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Table of contents

0:00
Запуск «Евклида»
0:50
Кадры запуска
2:08
О телескопе
3:00
Спектр Евклида
4:00
Обзор всех галактик
5:25
распределение темной энергии
6:10
ограничение обзора
9:45
История развития галактик
12:10
Доп.задача телескопа
12:40
Релизы данных
13:55
Бонус
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научпоп
космос
астрономия
астрофизика
темная энергия
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галактика
карта вселенной
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звезды
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обсерватория
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  • ruRussian
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00:00:00
major events in our science took place
00:00:03
and a space telescope was launched in astronautics
00:00:07
and in Clint
00:00:09
[music]
00:00:14
Hello
00:00:16
Kirillastnikov Pulkovo astronomer
00:00:18
presenter of the popular science channel smoke
00:00:21
Congratulations to everyone on the successful launch of a
00:00:24
new space telescope on July 1
00:00:29
Cape Canaveral United States
00:00:33
using an iPhone 9 rocket Ilona mask Although
00:00:37
initially it was assumed that
00:00:39
the launch vehicle would be the Russian Union, a
00:00:42
well-known event prevented this from being launched, a
00:00:46
new space telescope was launched by
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its owner, the European Space
00:01:06
Agency. Although the launch took place from the
00:01:08
United States, the scientific mission
00:01:12
is carried out by a
00:01:13
grandiose consortium, which includes
00:01:17
16 countries, about 100 scientific institutes,
00:01:22
laboratories of approximately
00:01:25
1,200 scientists,
00:01:27
this is being carried out absolutely
00:01:31
incredible scale of the mission, now
00:01:35
a few words about what it
00:01:39
will actually do. What is the task of this
00:01:42
space telescope, let's
00:01:53
start with the technical data from some
00:01:57
side. It would seem that this is a rather
00:01:58
modest instrument, we know that the
00:02:02
three-meter Hubble telescope is currently flying, the 6.5-
00:02:05
meter James web this telescope’s
00:02:08
main mirror is only a meter
00:02:10
twenty centimeters, that is,
00:02:12
it is relatively modest in size, it does not have
00:02:15
any components that
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bloom like an umbrella, as it was,
00:02:20
it launches a single two-ton
00:02:23
structure, by the way, it also flies to the point
00:02:29
Guy’s mission and the Russian gamma mission
00:02:35
fly will be there for a whole month
00:02:55
in total. Again, it must be said that
00:02:58
the spectral band in which
00:03:01
this telescope will receive radiation is
00:03:03
also shifted to the infrared side, like the
00:03:06
James Swap, this telescope does not see
00:03:08
anything, pigeons or green light. But it
00:03:10
reaches a wavelength of three Microns in the
00:03:13
near-infrared region,
00:03:15
the resolution is approximately 1/10 of an arc second
00:03:19
it has a Wide field of approximately 0.56
00:03:24
degrees That is, a field like the disk of the Moon
00:03:27
the disk of the Moon is just about half a
00:03:30
degree now the most important
00:03:34
thing What is the point What is special about this
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mission
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while the telescope is a woman
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They are open to there are a
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large number of problems, there is a
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special commission that selects
00:03:53
tasks for these telescopes, there are different
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objects, different tasks of
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all the galaxies that are visible to us around
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our own Galaxy at a
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distance of up to about 10 billion light
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years, that is, the goal of this telescope is
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to build a three-dimensional map of the Universe at a
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distance of up to 10 billion light years An
00:04:39
absolutely fantastic task in terms of volume.
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This is approximately 10 billion objects. This is
00:04:44
a look through time into the depth of the development of
00:04:48
the Universe at approximately 60% of its current
00:04:52
age. This is all very similar to what the
00:04:55
famous Gaia mission does on a temple scale;
00:04:58
it has been doing this for 10 years; it has
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already built a three-dimensional map of the stars.
