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vertdider

vert_dider

vert

dider

исследования

научно-популярное

наука

научпоп

образовательный

образовательное

полезный

полезное

криптовалюта

взлом

бит

цифровая подпись

хеш-функция

хеш

хеш функция

шифрование

256 битное шифрование

265-битное шифрование

программирование

сервер

вычислительная мощность

суперкомпьютер

математика

биткоин

майнер

гугол

гугл

интегральная схема

00:00:00

here is a site with shawarma works

00:00:04

[music]

00:00:11

in my story about cryptocurrencies I

00:00:14

mentioned 2 situations when for successful

00:00:16

hacking you had to guess a

00:00:18

certain sequence of 256

00:00:21

bits in one case it was a digital

00:00:25

signature in the other a cryptographic

00:00:27

hash function,

00:00:28

let’s say you need to hack messages

00:00:31

whose hash is sha -256 represents a

00:00:35

specific set of 256 bits, there is no

00:00:39

better way than to start going through the options and

00:00:41

this will require an average of 2 to the 256th

00:00:44

power of women, so this number is so far from

00:00:48

everything we are familiar with that it is difficult for us to even

00:00:50

imagine how big it is, but we

00:00:53

will try 2 to the 256th power this is the

00:00:57

same as 2 in 32 multiplied by itself 8

00:01:01

times two in 32 is four billion which you

00:01:04

can already imagine or see in the

00:01:06

news headlines and now let's

00:01:10

feel

00:01:11

what 4 billion is multiplied by itself

00:01:14

8 times in a row

00:01:16

as many of you know the

00:01:18

graphics processor in a computer

00:01:20

allows you to perform many

00:01:22

parallel calculations at enormous

00:01:24

speed,

00:01:25

if you program the processor to

00:01:27

constantly calculate a hash function, a

00:01:29

very powerful jikyu will produce a little less than a

00:01:32

billion hashes per second, let’s take

00:01:35

a few of them and fill the computer so

00:01:38

that it can calculate 4 billion

00:01:40

hashes per second, so we got the first

00:01:44

four billion number of hashes

00:01:47

per computer second now

00:01:49

imagine 4 billion of these super-

00:01:52

equipped computers, for comparison

00:01:55

no one named real numbers,

00:01:57

but Google has approximately no more than 10

00:02:00

million servers, in fact,

00:02:03

most of them are far from as

00:02:05

powerful as our imaginary machines, but

00:02:08

let’s say that Google updated all its

00:02:11

servers

00:02:12

4 billion is 1000 pumped up Googles

00:02:18

let's call this unit kilo Google

00:02:20

computing power on earth there are

00:02:23

approximately 7 billion 300 million

00:02:25

people and let a little more than every

00:02:28

second of them have their own personal kilo

00:02:31

Google now imagine 4 billion

00:02:35

copies of

00:02:36

our planet in the milky way approximately from

00:02:39

100 to 400 billion stars, the

00:02:42

exact number is unknown, but somewhere within

00:02:44

these limits it turns out that

00:02:47

one percent of all the stars in the galaxy

00:02:49

should have its own earth revolving around it and half of

00:02:52

its inhabitants should have their own bodies google

00:02:55

now imagine 4 billion copies of

00:02:58

our galaxy, let's call them giga

00:03:02

galactic supercomputer per second

00:03:05

it will perform

00:03:06

2 to the 160th power of calculations what is 4

00:03:12

billion seconds this is approximately 120 6.8

00:03:15

years

00:03:16

multiplied by 4 billion we get five hundred

00:03:19

seven billion years which is thirty-seven

00:03:20

times the age of the universe even

00:03:23

if we had a multi-planet giga

00:03:25

galactic supercomputer skill Google

00:03:27

per person I sort through cabbage soup and numbers

00:03:30

37 times longer than the universe exists,

00:03:32

still the chance of guessing the correct number

00:03:35

would be 1 4 billionth

00:03:40

by the way, now all Bitcoin miners

00:03:43

together produce 5 billion

00:03:46

billion hash calculations per second, this

00:03:51

corresponds to approximately 3 kilo Google a

00:03:54

the secret is that instead of billions of

00:03:58

computers stuffed with graphic processors, miners use something a

00:04:01

thousand times more efficiently, and

00:04:03

special-purpose integrated circuits,

00:04:05

this computing tool

00:04:08

specially designed exclusively

00:04:09

for mining bitcoins for computing x6

00:04:13

sha-256, turns out to be much more efficient

00:04:17

to forget about the need for universal

00:04:19

computing and create your own an integrated

00:04:21

circuit for one single task

00:04:25

translated and voiced by vert diver studio

Description:

Смотреть видео в оригинале: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S9JGmA5_unY Поддержать выход переводов: https://vertdider.tv/to-support-us/ Насколько сложно вычислить 256-битную цифровую подпись (т.е. хеш) путём перебора? Какой компьютер для этого понадобится? Перевод: Анастасия Савостьянова Редактура: Елена Смотрова Научный редактор: Егор Жмак Озвучка: Дмитрий Машкович Монтаж видео: Джон Исмаилов Обложка: Глеб Брайко Продюсер: Роман Морин Спасибо за поддержку на https://www.patreon.com/VertDider. Озвучки Vert Dider выходят с вашей помощью: Nick Denizhenko, Oleksii , Pavel Dunaev, Mikhail Stolpovskiy, Ігор Дорохов, Boris Bendikov, Михаил Панькин, Виталий Алешко, Felix , Pavel Parpura, Yevhen , Katoto Chan, Данил Рягузов, Владимир Кашутин, Kosoy , Anton Bolotov, Максим Минин, Максим Sheridan' Горлов, Luba Karpenko, Anton Makiievskyi, Vladimir Grachev, Denis Titusov, Spartak Kagramanyan, Максим Иванов, Dmitriy Omelyansky, Konstantin Pesyakov, Olga Shistareva, Alex Katkov, Serj Kravchuk, Alexander Zimin, Евгений Миф, Alexey Kukushkin, Пугачёв Пётр, Viktoria , Kamerton_440 , Alexander , Pandaben , Oleg Streltsov, Monza UA, Дмитрий Сергеевич, Alexandr Globov, Мария Соозарь, Vladimir Goshev, Vladyslav Sokolenko, Pavel D, Maria Tronina, Alexander Balynskiy, Ivan Iakimov, Иван Дьяченко, Claudia Barzaeva, sepeca , Olga Podolskaya, Aleksei Masliukov, Valeria Volodina, Alexander Gorodok, Viktor Lova, Ольга Канкулова, Vladimir Gavriushov, Алексей Разводов, Maria Burtseva, Aleksey Sazonov, Irina Shakhverdova, Evgeny Vrublevsky, Виталий Пастушенко, Katya Prokopchuk, Ihar Marozau, Lirin Alex, Alterien Сайт студии: https://vertdider.tv/ Мы в социальных сетях: — http://vk.com/studio_vd — https://t.me/vertdider — https://twitter.com/Vert_Dider — http://coub.com/vertdider

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