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Table of contents
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Table of contents

0:13
I loved the project
0:16
The most dangerous LoRa project?
2:10
Flash the firmware
5:01
Tip #3
5:18
Ready to rumble
8:04
No problem with MQTT
8:13
How to connect?
9:30
MQTT is not for emergencies
11:23
Sensor Nodes are cheap
12:46
CU interface on PC or Mac is perfect for provisioning sensor nodes
13:10
The links are in the description
Video tags
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Video tags

465
rutgers
university
confirmed:
meshtastic
lora
dangerous
Subtitles
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  • ruRussian
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00:00:00
In 2020, I was the first YouTuber to make a video about “Meshtastic,” created by
00:00:06
Kevin Hester.
00:00:08
The project name was a merge between Mesh and Fantastic.
00:00:13
Already then, I loved the project.
00:00:16
But why is it the “most dangerous LoRa project”?
00:00:19
Here is the proof: My video was included in a study titled “NETWORK-ENABLED ANARCHY”
00:00:27
by an organization featured by the US government under the topic “instructions for encrypted
00:00:33
messaging”.
00:00:34
So stay tuned when I show you what you can do with it even if your profession is not
00:00:40
“terrorist”.
00:00:41
Grüezi YouTubers.
00:00:43
Here is the guy with the Swiss accent.
00:00:45
With a new episode and fresh ideas around sensors and microcontrollers.
00:00:50
Remember: If you subscribe, you will always sit in the first row.
00:00:56
My video was mentioned in the same sentence as 3D-printed weapons.
00:01:01
Why?
00:01:02
Because Meshtastic creates encrypted LoRa Mesh networks independent of any mobile infrastructure.
00:01:09
Hard to detect and hard to observe.
00:01:13
But if you do not plan to become a terrorist.
00:01:16
What is in for you?
00:01:17
First: Mesh networks are fun to play with.
00:01:21
Plus, because of LoRa, they have a good range.
00:01:25
And third, the project evolved and can now be used with repeaters, with tunnels across
00:01:31
the internet, and to transfer sensor data.
00:01:35
And it supports a wide variety of devices—all exciting stuff.
00:01:41
Instead of explaining how it works, we build a small network.
00:01:44
I use three different devices: A simple TTGO LoRa board connected to USB power, a TTGO
00:01:52
T-Beam with battery and GPS, and a newer T-Eco with an NRF52 chip and an e-paper display
00:02:01
instead of an OLED.
00:02:02
This results in a very low power consumption.
00:02:06
It also contains a battery and GPS.
00:02:09
First, we have to flash the Meshtastic software to all devices.
00:02:14
Fortunately, this is very easy: If your board is based on an ESP32, go to this website,
00:02:21
select your device and the requested firmware version, and “wipe and reinstall the device”.
00:02:28
If you connect your device with a USB connector of the computer, you can select the proper
00:02:34
COM port, hit “connect”, and “install”.
00:02:37
After a few minutes, our two ESP32 devices are ready.
00:02:43
The T-Echo is programmed in two steps described on the Meshtastic page: Erase the memory and
00:02:49
program the new firmware by dragging two files to the USB drive created by the T-Echo.
00:02:55
Done.
00:02:57
The programmed Meshtastic devices can connect to a PC or Mac and to iPhones or Androids.
00:03:05
A tip I learned the hard way: Use a different Smartphone for each of your Meshtastic nodes.
00:03:11
Otherwise, it is easy to lose the overview.
00:03:15
In this video, I connect the LoRa board to the PC because it anyway requires USB power
00:03:22
and will later have a special function.
00:03:24
The T-Beam is connected to the iPhone, and the T-Echo to the Android.
00:03:29
Like that, I always know where you change settings and send messages.
00:03:35
Before connecting our Smartphones to our devices, we must install the Meshtastic app.
00:03:41
You can find them in the respective app stores.
00:03:45
For the LoRa board connected to the PC, I use the web client hosted by the project team.
00:03:51
It connects the LoRa board via the serial connection.
00:03:54
Cool.
00:03:55
The T-Echo and the T-Beam must be paired to the respective Smartphone by entering a six-digit
00:04:02
number.
00:04:03
Sometimes, this does not work the first time.
00:04:07
Be patient and switch the Meshtastic node off and on to start over.
00:04:12
The device gets a name based on its MAC address.
00:04:16
This name is essential because it appears on all messages.
00:04:20
As a first step, you have to select the region.
00:04:23
Because I have 433MHz boards and live in Europe, I chose EU_433.
00:04:30
You must check the allowed frequencies in your country before ordering your LoRa devices.
00:04:36
Their frequency range is fixed.
00:04:39
Sometimes, you get devices with preloaded Meshtastic software.
00:04:44
Because the project moves fast, I would reprogram it with the newest firmware before starting.
00:04:51
This cloud with a tick mark shows if your phone is connected, BTW.
00:04:56
Now, we can go to settings to choose what we need.
00:05:00
A tip if you do not know how to navigate the Android app: A left sweep is the “back”
00:05:07
function.
00:05:08
It took me a while to find it.
00:05:10
The app on the iPhone looks different but has the same functionality.
00:05:15
And an arrow for “back”.
00:05:17
Now, we are ready to rumble.
00:05:19
Your Smartphones should show three nodes, and you should know their names.
00:05:25
This is because Meshtastic has selected a default combination that works out of the
00:05:30
box.
00:05:31
We can start to exchange messages between the two Smartphones.
00:05:36
And no, the smartphones do not need to be connected to any network.
00:05:41
You can turn off mobile data and Wi-Fi if you want proof that Meshtastic only uses the
00:05:48
built-in LoRa transceivers.
00:05:50
Just keep Bluetooth enabled.
00:05:53
You can send a message to all or only to one device and, if successful, get a tick mark
00:06:01
in the cloud.
00:06:02
This is possible because we use the “primary channel” and the “LongFast” profile.
00:06:09
The profile is used to tweak the radio settings.
00:06:13
LongFast is a good compromise between range and transmission speeds.
00:06:18
They offer other profiles if you want to play.
00:06:22
The different channels can be used to create privacy.
