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Машинист
Электровоз
Локомотив
Железная дорога
Дирекция тяги
Восточно-Сибирская
Поезд
Обучение
Регламент
Трагедия
Происшествия
Нестандартные ситуации
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  • ruRussian
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00:00:27
it is known that the work of locomotive crews
00:00:30
in winter is
00:00:31
often complicated by unforeseen
00:00:33
circumstances; the
00:00:34
driver and his assistant can be
00:00:38
presented with auto brakes of the
00:00:41
train and locomotive equipment and
00:00:44
contact network in unexpected situations; in unexpected situations,
00:00:48
not only the first winter road is sometimes lost,
00:00:50
but also experienced crews are
00:00:54
drawn up before the onset of the winter period
00:00:57
action plan for operating personnel in
00:00:59
difficult meteorological conditions,
00:01:02
which includes such main
00:01:05
sections as the procedure for the actions of all
00:01:08
involved workers, the
00:01:22
procedure for sending diesel locomotives
00:01:25
to remove passenger trains in
00:01:28
the event of a cessation of the movement of electric trains;
00:02:48
electric traction,
00:03:25
the procedure for organizing control
00:03:28
over the condition of the roofs of the rolling stock of
00:03:30
cargo during periods of strong wind and
00:03:33
ice,
00:03:59
you can divide us in winter conditions
00:04:02
traveling main stages 1 preparing
00:04:06
locomotives for work in winter conditions
00:04:41
[music]
00:04:47
work on insulation and sealing checking
00:04:51
components and preparing locomotives for work
00:04:54
in winter conditions conditions
00:04:55
is carried out in accordance with the instructions of the
00:04:57
Ministry of Railways of Russia dated
00:05:00
December 23, 1999, number ct 721
00:05:06
and are usually carried out at the autumn
00:05:09
commission inspection for regular
00:05:11
routine repairs and
00:05:13
maintenance. The specific time frame for
00:05:18
preparing locomotives for operation in winter
00:05:21
conditions is established by the Directorate for the Repair of
00:05:23
Traction Rolling Stock
00:05:26
railway for each depot, taking into account the
00:05:28
requirements of these instructions and
00:05:30
local operating conditions,
00:05:49
then insulation of the driver's cabins; the
00:06:20
enterprise for preparing the
00:06:23
Lex locomotive for operation in winter conditions
00:06:25
includes equipping the electric locomotive with a vibrating
00:06:28
pantograph in case of
00:06:30
ice formation on the contact wire
00:07:10
[music]
00:07:15
in anticipation of the onset of the winter period,
00:07:19
technical classes with
00:07:21
locomotive workers
00:07:24
directly related to
00:07:25
the maintenance of locomotives; special
00:07:28
attention is paid to the preparation of the first
00:07:30
winter roads; classes follow a 40-hour
00:07:34
program
00:07:35
with a break from production;
00:07:38
train driving skills are studied and practiced in
00:07:44
adverse weather conditions; snow or in poor visibility;
00:07:46
control of electric and
00:07:48
pneumatic brakes is carefully practiced;
00:07:50
labor safety conditions in winter period, currently,
00:07:54
great attention is paid to updating the
00:07:56
locomotive fleet; we will dwell in detail
00:08:10
on the main stages of preparing the first
00:08:12
winter roads;
00:08:38
periodic starts;
00:08:40
stops of the diesel;
00:09:12
repair area;
00:09:16
warming up of diesel locomotives must be
00:09:19
done at an outside
00:09:21
air temperature of + 15 degrees and below, as well as when
00:09:25
it fluctuates by 5-6 degrees in within
00:09:28
six hours when, as a result of moisture and
00:09:32
non-formation, there is a possibility of a
00:09:34
decrease in the insulation resistance of
00:09:36
electrical machines when setting up
00:09:39
diesel locomotives, the
00:09:41
locomotive crew is obliged to cover the
00:09:45
refrigerator blinds, drain condensate
00:09:52
from the moisture-oil separator and the main
00:09:55
tanks,
00:10:00
blow out the feed brake line,
00:10:04
control circuit line, drain the oil
