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4:15

22 июня в.по крепости был открыт артиллерийский огонь, заставший гарнизон врасплох. В результате были уничтожены склады, водопровод, прервана связь, нанесены крупные потери гарнизону. В начался штурм. Неожиданность атаки привела к тому, что единого скоординированного сопротивления гарнизон оказать не смог и был разбит на несколько отдельных очагов. Сильное сопротивление немцы встретили на Волынском и особенно на Кобринском укреплении, где дело дошло до штыковых атак.

7:00

К.22 июня некоторые подразделения 42-ой и 6-ой стрелковой дивизии смогли с боями покинуть крепость и г. Брест и с большими потерями передислоцироваться в пункты дислокации по тревоге, однако множеству военнослужащих этих дивизий так и не удалось выбраться из крепости. Именно они и продолжали сражаться в ней.

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эпоха времени

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беларусь

брест

брестская крепость

брестская крепость 22 июня 2021

брестская крепость фильм

великая отечественная

великая отечественная война

ВОВ

вторая мировая

победа

победа в вов

экскурсии

экспедиции

путешествия

путешествие

самостоятельные путешествия

историческиеместа

советский союз

россия

восточный форт

кобринское укрепление

брестская крепость герой

мемориальный комплекс

музей

храните память

слава героям вов

история

22 июня 1941

брестскаякрепость

восточныйфорт

00:00:02

[music]

00:00:17

hello dear viewers, I

00:00:20

am now on the territory of the Kobrin

00:00:21

fortification, the Brest fortress of eastern

00:00:24

forms, there is a museum here and next to

00:00:28

me is the head of the museum, Yana Vladimirovna,

00:00:30

who will give you a

00:00:33

short sightseeing tour on the

00:00:34

territory of the museum of eastern Ford,

00:00:36

hello, let’s determine and good day for the

00:00:39

first viewing, friends, let’s The

00:00:42

history of the Brest Fortress dates back

00:00:46

to the mid-19th century, when on the site of the

00:00:50

city of Brest-Litovsk it was

00:00:52

decided under Nicholas the first Russian

00:00:54

Emperor to build a fortress,

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the city was moved two kilometers

00:01:00

to the east, and in 1842,

00:01:04

using that natural island

00:01:07

that was formed by two

00:01:08

Mukhavets rivers and the Western Bug, in this very place,

00:01:12

on the site of a medieval city, a

00:01:14

fortress was erected which met all the

00:01:17

requirements of fortification of the 19th century, it

00:01:20

was first-class, the highest class of

00:01:21

fortresses in Russia, over time, of course, the

00:01:26

Brest fortress required

00:01:28

modernization, and in the 1860s it was

00:01:32

built on the territory of the Kobrin

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fortification, 2nd row then one of them is today

00:01:38

known under the name eastern

00:01:41

ford in the drawings of the 19th century it is designated

00:01:44

as a redoubt in the gosha of the third bastion of the

00:01:46

Kobrin fortification

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this is a very interesting object

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of fortification 2 earthen ramparts that are

00:01:55

built one inside the other in the form of a

00:01:57

horseshoe and

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casemates of the outer shaft on which there was a

00:02:03

casemate the ravana galleries

00:02:05

housed warehouses and stables, and in the

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casemates of the inner shaft the barracks in

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different historical periods ford

00:02:13

was used by

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parts of the imperial russian army and

00:02:18

from 1039 the brest fortress

00:02:21

was stationed by parts of the red army and

00:02:23

on the eve of the great patriotic war the

00:02:25

393rd separate

00:02:29

anti-aircraft artillery division was located in fartu the

00:02:31

training battery of the 98th separate

00:02:33

anti-tank artillery

00:02:34

division and the transport company of the 333rd

00:02:37

Infantry Regiment

00:02:39

on the eve of the Great Patriotic War,

00:02:42

many survivors recalled that the

00:02:44

non-aggression treaty, which was

00:02:47

signed back in 1139, this

00:02:50

agreement contributed to the fact that in the

00:02:52

fortress many many recalled

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that there would be no war, there was a peaceful life

00:02:58

and when at 4:15 local time from

00:03:02

June 21 to 22, a massive

00:03:04

artillery shelling began, many

00:03:06

recalled that they were even afraid for the

00:03:08

first minutes to think that a

00:03:10

war had begun, thunder, an earthquake exercise

00:03:13

exploded and an ammunition depot,

00:03:14

but not a war, that’s how

00:03:17

many of those who remained remembered

00:03:21

At the beginning of the war, there were parts of

00:03:25

individual units of the

00:03:27

28th Rifle Corps alive in the Brest Fortress, as well as

00:03:31

6 of the 42nd Rifle Divisions of the

00:03:34

Corps, and

00:03:36

many commanders had tasks on the eve of

00:03:39

the war to go to concentration points in

00:03:42

case of hostilities, so under this

00:03:45

powerful artillery shelling, the commanders who

00:03:47

found themselves in the fortress were that night

00:03:49

they tried to withdraw parts of the equipment of the people

00:03:53

directly from the Brest fortress,

00:03:55

these points from and meaning that

00:03:57

were located outside the

00:03:58

city of Brest, the

00:04:00

fortress was surrounded already within

00:04:02

nine o'clock in the morning and

00:04:05

out of the eight nine thousand who

00:04:07

were approximately in the fortress,

00:04:09

this family of commanders who lived

00:04:11

in a fortress of about 300 families of command

00:04:13

personnel, many of course tried to escape

00:04:16

from here and many died;