00:06:25
Frustration can occur if your radios do not have the same settings.
00:06:30
This is why Meshtastic introduced a QR code that distributes all channel information between
00:06:36
your nodes.
00:06:38
I highly recommend using this method.
00:06:41
Because my LoRa board connected to my PC has no camera, I create the QR code there and
00:06:47
use the Smartphone cameras to transfer the channel info to the other two nodes.
00:06:53
So, we created a mesh network with three nodes.
00:06:57
What is the typical range of such a network?
00:07:00
As a rule of thumb: LoRa works very well if there is a line of sight between two nodes.
00:07:07
In video #120, I could bridge 203km with similar modules.
00:07:14
I also show how to simulate the range of a particular node.
00:07:19
And I regularly get messages from small LoRa satellites 2000 km away.
00:07:26
You also find videos on how to build performing antennas on this channel, BTW.
00:07:31
Even by using a Harley Davidson for the job.
00:07:35
But LoRa does not work well if there is no line of sight.
00:07:40
With meshes, the chance to get a line of sight between two nodes becomes bigger with the
00:07:45
number of mesh nodes.
00:07:47
And, of course, if we place at least one node on a hill or a tall building, the chance for
00:07:53
a line-of-sight connection increases a lot.
00:07:57
But more about that later in the video.
00:08:00
What if we want to connect to our buddy in a different town?
00:08:03
No problem.
00:08:05
Meshtastic provides a free MQTT server on the internet to connect all users of Meshtastic.
00:08:12
But how can we connect to this server?
00:08:15
We have to connect to the internet, of course.
00:08:18
But, if our board uses Bluetooth, it cannot connect to the internet with Wi-Fi.
00:08:24
And the NRF52 does not offer Wi-Fi at all.
00:08:28
Fortunately, the project team had a marvelous idea: If you enable “MQTT Client Proxy”
00:08:35
in the MQTT menu, your Meshtastic node uses the internet connection of your Smartphone!
00:08:42
Very clever.
00:08:43
As soon as you enable MQTT and the client proxy, as well as up- and downlink on the
00:08:50
channel, you should see messages coming from unknown sources, and you should see many new
00:08:56
nodes.
00:08:57
This is possible because the default credentials of the mqtt server are already populated.
00:09:04
Seq messages with a number are “spam”, BTW.
00:09:08
They are range-test messages of people who do not know what they do.
00:09:13
On the iPhone app, you can flip a switch to mask them out.
00:09:18
I do not know if this feature already exists on Android.
00:09:22
Now, you can start messaging with a stranger or, if you find your friend, start a conversation
00:09:29
with him.
00:09:30
Of course, this method depends on the internet and is unsuitable for emergencies.
00:09:35
But still, it is handy and fun.
00:09:39
For more privacy, you could create your own MQTT server and connect your meshes to this
00:09:44
server.
00:09:46
I promised that we would talk about nodes placed at a good location.
00:09:50
Meshtastic offers a particular role for such nodes: Router or its simpler sibling, repeater.
00:09:58
Because of their excellent position, they are preferred for message transfers.
00:10:03
They usually are not used to creating and reading messages.
00:10:07
This fits perfectly with our LoRa board without batteries and without a Smartphone connection.
00:10:13
It becomes our router and extends the range of our mesh without internet access.
00:10:19
Adding solar panels to such a node can run it for at least the whole summer without attention,
00:10:27
and it can serve a wide geographical area.
00:10:31
If you have internet access at the router on the hill or the tall building, you can
00:10:36
enable MQTT there and connect your entire mesh to an MQTT server.
00:10:41
An extremely useful function because none of the other nodes or Smartphones need internet
00:10:47
access.
00:10:48
If you do not want to use your Smartphone, you can buy or build a standalone device with
00:10:54
a display and a keyboard.
00:10:56
The last feature I will mention is the possibility of attaching sensors to a node.
00:11:02
This greatly extends the options because you can place sensors everywhere, even if the
00:11:08
“hub” has no line of sight to all nodes.
00:11:12
Other mesh nodes then automatically relay messages from “invisible” nodes.
00:11:17
And as a last resort, you can place a router or repeater in a good place.
00:11:22
The sensor nodes, of course, do not need a Smartphone and therefore are cheap.
00:11:28
Our T-Beam and T-Echo have a built-in GPS “sensor”.
00:11:33
So they can transfer your position if you want.
00:11:36
And if your node has no GPS, you can use the one of your Smartphone.
00:11:42
Again, clever programming!
00:11:45
And finally, you can connect node-red to the MQTT broker and get the sensor readings for
00:11:51
automation and reporting.
00:11:53
So, - We were able to create a mesh network consisting
00:11:57
of three nodes - The typical range of such networks is enormous
00:12:01
if there is a line of sight between nodes, but only small, if not
00:12:06
- We tried two ways of extending the range of our mesh
00:12:10
- With a router or repeater on a hill or tall building, we can significantly improve the
00:12:16
range of our mesh without connecting to infrastructure - By linking to an MQTT server on the internet,
00:12:23
we can extend the range to the whole world - If we connect sensors to nodes, we can create
00:12:30
a mesh of sensors.
00:12:32
The most prominent sensor is GPS, which shows you the position of your buddies
00:12:37
- If you use the Node-Red integration, you can use the sensor readings in your automation
00:12:43
or reporting - I did not cover the so-called CLI interface.
00:12:48
It is particularly useful for provisioning sensor nodes
00:12:51
- It is no wonder that this project is widely used and even preloaded on some Chinese boards
00:12:59
One last thing: If you built your Meshtastic node, we will meet on Channel 5 on the MQTT
00:13:06
server.
00:13:07
Just mention my name in your message.
00:13:10
This was all for today.
00:13:11
As always, you find all the relevant links in the description.
00:13:15
I hope this video was useful or at least interesting for you.
00:13:20
If true, please consider supporting the channel to secure its future existence.
00:13:24
Thank you!
00:13:25
Bye

