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#природаРоссии

#nature

#природа

#ЭкологияРоссии

00:00:06

For 5 months of the year, Lake Baikal

00:00:09

is covered with a meter-long layer of ice and

00:00:12

turns into an endless white desert, there

00:00:16

is no movement of animals or

00:00:19

birds, it seems that everything has fallen asleep for the

00:00:25

time being, but what are these footprints on the white

00:00:33

snow?

00:00:35

They are not at all similar to the paw prints of

00:00:37

ordinary forest animals. animals,

00:00:40

and where do forest dwellers come from here, far from the shores,

00:00:45

who is this mysterious Baikal

00:00:48

animal? It’s a Belyov

00:00:56

baby Baikal seal or ringed seal,

00:01:01

waddling heavily from side to side, he’s

00:01:04

in a hurry somewhere about his seal business,

00:01:06

and it looks like his trip is over, a fresh

00:01:14

wormwood, indisputable proof the

00:01:17

coming spring has blocked his path,

00:01:19

this is the purpose of the journey, having gathered his

00:01:24

last strength, the cub rushes to the

00:01:27

blackening hole in the middle of the ice field,

00:01:31

a few more awkward movements and

00:01:36

only circles on the water remind of this

00:01:39

amazing confusion,

00:01:43

this nir penk is lucky, almost

00:01:46

always such trips lead the cubs

00:01:49

to death,

00:01:50

so where do they go? he crawls and searches in the

00:01:54

frozen expanses of the

00:01:55

sea lake

00:02:10

in late February early March, winter reigns on Baikal, the

00:02:16

ice shell is covered with a thick layer of

00:02:19

snow,

00:02:20

nothing says that there, under this

00:02:23

cold blanket, perhaps

00:02:25

the most amazing event in the life of the

00:02:27

great lake is happening in a hidden snow shelter

00:02:33

appear on light Baikal seal cubs the

00:02:38

expectant mother builds such shelters

00:02:40

in the fall when the ice is still fragile

00:02:45

they resemble a snow hole with

00:02:47

the only exit water is therefore

00:02:49

not visible from the surface

00:03:00

Doctor of Biological Sciences Evgeniy Petrov

00:03:03

has been studying the Baikal seal for over 30 years

00:03:16

female Baikal seals

00:03:19

make their dens and generally breed

00:03:23

in such on the trails when the snow melts there

00:03:26

turns out to be a big one, we’ll cook a

00:03:29

gift for a house and exactly the same thing sitting there right

00:03:33

now can be turned, which

00:03:34

we just can’t find, although

00:03:36

generally speaking, Filata may well

00:03:38

have a lair here, she’s almost 100 whole, the

00:03:42

rat is still intact a rat is

00:03:44

exactly a hernia,

00:03:45

which is what it means in the everyday sense,

00:03:49

if you can see the tattoo there is water

00:03:51

there, the seal lives there, the seal occupies an area of

00:03:54

about 10-15 square meters,

00:03:58

this area is occupied by the female by force,

00:04:01

no one lives here as soon as

00:04:04

the sun warms up like a human

00:04:06

this rat literally doesn’t have

00:04:07

a few square meters, it’s all

00:04:09

going to fall through, there will be water, it’s

00:04:12

just water, well, this is the house

00:04:15

of the Baikal seal, so she lives, in

00:04:18

fact, it’s a nice big apartment, and it’s

00:04:20

not a one-room apartment, as they say,

00:04:22

because the puppy is also made for himself

00:04:26

special premises for which

00:04:29

only he and these passages can be used, there can be

00:04:33

almost 100 tens of meters and this is his

00:04:36

home,

00:04:39

not a child spends almost two months under the

00:04:42

snow, hidden not only from prying

00:04:44

eyes but also from the harsh Siberian frosts and

00:04:47

chilly Baikal winds

00:04:53

all this time about He is tirelessly cared for by his

00:04:56

mother, who feeds him delicious and very high-

00:04:58

calorie milk,

00:05:00

enduring that they grow quickly and within a month

00:05:04

they double or even triple their weight.

00:05:17

April has come

00:05:19

with his arrival on Lake Baikal,

00:05:23

real spring begins.

00:05:27

The days become longer and the bright spring

00:05:30

sun gets to work.

00:05:34

The temperature rises and snow.

