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Video tags
Subtitles
Russian
00:00:00
Hello friends, I bring to your attention00:00:02
the third part of the video on options for installing00:00:06
the Home Assistant smart home control system on an Intel Based mini computer.00:00:10
Today we will look at the Proxmox virtualization system - which00:00:13
makes it possible to deploy00:00:17
several different systems on one physical server, dividing system00:00:20
resources between them - which, as we discussed in previous00:00:22
lessons, are too much for Home Assistant to work alone.00:00:26
Also, proxmox allows you to literally make and restore00:00:30
backup copies of the entire installation, operating system, its00:00:34
settings and all installed services in one click.00:00:36
Before we begin, as per tradition, I ask you to00:00:39
like this video - this will help promote it on Youtube and00:00:43
subscribe to my channel if you have not done so00:00:45
before.00:00:46
We start by downloading the Proxmox image; all the necessary links00:00:54
and commands can be found in the description.00:00:56
At the time of shooting the video, the current version is 8.0.00:00:59
For some time we will need a flash drive, onto00:01:02
which, using the same Balena Etcher,00:01:04
you will also find a download link in the description, you will need to00:01:07
write the downloaded Proxmox image.00:01:10
Next, you need to wait a little, I remind you that with this00:01:13
recording option, all the data that was on the flash drive00:01:16
will be deleted.00:01:17
After recording, the system performs validation - which gives confidence00:01:20
that everything was recorded correctly.00:01:22
After the program completes recording and displays00:01:24
a message about the successful result, you need to disconnect the flash drive00:01:28
from your working PC and connect it to one of the USB ports of the mini00:01:31
computer.00:01:32
When loading, we enter the boot menu, in my case you need to00:01:35
press F11, select boot from a flash drive and wait until00:01:39
the welcome screen appears.00:01:40
We need the first item, it is selected by default00:01:43
- installing Proxmox in graphical mode.00:01:48
Next, we read or do not read the license agreement.00:01:51
To continue the installation, click the Accept button00:01:54
in the lower right corner.00:01:57
The next window is the selection of the disk on which00:01:58
the system will be installed.00:02:01
You can only select an internal SSD drive, so00:02:03
it’s difficult to make a mistake here.00:02:04
Click next in the lower right corner.00:02:06
In my case, the location was determined correctly00:02:09
automatically; if not, we indicate it manually.00:02:12
I left the layout as default - English.00:02:15
Next, you will be asked for a password for the superuser - which00:02:18
is called root in Linux.00:02:20
It is important not to forget or lose it.00:02:22
We also indicate your email here.00:02:24
Then network setup.00:02:25
This shows the address that is assigned to the Ethernet port connected00:02:28
to the router; we set the name of the computer on the network.00:02:32
Proxmox sees both network ports and wi-fi.00:02:33
Once again, I emphasize that00:02:37
a wired connection must be provided for the smart home server,00:02:40
even if this requires purchasing an additional00:02:42
network switch.00:02:43
The final screen displays all the settings00:02:46
that we set in the previous steps.00:02:48
We check if everything is correct and press the install button.00:02:52
Next, we wait a few minutes while the installation takes place,00:02:55
but for now I’ll once again briefly talk about what we’re00:02:58
installing now.00:02:59
Proxmox is based on the popular Debian Linux, the installation of which00:03:02
I talked about in the second part of the tutorial.00:03:04
But it is modified to install and manage00:03:06
different virtual systems on one physical00:03:09
server.00:03:10
It is often used in offices and data centers,00:03:13
but it can also be used at home to00:03:17
make the most of00:03:19
computer resources, and in this configuration there are many more of them than00:03:22
are needed for Home Assistant alone.00:03:25
Pros of using Proxmox for a home user:00:03:27
Saving resources: Instead of several computers,00:03:30
you can use one for different tasks.00:03:33
Application isolation: If one system fails, the others are not affected00:03:36
, increasing security and stability.00:03:38