00:04:20

many managed to get out of the fortress

00:04:23

and they already took the first battle

00:04:25

directly behind the fortress in the area of the

00:04:27

city of Brest; those who remained surrounded by the

00:04:30

fortress tried to organize a defense

00:04:32

on the territory of the fortress; there were several

00:04:34

centers of defense, one of them the eastern

00:04:37

Ford which we are with is

00:04:39

the eastern Ford this fortification was called

00:04:42

exactly that by the enemy reports and

00:04:47

about 300 people

00:04:50

were able to get here approximately the

00:04:53

commander of those who lived in the city

00:04:56

one of them the commander of the transport company and the

00:04:59

333rd rifle regiment lieutenant markov

00:05:02

senior lieutenant shramko

00:05:05

battery commander anti-aircraft division

00:05:06

ford, many families of

00:05:10

commanders who lived near the

00:05:13

eastern fort were able to get here because ford had become a

00:05:16

more reliable place; many houses were

00:05:18

destroyed as a result of the

00:05:20

first shelling; many 7 commanders

00:05:22

died here; eastern ford was able to

00:05:24

get here; commanders, military personnel from

00:05:27

other defense sectors and luck to the senior

00:05:31

the rank was the commander of the 44th

00:05:33

Infantry Regiment, Major Gavrilov, his

00:05:35

photo we see in this room,

00:05:38

Major Gavrilov is an experienced commander, he was a

00:05:41

participant in the

00:05:42

Soviet-Finnish Civil War of 1140-39-40, and

00:05:48

he was able to organize the defense of the eastern

00:05:51

fart, because not all the fighters were from different

00:05:54

units and the fighters were separated several

00:05:58

detachments, each detachment occupied its own section of the

00:06:02

defense of the casemate inside its internal

00:06:05

outer rampart on the earthen ramparts,

00:06:08

machine guns were installed from the warehouse, the

00:06:13

soldiers took out a 4-barreled anti-aircraft gun

00:06:16

and thus a

00:06:19

powerful center of defense was turned into a powerful center of defense on the

00:06:21

territory of the Brest Fortress, the

00:06:24

fighters and commanders recalled that

00:06:27

party meetings were held more than once, the

00:06:30

fact is that the commanders tried

00:06:33

to find out the situation

00:06:35

if this war was necessary to break out

00:06:37

of the fortress and

00:06:39

or perhaps wait for their own, that is,

00:06:43

wait for help because in the area of the

00:06:45

city and the

00:06:47

city of Brest, to the north and south in the

00:06:49

city itself there were units of the 28th Rifle

00:06:53

Corps Western Special Military

00:06:54

District and therefore the commanders knew

00:06:57

that I still hoped that help would come,

00:06:59

but realizing that my front was moving

00:07:02

further and further, the commander

00:07:04

made several attempts

00:07:06

to escape from the fort, but unfortunately

00:07:08

these attempts were unsuccessful, many

00:07:11

died and many remained survivors

00:07:14

departed the eastern port again, luck

00:07:17

passed these races party meetings,

00:07:20

many soldiers recalled that they wrote

00:07:22

a statement and

00:07:24

for many it was a special day of life,

00:07:27

one of the servicemen,

00:07:29

senior sergeant

00:07:30

Fedor Domanov, wrote down the following lines,

00:07:32

Deputy Gavrilov we are talking about

00:07:34

political instructors of the 333rd Infantry Regiment

00:07:37

Skripniks announced to enroll who wish the

00:07:39

party members, we all took the paper as one, some

00:07:42

the newspaper, some the leaflets that the

00:07:44

Germans dropped, wrote an application to become party members, I

00:07:47

wrote on one of the leaflets, after

00:07:49

that we tried again to

00:07:51

sing the international for the last time, but this memory

00:07:53

is known that he was

00:07:55

unable to sing the international, someone then one of the fighters, Karin,

00:07:58

shouted that the fascists had gone on the attack and the

00:08:01

fighters had already taken the position of the windows and doors of the

00:08:07

Brest Fortress and were

00:08:09

afraid there were several centers of defense and the

00:08:12

military personnel who fought in the

00:08:14

eastern farth recalled that they were

00:08:16

trying to contact the citadel

00:08:20

on the territory of the citadel, we know that it

00:08:22

was also created defense headquarters, which

00:08:24

were headed by captain tooth chief and regimental

00:08:27

commissar fame, but the soldiers

00:08:30

from the memoirs know that they were

00:08:33

only able to get to the houses of the command staff on the

00:08:35

Cuban fortification and then there was no

00:08:37

opportunity to break into the citadel,

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so the eastern Ford was

00:08:42

unable to contact the servicemen who

00:08:44

fought on another island of the fortress

00:08:48

here in the fortress there were also

00:08:51

families of commanders in the eastern fart

00:08:54

there were also families of commanders and we

00:08:57

know about 25 people, the

00:08:59

fact is that we cannot name the exact

00:09:02

number of women and children by husband

00:09:04

because the women did not all know each

00:09:07

other, they were from different units and

00:09:10

unfortunately very few information from

00:09:13

memories, but those who remained alive and

00:09:17

left their memories, I

00:09:19

remember, they remembered that they

00:09:21

had to survive the eastern fart here,

00:09:23

they were in the casemates of the outer rampart

00:09:26

where there were stables with small children

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without food, practically without water, water

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was taken from dug holes and

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for decades There were horses in the stables,

00:09:39

so the water came out, but it

00:09:41

came out slowly and it had an

00:09:44

unpleasant smell and a yellowish tint,

00:09:46

but the doctors who were at the eastern

00:09:48

fort

00:09:49

remembered that it was antacids

00:09:53

that were a means of

00:09:55

disinfection, they poured this medicine,

00:10:00

this remedy into these holes dug and

00:10:02

thus tried

00:10:03

disinfect the water and

00:10:06

hand out spoonfuls to the wounded, women and children,

00:10:09

of course, literally from the first minutes of the war, luckily

00:10:12

there were a lot of wounded in the

00:10:15

casemates of the outer rampart, a hospital was created,

00:10:17

but this is not our understanding of

00:10:19

the hospital, it was just stables, a

00:10:23

small compartment where the horses were located,

00:10:28

which were released in the first days

00:10:30

because the place was getting smaller and

00:10:32

smaller, on the straw on the ground lay the wounded

00:10:36

and the doctors who found themselves here in the

00:10:38

eastern fort in the conditions of

00:10:40

hostilities with a shortage of medicines and

00:10:41

dressings tried to provide

00:10:44

assistance and, as the paramedic of the 95th

00:10:48

medical battalion recalled, Rice and

00:10:50

Bath Abakumov, which she headed in

00:10:51

hospital on the orders of Major Gavrilov,

00:10:54

she recalled that I so hope that

00:10:57

this is not a war, that now help will come and

00:10:59

people will be able to receive truly

00:11:01

worthwhile medical care, well, unfortunately, they

00:11:04

had to make do on their own and

00:11:07

many died, as she wrote, and

00:11:09

were buried right there in the neighboring casemates in

00:11:12

one of the halls of the exhibition, the defense of the

00:11:14

eastern fort,

00:11:15

the reconstruction of the hospital, we see

00:11:20

the reconstruction of the stables, it cost a collar,

00:11:24

medical personal items,

00:11:28

medical supplies,

00:11:29

this makes it possible to at least

00:11:32

feel imagine try to

00:11:34

imagine that in what conditions

00:11:36

the doctors tried to save the lives of the wounded, and

00:11:39

on the white canvases there are white symbols in

00:11:42

medical gowns with you we see

00:11:44

photographs of those who tried to save

00:11:48

lives

00:11:52

who ended up in the eastern fort, one of them was a

00:11:56

pupil of a musician of the platoon Volodya

00:11:58

Kozmin, the boy was

00:12:01

fifteen years old, he

00:12:03

met the war, he was a

00:12:07

pupil of a musician of which platoon in the barracks of the 44th Infantry Regiment and