00:05:37

melts on the Baikal ice, unable to withstand the

00:05:42

arrival of heat, the cozy seals at home

00:05:45

begin to quickly collapse

00:05:52

for nir pink, the

00:05:53

disappearance of the lair means

00:05:55

the disappearance of his familiar world, he is

00:05:59

very attached to the place of birth and will

00:06:01

remain nearby for about another month,

00:06:04

according to his colleagues, he will not completely melt, the cub

00:06:07

has grown noticeably and is no longer squeezing in in the

00:06:10

corridor dug in winter and like any

00:06:13

child, he cannot sit still; such

00:06:17

activity brings great benefits;

00:06:19

constant crawling in a dilapidated

00:06:22

den helps get rid of white

00:06:24

baby hair. At first, pikes are

00:06:28

reluctant to go into the water, preferring to

00:06:31

stay on the ice,

00:06:32

although from birth they are comfortable and swim and dive

00:06:39

beautiful white fur perfectly saves from the

00:06:42

cold in the air,

00:06:43

but they still don’t have enough protection from the icy water of the subcutaneous

00:06:46

fat layer at

00:06:48

home;

00:07:11

how it depends, but for now he

00:07:13

often emerges to breathe and

00:07:15

rest, the cub can hold his

00:07:20

breath for several minutes, but it is still

00:07:23

calmer when there is a life-saving

00:07:25

source of air nearby,

00:07:30

exploring the remains of his rapidly

00:07:32

collapsing home, he learns

00:07:35

to navigate under water,

00:07:44

every day the foray becomes

00:07:47

longer

00:07:48

and the world kicks into the dive deeper and deeper

00:07:50

as his

00:07:52

confidence in his abilities grows,

00:07:54

so imperceptibly for himself he develops

00:07:57

the ability to dive and swim, this skill is the most

00:08:01

important thing in his life, it will be useful to him more than once, but

00:08:03

now it’s time to return

00:08:09

to the surface to the sun and warmth

00:08:26

as it should be after water procedures,

00:08:28

you should take a sunbath,

00:08:34

not counting feeding, this is a favorite pastime of

00:08:37

seals from the cubs are able to spend

00:08:41

hours undead in the sun's rays,

00:08:45

besides the undoubted pleasure, this is

00:08:48

very useful, the bright sun has a beneficial

00:08:51

effect on the molting process,

00:08:53

the world is fifth, there is no need to waste time

00:08:56

searching for food or hiding from predators,

00:08:58

it seems their life flows calmly and

00:09:01

carefree, although this does not always happen,

00:09:23

well, the Baikal seal

00:09:25

actually has no enemies, of course, but

00:09:29

strangely enough, we see a

00:09:31

dead puppy lying there, most likely it was

00:09:36

pecked by crows, crows, by and

00:09:39

large, as apart from humans, the most

00:09:41

important enemy, according to accounts, can add in

00:09:45

general, in one case, if he does not

00:09:47

have time to escape

00:09:49

anywhere, apparently he simply

00:09:52

ended up here by accident, if we look

00:09:54

around, there are no holes anywhere,

00:09:57

no one, he crawled out, lost his

00:10:00

from Iraq, bang bang, and in the end, they

00:10:04

usually pecked him This is how they pour out completely

00:10:06

newborn puppies, this is already more or less

00:10:08

enormous, well, a newborn puppy is

00:10:10

about two times less than 45

00:10:12

kilograms in general, the mortality rate is such a

00:10:16

natural mortality rate, in general it’s

00:10:19

small, about 5 percent maxim, well,

00:10:22

this life has not gone anywhere, and but

00:10:28

crow’s beaks are not the only danger for a

00:10:30

homeless cub it will be

00:10:31

hard to

00:11:28

engage in

00:11:30

courtship and pick up mates for our

00:11:43

hero, it is impossible to recognize during this time he

00:11:46

has turned into a beautiful healthy

00:11:48

teenager weighing about 20 kilograms and

00:11:51

almost a meter tall,

00:11:54

he still spends most of his time

00:11:56

near the den of which there is

00:11:59

practically nothing left, the moult is

00:12:05

almost over and is replaced the white

00:12:08

hair has the hard gray fur with a metallic

00:12:11

tint of an adult animal,

00:12:13

and in infancy it resembles only a thick

00:12:19

layer of white fluff that covers the

00:12:21

destroyed lair and even the surface of the

00:12:24

water in the polynya

00:12:32

nir peonies crawls a lot in the vicinity of the

00:12:35

lair to get lost, he is not afraid spring

00:12:40

has done its job numerous captivity days

00:12:42

gullies are open and visible from a great

00:12:45

distance, the crows can no longer cope with him, he

00:12:48

can safely satisfy

00:12:52

his passion for travel, inherited from his ancestors, dive for a

00:12:57

non-spy, now it’s not a problem in the water, he

00:13:00

spends almost more time than

00:13:03

on the ice, the transparent Baikal depths

00:13:14

have become a home for him, he’s learned

00:13:31

hold his breath for

00:13:32

almost 20 minutes and the icy roof over his

00:13:35

head does not frighten him at all;