Flexibility: You can experiment with different operating00:03:42
systems and applications without worrying about00:03:45
one change affecting your entire PC.00:03:47
Web-based management: No need to connect00:03:51
to PC directly; everything can be configured through the browser.00:03:53
After installation, a window with a message about successful installation and the connection address00:03:58
is displayed for 5 seconds00:03:59
, then the PC reboots.00:04:03
The boot menu now looks like this.00:04:05
If you don’t touch anything, Proxmox will load in a few seconds00:04:07
.00:04:09
You can disconnect from the TV or monitor, then we will00:04:12
work through the browser.00:04:13
In the browser, go to the address that we saw00:04:16
on the last installation screen.00:04:17
Don’t forget to specify the port - 8006, separated by a colon.00:04:21
When you first start it, you may see this warning00:04:24
about a possible security threat.00:04:26
This is normal, click the Advanced button.00:04:29
Next, a notification appears about a possible substitution of the certificate00:04:32
of authenticity.00:04:33
Click the button to accept the risk and continue.00:04:35
This message will no longer appear.00:04:38
We log in to Proxmox, to do this we enter the root username00:04:41
and password that we set at the installation stage.00:04:44
Next, a window will appear about the incorrect subscription, just close00:04:47
it, it should not bother you anymore.00:04:50
Now we have an installed virtualization system00:04:52
and we can move on to further steps.00:04:54
To do this, go to our server by its name00:04:57
on the left in the menu, in it we will need a console, which we go to00:05:01
by clicking on the Shell tab. The easiest and fastest way would be00:05:03
to use the script project for Proxmox.00:05:07
You will also find a link to it in the description under00:05:09
the video.00:05:10
We go to the project’s github and then follow this link00:05:13
to the installation scripts directory.00:05:15
There are many different virtual machines for a00:05:18
variety of tasks, but for the purposes of this lesson we will00:05:21
only look at Home Assistant.00:05:23
Here we select the Home Assistant OS option - this is the same as00:05:26
what we installed in the first part of the lesson, but now00:05:29
in the form of a virtual machine, using some of the resources.00:05:33
If anyone expected this to be some kind of boot image,00:05:36
then no.00:05:37
There is no need to download anything here, the option simply opens00:05:39
another window.00:05:40
All we need is to copy the script.00:05:44
There is even a special button above00:05:46
its line for this purpose.00:05:47
Everything is as simple as possible: Return to the console,00:05:50
right-click on the command line and00:05:52
select paste.00:05:54
The script starts the installation process of00:05:57
the Home Assistant OS virtual machine.00:05:58
Click continue.00:06:00
For ease of installation - at this stage, calmly00:06:03
select YES - use standard settings.00:06:06
In this case, the system image will use00:06:08
4 GB of RAM and 32 GB of disk space.00:06:12
I will show you how to increase them further.00:06:14
I chose the advanced method, just to show what00:06:17
settings you can choose during installation.00:06:19
The system version is 11.1 as of the date the video was shot, stable is selected by default00:06:23
, I don’t see any point in installing a beta00:06:25
or a version for developers.00:06:27
This is the ID of the virtual machine under which it will be displayed00:06:31
in the list.00:06:32
We leave it at the default - 10000:06:34
Vehicle type - I also leave it at the default.00:06:37
That’s why I said that you can safely immediately choose00:06:39
to use standard settings.00:06:43
The next option is to write the cache to disk, and here I also00:06:45
leave the default value.00:06:47
This is the name of the created virtual machine - if you wish, you can00:06:50
write something of your own or leave it as is.00:06:54
Processor model and then I just click OK - continue.00:06:57
Allocation of processor cores.00:06:59
On the Intel N100 there are four of them; by default it is suggested00:07:02
to use two.00:07:03
For Home Assistant it will be quite enough.00:07:05
As I said, by default 4 GB00:07:10
of RAM will be allocated for the image.00:07:11
If you choose the advanced installation method, the volume00:07:14
can be changed at this stage.00:07:15