00:12:11

as he wrote in his memoirs, I know one

00:12:13

road from the central island to the northern ones

00:12:16

the gate is the main exit gate from the

00:12:18

Brest fortress and how many ended up in the

00:12:22

eastern fort on June 22, 1941,

00:12:28

finding himself in the eastern fort as he

00:12:32

recalled, the soldiers gave him a bunch of grenades and

00:12:36

a rifle, but I didn’t manage to fight

00:12:39

for long, he wrote that an

00:12:42

elderly woman named after him came

00:12:45

I was embarrassed to ask, so I didn’t know

00:12:47

who she was after the war and she said that they’ll

00:12:50

get by here even without you, son, come

00:12:52

with me, so she was in the casemates of the

00:12:54

outer rampart where there was a hospital in the

00:12:56

hospital, he helped Russia’s Vanya

00:12:58

Abakumov take care of the wounded and are

00:13:01

betrayed in our exhibition lines from his

00:13:03

memoirs,

00:13:04

we made every effort to

00:13:06

distract and alleviate the suffering of the wounded, but we

00:13:09

were unable to save many and they

00:13:11

died before our eyes, some of them

00:13:14

and now in front of me one has his

00:13:15

lower jaw torn apart, the second

00:13:17

one has most of the skin 3 a shot in the

00:13:20

chest these memories remained with him

00:13:22

throughout his life, unfortunately this

00:13:25

year, on January 2, Vladin on Hamachi Kozmin,

00:13:28

one of the defenders of the Brest Fortress passed away,

00:13:32

but at the moment,

00:13:34

unfortunately, not a single defender of the Brest

00:13:36

Fortress is alive anymore. On April 20,

00:13:39

another one died in Moscow. a

00:13:42

musician from a platoon who took

00:13:43

part in the defense of the Brest Fortress,

00:13:46

Peter Kotelnikov, the

00:13:50

third hall of the exhibition, the defense of the eastern

00:13:53

fort, tells about the families of the commanders

00:13:55

who ended up in eastern luck,

00:13:58

unfortunately, in our funds, it was preserved

00:14:02

in the archives of the memorial,

00:14:04

the only photo of the

00:14:05

family of junior lieutenant Harry Vova

00:14:08

Faina Petrovna with children was preserved the rest couldn’t,

00:14:14

those who survived couldn’t

00:14:16

provide any photographs of

00:14:18

documents because everything burned down in the

00:14:20

Brest Fortress in the German

00:14:22

photographs we see just the

00:14:24

command staff’s houses after the shelling, Faina

00:14:29

Petrovna recalled that she and the children

00:14:32

were able to get here her husband’s Ford it was

00:14:35

that night from 21 to 22 she was not there for the

00:14:37

construction of a fortified area and

00:14:40

was able to get here, but she was

00:14:43

holding the girl in her arms, but the boy was running

00:14:45

nearby and when the eastern Ford came running, she

00:14:48

realized that we had lost our son, and

00:14:50

after the war she wrote that she had found

00:14:54

him on the tenth day of the war in one of the

00:14:58

kindergartens,

00:14:59

such a unique orphanage can be called where

00:15:02

lost

00:15:04

children were taken and this is probably one of the few

00:15:06

happy cases when a mother found

00:15:10

her child after such events,

00:15:11

such a situation, Faina Petrovna,

00:15:15

like many women was born in the mouth,

00:15:17

she remembered that the first day the

00:15:20

women succeeded when they found a primus, they even

00:15:23

managed to cook a bucket of porridge, but then the

00:15:26

fuel for the primus ran out, so

00:15:28

the opportunity to cook for children who did

00:15:30

not have at least some food was handed out dry dried

00:15:34

noodles, cod, crackers, and in

00:15:38

such conditions, but for children after all,

00:15:41

you can’t feed with cod and dry noodles, so

00:15:43

if there is a mention of the fact that the children died in

00:15:46

the fort and the elderly woman lit the names of

00:15:49

these people, we don’t know because I’ll say again

00:15:52

that not everyone knew each other, those

00:15:55

women who were here in the center of the

00:15:58

hall with a noisy skeleton at home as a symbol of a

00:16:02

reminder that in one moment you can

00:16:05

lose everything that is dear to you and even

00:16:08

the lives of your family and friends, finding yourself

00:16:12

inside among a photograph of the enemy

00:16:14

taken in the fortress in 1641, we

00:16:18

can at least try to

00:16:20

feel what they felt

00:16:23

then in the Brest Fortress

00:16:28

for the sake of salvation children, the command of the fort

00:16:32

decided on June 29 to rule the families of

00:16:36

women and children 7 and commanders in captivity

00:16:38

Faina Petrovna Griva, I wrote down these

00:16:41

lines after the war, we tied a

00:16:45

white rag to a stick and went out and closed you and yes, and

00:16:48

called, headed to the fortress gates,

00:16:49

we were immediately surrounded by the Germans, they

00:16:52

took photographs The wives of Soviet officers were shouting at us,

00:16:54

they were going to Berlin because

00:16:57

ours was really terrible, we

00:16:58

came running in only underwear for 7 days, we didn’t

00:17:01

comb our hair, we didn’t wash, we were hungry,

00:17:02

exhausted, after that we were

00:17:05

put in a truck and sent to the

00:17:07

city of Brest, one of the photographs in this

00:17:09

room was taken by one of the

00:17:12

Wehrmacht servicemen on June 29,

00:17:15

1941, she was dated as a woman,

00:17:19

children of the eastern fort on

00:17:20

June 29, 1941, you and I see women

00:17:25

dressed in military uniforms

00:17:27

here, fortune went to the uniform warehouse,

00:17:30

so when they came running here

00:17:32

practically in underwear and wore a

00:17:35

soldier's uniform and just at the moment when

00:17:38

they were being loaded into a truck,

00:17:41

one of the wives of the commanders who turned out to be in the

00:17:44

eastern fort and was also captured

00:17:47

on this very day, the wife of a junior lieutenant

00:17:51

under Kharenko, Daria Dmitrievna, she

00:17:54

recalled that when they were being transported in

00:17:56

the car, they thought that they were taking them to shoot them,

00:17:58

but through for some time the car

00:17:59

stopped and the

00:18:01

women and children were unloaded in one of the

00:18:05

buildings in the city of Brest, within the city of

00:18:07

Brest they closed it for the night without

00:18:09

explaining anything, and the

00:18:12

next morning they arrived and took all the

00:18:15

women out into the street and, as she wrote,

00:18:18

they put the first because she

00:18:20

It turned out that the senior call was on the uniform of

00:18:22

her husband, a lieutenant, and she wrote that

00:18:26

I was standing in my husband’s uniform behind a gas mask on

00:18:31

each side of a child and the third in

00:18:33

my arms and a painting that was painted by the

00:18:37

artist Margarita Piskareva in one hundred and

00:18:39

seventy-two, which

00:18:41

are exhibited in this room, the Madonna of Brest,

00:18:43

most likely everything that was written is exactly what

00:18:47

Dmitry handed over to me about Kharenko, we

00:18:49

see a woman in military uniform with children and

00:18:53

it is

00:18:54

dedicated to all women who had to

00:18:58

experience those difficulties,

00:19:01

probably not only in the Brest

00:19:03

Fortress I passed during the years of the Great

00:19:04

Patriotic War,

00:19:11

women, as she wrote, stood the Nazis

00:19:16

they looked at them, they were

00:19:18

surprised how long they and the children with