Description:

In 2020, I was the first YouTuber to make a video about “Meshtastic,” created by Kevin Hester. The project name was a merge between Mesh and Fantastic. Already then, I loved the project. But why is it the “most dangerous LoRa project”? Here is the proof: My video was included in a study titled “NETWORK-ENABLED ANARCHY” by an organization featured by the US government under the topic “instructions for encrypted messaging”. So stay tuned when I show you what you can do with it even if you have a normal profession. My second channel: https://www.youtube.com/HB9BLAWireless Links: T-Beam: https://s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_DFEJ7bD T-Echo: https://s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_DcJBAbt T-Deck (with keyboard): https://s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_Dk8N1TV LoRa32: https://s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_DBTUwxV Solar-powered repeater: https://www.youtube.com/watch?si=g2oPVzoqrEeJM8Aa&v=8onU3Ov0qZw First Meshtastic video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?si=XoUeD9lnGpCrdLk8&v=TY6m6fS8bxU World Record video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?si=K--hGlNqk_NKafQy&v=adhWIo-7gr4 Satellites video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?si=5cl-Y-gOUXAz2FyM&v=ltJQjqm5bKA Antennas with Harley: https://www.youtube.com/watch?si=vgTRKBxBirBlCcNh&v=lVD-dnYLv-U Meshenger: https://www.etsy.com/listing/1390142667/meshenger-standalone-device-for?show_sold_out_detail=1 Rutgers Study: https://bit.ly/44H8xMv Patreon supporter companies: https://passiv-energie.gmbh/ https://www.welectron.com/ https://shop.yosmart.com/ YouTuber Patreon: https://www.youtube.com/@MakersMashup/ The links above usually are affiliate links that support the channel (at no additional cost to you). Supporting Material and Blog Page: https://www.sensorsiot.org/ GitHub: https://github.com/sensorsiot My Patreon Page: https://www.patreon.com/AndreasSpiess Discord: https://discord.com/invite/JfgDSa8 If you want to support the channel, please use the links below to start your shopping. No additional charges for you, but I get a commission on your purchases to buy new stuff for the channel My Amazon.com shop: https://www.amazon.com/shop/andreasspiess For Banggood https://www.banggood.com/?p=E307071053245201501N For AliExpress: For AliExpress: bit.ly/3MtXUY8 (just go on from here to your product) For Amazon.de: https://www.amazon.de/gp/search?ie=UTF8&camp=1638&creative=6742&index=aps For Amazon UK: https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/search?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&index=aps For ebay.com: http://ebay.to/2DuYXBp https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser https://twitter.com/spiessa https://www.instructables.com/member/Andreas%20Spiess/ Please do not try to email me. This communication channel is reserved for my primary job As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases #no#midroll#ads

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