But this is easy to do after installation - if you choose00:07:18
the default installation.00:07:21
I indicated half of the available volume - 8 GB.00:07:24
How to change it after installation will be further in the video.00:07:27
And we continue.00:07:29
I also don’t touch the next few windows, I leave everything00:07:31
as is.00:07:33
In fact, all that I changed was by choosing the advanced mode00:07:35
- only the amount of allocated RAM, but00:07:38
this can be done at any time after installation.00:07:42
The setup is complete and the virtual machine is now ready00:07:44
to install and run.00:07:46
Select yes to continue.00:07:47
And here we again confirm our readiness for this00:07:51
grandiose event.00:07:53
Next, the script downloads the system image archive, which00:07:55
takes about 300 megabytes.00:07:58
The next step is unpacking from the archive.00:08:00
Creating a virtual machine - it has already00:08:03
appeared in the list on the left under its ID - 100.00:08:05
Done, the image is installed, the system starts.00:08:08
Now the allocated part of the mini PC resources is occupied by00:08:11
Home Assistant OS.00:08:12
We go to the panel to the installed virtual system, select00:08:16
the Console tab and see the launch process itself, as00:08:19
we saw it on the TV or monitor screen00:08:21
in the first lesson.00:08:23
Each virtual system will have its own00:08:25
IP address, different from Proxmox itself.00:08:28
In my case, 192.168.0.173 was assigned to HA OS.00:08:35
Go to this address, do not forget00:08:37
to specify port 8123 after a colon and see00:08:41
the parking page already familiar from previous lessons.00:08:43
While the system is starting up, let's go back to the Proxmox page00:08:46
and see what's on the Summary tab.00:08:49
We see the status - running, node name.00:08:51
CPU load, 2 out of four cores are used here00:08:54
- 60%, memory - 63% out of 8 available.00:08:58
But the system is still being launched.00:09:01
The disk size is 32 GB, even lower is the IP address.00:09:05
If we scroll down, we will see this data00:09:07
in the form of time graphs.00:09:08
CPU load.00:09:10
RAM usage00:09:13
Network traffic.00:09:14
And read write operations on the disk.00:09:16
The processor load has dropped sharply, now let's check00:09:19
what's on the Home Assistant page.00:09:21
Welcome window - create a smart home or restore00:09:24
from a backup.00:09:25
With this installation method, you can safely restore from a backup copy at this stage00:09:28
if you have one,00:09:31
and I’ll start over again.00:09:33
Username and login, password for logging into the system.00:09:36
We remember, or better yet, write down.00:09:38
Location - you can skip it for now.00:09:41
And the country must be indicated.00:09:43
Diagnostic data is all anonymous, so I ask00:09:46
everyone to take part in it if possible.00:09:49
Detection of devices on the network is less than in previous00:09:51
methods, but this is normal.00:09:53
The system is running, so far only media players00:09:56
have been detected and connected .00:09:57
Let's see what's on the system page, you can also find a link to it00:10:00
in the description.00:10:02
No errors are visible;00:10:05
the versions of the kernel, Supervisor and operating system that were current on the date of shooting were installed.00:10:08
You can scroll down -00:10:10
there are no errors or even warnings.00:10:11
Everything is fine.00:10:12
Here you can see that some more devices were discovered00:10:15
- in my case, zigbee network coordinators, some00:10:17
tuya devices, a TV.00:10:20
Let's look at some more points.00:10:22
Let's go to the Settings tab - System.00:10:25
There is a network setting. There is only one network interface00:10:28
- a virtual one, which is forwarded from Proxmox.00:10:31
By switching to the Static option, the IP address00:10:33
will be displayed here00:10:34
. You can change it right from here to whatever you need.00:10:37
Another option in the same System tab is Equipment.00:10:40
There is a button here for all equipment.00:10:42
Here it is much less than with the settings shown00:10:45
in previous lessons, because00:10:47
it needs to be forwarded to the virtual machine.00:10:49
We return to Proxmox and on the left go to the main00:10:53
server tab.00:10:54
Again, go to the already familiar Shell tab and enter00:10:56
the short command lsusb. It displays a list of all00:11:00
USB devices.00:11:01
I have two empty ports, what I identified as Apple00:11:04