00:10:08
from the receivers on diesel locomotives of the series n 62
00:10:11
of all indices,
00:10:13
water should be drained when the
00:10:16
ambient air temperature is below plus 8 degrees
00:10:20
and after the water temperature in the
00:10:22
system has dropped to forty to fifty degrees
00:10:29
[music]
00:10:34
in the winter at
00:10:37
subzero temperatures and the presence of
00:10:39
snow cover, hot
00:10:42
heating of the electric locomotives is carried out; the driver must
00:10:45
make sure that the compressor works with the
00:10:48
required performance; this
00:10:50
monitors
00:10:51
not only the serviceability of the compressor, but also the
00:10:54
air flow through the bypass and
00:10:57
discharge pipes using a connecting valve,
00:10:59
a bend in the supply pipeline
00:11:02
and an
00:11:03
intersectional hose;
00:11:09
when accepting a locomotive in winter, special attention is
00:11:12
paid to the proper operation of the
00:11:15
driver's crane, the sensitivity of the
00:11:17
equalizing piston and its density
00:11:20
and service braking density of the
00:11:24
equalization tank no
00:11:26
overestimation of the pressure in it charging time of the
00:11:29
equalization tank and brake
00:11:32
line
00:11:33
check the sensitivity of the
00:11:35
air distributors to braking
00:11:37
and release make sure that the brakes are
00:11:41
released when the
00:11:43
pressure switch number 304 is activated using the
00:11:48
pneumatic circuit of the locomotive you can
00:11:50
easily determine the location of the narrowing of the
00:11:53
pipeline section
00:11:54
due to ice deposits
00:12:02
[music] it is
00:12:08
strictly forbidden to leave the
00:12:11
depot with frozen taps and
00:12:14
purge tanks with non-functional heating devices for
00:12:17
these taps, the likelihood of
00:12:22
brakes freezing is greatest during the transition
00:12:25
from positive to negative
00:12:27
temperatures;
00:12:29
freezing is possible at temperatures up to
00:12:32
plus five degrees;
00:12:34
in order to reduce the likelihood of brakes freezing,
00:12:38
it is necessary to prevent overheating of
00:12:40
compressors, timely removal of moisture
00:12:43
from the moisture collectors and main reservoirs leads
00:12:47
to freezing of the brake equipment, which
00:12:49
leads to the following violations in its
00:12:52
maintenance: untimely removal of
00:12:54
moisture from the main reservoirs of the
00:12:57
brake and supply networks and the
00:12:59
locomotive drivers' cranes; large
00:13:05
air leaks from the brake and
00:13:07
supply networks of the locomotive and train;
00:13:12
operation of one compressor instead two
00:13:15
or low performance of
00:13:17
compressors
00:13:42
ingress of moisture and damp sand into the
00:13:46
schmitz violation of the rules for their maintenance
00:13:50
in winter the most vulnerable
00:13:53
places are intersectional
00:13:56
connections and connecting hoses
00:13:59
especially with calibrated washers
00:14:01
end valves bending points in
00:14:04
pipelines moisture collectors and their
00:14:07
drain valves
00:14:08
especially the first main tank
00:14:11
after the compressor and the
00:14:13
compressor refrigerator, the supply pipeline from the
00:14:16
main tanks to the blocking
00:14:19
device number 367
00:14:21
or the driver's valve and the brake
00:14:24
line pipe from these devices, especially under the
00:14:27
driver's cabin,
00:14:28
pressure switch number three 104
00:14:32
blocking device number 367
00:14:35
pressure regulator a to 11 b
00:14:39
driver's valve brake cylinders
00:15:31
[music]
00:15:37
after powdering the locomotive to the train and
00:15:40
charging the brakes, the
00:15:43
sump tank of the main tanks is once again blown through, since
00:15:46
during long-term operation of compressors
00:15:48
a lot of moisture accumulates in them on electric locomotives
00:15:52
along the route to remove
00:15:55
oil separators from the main tanks and
00:15:58
moisture collectors of the accumulated condenser
00:16:01
every 30-40 minutes, depending
00:16:04
on frequency of switching on the compressors
00:16:07
and the ambient temperature,
00:16:10
