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Russian
00:00:09
I welcome you, dear viewers and00:00:11
subscribers at the microphone,00:00:13
lonely cops, the new00:00:17
year 2020 is coming soon, everyone is preparing for the holiday,00:00:20
buying gifts, decorating the Christmas tree,00:00:23
and now let’s remember what kind of holiday this is in00:00:27
the context of history, how00:00:31
our ancestors celebrated it, enjoy watching,00:00:34
starting with the onset of the new year on the night of00:00:38
December 31st On January 1, 1699,00:00:44
Peter the First led here is an00:00:45
excerpt from his order hair Moldova00:00:50
Serbs gave morbid Bulgarians and his00:00:55
greatest sovereign subjects Cherkassy00:00:58
and all the Greeks from whom our00:01:01
Orthodox faith was accepted all these peoples,00:01:04
according to their summer, deduct from the00:01:07
birth of Christ the eighth day after00:01:11
that January with on the first day they are from the00:01:16
creation of the world for much discord and00:01:20
combination in those years00:01:23
of the name from the birth of Christ to Holly00:01:28
1699 and next January from the first day there00:01:33
will be a new00:01:35
year 1700 cube and a new centenary century and00:01:40
for that good and useful deed he indicated00:01:44
henceforth the summer to be included in orders and in00:01:47
all matters and fortresses to write from00:01:50
this January from the first day of the00:01:54
birth of Christ00:01:56
1700 code the decree was long and very00:02:01
detailed it stipulated that everyone00:02:04
should decorate their houses with00:02:07
spruce pine and juniper branches these days and not00:02:12
remove decorations until January 7 by00:02:15
noble and just wealthy citizens00:02:18
were ordered to fire cannons in their yards at midnight,00:02:23
shoot the air from guns, muskets, and a00:02:27
grandiose fireworks display was arranged on Red Square00:02:30
in the streets; the emperor00:02:34
ordered bonfires to be burned from firewood,00:02:36
brushwood and resin, and to keep the fire going00:02:40
throughout the holiday week in00:02:44
1700, almost all European countries have00:02:47
already switched to the Gregorian calendar,00:02:50
so Russia began to celebrate the New00:02:53
Year 11 days later than Europe before,00:02:58
according to historical chronicles, there was complete confusion with the date of00:03:02
celebration of the main winter holiday, the00:03:05
ancient Slavs of the00:03:09
land of Parts and began to work in the fields00:03:12
after winter, from the first of March this was the00:03:15
day they considered the beginning of the new00:03:18
year, according to other sources,00:03:21
it was celebrated on March 22, on the day of the vernal00:03:25
equinox,00:03:27
for many pagan ancestors who considered the00:03:30
evil frosty grandfather as their deity,00:03:33
cod for the new year began in December00:03:37
at the winter solstice, the00:03:39
shortest day of the year and one of the00:03:43
coldest00:03:44
until winter eve of the New Year,00:03:49
Russia celebrated Basil's Day in the 4th century,00:03:54
Archbishop Basil of Caesarea00:03:57
was revered as a great theologian, and in Russia they00:04:02
began to call him00:04:03
Vasily from the guilty nickname, without having anything bad under it00:04:08
for the New Year, it was customary to prepare00:04:13
many dishes from pork, it was believed that thanks to00:04:16
this, Basil, the patron saint of pigs, would00:04:20
certainly improve the livestock of these00:04:22
important farm animals, so they00:04:26
treated guests who went home to pork00:04:29
pies with00:04:31
boiled pork legs, and in order to get a00:04:35
good harvest, they performed the obsego rite00:04:39
and poured spring wheat around the house, read a00:04:43
special prayer, and then the hostess00:04:46
collected the grains and stored them until spring00:04:50
in 988 year after the introduction of00:04:56
Christianity in Russia by Prince Vladimir, the00:04:59
Byzantine calendar came, the00:05:02
celebration of the new year was moved00:05:05
to September 1,00:05:07
when the harvest was harvested, the work00:05:11
was completed, a new life cycle could begin,00:05:15
and for quite a long time00:05:18
there were two parallel holidays, the old one in00:05:21
