite it's amino tepe the third

00:53:28

being received into the care of the gods

00:53:31

of the underworld

00:53:32

and there's a new best handing out the

00:53:34

sign of life to amanotep

00:53:38

i think

00:53:39

car and his men designing these images

00:53:43

just putting the king's vision into

00:53:45

practice and and just

00:53:50

literally taking my breath away

00:53:53

look the artist doesn't just come along

00:53:55

with his blue paint and the palette and

00:53:57

brushed on the paint

00:53:59

somebody's taking the trouble to apply

00:54:01

individual curls of hair here can you

00:54:03

see the texture the curls here

00:54:06

that's textured hair

00:54:09

and they're also amanotep with osiris

00:54:12

green-faced god of vegetation new life

00:54:16

and resurrection

00:54:18

and that's really what this tomb does

00:54:20

it's a time machine it's it's the place

00:54:22

where ammunite the third mummy would

00:54:25

have finally been led to rest

00:54:29

you can clearly see that no expense was

00:54:31

spared and for good reason

00:54:34

for this is where the pharaoh then

00:54:37

revered as a god would dwell in the

00:54:39

afterlife

00:54:40

his next seat of power

00:54:44

oh and down we go deeper and deeper into

00:54:47

the underworld

00:54:49

wow

00:54:50

it really does evoke this sense of going

00:54:52

down into the subterranean underworld

00:54:54

into the blackness into the darkness

00:54:57

into eternity

00:55:01

this elaborate network of chambers and

00:55:03

stairways was designed to protect the

00:55:06

royal mummy and all the glittering

00:55:08

treasures which once surrounded it

00:55:16

now look at this very clever trick of

00:55:18

the architect our boy carr look at this

00:55:21

can you see the way the images were once

00:55:24

all along this wall just

00:55:26

the whole way around images of the king

00:55:28

and the gods and yet originally this

00:55:31

would have been

00:55:32

packed with mud break probably plastered

00:55:35

over the images drawn and painted over

00:55:38

it so that any will be tomb rubbers

00:55:41

would come down here think oh this is it

00:55:43

nothing much in here and hopefully leave

00:55:46

by the way they came in because this is

00:55:49

actually

00:55:50

the next stage of the tomb so it's kind

00:55:52

of like a hidden portal

00:55:55

this is the burial chamber the most

00:55:57

important part of the tomb

00:55:59

and there it

00:56:00

is the final resting place of one of

00:56:04

egypt's greatest pharaohs

00:56:07

a man considered a god

00:56:09

both in life and in death

00:56:12

how do you bury a god

00:56:14

well obviously surrounded dripping in

00:56:17

gold

00:56:18

semi-precious stones and the most

00:56:20

beautiful funerary items

00:56:24

all of which would have been

00:56:25

choreographed planned by carr and his

00:56:29

colleagues

00:56:30

everybody wants to take care of the king

00:56:32

within the royal mummy dwelt the soul

00:56:35

the immortal soul of egypt itself this

00:56:37

cumulative buildup of every royal

00:56:40

pharaoh who'd gone before resided within

00:56:43

the mummy who wants to lay down there

00:56:58

[Music]

00:57:00

ah wow

00:57:02

it's been 46 years waiting to see this

00:57:04

two minutes it's been well worth

00:57:10

it although we can now appreciate his

00:57:13

consummate workmanship it seems carr

00:57:16

himself never saw the finnish tomb for

00:57:19

he died before his king

00:57:23

[Music]

00:57:24

but like his king car's own body was

00:57:27

prepared for its eternal journey into

00:57:29

the afterlife before he too was buried

00:57:41

since this journey has given us a chance

00:57:43

to get that little bit closer to cara

00:57:45

and merit

00:57:46

i think we could almost call them

00:57:48

friends

00:57:51

their worries and concerns are not

00:57:53

unlike our own

00:57:55

hard work

00:57:56

family

00:57:58

and above all

00:57:59

love

00:58:01

yet this is only the beginning of their

00:58:03

story what comes next is a journey into

00:58:06

a world very different from our own

00:58:09

a world of ritual of magic

00:58:11

and the unswerving belief that life

00:58:14

really can go on forever

00:58:17

and here we have carr's name

00:58:19

right down the middle and to speak the

00:58:22

name of the dead is to make them live

00:58:23

again car and merit

00:58:25

[Music]

00:58:27

so join me next time as we travel deep

00:58:30

into the heart of the egyptian afterlife

00:58:33

it's an extraordinary journey on which

00:58:36

we uncover car and merrick's costly

00:58:38

preparations for death

00:58:40

all played out in a series of complex

00:58:43

and elaborate rituals

00:58:45

as they attempt to achieve their place

00:58:49

in eternity

00:58:51

[Music]

00:59:06

you

Description:

Egyptologist, Dr Joann Fletcher investigates what everyday life was like in ancient Egypt for an ordinary person.Joann explores how the people of Egypt lived by exploring their tombs, touring museums as well as uncovering their beliefs in the afterlife. It's like Netflix for history... Sign up to History Hit, the world's best history documentary service and get 50% off using the code 'TIMELINE' https://access.historyhit.com/ You can find more from us on: https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser This channel is part of the History Hit Network. Any queries, please contact [email protected]

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