they are purged with the obligatory
00:16:13
recording of the time in the purge log p u
00:16:16
152
00:16:19
on diesel locomotives, the purging of the main
00:16:22
tanks is carried out in parking lots,
00:16:24
starting from the first tank from the compressor,
00:16:26
to remove condensate, the
00:16:30
purge valve is opened smoothly by a small
00:16:33
amount,
00:16:34
since in case of sudden and its complete opening, a
00:16:37
rupture occurs in the oil emulsion input film
00:16:41
that moves away from the hole and the
00:17:20
board of the cabins of the driving and driven
00:17:23
sections is not completely removed at the same time, the pressure difference
00:17:27
should not exceed 0.4 kilograms of oil
00:17:31
per square centimeter if the pressure of the
00:17:34
driven sections is greater than the driving section by more than
00:17:38
zero point four tenths of a kilogram per
00:17:40
square centimeter, then the
00:17:43
permeability of air through the sectional world at the
00:17:46
connection of the supply line is improved; in this
00:17:50
case, it is necessary to more often produce
00:17:52
pressure from the main reservoirs in
00:17:55
sections if this difference
00:17:57
increases and has reached 0.8
00:18:01
one kilogram of force per square
00:18:04
centimeter at the moment
00:18:05
the compressors are turned off or occurs failure of the
00:18:08
safety valve of the pressure
00:18:10
line of the rear section must be
00:18:13
asked to dance on the side track
00:18:16
to identify the transferred place and eliminate
00:18:20
this malfunction;
00:18:26
the driver is also obliged to control the
00:18:29
density of the train's brake network to
00:18:33
remove condensate during the operation of the
00:18:35
compressor; only on one of the sections the
00:18:38
main tanks of this section are blown through the
00:18:42
heating devices turn on the moisture collector taps
00:18:45
for 30-40 minutes, after which the
00:18:49
main tanks are purged
00:19:07
5 degrees
00:19:11
Celsius due to the adhesion of snow and the
00:19:14
formation of ice on the brake pads, the
00:19:16
coefficient of friction of the brake pads decreases
00:19:19
in the initial period of braking,
00:19:22
thickening of the lubricant, freezing of the brake
00:19:25
cylinders and the formation of ice on the lever
00:19:27
transmission reduce its efficiency, so
00:19:31
additional efforts are required to
00:19:33
move it during snowfall, blizzard, and
00:19:37
freshly fallen snow
00:19:39
level which exceeds the height of the
00:19:41
rail heads
00:19:42
before braking, before entering the station
00:19:45
or before proceeding along the descent,
00:19:48
it is necessary to brake
00:19:50
to check the operation of the automatic brakes; if the
00:19:54
time the train traveled without braking
00:19:56
before this exceeds 20 minutes in the parking lot, it is
00:20:00
not recommended to
00:20:02
keep the train in a braked state for a long time unless it is particularly necessary;
00:20:05
this can
00:20:08
lead to for example, behind it the pads and the
00:20:10
rolling surface of the wheels during snowfalls and
00:20:15
snowdrifts, before checking the action of the automatic
00:20:19
brakes of trains with composite
00:20:22
brake pads, perform
00:20:24
braking to remove snow and ice from the
00:20:27
friction surface of the pads,
00:20:30
if such braking is impossible before checking the
00:20:32
action, then count the distance
00:20:35
traveled by the train in the process of reducing
00:20:38
speed by 10 kilometers per hour,
00:20:41
first reduce the speed but
00:20:44
not later than the train has traveled a
00:20:46
distance of 200 to 250 meters after the
00:20:50
start of braking,
00:21:01
rely on the brakes at a temperature
00:21:05
below minus 25 degrees before checking the
00:21:08
integrity of the brake line and it is
00:21:10
necessary to additionally perform up to a
00:21:13
multiple of the full service from braking
00:21:17
when testing auto brakes along the route
00:21:22
first The braking stage is performed by
00:21:24
reducing the pressure in the surge
00:21:27
tank in accordance with paragraphs 923
00:21:31
924 of the instruction ctc vcl into it.