00:13:39

clumsily and slowly on land,

00:13:41

under water, the cub turns into a

00:13:43

graceful and swift animal,

00:13:47

he orients himself perfectly under the ice and he is

00:13:50

not at all in danger of losing the wormwood,

00:13:52

even plunging into a depth of

00:13:58

several tens meters, he confidently

00:14:00

finds his way back,

00:14:05

it is known that adult seals can

00:14:08

travel under the ice for many

00:14:10

kilometers,

00:14:15

but how they find gullies and crevasses

00:14:19

in the ice is a mystery,

00:14:36

but for breathing you do not always need holes

00:14:40

in the ice

00:14:43

nir pink learned a military trick

00:14:46

before diving, he exhales air,

00:14:49

this bubbles gather under on the ice,

00:14:53

returning from the depths, the puppy again breathes

00:14:56

its own air, but even without

00:15:00

this technique, the Baikal seal is one of the

00:15:02

best divers among seals; an

00:15:04

adult animal can remain under

00:15:07

water for more than an hour and dive to a

00:15:10

depth of 400 meters; in the process of

00:15:15

evolution, the seal has acquired many

00:15:17

adaptations that allow the animal to survive for so

00:15:20

long do without oxygen, however,

00:15:24

long dives are ineffective from the point

00:15:27

of view of the general energy of the body and

00:15:29

most dives rarely exceed

00:15:32

10 minutes.

00:15:37

No less surprising is the ability of the seal

00:15:40

not to freeze in water, the temperature of which in

00:15:42

Baikal, even in the hottest season, rarely

00:15:45

exceeds 10 degrees. An

00:15:49

important role here is played by

00:15:52

its subcutaneous fat the thickness of an adult animal

00:15:54

can reach 12 centimeters; all this

00:15:59

allows the seal to feel great

00:16:01

in the endless waters of Baikal;

00:16:23

for young seals, every new day

00:16:25

is like an exam; nature is a strict teacher and you do

00:16:31

n’t have to count on retaking the

00:16:37

melted den; not only is it an opportunity

00:16:40

to see the world around you; it’s also an

00:16:42

opportunity others to penetrate into the world of the

00:16:44

young seal

00:16:51

and, first of all,

00:16:54

the main predator on the planet, man, became interested in him.

00:16:59

The seal has long been an object of

00:17:01

hunting; clothing and water were made from the skins; the

00:17:05

meat was partially consumed as

00:17:07

food; and the fat served as a source of light and

00:17:10

heat;

00:17:15

great experience

00:17:17

in order to get close to the desired prey,

00:17:23

numerous cracks press and

00:17:25

block his path, he is often

00:17:34

forced to risk his equipment and

00:17:37

sometimes his life in order to get to the

00:17:39

trophy,

00:17:59

well, being on the hunting grounds is

00:18:02

only half the battle; the

00:18:07

grown-up puppy is careful and attentive;

00:18:10

getting to him

00:18:11

unnoticed is impossible; his mother no longer taught

00:18:15

him be always on alert

00:18:16

and the saving ice hole is always nearby

00:18:31

city

00:18:32

the most common method of hunting is

00:18:36

setting nets, this is a whole science, not

00:18:44

every hole in the ice is suitable for

00:18:46

this, you need to find a suitable den,

00:18:51

choose the right outlet, but in the

00:18:55

end everything is decided by hunting luck, even

00:19:00

experienced fishermen of whom there are now

00:19:03

few left on Baikal cannot

00:19:05

guarantee success one hundred percent, only

00:19:10

this animal is very cunning and careful,

00:19:12

despite its young age,

00:19:24

in half the cases it leaves another

00:19:27

place, leaving the insidious net empty;

00:19:57

if it is not easy to catch a young animal, then it is

00:20:00

simply impossible for an adult to hunt

00:20:04

adult seals;