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surrounding the solar system has built a
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three-dimensional diagram of a huge piece of our
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own Galaxy
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will
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now build in more detail why this is
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being done What scientific problems will be
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solved 1 We want to find out the
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distribution of dark energy on large
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scales in the Universe That is, you know
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that the Universe
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is expanding with acceleration, this is a
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relatively recently established fact,
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but we don’t know exactly how this
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acceleration is distributed throughout the entire volume
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of the Universe, we know that it didn’t start from
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the very beginning, not with the big bang, it
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started about 6 billion years ago. And
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one of the tasks of this mission is to find out
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how the acceleration is distributed among different
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parts sky in different parts of the Universe,
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unfortunately,
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due to dust absorption in our
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Galaxy, this telescope will not be able to
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observe
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the Universe in the entire sphere,
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areas that are in the plane of
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the Galaxy where Dust does not allow you
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to look any far will be
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closed, and areas
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coinciding with the plane of the Solar
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system will be closed where there is also a lot of dust, where it is also
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difficult to look far, so
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approximately 30 percent of 1/3 of the
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entire sky visible to us will be accessible, but you must agree that
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this is also a lot of
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third sky, a third of the entire Universe is
00:06:45
also a huge number of objects, so
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in this third Universe we will
00:06:49
know how it is distributed
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dark energy
00:06:54
over time we will be able to see the
00:07:04
mechanism itself; the
00:07:14
second most important question is by studying the
00:07:17
distribution of galaxies across the sky. By studying
00:07:20
the shape of the galaxies themselves we will be able to determine on a large
00:07:24
scale the distribution of
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dark matter across the sky; this is a very interesting
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question. It would seem how one can find out its
00:07:34
distribution across the sky if it is
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not initially dark interacts with
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radiation does not absorb it does not
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release anything as in principle you can say
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distribution The fact is that we know
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that gravitating masses lyse the light of
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luminous objects behind them
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on a large scale we often see this
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as
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gravitational lenses around individual
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objects this is the so-called Einstein ring
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when
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some nearby massive body accidentally coincides in the sky and
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right behind it there is a distant Quasar, the
00:08:11
nearest body acts like a lens,
00:08:14
plays the radiation coming from behind it and
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shows us in the form of a ring, this is how you
00:08:20
now see on your screens, but the
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scattered mass is also so dark matter
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leads to such ironing only in a
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statistical sense, these are the so-called
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weak microrents, how can this be
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imagined, let’s assume that we
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see a field of galaxies without any dark
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matter there The galaxy is scattered more
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or less chaotic if Now we
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place between this field the galaxy and
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our telescope this here is a screen of
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invisible dark matter that will
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bend the rays of light and how do you
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lead them, we will have deformations,
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we will have a curvature of chaotic
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scattered galaxies, certain lines
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around which they will group
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and we Analyzing the properties of this
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geometric field we can ah calculate the
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distribution of gravitating oils
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leads to such distortions of the position and
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shape of galaxies. It is on this principle, on the
00:09:20
principle of weak mechanization, that
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Euplitus will work; he will
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draw up such maps of mechanization over vast areas of the sky
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and translate them into the
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distribution of invisible dark matter, a
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task that has only been
00:09:38
attempted so far and in such
00:09:39
scale I have never decided for this It
00:09:42
took this launch of the
00:09:45
third most important task the history of
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the development of galaxies
00:09:51
looking deep into the Universe for 10 billion
00:09:54
years
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we see thus simultaneously
00:09:58
a galaxy of different ages 12 billion
00:10:02
years 8 billion years 6 we see
00:10:06
Galaxies that send us light from
00:10:10
being at different stage of its development
00:10:12
and now seeing All these time layers
00:10:16
at the same time We will be able to compare the shape of
00:10:19
galaxies
00:10:37
Looking at the distribution of large masses of
00:10:41
galaxies across the sky we will be able to clarify
00:10:45
what is called the large-scale
00:10:46
structure of the Universe, you probably know
00:10:49
that Galaxies are not chaotic scattered
00:10:51
in space, they form certain filaments of
00:10:55
what is called cosmic web of a
00:10:58
huge scale and this uneven
00:11:01
distribution is a consequence of the
00:11:03
initial sound healings in the
00:11:06
early Universe. When there were no
00:11:09
stars or galaxies or clouds of dark
00:11:12
matter, when the entire Galaxy, the entire
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universe was such a
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soup of protons, neutrons and electrons,
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we see a change in density in this
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initial of the universe according to the
00:11:24
distribution of acoustic installations in the cosmic microwave
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background radiation, and the
00:11:31
uneven densities of those already
00:11:34
formed
00:11:38
must somehow be consistent with these
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primary inhomogeneous densities in the
00:11:43
original mass from
00:11:45
which everything was formed; this is also a
00:11:48
completely unique task, which is
00:11:50
set for the first time on such a scale; it
00:11:53
must also solve the ship Euclidean and
00:11:56
finally such a buy-product is the Fifth
00:11:58
task, but it is not posed as a
00:12:00
special one for Euclidean, but simply We
00:12:04
hope that we will receive this
00:12:06
information for food with the main one being the
00:12:09
ability to follow in a very detailed
00:12:12
scale the stars of galaxies close to us,
00:12:15
the ability to register
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those appearing on in the sky for a very short
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time and soon disappearing, these are
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supernova explosions in galaxies, these are gamma-ray
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bursts, these are even asteroids that
00:12:31
unexpectedly appear in the field
00:12:34
from somewhere and sometimes dangerous
00:12:37
on Earth, this will all also be
00:12:39
recorded by Euclidean. As a result, we
00:12:42
will get at least Such a plan Three
00:12:46
large data releases The first of the data
00:12:49
should be released in about a year and a half.