is actually just an external radio keyboard for a few00:11:07
dollars from Aliexpress and a USB Zigbee Stick Sonoff E.00:11:11
On the downside, the built-in bluetooth did not show up, but00:11:13
then I will show a simple workaround.00:11:16
Go to the virtual machine, Hardware tab.00:11:18
These are the resources allocated for it from the physical server.00:11:22
Select add and in the list that opens, look for USB devices.00:11:26
The add window opens.00:11:27
Now you need to choose what to add.00:11:30
Select the USB device mode by ID and select00:11:33
the Sonoff stick from the list.00:11:34
It appeared in the virtual machine's hardware list.00:11:37
I won’t add a physical keyboard, I don’t need it00:11:39
here, but if you need it, everything is exactly the same.00:11:42
In the menu at the top, which is called shutdown, select00:11:46
reboot.00:11:47
It occurs at the virtual00:11:50
machine operating system level.00:11:51
Needed to apply the settings.00:11:53
We confirm the need to reboot.00:11:56
Now a USB Zigbee stick has appeared in the list of equipment in Home Assistant00:11:59
.00:12:00
You can work with him.00:12:01
Let's check.00:12:02
In the integrations menu, select configure00:12:05
the ZHA that appears here.00:12:06
We specify an automatically defined port.00:12:08
I'm creating a new network, so I'm erasing all previous settings.00:12:12
Successful - new integration for working with Zigbee devices00:12:15
has been added.00:12:16
How to add zigbee2mqtt - watch my video tutorial at the link00:12:19
in the description.00:12:20
An important point - only one thing00:12:23
can work with one coordinator - if you have configured ZHA, then z2m will no longer start.00:12:27
And vice versa.00:12:28
But you can connect two USB sticks or a network coordinator00:12:32
and use another integration on it.00:12:35
Let's check the functionality and connect something.00:12:37
Click add child devices.00:12:39
For the test, I took one of the sockets with energy monitoring.00:12:43
One more point - you need to start building a zigbee network00:12:45
with devices with a router function - sockets, light bulbs,00:12:48
switches with zero, presence sensors with external power,00:12:51
and so on.00:12:53
The device is detected - everything is in order.00:12:55
The socket relay responds to commands, and data from the sensors00:12:58
is updated.00:12:59
The next point that I promised to show.00:13:01
To do this, you also need to go to the Hardware tab of the virtual00:13:04
machine.00:13:05
Select the first line, where the amount of allocated00:13:07
RAM is indicated, and click the edit button.00:13:10
By default this VM is allocated 4GB00:13:13
but I changed it to 8 during installation.00:13:15
If you chose to install with standard settings00:13:17
, you can do it here.00:13:20
Now let's go back to the disk.00:13:22
By default, I didn’t change this either - 32 GB00:13:24
of disk space is allocated.00:13:26
I suggest doubling it.00:13:27
On the hardware tab, look at the00:13:30
disk ID.00:13:31
In this case scsi0.00:13:33
Now we go to the main server console and enter the size redistribution command in it00:13:36
, which indicates the ID00:13:39
of the virtual machine - 100, the disk - scsi0 and how much it00:13:43
needs to be increased - in the example, 32 GB.00:13:46
You will also find this command in the description.00:13:49
Done, the amount of allocated space has been changed.00:13:51
At the same time, the performance of the system does not suffer - everything00:13:54
works, additional space is simply added.00:13:57
64GB is now available.00:13:59
By the way, the reverse operation, reducing the volume,00:14:02
will not be so painless.00:14:04
It will be easier to take a backup from Home Assistant, delete this virtual00:14:07
machine - then I will show how, deploy a00:14:09
new one with a script and restore from the backup.00:14:12
I showed how to make backups and automate this process at the00:14:14
Home Assistant OS level in the video, link in the description.00:14:18
Now let's see how to make backups at the operating00:14:21
system level.00:14:22
On the virtual machine, go to the backups tab.00:14:24
By default, it is stored locally, taking a complete00:14:27
snapshot of the entire system.00:14:29
Let's give it some meaningful name.00:14:30
The backup is taken from the entire virtual machine, this00:14:34
process takes some time.00:14:36
Done, let's see what we got.00:14:39
As I already said, this is a backup at the operating00:14:42
system level, so it is quite voluminous.00:14:44