00:20:06

small-caliber weapons were used now almost they

00:20:10

don’t hunt and Evgeniy Petrov

00:20:12

demonstrated how it was before

00:20:17

without hiding, you can approach seals resting on the ice within

00:20:19

three hundred meters. The seal is not bad at

00:20:23

seeing especially moving objects,

00:20:25

and its hearing and sense of smell are extremely

00:20:28

developed, and in order to get within shooting distance, a

00:20:32

person dressed in a camouflage suit

00:20:35

pushes in front yourself a sled with a white

00:20:38

bill, the hunter needs to use all

00:20:43

his skill to sneak up on a

00:20:45

cautious animal, most of the way

00:20:50

has to be done on his knees, any

00:20:55

awkward movement, a

00:20:56

random rustle and all in vain,

00:21:10

currently the population of the Baikal

00:21:13

seal is about 80 thousand individuals,

00:21:16

there is every reason to say that when they

00:21:19

should and protection and control over the fishery,

00:21:22

this figure will not decrease;

00:21:37

most of the Baikal seal cubs are

00:21:39

safely surviving the difficult

00:21:42

period of ice life, but the world around us

00:21:47

continues to change rapidly;

00:21:52

giant ice fields have already begun to

00:21:54

move under their pressure; three times the

00:22:02

ice shell breaks,

00:22:03

almost half a year, which has chipped the great lake with

00:22:11

wide cracks stretch for many

00:22:14

kilometers

00:22:17

for Baikal and its inhabitants, a

00:22:20

new pair begins

00:22:23

after the ice melts, not the RK heel loses

00:22:26

contact with the mother and is left alone

00:22:28

with the harsh waters of Lake Baikal

00:22:38

for adult Baikal seals summer is a

00:22:41

fertile period

00:22:47

this is the time of feeding intensive feeding

00:22:51

the seal is a 100% fish eater

00:22:53

but for the young It’s not a child who has just been married

00:22:56

to his mother to

00:22:58

catch a fish on his own; it’s a big

00:23:00

problem;

00:23:01

he has to persistently master

00:23:04

fishing skills; instinct comes to the rescue; the

00:23:07

experience of millions of generations;

00:23:09

and hunting failures are compensated by a thick

00:23:12

layer of fat

00:23:13

accumulated while feeding on milk, and

00:23:16

yet the first year of independent life

00:23:19

is not easy for the world.

00:23:21

they are constantly malnourished, almost do not grow,

00:23:24

even become smaller than people in the spring, the

00:23:28

Baikal seal is perfectly prepared

00:23:31

for living in open water,

00:23:32

it does not need to go ashore to

00:23:35

eat or sleep over the summer, the seal

00:23:39

swims hundreds of kilometers

00:23:41

without staying anywhere for long, but there is a

00:23:46

place on Baikal where seals can also be found

00:23:49

on the shore, this is a small archipelago of

00:23:52

Ushkany Islands

00:23:54

located in the very center of Baikovo,

00:23:57

only here the seals form rookeries

00:24:00

of sometimes hundreds of animals, what

00:24:06

attracts these truths and aquatic inhabitants to the

00:24:08

hard rocky shores,

00:24:12

scientists agree that

00:24:15

the seals use these places as a

00:24:17

unique sanatorium life on ice is a

00:24:22

difficult test not only for

00:24:24

newborns world 5 not all seals

00:24:28

manage to easily and calmly survive the long

00:24:30

and cold winter animals can suffer from

00:24:35

diseases wounds not finish training

00:24:38

and if it’s healthy and if you’re an animal can be

00:24:41

on the open sea for weeks then

00:24:44

how to be sick and weakened, and here,

00:24:48

far from people, boats, the animals

00:24:50

feel completely safe

00:25:05

at the seal rookery, they form

00:25:07

organized groups, as happens, for

00:25:09

example, with seals, both

00:25:16

males and females, adults and young animals,

00:25:22

rested animals go to the sea

00:25:24

to feed and new recruits swim to replace them

00:25:27

vacationers,

00:25:34

but not everything is so simple at this released

00:25:36

resort, those who have

00:25:40

sailed to the island, the animal does not immediately

00:25:43

go out onto the coastal stones,

00:25:46

swimming among the boulders,

00:25:48

the seal tries to find a free place,

00:25:52

it is not always easy, very often, all

00:25:56

suitable stones are occupied, sanatoriums, the

00:26:00

place, years, indifferent relatives are in no

00:26:04

hurry to give up theirs to the newcomers

00:26:06

heated beds, sometimes you have to fight for a place in

00:26:13

the sun; often,

00:26:17

real fights get carried away between contenders,

00:26:21

but such fights can last for a long time

00:26:24

and the animals never harm each other;