00:19:21

such small ones could be in

00:19:22

such conditions of the Brest Fortress,

00:19:25

they took photographs and then, taking

00:19:27

the gas masks, they pointed to the gate and said the

00:19:29

children of the womb wherever you want and the

00:19:31

women were released, but to go where

00:19:34

many remembered the same thing before redmi 3 pro

00:19:36

Kharenko recalled the fact that

00:19:40

somewhere it was necessary to get something to

00:19:42

feed the children and

00:19:44

one of the wives of

00:19:46

the commanders who lived in the city

00:19:48

let her in with the children, a

00:19:51

few days later they buried a little

00:19:53

girl, their daughter where redmi 3, who

00:19:55

was 11 months old, but it was very dangerous to stay

00:19:58

in the city because the city was

00:20:01

occupied, a population census was carried out

00:20:03

and Dori tried for a long time with two

00:20:06

children to walk from one village to

00:20:10

another village, it was very embarrassing to

00:20:12

beg, but somehow the children had to be

00:20:14

fed somewhere to spend the night, but now she

00:20:18

remained alive, she ended up in a

00:20:20

partisan detachment and lived until

00:20:23

the liberation of the city of Brest in the Brest region in

00:20:25

1644, all the years after the war she lived

00:20:29

in our city today

00:20:32

and the grave is located in one of the oldest

00:20:34

cemeteries in the city of Brest 3 Shimsky cemetery

00:20:38

and in the city of Minsk lives her daughter Daria

00:20:40

Dmitrievna, this girl who was

00:20:42

only three years old, Maria, you need to move she is

00:20:46

already over 80 years old, this is the only witness of

00:20:49

those events

00:20:51

here in our Brest fortress in the eastern

00:20:53

Fart, although in the city of Brest we also still

00:20:55

have several families of

00:20:57

commanders, these children

00:21:00

were of different ages, even the

00:21:03

youngest remember how

00:21:05

the war began, and even sweeping away at Kholinka very

00:21:08

often the Brest Fortress came for

00:21:10

her, it was a special place, a place where

00:21:12

she lost her family, lost her husband,

00:21:15

probably lost her love, her

00:21:19

happiness and of course the memories

00:21:21

left by her and other participants who

00:21:25

witnessed these events, they are

00:21:26

priceless today and visitors to our

00:21:29

exhibition have the opportunity to hear and

00:21:31

see these people to hear memories

00:21:34

of their small cinema in the next hall,

00:21:40

visitors to our exhibition have

00:21:42

the opportunity to see the defenders of the fortress in

00:21:45

the film Eastern Ford, which was filmed

00:21:47

in 1989, the film

00:21:52

was directed by Israel Petman, a Belarusian

00:21:54

film director, and now we

00:21:57

see the defender of the fort, Eastern Ford, but they do

00:22:01

n’t remember that he I had to

00:22:03

survive here one of those who

00:22:05

participated in the film was junior

00:22:08

sergeant Semenyuk district son fund sheep

00:22:10

he remembered the banner of the division and the

00:22:13

next hall where I invite you is

00:22:16

called loyalty to the banner the

00:22:20

banner is a symbol and relic of the

00:22:23

military unit represents its honor

00:22:26

valor military traditions for the loss of the

00:22:29

banner, the military unit was subject to

00:22:31

disbandment, so many

00:22:33

servicemen who found themselves in the

00:22:36

Brest Fortress and outside the defense

00:22:37

tried to do everything possible to

00:22:39

save the banners of their units and the

00:22:42

banner of the 393rd separate anti-aircraft

00:22:45

artillery division was in the

00:22:47

eastern fort at the

00:22:51

division headquarters and the headquarters was in the first hall,

00:22:54

this is the first hall today our exposition

00:22:56

and

00:22:57

the soldiers tried to escape with him and

00:23:00

sports, one of the servicemen, Private

00:23:04

Antonov, whose photographs we see in this

00:23:06

room, recalled that Major Gavrilov

00:23:09

ordered him to destroy the documents,

00:23:12

hide the banner, as he wrote in his

00:23:14

memoirs, the order, I carried out the

00:23:16

documents, burned them and hid the banner in the chimney,

00:23:18

but also another the shelling of the chimney was

00:23:22

broken and the banner had to be rewritten

00:23:23

again and in the last literally days and hours

00:23:27

of defense, realizing that

00:23:31

most likely there would be no help and the military personnel would either

00:23:33

die, the defenders of the fort would die

00:23:36

or be captured, another attempt was made

00:23:38

in the casemates of the outer rampart

00:23:41

where the stables were located in not gifts there are

00:23:44

wells, a pit of 50 centimeters was sent with

00:23:48

straw, then it was wrapped with us in a

00:23:51

tarpaulin cover, then

00:23:54

a bucket was covered and thus

00:23:58

this hole was covered with earth and covered with

00:24:01

straw, and

00:24:02

one of those who took part in

00:24:05

saving the banner was junior sergeant

00:24:07

Semenyuk Rodion, son of the HIV fund After the

00:24:11

Ford had already been captured by the enemy,

00:24:14

many soldiers were captured, including

00:24:17

Semenyuk,

00:24:19

having been captured in 1645, he returned to his

00:24:24

homeland and,

00:24:26

having heard the broadcast of the writer Smirnov about the

00:24:30

defense of the Brest Fortress, decided to go to

00:24:32

the military registration and enlistment office and

00:24:34

tell about what was happening at his place

00:24:37

of residence. that he was a participant in the

00:24:39

defense of the fortress and knew

00:24:42

where the anti-aircraft division was buried with us,

00:24:45

but as he recalled about the military registration and enlistment office, he

00:24:48

was greeted rather coldly

00:24:51

because the attitude towards prisoners of war

00:24:53

was ambiguous at that time, but

00:24:57

this idea of finding this banner did not

00:25:01

leave him and literally After some

00:25:03

time, he wrote a letter to Moscow to the

00:25:05

Main Political Directorate of

00:25:06

Defense Excellence, from where he received

00:25:10

an invitation to come to Moscow and then

00:25:12

permission to come to the Brest Fortress. On

00:25:16

September 27,

00:25:18

1956, being in the fortress for the

00:25:22

first time, as he recalled, I suddenly

00:25:25

felt this fear, what if I am the

00:25:28

banner I can find 41 years stood before

00:25:31

my eyes, but in the fifty-sixth the fortress

00:25:34

was already

00:25:36

partially dismantled and one casemate was

00:25:40

similar to the other and one casemate 2 and after

00:25:44

a while, when they had already indicated the place, they

00:25:48

began to dig and the shovel clinked metal,

00:25:51

then hope appeared and

00:25:53

indeed after some time at that time a

00:25:55

metal bucket appeared,

00:25:58

lifting it under it, a bundle in which

00:26:01

we found and in front of us in the

00:26:03

exposition the original banner of the 393rd

00:26:07

separate anti-aircraft artillery

00:26:08

division, today this banner is not only

00:26:12

probably the main exhibit of our

00:26:14

exposition, but also a relic of the entire

00:26:17

memorial

00:26:19

[music] On

00:26:22

June 29, 1941,

00:26:26

the enemy turned to the pilots for

00:26:28

help and a decision was made to

00:26:31

bomb the eastern fort, as a

00:26:36

participant in the defense of the eastern fort wrote separately from the Tatar military personnel, vertex Vershigora,