00:21:36
277 in empty freight trains at 0.6 0.7
00:21:46
kilograms of force per square centimeter,
00:22:03
Russian trains at 0.5 0.6 kilograms of
00:22:07
force per square centimeter,
00:22:10
and when checking the operation of electro-
00:22:12
pneumatic brakes, the
00:22:14
pressure in the brake cylinders of
00:22:15
the locomotive should be one and a half to two
00:22:18
kilograms of force per square centimeter centimeter on
00:22:25
passenger trains with composite
00:22:27
pads at
00:22:30
0.6-2.7 kilograms of force per square
00:22:33
centimeter,
00:22:34
and when checking the operation of electro-
00:22:37
pneumatic brakes, the
00:22:39
pressure in the brake cylinders and the
00:22:41
locomotive should be two two and a
00:22:43
half kilograms of force per square
00:22:46
centimeter, the
00:22:52
first stage of braking in loaded
00:22:55
freight trains should be 0.8 0.9
00:23:00
kilograms of oil per square centimeter
00:23:03
on steep, long descents during
00:23:06
snowfall and snow drifts one 1.3
00:23:10
kilograms of force per square centimeter on
00:23:14
empty freight trains and in
00:23:17
passenger trains 0.5
00:23:19
0.6 kilograms of force per square
00:23:23
centimeter if necessary, increase
00:23:26
braking in a freight train until full
00:23:29
service braking is performed; the second stage
00:23:31
is performed by discharging the brake line by
00:23:34
at least
00:23:36
0.5 kilograms of force per square
00:23:39
centimeter;
00:23:40
to perform service braking with a
00:23:43
discharge of 0.6 kilograms of force per
00:23:47
square centimeter and bullets, apply the
00:23:50
braking stage in two steps with the
00:23:52
initial by reducing the pressure in the
00:23:54
equalizing tank to 0.3
00:23:58
point four kilograms of force
00:24:00
per square centimeter,
00:24:04
then holding the driver's crane handle
00:24:06
394 in the fourth position for 46
00:24:12
seconds and again reducing the pressure in the
00:24:14
comparative tank in the fifth
00:24:17
position of the crane handle by the required
00:24:20
amount until full service
00:24:23
braking
00:24:47
and the adhesion force of the wheels with decreases by rails,
00:24:49
it is necessary to first
00:24:55
activate the
00:24:57
sandbox fifty hundred meters before the start of braking and supply sand to the rails until the
00:25:00
train stops or the end of
00:25:02
braking, except for locomotives following in
00:25:05
reserve in the presence of snow cover
00:25:09
when examining for a stop and the
00:25:12
yellow light of the locomotive traffic light if the
00:25:16
auto brakes were not used 30 and
00:25:19
perform adjustable
00:25:22
braking for more than minutes with the obligatory achievement
00:25:24
of a braking effect with a reduction in speed of
00:25:27
at least 5 kilometers per hour
00:25:31
if it is impossible, due to the conditions of the
00:25:34
track profile, to carry out adjustable
00:25:36
braking when the window of the locomotive traffic
00:25:39
light is yellow, apply the brakes
00:25:41
when yellow with red appears on the
00:25:44
locomotive traffic light
00:25:45
to a stop with
00:25:49
further pulling up at a speed that
00:25:51
ensures the train stops with the
00:25:54
auxiliary brake valve of the locomotive when
00:25:57
approaching stations and with a prohibiting
00:26:00
signal, if after the first stage
00:26:03
of braking a sufficient effect is not obtained
00:26:06
in the train,
00:26:07
perform emergency braking with the
00:26:11
onset of sub-zero
00:26:13
outside air temperatures, perform a
00:26:16
braking stage of less than 0.5 kilograms of force per
00:26:19
square centimeter it is prohibited with the
00:26:24
onset of sub-zero
00:26:26
outside air temperatures when using
00:26:28
auto brakes to
00:26:30
maintain the handle of the driver's crane 394
00:26:34
in the fourth position in loaded
00:26:37
freight trains up to 300 axles for at least 15
00:26:41
seconds more than 300 axles for at least 20 seconds
00:26:46
in empty freight trains up to 300 axles for
00:26:50
at least 8 seconds more than 300 axles for at
00:26:54
least 10 seconds
00:27:01
winter period in sections with long
00:27:04
descents subject to snow drifts it
00:27:07
is allowed, taking into account experience in operating
00:27:10
brakes, to turn on the air distributors of