spring and the new one in autumn,00:05:25
disagreements continued until the 15th century00:05:29
then, by decree of Tsar Ivan the Third, the00:05:32
official date for celebrating the New00:05:34
Year in Russia became September 1 for both the00:05:38
church and the worldly people, and this was the case until00:05:42
December 20, 1700, when Peter the First00:05:48
signed his decree, the00:05:50
young tsar introduced European customs00:05:53
so that on January 1, 1700, at his command the00:05:58
houses were decorated with pine,00:06:00
spruce and juniper branches, samples00:06:05
displayed in the Gostiny Dvor,00:06:08
as they had done in Holland since ancient times,00:06:12
celebrated a new holiday, as they say, to the00:06:15
fullest, Christmas continued00:06:18
until January 6 and ended with a procession of the00:06:22
cross to Jordan, contrary to the ancient00:06:25
custom,00:06:26
Peter the First did not follow the clergy to00:06:29
rich vestments and stood on the banks of the00:06:32
Moscow River in a uniform, surrounded by the00:06:34
Preobrazhensky and Smolensk regiments00:06:37
dressed in green caftans and camisoles with00:06:41
gold buttons,00:06:42
since then the celebration of the New Year was00:06:46
carried out constantly from Germany at home, the00:06:49
custom came to decorate Christmas trees in00:06:52
houses with toys, and by the twentieth century it appeared in Russia00:06:55
New Year's wizard Santa Claus,00:06:58
the prototype of which is considered to be00:07:01
several characters at once: the00:07:04
pagan sorcerer cod on St. Nicholas, the00:07:07
German wizard00:07:11
Old Ruprecht00:07:13
and the fabulous Russian character Morozko,00:07:16
but the old New Year in Russia was first00:07:19
celebrated on January 14, 1919 in 1918,00:07:27
by decision of the Council of People's Commissars it00:07:30
was approved the decree on the introduction of the00:07:36
Western European calendar by the Russian republic00:07:39
was due to the fact that European countries had00:07:42
long lived according to the Gregorian calendar,00:07:45
named after Pope00:07:48
Gregory the Thirteenth, and Russia according to the00:07:51
Julian calendar00:07:53
in the name of Julius Caesar, since then the Russian00:07:57
people00:07:58
have established the custom of celebrating the old00:08:01
New Year00:08:02
on the night from January 13 to January 14 and thereby00:08:06
celebrates the favorite winter holiday once again00:08:11
at dawn on January 14,00:08:14
young guys walked along today with grain godparents to00:08:17
close relatives and acquaintances00:08:21
about folk beliefs00:08:24
on the old New Year, the men had to be the first to enter the house, it was00:08:29
believed that this would bring happiness to the house00:08:32
on all next year, the herders00:08:36
congratulated everyone on the New Year and wished them00:08:38
wealth and abundance with00:08:41
special greetings and fairy tales; in return,00:08:44
the owners presented them with pies, candies00:08:47
and other sweets. It was believed that00:08:51
money should not be given to the shepherds; with it you00:08:53
can give away well-being in the house00:08:56
in some villages it is still00:08:59
preserved such a ritual on the night before the old00:09:02
New Year,00:09:03
they burn their old clothes and immediately00:09:06
put on new ones; this symbolizes the beginning of a00:09:10
new, better life.00:09:28
in the morning of January 14, you need to take an ax and00:09:33
lightly tap it on the navel, a couple of people00:09:35
saying life, health, bread, the Nativity of00:09:40
Christ dates back to the very baptism of00:09:43
Russia by Prince Vladimir in the year nine hundred and00:09:47
eighty-eight, from time immemorial,00:09:50
Christmas was considered a holiday of00:09:52
mercy and kindness,00:09:54
calling on us to take care of the weak and00:09:57
needy00:09:59
holidays starting on January 7 according to the00:10:03
Gregorian calendar, in Russian cities,00:10:06
charity auctions00:10:08
and balls were00:10:10
organized, festive tables with00:10:13
pretzel pies and a decanter of my with00:10:16
bitters were00:10:17
organized for the poor people, gifts were given to the00:10:21
sick and orphans, and on frosty winter00:10:23
days00:10:24
from Christmas to baptism, called00:10:28
Christmastide, festive meals00:10:31