00:26:38

the Germans decided to end

00:26:41

our defense, they divided

00:26:44

white canvases on the rampart for better visibility from

00:26:46

the air, and when the first batch of enemy

00:26:49

aircraft

00:26:51

dropped a deadly load,

00:26:54

causing the enormous destruction of the veche, we

00:26:57

understood as he wrote that the end had come to

00:26:59

the defense and our lives, according to the

00:27:04

enemy’s report on this day, June 29, 1941,

00:27:11

23 500-kilogram aircraft were dropped on the eastern Ford during the day,

00:27:14

and one of them, an 1800-

00:27:17

kilogram model of which is presented

00:27:20

in the exhibition of this the life-

00:27:23

size hall is three and a half meters, the

00:27:27

radius of destruction is about 180 meters of this

00:27:31

bomb, and in the report it is written that a

00:27:34

bomb of 800 thousand kilograms hit the

00:27:38

corner of the rampart of the eastern fort from the explosion

00:27:41

which shook the earth, even in the city of

00:27:43

Brest, at first women and children were captured

00:27:46

and in the afternoon

00:27:48

389 people,

00:27:50

the major and the commissar were not found in this

00:27:54

room, photographs of the enemy were presented,

00:27:57

taken in 1041 after the

00:28:00

bombardment of the fort, we see Ford

00:28:04

equipment

00:28:15

[music] the

00:28:17

ends of the outer shaft are closed by a wall, and

00:28:21

in one of the photographs this

00:28:23

wall with gates with loopholes is clearly visible

00:28:26

embrasures that the enemy tried

00:28:28

to break the first second day, and only then

00:28:32

when part of

00:28:34

this particular wall was broken, the

00:28:37

enemy’s equipment could already go into the

00:28:40

courtyard and hit

00:28:41

directly while it’s winter there, the

00:28:43

internal rampart in which we are

00:28:45

located on

00:28:47

June 30, a planned action was planned

00:28:50

in as a result of which barrels

00:28:53

filled with fuel and lubricants

00:28:55

were planned to be dropped between the ramparts of the

00:28:58

eastern fort, but since the Ford

00:29:01

was captured by the enemy at the end of the day on June 29,

00:29:04

this action was canceled on

00:29:08

June 30, as written in the report, the

00:29:11

hard-to-reach casemate of the fort was

00:29:13

burned out with flamethrowers, wounded

00:29:18

and killed Red Army soldiers were carried out

00:29:21

Wehrmacht military personnel were issued cards for all

00:29:24

prisoners of war,

00:29:26

they are of different

00:29:29

types, and we have a

00:29:32

number of personal cards

00:29:36

for military personnel on display,

00:29:39

this is a consequence of, let’s say, the work

00:29:43

carried out by researchers, these

00:29:45

cards

00:29:48

were in the camps and after the

00:29:50

liberation of the Red Army camps on the

00:29:52

territory of Poland and Germany and in other

00:29:55

countries they were transported to the territory of the

00:29:58

Soviet Union and

00:30:00

stored in archives, and with the advent of

00:30:04

the Internet, all this information is now

00:30:06

digitized and researchers at the

00:30:08

memorial use such sites as the

00:30:11

official website of the Ministry of Defense,

00:30:13

how we share the area, the feat of the people, the memory of the

00:30:17

people and according to the recollections of the defenders of the

00:30:21

fortress post-war memories

00:30:23

of which very often contain only meager lines

00:30:25

about those who fought shoulder to shoulder,

00:30:29

today, gradually, we

00:30:33

still find the defenders of the fortress, in

00:30:36

particular the eastern fort, and our

00:30:39

exposition was opened last year on

00:30:42

July 3, during this time during this time they were

00:30:45

installed the fate of the

00:30:48

six defenders of the eastern fort, their

00:30:51

names were included,

00:30:53

approved by the defenders of the Brest

00:30:55

Fortress, as a result of work on

00:30:58

the exhibition, a list of defenders of the

00:31:02

eastern fort was created and our visitors can

00:31:05

today

00:31:07

independently

00:31:08

find information, see photographs and

00:31:12

documents and read the memories of

00:31:14

many;

00:31:16

in the floor display cases,

00:31:19

items that were found in different

00:31:22

years of the eastern fort, as

00:31:25

well

00:31:28

as during the repair work in 2019 2020,

00:31:34

the most interesting, if I may say so, is the

00:31:36

two barrels of the anti-aircraft guns,

00:31:40

which was the main striking

00:31:43

force of the eastern fort. Also presented is a

00:31:46

fragment of a preserved

00:31:50

gas mask from enemy reports and the

00:31:54

memories of the defenders of the fortress, it is

00:31:56

known that on June 26 the enemy

00:31:59

undertook the

00:32:04

use of smoke bombs that were

00:32:06

dropped between the ramparts in order to

00:32:10

break the resistance faster, but the presence of

00:32:14

gas masks saved the lives of many of those

00:32:17

who found themselves here in the eastern fort

00:32:24

[music]

00:32:36

exposition of the defense of the eastern fort

00:32:38

consists of a closed part of the exposition in

00:32:41

which we are located and an open part

00:32:43

parts of the exhibition to which I invite you

00:32:47

before us are the internal shaft of the eastern

00:32:50

fort,

00:32:51

3 embankments, the so-called ramps for

00:32:55

lifting artillery guns onto the shaft, and

00:33:00

on both sides of the central ramp, a

00:33:03

barracks for personnel has been preserved

00:33:08

at the ends of the internal shaft, 1 floor,

00:33:12

located well preserved to

00:33:14

this day, gunpowder cellars and

00:33:16

memories it is known that on the eve of the war they

00:33:19

contained a lens vault also

00:33:21

used as a warehouse

00:33:23

today one of the parts of the barracks here

00:33:28

is a closed part of the exhibition and

00:33:31

a little further there is an open part of

00:33:33

the exhibition has also been preserved today and

00:33:36

you can walk through one of the galleries in the

00:33:40

thickness and the earthen rampart here is the inner one

00:33:43

shaft is the so-called grade and along which it

00:33:45

was possible to move from the inner to the

00:33:48

casemates of the outer shaft and a little later we

00:33:51

will see but now I invite you to an

00:33:55

open exhibition where there are two

00:33:57

halls dedicated to the last defender of the

00:34:01

Brest Fortress, Major Gavrilov and the

00:34:03

soldiers who defended the eastern Ford

00:34:07

and remained alive

00:34:09

[music]

00:35:21

in one of the halls of the exhibition the defense of the

00:35:24

eastern fort there is a sculpture of

00:35:27

Pyotr Mikhailovich Gavrilov, the commander of the

00:35:29

eastern fort in June forty-one,

00:35:31

we see the figure of an elderly

00:35:34

man and

00:35:36

the sculpture was created from a photograph of

00:35:41

1975, his last visit to the Brest

00:35:45

Fortress, an elderly man arriving in the

00:35:47

fortress, of course, remembered that he

00:35:50

had to outlive his comrades in arms

00:35:52

and

00:35:53

his last last battle about what

00:35:57

happened to him already in the fortress we

00:36:01

call, we know from his memories in the

00:36:04

enemy’s report it was written that

00:36:07

the major was not found, Major Gavrila

00:36:10

recalled that when they cleared the Ford,

00:36:13

he was able to hide in one of the casemates of the

00:36:14

outer rampart and then escape from the

00:36:17

eastern fort and try to escape

00:36:20

from the fortress, but he did not succeed, he was

00:36:23

able to hide in one of the caponiers of the

00:36:26

outer rampart of the fortress not far from the

00:36:29

northern gate where the stables of the

00:36:30

125th rifle regiment were located.