00:27:13
freight cars equipped with
00:27:16
composite blocks loaded
00:27:19
mode when loading no then more than 10 tons
00:27:22
and forces on the axle
00:27:23
this order of activation is introduced by
00:27:26
the direction of the road manager frequently
00:27:30
check the operation of the automatic brakes along the
00:27:32
route and at stations, performing the
00:27:35
braking stage,
00:27:38
subject the electro-pneumatic
00:27:41
brakes to the same check when driving passenger trains
00:27:47
with the onset of sub-zero
00:27:50
outside air temperatures on hauls and
00:27:52
stations where there is no inspector of cars
00:27:56
when parked for more than one hour before
00:27:59
testing the brakes, perform a full
00:28:02
service braking with subsequent
00:28:04
release in the first position with an increase in
00:28:07
pressure in the equalization tank
00:28:10
above the charging one by 0.5 kilograms of force per
00:28:14
square centimeter after
00:28:17
restoring the pressure in the equalization
00:28:19
tank, but not earlier than 4 minutes,
00:28:22
check the brakes, drink and use a
00:28:25
brake car at the head of the train if
00:28:30
pursuing downhill after a full
00:28:33
service braking or during
00:28:36
control braking, the pressure in the
00:28:39
brake line has decreased to less than 3.8
00:28:42
kilograms of force per square centimeter;
00:28:45
do not release the brakes until the
00:28:49
train has completely stopped; the time from the moment the
00:28:53
driver's crane handle is moved to the
00:28:55
release position until the
00:28:57
freight train is set in motion after it
00:29:00
has stopped must be increased.
00:29:03
one and a half times compared to the values
00:29:06
specified in paragraph 10 313
00:29:10
instructions cdc vsl in it ted 277
00:29:35
release the auto brake
00:29:38
by placing the handle of the
00:29:40
driver's crane 394 in the first position with an
00:29:45
increase in pressure in the equalizer in
00:29:47
the tank above the charging one by 0.5
00:29:51
1 kilograms per square
00:29:54
centimeter when examining a train along a slope or a
00:29:58
site with more than 100 axles,
00:30:01
release the brake in steps if, when
00:30:06
releasing the auto brakes, the
00:30:08
driver's tap handle is in the first position
00:30:10
with a wait until the pressure in the
00:30:13
equalization tank increases by
00:30:15
less than 0.5 kilograms of force per
00:30:19
square centimeter above the charging one at that
00:30:23
time application of the auxiliary
00:30:25
brake must be at least 60 seconds
00:30:34
in freight trains with a train length of
00:30:38
more than 250;
00:30:40
release of automatic brakes at a speed of less than
00:30:44
twenty kilometers per hour
00:30:45
is prohibited in freight trains
00:30:52
with a number of axles of 350 and fields with
00:30:56
loaded cars; do not begin releasing the
00:30:59
brakes at a speed of less than thirty
00:31:01
kilometers per hour. an hour until the train comes to a complete stop
00:31:03
on kilometers with a turning point
00:31:10
profile,
00:31:11
vacation at a speed of less than thirty
00:31:14
kilometers per hour is prohibited from pursuing
00:31:21
them prohibiting at the signal, the use of a
00:31:24
rheostatic regenerative brake
00:31:26
is prohibited
00:32:16
[music]
00:32:21
after uncoupling the locomotive from the train,
00:32:24
first the oil separator
00:32:26
and the moisture collector of the main tanks are vented, and
00:32:30
lastly, the brake brake is vented
00:32:33
and supply lines through the
00:32:35
connecting hoses, if the
00:32:39
purge order is changed, then all the accumulated
00:32:41
condensate flows through the
00:32:44
driver’s tap and blocking devices
00:32:46
number 367
00:32:48
into the brake network, contaminating them if there is
00:32:52
not enough time, the full purge cycle is
00:32:55
performed after the locomotive arrives at the depot
00:32:58
and then the lever gear is cleared
00:33:02
of ice and snow, check the supply of sand
00:33:06
from both cabins, turn off the heating of the purge valves
00:33:11
when setting the electric locomotive or
00:33:14
electric train to standstill, check that the
00:33:17
auxiliary compressor is also running when the
00:33:20
oil separator valve is open,
00:33:24