alternated with wild fun and00:10:34
organized skiing from the mountains on sleighs and00:10:36
ice boats00:10:37
games from the book fist fights carols00:10:42
the name of this and ancient Russian fun00:10:45
comes from the name of the pagan god of00:10:48
feasts and peace00:10:50
holiday in ancient Russia both00:10:54
young people and old people loved to convey in the evenings they00:10:58
dressed in animal skins or funny00:11:01
outfits the crowd went home for00:11:05
treats and money the most the stingy00:11:08
owners tried to get rid of the00:11:11
intrusive visitors with a pair of bagels or00:11:14
confits,00:11:15
for which they received from the asters of the tongue-in-cheek00:11:18
merry fellows not good wishes for the New00:11:22
Year, to get00:11:23
devils into the yard and worms into the garden,00:11:26
or to harvest a wheat crop completely00:11:30
with empty ears,00:11:32
and in order for the guests to take away the terrible words,00:11:36
they had to be generously given00:11:40
Christmas days on the city streets you00:11:43
could see trained bears00:11:46
who walked on their hind legs, played the00:11:49
harp and danced, and after the performance they walked00:11:53
around the audience with a hat00:11:56
and stood for a long time near those who stinted00:12:00
on a well-deserved reward; on00:12:04
these days, Christmas fortune-telling occupied a special place, as00:12:08
girls do now dreamed of getting an00:12:11
enviable groom,00:12:13
I want a handsome betrothed, sandy dandy00:12:18
curls, long boots, high morocco00:12:22
shirt, red sash, golden,00:12:25
they talked about an old conspiracy, and also00:12:29
wondered about the betrothed, spreading00:12:32
wheat grains on the floor by the stove, bringing a black rooster into the house,00:12:37
it was believed that if the cockerel spread all the00:12:40
grains, too, for sure will soon00:12:43
appear, and if the things and the bird00:12:47
refuses in disgust, then you00:12:52
shouldn’t expect a betrothed this year; fortune telling with wax was00:12:54
used;00:12:57
melted wax00:13:00
was poured into a bowl with water and then they00:13:03
looked at the resulting figures;00:13:06
if a heart was visible, it was considered a00:13:09
sign of future cupid affairs; for us, the affairs of the00:13:13
villa meant quarrels a medallion of wealth00:13:18
and a bagel of lack of money the00:13:21
main dishes on the Christmas table00:13:23
in Russia were pork delicacies00:13:27
for a roasted pig a stuffed00:13:30
pig's head00:13:31
fried meat in pieces jellied jellied meat00:13:35
in addition to pork dishes00:13:38
other poultry and game dishes were served on the festive table00:13:41
lamb and fish finely chopped00:13:45
meat was boiled in pots together with00:13:48
traditional semi-fatty porridge,00:13:50
also traditional treats were00:13:54
cheesecakes, rolls, pies, koloboks, kulebyaki, the00:13:58
choice of desserts was more modest, the00:14:01
Christmas table was00:14:03
usually decorated with fruits, marshmallows, gingerbread00:14:06
cookies, there was persecution of the New Year at the00:14:10
beginning of the 20th century, and Christmas00:14:13
was first banned,00:14:17
and then Santa Claus in At the end of the00:14:21
1920s, a decree was issued which said that on00:14:25
New Year's Day,00:14:27
not all religious holidays, food,00:14:29
work is carried out on a general basis,00:14:33
then January 1, 1929,00:14:38
became a regular working day for the celebration of00:14:41
Christmas and became completely outlawed00:14:44
only six years later in 1935, the course of00:14:50
domestic policy in relation to00:14:53
the holidays, the new year was changed, it was00:14:56
recognized as a secular holiday, Christmas00:14:59
was left to the church,00:15:01
separated from the state, the status of a00:15:04
day off00:15:05
was received only in 1991,00:15:09
after the collapse of the USSR,00:15:13
well, here’s a brief history of the new year,00:15:17
if you liked it, please like it, if00:15:21
you have any wishes, write in00:15:24
the comments until we meet again on airDescription:
Приказ Петра 1 о праздновании нового года 1 января 1700 года. История праздника на Руси. Как праздновали новый год в старину, обычаи и порядки. Как появился старый новый год. Языческий новый год.
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