00:36:34

a bunch of grenades two pistols one of them

00:36:37

was captured and

00:36:39

in one of the caponier’s casemates he

00:36:43

tried to hide and as he himself recalled, most

00:36:46

likely it was his groans that

00:36:48

attracted the attention of the enemy,

00:36:51

the last battle ensued and

00:36:54

Major Gavrilov was captured on July 23,

00:36:58

1941 on the thirty-second day of the war

00:37:02

when he was brought to the

00:37:04

River prisoner of war camp, this is one of the camps

00:37:07

that was created in the area of the city of

00:37:09

Brest, doctors recalled after the war and

00:37:12

that they brought him in extreme

00:37:13

exhaustion with an overgrown beard and

00:37:17

talent for drama, but they were able to get

00:37:20

him out and yes, since 1945 he was in

00:37:26

camps, then, having passed the test, he

00:37:29

was returned to the rank of major and sent to serve

00:37:32

further in the hands of a narrow region in the Irkutsk

00:37:35

region,

00:37:36

he was appointed head of one of the

00:37:39

camps where Japanese

00:37:40

prisoners of war were kept, but a year later in 1506 he

00:37:45

was transferred to the reserve and went to his

00:37:49

homeland and then lived in the city

00:37:51

Krasnodar and like many defenders of the

00:37:53

fortress, having

00:37:55

heard Smirnov’s broadcast that the

00:37:58

Brest Fortress was one of the places of

00:38:00

defense of the eastern Ford and there was a major

00:38:03

commander of the infantry unit of the commander of the

00:38:06

eastern fort, but unfortunately he

00:38:09

shot himself, so many

00:38:11

defenders of the fort recalled and

00:38:14

Major Gavrilov was able to hear the broadcast and

00:38:17

write a letter to Smirnov and when he was

00:38:20

invited to the fortress in 1056, there was

00:38:23

no doubt left; those who lived the

00:38:26

defenders of the fortress in the close city of

00:38:28

Brest were able to confirm that this was

00:38:31

that Major Gavrilov in 1057, he was

00:38:34

awarded the title of hero for both he was a hero of

00:38:37

the Soviet Union for the defense of the Brest

00:38:38

fortress more than once came here to the fortress

00:38:41

and dying in 1979 asked to be

00:38:46

buried not far from the fortress and

00:38:49

his last request was fulfilled he

00:38:52

was buried today his grave

00:38:54

is located in the garrison cemetery of the city of

00:38:56

Brest not far from the walls of the Brest

00:38:59

fortress

00:39:01

7th hall of the exhibition soldiers of war and peace and

00:39:05

we

00:39:08

in in the hall on the walls we see photographs of

00:39:11

different periods on one side,

00:39:13

photographs taken on the eve of the war

00:39:15

of military personnel who took part

00:39:18

in the defense of the eastern fort, they are still

00:39:20

young and, as the song says, they are still alive

00:39:23

and have no idea what

00:39:25

difficult trials await them ahead, the names of many,

00:39:28

unfortunately, are not indicated because we have

00:39:31

no information about these people; those who

00:39:33

remained alive could not remember the

00:39:36

rank and surname of these servicemen; on the

00:39:40

other hand, photographs taken

00:39:42

after the war are those who were lucky enough to

00:39:45

remain alive and thanks to whom we

00:39:48

know what happened in the

00:39:51

Brest Fortress and

00:39:53

one of the photographs was taken from the film

00:39:57

eastern ford which can be seen in

00:40:00

one of the halls of visitors to our

00:40:02

exhibition we can see junior

00:40:04

sergeant semenyuk who remembered the

00:40:06

banner of the divisions that were able to find it

00:40:10

15 years later we see lieutenant

00:40:13

markov he lost his sight after

00:40:16

the bombing of the fort and the company of

00:40:18

the film came to the shooting, accompanied by his daughter and

00:40:20

grandson, we see one of the youngest

00:40:24

defenders of the eastern fort, a

00:40:27

student of the musician from the platoon,

00:40:29

Vladimir upakovochek, treason to redmi 3

00:40:32

pro Kharenko, one of the women who

00:40:35

was in the eastern fort and lived

00:40:38

in our city of Brest, and private Makarov

00:40:41

in the case of the 333rd Infantry Regiment,

00:40:43

the defender of the eastern fort even worked in

00:40:46

our museum of the defense of the Brest Fortress

00:40:49

after the war

00:40:53

thanks to these people, when in their

00:40:55

memories we know exactly those who

00:40:59

died in Brest and died in captivity

00:41:04

without living up to May 9, one hundred and forty-

00:41:06

five,

00:41:08

many remembered also the main

00:41:11

striking force of the eastern fort

00:41:14

4 anti-aircraft installation, the

00:41:17

reconstruction of which is also installed

00:41:20

in this hall of our exposition,

00:41:27

this is a combat installation, yes, the fact is

00:41:31

that this reconstruction was made on the

00:41:34

basis of the

00:41:35

original fragments that

00:41:38

were found by the 50th Roman separate search

00:41:40

battalion in our eastern port as

00:41:43

a result of the excavations carried out here in

00:41:45

2015, we can see the original

00:41:49

frame with counterweights, the base itself is one of the

00:41:53

arrows of the anti-aircraft gun, two barrels of the

00:41:56

anti-aircraft gun, we saw in the floor

00:41:59

display case in this hall of our

00:42:01

exposition

00:42:04

how the servicemen of the anti-aircraft division recalled that the

00:42:08

anti-aircraft gun was in the warehouse and when it

00:42:12

were able to assemble, unfortunately, the

00:42:14

servicemen of the anti-aircraft division

00:42:15

ordered to use it because it

00:42:18

was still quite new and they were not

00:42:22

trained, and only the border guard

00:42:26

whose name not everyone knew was one of them, and in

00:42:28

case he remembered that his name seemed to be

00:42:30

Nikolai, it was the border guard who answered

00:42:33

what he might know device and

00:42:36

can use it and in this

00:42:38

way for several days,

00:42:40

practically without ceasing, he

00:42:45

used this anti-aircraft gun when repelling

00:42:47

enemy attacks.