to avoid freezing of the brake
00:33:28
pads to the wheel tires,
00:33:30
leave the brakes released,
00:33:32
release air through the purge valves,
00:33:35
which leave the purge valves open,
00:33:42
and others frozen areas
00:33:45
are warmed up by the locomotive or
00:33:47
repair crew in compliance with
00:33:50
fire safety rules,
00:33:52
norms and requirements of labor protection and
00:33:55
safety during movement with the
00:34:07
appearance of an abnormal outflow of removal
00:34:09
strongly and sincerely and between the contact
00:34:12
network and only receivers, separations of
00:34:15
pantographs due to a malfunction of the
00:34:17
contact network or pantographs,
00:34:20
the driver is obliged to report about this to the energy
00:34:23
dispatcher, if there is
00:34:27
ice and no frost on the contact wires and only the receivers, the
00:34:30
locomotive crews
00:34:33
perform the following actions: first,
00:34:37
remove ice from the movable temple
00:34:39
pantographs during long
00:34:42
stops of electric rolling stock by
00:34:45
periodically every 5-10 minutes
00:34:48
by the next 3 times raising and
00:34:51
lowering the pantographs at
00:34:54
switched off power and auxiliary
00:34:56
circuits, as well as contact 3 of the electric heating of the
00:35:00
carriages of passenger trains and
00:35:02
electric trains, if these actions do not
00:35:07
prevent the ice crust from falling
00:35:09
from the moving temple of the pantograph, then the
00:35:12
pantographs are lowered and their cleaning
00:35:16
is carried out by the locomotive crew with the
00:35:18
permission of the workers of the contact
00:35:21
network area mechanically with lifting to the
00:35:24
roof of the
00:35:25
electric train of the train, subject to
00:35:28
labor safety requirements,
00:35:30
before starting work, the voltage is removed from the
00:35:34
contact network and grounding is carried out by
00:35:36
workers in the area of ​​the contact
00:35:39
network; the procedure for lifting
00:35:42
electric rolling stock onto the roof and grounding the
00:35:45
contact network
00:35:46
must be carried out in accordance with the
00:35:49
safety instructions for
00:35:51
electricians of the contact network; second
00:35:57
starting
00:35:58
study 1 sectional and 2 sectional
00:36:01
electric locomotives with a train or reserve, as
00:36:04
well as movement at stations
00:36:06
is carried out with two raised
00:36:09
pantographs on 3 sectional
00:36:11
electric locomotives VL11 and VL11 with only three
00:36:18
receivers with double traction, the total
00:36:21
number of raised pantographs on
00:36:23
electric locomotives
00:36:24
should not exceed 3 of which 2
00:36:28
pantographs are raised on the head
00:36:31
electric locomotive and on the rear electric locomotive 2 in the direction of
00:36:34
travel, pantograph 3 on electric locomotives
00:36:38
sent from the flat in the areas of their
00:36:41
circulation on the leading electric locomotive, the
00:36:43
front pantograph 4 is raised in the direction of travel
00:36:46
before the train departs
00:36:51
and after stopping for 10 minutes or
00:36:54
more
00:36:55
and in case of heavy ice on the contact
00:36:57
wire, the electric locomotive is uncoupled from the
00:36:59
composition and the
00:37:01
contact wires are cleared of ice and
00:37:03
frost only by the receivers of the electric locomotive,
00:37:06
passing two or three times within the length
00:37:09
permitted by the station duty officer but not
00:37:11
less than 30 meters, the number of working
00:37:14
pantographs during the cleaning of the
00:37:16
contact wires must
00:37:18
comply with paragraph 2
00:37:21
5 if it is impossible to use in
00:37:25
work the number of pantographs specified in paragraph 2
00:37:28
is necessary to obtain
00:37:30
permission from the energy dispatcher
00:37:32
for the movement of an electric locomotive for successful and
00:37:45
trouble-free operation in the winter,
00:37:48
locomotive crews are required to
00:37:50
strictly comply with all
00:37:53
established rules and instructions for the
00:37:55
operation of locomotives
00:37:57
as well as the management and maintenance of
00:37:59
braking equipment in the winter
00:42:35
[music]

Description:

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