For example, a backup of Home Assistant alone would take up00:14:47
a couple of tens of megabytes at this stage.00:14:49
If something goes wrong, you can restore it00:14:51
from the same menu.00:14:52
Unlike Home Assistant backups - which are best done00:14:55
automatically daily - such backups00:14:57
There is no point in doing it too often, only before system00:15:01
updates, in order to be able to roll back00:15:03
the entire operating system.00:15:05
Now I will show you how to delete a virtual machine.00:15:07
It will be useful if, for example, you experimented with something00:15:09
and now you don’t need it.00:15:11
She needs to be stopped first.00:15:14
We confirm the system stop.00:15:16
We wait a bit until it receives the status - stopped.00:15:19
Then in the menu at the top right, select delete.00:15:22
This is relevant not only for the Home Assistant OS image, but00:15:25
also for any other image, including backups.00:15:28
To confirm, you must enter the ID of the virtual00:15:32
machine to be deleted.00:15:33
This makes it possible to safely experiment with different00:15:35
systems and containers.00:15:37
Now about the Bluetooth adapter.00:15:38
I promised to tell you about a simple workaround and it involves00:15:41
purchasing an external USB device.00:15:43
It solves several problems at once - firstly, you don’t need to00:15:46
search for and install drivers, it is supported00:15:49
in Home Assistant OS, Debian and Proxmox.00:15:52
In addition, unlike many built-in adapters00:15:55
, it does not suffer from periodic sleep, I have repeatedly00:15:58
encountered this problem, and also, due to external00:16:01
installation, it has a much better coverage radius.00:16:04
In the description under the video I will leave several links to proven00:16:08
USB Bluetooth adapters.00:16:10
Here it is when the lsusb command is output;00:16:13
using the method already familiar to you, let’s connect it to Home Assistant.00:16:16
In the menu for adding devices in the virtual machine, select00:16:18
the bluetooth adapter that appears here.00:16:21
Now two USB devices have been forwarded here - Zigbee and00:16:24
Bluetooth sticks.00:16:26
To apply the settings, reboot the virtual00:16:28
machine.00:16:30
After this, just like what happened after00:16:32
adding the Zigbee coordinator,00:16:35
Bluetooth also appeared in the integrations menu.00:16:36
First you need to connect and configure the adapter.00:16:40
We confirm the connection.00:16:42
No sooner had it been added than00:16:44
Xiaomi bluetooth sensors appeared in the integration.00:16:46
From my own experience, I can say that an external adapter works00:16:48
better than the built-in one.00:16:49
By the way, even if the built-in one is detected normally,00:16:52
nothing prevents you from using it in conjunction with an external one.00:16:55
It’s just that in Bluetooth integration there will be not one but two adapters,00:16:59
and the sensors will be defined in exactly the same way.00:17:01
This00:17:04
concludes the third part of the tutorial on installing Home Assistant OS.00:17:05
This is what my integration menu looks like a few00:17:08
hours after installation - the system detected many different00:17:11
devices on the network.00:17:12
Regarding the use of system resources.00:17:14
In this screenshot, the system operating time is 21 hours 32 minutes.00:17:18
The processor, let me remind you, uses 2 out of 4 cores,00:17:22
is loaded at a little more than 9%, memory is about 15%.00:17:26
Here is the time graph - 8-9%, but there is an almost empty00:17:30
system, there is only a ZHA with one outlet, several00:17:33
media players, and bluetooth.00:17:35
Of the 8 GB of allocated memory, the system uses just00:17:38
over 1 GB.00:17:39
More than enough, while half of00:17:42
the system resources - processor and memory, as well as three quarters00:17:45
of disk space - are free. I fulfilled00:17:47
the minimum program I promised - in the form of three videos00:17:50
on installing Home Assistant.00:17:52
But I don’t rule out that I’ll do another interesting00:17:55
lesson related to Proxmox, write your thoughts and suggestions00:17:58
in the comments.00:17:59
That's all, I hope that the review was useful00:18:01
and interesting to you, I will be grateful for your likes, they help00:18:04
promote the video on Youtube.00:18:06
If you haven't subscribed to my channel yet, it's time00:18:08
to do it right now.00:18:10
In the description under the video, I will leave all the necessary00:18:12