00:42:51

We have an anti-aircraft gun installed from the

00:42:54

1131 model, fires 1200 rounds

00:42:58

per minute and

00:43:01

1600 meters,

00:43:03

others in length

00:43:06

and even

00:43:07

1400 in altitude, therefore, as

00:43:11

the military personnel recalled, it was even possible to shoot

00:43:13

low-flying planes

00:43:16

strafing, it is known from the enemy’s report

00:43:20

that back on June 27, the anti-aircraft installation

00:43:23

was located in the eastern port and

00:43:26

of course the enemy tried to knock it out of

00:43:29

action because it was located in

00:43:31

casemates located nearby, it was

00:43:33

these casemates that suffered the most for

00:43:37

the rest,

00:43:40

it is from here that the

00:43:43

inner courtyard of the inner horseshoes is very clearly visible, and you

00:43:45

and I, being here, can imagine

00:43:48

what the defenders of the fort saw then

00:43:51

during the defense of the fort in June of forty-one,

00:43:55

the enemy tried to break the wall that

00:43:58

closed just here, the

00:44:03

ends of the outer shaft closed in the place where the

00:44:09

fence is located today this is, let’s say, the opportunity to at least

00:44:13

designate the place where this wall was located,

00:44:17

that is, it turns out that the fence is not just an

00:44:21

obstacle as it looks like the letters m

00:44:26

especially as in well-aimed aerial photographs of the

00:44:29

photograph taken before the shooting,

00:44:32

it was carried out in exactly

00:44:35

this particular shape so that the opportunity

00:44:38

was let’s say, shelling, yes, and from

00:44:42

these photographs it was precisely

00:44:45

this wall that was made, because if

00:44:47

we needed to just block it

00:44:49

with a fence, they made it just straight, that is, in this

00:44:51

way, that is, this is

00:44:53

why this is then this is male in

00:44:56

one of the videos there is an opportunity to see

00:44:59

what shape this wall was, why it is

00:45:02

closed here because these

00:45:05

casemates received very severe

00:45:08

damage in 1941 and

00:45:10

today they are closed precisely because it is

00:45:13

quite dangerous to go there

00:45:15

too, but it is unlikely because they are

00:45:19

quite badly damaged in as a result of

00:45:21

the repair work that took place

00:45:24

just in 2015 2020, the sheet of gates by the

00:45:28

restorers were, let’s

00:45:30

say, rightly

00:45:33

forged, yes yes, but still

00:45:37

the danger of collapse exists and

00:45:39

today, therefore, entry there is prohibited

00:45:44

in order to get from the inner shaft to the

00:45:47

outer one into the casemates of the outer shaft

00:45:51

in the thickness of the earthen the shaft has

00:45:54

4 galleries built inside it, one of which in front of

00:45:57

us is the

00:45:59

so-called grade,

00:46:02

each grade I ended with caponiers,

00:46:05

this is a fortification from

00:46:06

which the opposite sides could fire,

00:46:08

but unfortunately the caponiers

00:46:12

have survived to this day, perhaps they

00:46:14

were destroyed even before the Great

00:46:16

Patriotic War because in the

00:46:18

German in photographs

00:46:21

without video footage they are no longer there,

00:46:25

most likely they were dismantled during the

00:46:27

period of deployment of the Red

00:46:30

Army here, each variety I ended not

00:46:33

only with a caponier and two exits with a

00:46:35

dry ditch, one of them we will

00:46:38

now go out

00:46:51

in front of us case matted and gallery

00:46:54

external shaft on the eve of the war 94 casemates have

00:46:59

survived today 81 because it was

00:47:05

part of the casemates that was destroyed after the

00:47:10

fall of an 1800 kg bomb into the corner of the

00:47:14

shaft; a

00:47:16

fragment of the crater

00:47:19

has been preserved to this day where it

00:47:22

ended up yes yes yes and now on the right

00:47:24

side with you is just a fragment of you

00:47:26

crater we we see, and on the left side you can even

00:47:29

see the brickwork, since this is the

00:47:33

end of each casemate, that is,

00:47:36

here you can continue to the

00:47:38

continuation of 13 casemates that

00:47:41

have survived to this day after the war

00:47:45

in Belarus, Brest were very much

00:47:48

destroyed and the bricks and fortresses were dismantled

00:47:51

for construction for how building

00:47:53

materials from bricks were used to build houses for a

00:47:55

pimple, so many of these

00:47:58

bricks were never taken out of here, but in

00:48:02

front of us, on the right side, is just

00:48:04

a fragment of a crater,

00:48:06

that is, it turns out that it got here and did not

00:48:10

destroy this part,

00:48:13

this part, to the

00:48:16

powder magazine it was preserved, it’s

00:48:19

original, it was preserved, mine was never

00:48:21

destroyed, yes, it hit exactly

00:48:23

this part, well, yes, they told me the

00:48:25

blast wave went on

00:48:28

both sides, and with my dear, that means yes,

00:48:31

these are these 13 barracks, but there

00:48:33

was another gate

00:48:37

exactly the entrance to the dry ditch on this side

00:48:40

the gate was broken in one of

00:48:43

the photographs there is a bomb that was also

00:48:45

photographed which did not explode

00:48:47

take not only 500 kilograms but

00:48:50

not at all but a funnel leg under the thickets of

00:48:53

leisure tender of course and leveled

00:48:55

most likely when all this was given

00:48:57

in order therefore, but the fact itself because

00:49:01

in order to be preserved in the problems

00:49:05

on the wall also in the real sign this is the place

00:49:10

where on September 27,

00:49:12

1956 the banner was found rescued by the

00:49:17

soldiers in June of the forty-first year the days

00:49:20

of defense

00:49:21

exactly in this for the winter yes yes yes

00:49:24

exactly in these in the casemates,

00:49:30

participant in the defense of the eastern fort,

00:49:32

Alexander Bereznyak, after the war, wrote down

00:49:35

the following lines in his memoirs. On

00:49:37

June 29, 1941, my battle journey was

00:49:41

over. For the first time, a terrible

00:49:44

ordeal began that I could never

00:49:46

imagine, the

00:49:47

abuse of man against man

00:49:49

before he was not captured; many defenders

00:49:53

who were captured in the eastern fort

00:49:56

died in concentration camps. and

00:49:59

between the ramparts of the eastern fort today

00:50:03

there is a real ozone in the last

00:50:05

meters we see a metal sculpture with

00:50:09

figures of fighters cut into it, two of them

00:50:12

help and support 3 and

00:50:17

this sculpture is in memory of those who, having

00:50:20

passed the last meters of their homeland, never

00:50:22

returned home, the names of the dead are on the signs

00:50:25

in captivity these are very young people

00:50:29

who have practically never seen life,

00:50:32

and after going through such difficult trials

00:50:35

they died in concentration camps. We see the

00:50:38

surname, name, date of life,

00:50:41

rank and name of the concentration camp, place of

00:50:44

death on my tour of the exhibition

00:50:47

defense of the eastern fort, I want to end with the

00:50:49

words of Konstantin Simonov and time

00:50:52

adds to the list who else is not there and

00:50:54

puts up obelisks, here is our

00:50:57

exposition of the defense of the eastern fort, it

00:50:59

was opened a year ago on July 3, somewhere

00:51:03

another obelisk in memory of the defenders of not

00:51:06

only the eastern fort but also the defender of the

00:51:08

entire Brest fortress

00:51:19

[music]