00:12:51
That is, by the end of 25 we are expecting the
00:12:54
first set of data from this mission and then
00:12:58
there will be two more releases. As I already said, the
00:13:00
entire mission is designed for 6 years and, if
00:13:02
you’re lucky, a little more if
00:13:04
the equipment holds up and is enough fuel
00:13:07
total volume of data is approximately 10 petabytes of
00:13:11
information absolutely fantastic some
00:13:14
amount of information that will be available for
00:13:16
many years, of course, after the end of
00:13:19
the mission it will still be processed
00:13:23
such grandiose prospects are opened by
00:13:25
the launch of this mission I hope not yet
00:13:28
One day we will meet with you here
00:13:30
discussing
00:13:32
But sooner than a year in two
00:13:47
Subscribe to our channel
00:13:52
bonus for those who watched to the end
00:13:56
loyal viewers husband thought that we were
00:13:58
going into some forests to
00:14:01
film our videos No we
00:14:03
are still in the Pulkovo Observatory this is the
00:14:06
Western slope of Pulkovo There
00:14:10
was once even a ski lift here
00:14:12
This kind of worship cross was installed,
00:14:15
it was installed on the initiative of our
00:14:18
former even before the previous director
00:14:22
Viktor Kuzmich about abalakin this was in
00:14:23
the nineties and the cross symbolizes,
00:14:26
as it were, the
00:14:28
memory of all the victims of the dramatic
00:14:32
history of our country,
00:14:34
regardless of
00:14:36
how they died under what conditions they died
00:14:39
this and the war and Stalin's
00:14:43
other adventures which As you
00:14:46
probably know,
00:14:50
the history of other countries, here is a cross in memory of all of
00:14:53
them.
00:14:57
Well, in general, there is a
00:15:00
beautiful view from here
00:15:12
[music]

Description:

Европейское космическое агенство запустило новую космическую обсерваторию «Евклид». Запуск состоялся 1 июля 2023 года на ракете Falcon 9 от SpaceX. «Евклид» вместе с «Хабблом» и «Джеймсом Уэббом» будет наблюдать за небом из точки Лагранжа L2 в 1,5 миллионах километров от Земли. За 6 лет аппарат построит трехмерную карту Вселенной, охватывающую два миллиарда галактик. 00:00 Запуск «Евклида» 00:50 Кадры запуска 02:08 О телескопе 03:00 Спектр Евклида 04:00 Обзор всех галактик 05:25 распределение темной энергии 06:10 ограничение обзора 09:45 История развития галактик 12:10 Доп.задача телескопа 12:40 Релизы данных 13:55 Бонус Подписаться на лучший научпоп на ΥοuTube: https://www.youtube.com/user/qwrtru?sub_confirmation=1 Читать наши улётные новости ВКонтакте: http://vk.com/qwrtru Наш telegram @QWERTY_LIVE: https://t.me/QWERTY_LIVE Ищи наши сообщества и в тех соцсетях, которые нельзя называть. Поддержать канал: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCMR8RxR6J8U5QIJmUTADLAA/join Ведущий программы Кирилл Масленников. При поддержке студии интернет-маркетинга Mevix. Контакт для связи: [email protected] Музыка: IngvarKnot

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