00:26:27

this is more of a psychological attack; there is

00:26:45

another way to achieve your goal; having

00:26:50

lost hope of getting out on the khan, the

00:26:53

young animal in despair will kill with its flippers

00:26:55

on the water for the animals dozing in the sun, a

00:27:01

loud splash

00:27:03

is a signal of danger

00:27:11

and the culprit of the panic finally gets

00:27:25

the opportunity to climb onto a stone bed,

00:27:36

perhaps somewhere here among his

00:27:38

relatives he is

00:27:39

resting and our hero,

00:27:42

let's hope that he will live a long

00:27:45

life as a free animal, he will learn to

00:27:49

fish and autumn will accumulate enough fat to

00:27:52

survive the winter on his own in the

00:27:55

company of someone the same age, he will dive and

00:27:57

swim under the Baikal ice and

00:27:59

perhaps he will remember his mother and a

00:28:02

cozy snowy lair

00:28:07

and this will be repeated from year to year and

00:28:09

if he is lucky

00:28:10

he will live for half a century,

00:28:23

let no one know for sure so when

00:28:27

the seal got into the lake, but if it weren’t for this

00:28:30

amazing beast,

00:28:31

Baikal would not be as

00:28:34

majestic and mysterious as we know it

Description:

Факты – упрямая вещь. Но взгляд на них не всегда может быть черно-белым. Кинокамера бесстрастно фиксирует реальность. Режиссер выстраивает из разрозненных кадров сюжет. Это – документальное кино. Кино – исследование. Кино-наблюдение. Кино – переосмысление. 🔸 Больше новостей на сайте «Экология России»: https://ecologyofrussia.ru/ 🔸 Наш телеграм-канал https://t.me/RusEcology

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* — If the video is playing in a new tab, go to it, then right-click on the video and select "Save video as..."

** — Link intended for online playback in specialized players

Questions about downloading video

How can I download "«Путь нерпенка» | Документальный фильм" video?

http://unidownloader.com/ website is the best way to download a video or a separate audio track if you want to do without installing programs and extensions.
The UDL Helper extension is a convenient button that is seamlessly integrated into YouTube, Instagram and OK.ru sites for fast content download.
UDL Client program (for Windows) is the most powerful solution that supports more than 900 websites, social networks and video hosting sites, as well as any video quality that is available in the source.
UDL Lite is a really convenient way to access a website from your mobile device. With its help, you can easily download videos directly to your smartphone.

Which format of "«Путь нерпенка» | Документальный фильм" video should I choose?

The best quality formats are FullHD (1080p), 2K (1440p), 4K (2160p) and 8K (4320p). The higher the resolution of your screen, the higher the video quality should be. However, there are other factors to consider: download speed, amount of free space, and device performance during playback.

Why does my computer freeze when loading a "«Путь нерпенка» | Документальный фильм" video?

The browser/computer should not freeze completely! If this happens, please report it with a link to the video. Sometimes videos cannot be downloaded directly in a suitable format, so we have added the ability to convert the file to the desired format. In some cases, this process may actively use computer resources.

How can I download "«Путь нерпенка» | Документальный фильм" video to my phone?

You can download a video to your smartphone using the website or the PWA application UDL Lite. It is also possible to send a download link via QR code using the UDL Helper extension.

How can I download an audio track (music) to MP3 "«Путь нерпенка» | Документальный фильм"?

The most convenient way is to use the UDL Client program, which supports converting video to MP3 format. In some cases, MP3 can also be downloaded through the UDL Helper extension.

How can I save a frame from a video "«Путь нерпенка» | Документальный фильм"?

This feature is available in the UDL Helper extension. Make sure that "Show the video snapshot button" is checked in the settings. A camera icon should appear in the lower right corner of the player to the left of the "Settings" icon. When you click on it, the current frame from the video will be saved to your computer in JPEG format.

What's the price of all this stuff?

It costs nothing. Our services are absolutely free for all users. There are no PRO subscriptions, no restrictions on the number or maximum length of downloaded videos.