links - to the resources and commands shown in the lesson, to other00:18:15
videos on this topic, to Aliexpress - the store where00:18:19
this mini PC was purchased, to proven bluetooth adapters.00:18:22
I invite you to subscribe to my telegram channel00:18:24
or Facebook page and communication group on smart00:18:27
home issues, divided into different topics.00:18:29
Links are there too.00:18:30
Thank you for your attention, see you again, peace to all.Description:
La troisième partie de la vidéo sur les options d'installation de Home Assistant sur un mini PC Intel, dans laquelle je parle de l'hyperviseur Proxmox. Proxmox est une solution complète de virtualisation de serveur qui vous permet de gérer des machines virtuelles et des conteneurs. Sur un serveur physique, vous pouvez déployer plusieurs systèmes différents - y compris le système d'exploitation Home Assistant, en répartissant les ressources entre eux - cœurs de processeur, RAM, disque dur, périphériques. De plus, la plateforme permet de créer des sauvegardes complètes et de les restaurer en un seul clic. Acheter sur Aliexpress : Boutique Honor Box - https://htl.by/6tfasw Adaptateurs Bluetooth testés Adaptateur Bluetooth USB RTL8761B - https://htl.by/6tfatv Adaptateur Bluetooth mini-USB ANMONE RTL8761B - https://htl.by/6tfaug Essager USB Bluetooth 5.1 - https://htl.by/6tfas4 Les ressources requises - Proxmox - https://www.proxmox.com/en/downloads/proxmox-virtual-environment/iso Balena Graveur - https://etcher.balena.io/ Scripts d'installation de systèmes virtuels - https://github.com/tteck/Proxmox Page système - http://adresse IP:8123/hassio/system Équipes : Vérification du périphérique USB - lsusb Extension de disque scsi0 sur 100 hôtes à 32 Go - qm resize 100 scsi0 +32G Options d'installation sur PC basé sur Intel : Système d'exploitation Home Assistant - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UOIHfYNGN00 Assistant à domicile supervisé - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=seiqmMsx6JQ Raspberry PI 4B - Installation de Supervised Home Assistant - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MwZBE6aRHhE Série précédente d'avis basés sur Beelink GK Mini sur Celeron J4125 : Partie 1 - installation facile du système d'exploitation Home Assistant - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i4bp-s20Dm8 Partie 2 - Démarrage automatique, Debian 11, Supervised Home Assistant - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RqW5q-0RYio Partie 3 - Proxmox, machine virtuelle du système d'exploitation Home Assistant - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o1MA6nsXC14 Tutoriels de configuration de Home Assistant mis à jour en octobre 2023 : Premiers réglages, File Editor, Maria DB, HACS - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rhyEPm5SXGU Courtier Mosquitto, Zigbee2mqtt, MQTT - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fEu_V1pkjGo Sauvegarde, sauvegarde Google Drive - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_86CMuToxI Ma chaîne de télégramme @smarthomesell - https://t.me/smarthomesell Groupe de communication sur la maison intelligente - https://t.me/kvazis_smart_home Articles sur le thème de la maison intelligente - https://alexkvazis.blogspot.com/p/blog-page.html Système de cashback pour les achats - http://kvazis.link/letishops Devenez sponsor de ma chaîne Youtube - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCcq9onYHbs6go3kDpfBoqhg/join Soutenez la chaîne d'une autre manière - Patreon - https://www.patreon.com/alex_kvazis Achetez-moi un café - https://buymeacoffee.com/greatkvazis Paypal - https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/greatkvazis Autres options - https://github.com/kvazis/library/tree/master/info/donation Page Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser Liste de lecture des leçons d'assistant à domicile - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4y1yofoNjT737C4hXti0SD-V6pBjqOmO Commentaires - [email protected] Configuration de Home Assistant - https://github.com/kvazis/newHA « Musique de production avec l'aimable autorisation d'Epidemic Sound » www.epidemicsound.com 00h00 - Présentation 00h50 - Préparation 01:32 - Installation 04h13 - Lancement 05:02 - Installation du système d'exploitation Home Assistant 08:34 - Assistant à domicile 10h54 - Mise en place des ressources 14h12 - Sauvegarde 15h37 - Bluetooth 17h01 - Conclusion
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