00:51:28

[music]

00:51:38

[ music]

00:51:48

[music]

00:51:58

and

00:52:01

[music]

00:52:05

she

00:52:10

[music]

00:52:12

friends the sightseeing tour to the

00:52:14

museum of the eastern fort que Kobrin

00:52:16

fortification of the Brest fortress is over, thank you

00:52:18

very much and not Vladimirovny,

00:52:21

be sure to come those who will be

00:52:23

here in Brest in the fortress, this is a

00:52:25

worthwhile excursion and what you will see

00:52:27

this is only a part of this is an overview of

00:52:31

the tour, you can be here

00:52:33

with a guide if you get there, then

00:52:36

Vladimir is

00:52:37

the head of the museum, an eastern Ford

00:52:40

colossal, you can tell stories when

00:52:43

again I am amazed by the knowledge that you

00:52:47

conveyed to me and, accordingly,

00:52:49

if you get there and not Vladimir it will be

00:52:53

generally super,

00:52:54

of course, today many of those who

00:52:56

come to us think that it was so

00:52:59

long ago and it seems like it won’t affect us, but

00:53:02

unfortunately it can affect everyone at

00:53:04

any moment and

00:53:05

working here the Brest Fortress and

00:53:08

you especially feel what war is like in general in

00:53:11

fact, when you read the

00:53:13

memoirs of people who experienced these

00:53:16

events and want to appeal to you,

00:53:19

appreciate the world, just appreciate life

00:53:22

every day of life because it

00:53:24

really is priceless and of

00:53:27

course, having visited the inset fortress here, I

00:53:30

think that many of you will visit

00:53:32

at least we will try to convey to

00:53:34

you what war is,

00:53:37

come to

00:53:39

love your homeland, be interested in the

00:53:42

history of your country, friends, keep your

00:53:44

memory until we meet

00:53:47

[music]

Description:

Брестская Крепость-Герой - Восточный Форт. История Кобринского укрепления во время ВОВ. Здравствуйте уважаемые зрители канала Эпоха Времени - Era of Time! Вашему вниманию моя октябрьская экспедиция в республике Беларусь посвящена посещению памятных мест, а также знакомству с очень интересными и важными людьми - историками, искусствоведами, музейными работниками. Сегодня речь пойдёт о истории Брестской Крепости-Героя и более детально в районе Кобринского укрепления, вы узнаете историю Восточного Форта во время начала Великой Отечественно войны. Находясь в октябре 2021 года я познакомился с удивительным человеком - заведующей музеем "Восточный Форт" - Гавриленко Инной Владимировной. И именно она расскажет для вас обзорную экскурсию по музею, который состоит из закрытой экспозиции - это внутри самого форта и также открытой экспозиции, которая находится на улице, во внутренней территории Восточного Форта. Канал Эпоха Времени - Era of Time выражает огромную благодарность Инне Владимировне за потрясающую экскурсию на территории Брестской Крепости. Небольшая историческая справка (Википедия): 22 июня в 4:15 по крепости был открыт артиллерийский огонь, заставший гарнизон врасплох. В результате были уничтожены склады, водопровод, прервана связь, нанесены крупные потери гарнизону. В 4:45 начался штурм. Неожиданность атаки привела к тому, что единого скоординированного сопротивления гарнизон оказать не смог и был разбит на несколько отдельных очагов. Сильное сопротивление немцы встретили на Волынском и особенно на Кобринском укреплении, где дело дошло до штыковых атак. К 7:00 22 июня некоторые подразделения 42-ой и 6-ой стрелковой дивизии смогли с боями покинуть крепость и г. Брест и с большими потерями передислоцироваться в пункты дислокации по тревоге, однако множеству военнослужащих этих дивизий так и не удалось выбраться из крепости. Именно они и продолжали сражаться в ней. К вечеру 24 июня немцы овладели Волынским и Тереспольским укреплением, а остатки гарнизона последнего, осознавая невозможность держаться, ночью переправились в Цитадель. Таким образом, оборона сосредоточилась в Кобринском укреплении и Цитадели. На Кобринском укреплении к этому времени все защитники (около 400 человек под командованием майора Петра Михайловича Гаврилова) сосредоточились в Восточном форте. Ежедневно защитникам крепости приходилось отбивать 7—8 атак, причём применялись огнемёты. 26 июня пал последний участок обороны Цитадели возле Трёхарочных ворот, 29 июня — Восточный форт. Организованная оборона крепости на этом закончилась — оставались лишь изолированные группы и одиночные бойцы. В общей сложности 6-7 тысяч человек попало в немецкий плен. Небольшая историческая справка Мемориальный комплекс "Брестская Крепость-Герой": Накануне Великой Отечественной войны здесь размещались части 6 и 42 стрелковых дивизий, 17 Краснознаменный пограничный отряд, 132 отдельный батальон конвойных войск НКВД, части окружного подчинения, военные госпитали, проживали семьи командного и начальствующего состава. С началом боевых действий 22 июня 1941 года Брестская крепость стала самым организованным участком обороны в районе г. Бреста. Находясь в окружении, испытывая острую нехватку боеприпасов, медикаментов, продовольствия и воды, воины Брестского гарнизона и члены их семей проявили исключительную стойкость и мужество. Организованная оборона Брестской крепости продолжалась до конца июня 1941 года. В июле 1941 года в крепости продолжали сопротивление воины-одиночки, последний из которых – майор П.М.Гаврилов – был пленен лишь на 32-й день войны – 23 июля 1941 года. В послевоенные годы оборона Брестской крепости в июне 1941 года стала символом героизма, верности присяге и любви к Родине. Указом Президиума Верховного Совета СССР 8 мая 1965 года ей было присвоено звание «Крепость-Герой». С 1968 года на территории крепости велось строительство мемориального комплекса, который был торжественно открыт 25 сентября 1971 года. Сегодня мемориальный комплекс «Брестская крепость-герой» является одним из наиболее узнаваемых и посещаемых туристических объектов Республики Беларусь. Здесь в едином комплексе объединены места боев, руины, сохранившиеся сооружения крепости и музейные экспозиции. Будучи построенной как военный объект, пережив пожары двух мировых войн, сегодня Брестская крепость остается местом памяти и мира. Одна из надписей в крепости гласит: «Я умираю, но не сдаюсь. Прощай, Родина. 20/VII-41». Друзья, приезжайте в Брестскую Крепость - почти память героев ВОВ. Приятного всем просмотра, любите свою Родину и Храните Память! Другие видео о Беларуси смотрите в комментариях. Большое спасибо заведующей музеем "Восточный Форт" Гавриленко Инне Владимировне! Официальный сайт Мемориального комплекса "Брестская Крепость-Герой" https://www.brest-fortress.by/ Мои соц. сети: В контакте https://vk.com/mimulkin Инстаграм https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser Фейсбук https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser

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