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Nano VNA
сопряжение контуров
входной контур
гетеродин
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00:00:01
Hello everyone, the
00:00:03
first part of the video with the same name
00:00:06
examined the pairing of the
00:00:08
heterodyne and input circuits at
00:00:11
one point, in this video the
00:00:15
technique of
00:00:16
voltage of the same circuits at points 2 and 3 was considered,
00:00:19
and some
00:00:22
problems associated with this setting were also considered,
00:00:27
now let’s do the fermentation at two points
00:00:29
of the formulas the image we have given above
00:00:33
or earlier using these formulas
00:00:37
1. Our voltage is 16 and 2
00:00:42
megahertz 2. conjugation is equal, according to the
00:00:47
same formula, to 12 and 6 megahertz and we also make a
00:00:51
small plate, here we have
00:00:54
the purity of one point in the input circuit
00:00:57
on the input circuit, but the purity of another
00:01:00
point is also at which input circuit,
00:01:04
but we have a heterodyne circuit, which means
00:01:07
we add 465 to this celandine we received
00:01:12
13,065 to this purity 16,200 we add 465
00:01:17
we received
00:01:20
16,665 with the help of such a plate, in my opinion it is
00:01:24
more convenient to make the adjustment, we
00:01:26
set it up at the beginning to the lower point
00:01:32
12600 we
00:01:34
start the setup by setting up the device,
00:01:37
turn on the device,
00:01:42
put regal 2 in this memory cell,
00:01:46
I have already calibrated the device to 10 and 7
00:01:49
megahertz, that is, it’s pure, it’s very
00:01:53
close to ours, we just need to slightly
00:01:57
adjust the beginning and end of the range,
00:02:00
stimulus display, let’s start at 11 and 5
00:02:04
megahertz and stop at 17 and 5 megahertz,
00:02:10
that is, now our range
00:02:12
completely covers the range of the receiver
00:02:15
now let's set up the sensitivity of the device
00:02:18
display on kyle gif
00:02:23
take 0
00:02:25
1 multiply by 1 for information the device
00:02:29
is now in the following mode
00:02:30
display format fashion resistance the device we
00:02:35
have set up
00:02:36
connect the communication loop to port number 1
00:02:46
so we have set up the device go to
00:02:49
setting up the receiver
00:02:53
point our cursor
00:02:57
to this part at 12600 we definitely
00:03:00
couldn’t set it up, it turns out 12
00:03:03
580 or she’s 12 640
00:03:09
12 580 the error is less and we leave
00:03:13
our cursor here
00:03:15
corresponds to this point of one
00:03:18
circuit
00:03:19
we set the input circuit with a variable
00:03:22
capacitor to this purity
00:03:27
en
00:03:29
we look and
00:03:30
change the capacitor to them and
00:03:34
here we are tuned in tuned to this
00:03:37
purity of 1 circuit is set to 12600,
00:03:42
now we tune the device to the
00:03:46
local oscillator frequency 13,065
00:03:49
13,060 it’s just worth it, we need
00:03:54
this circuit to be at this frequency,
00:03:57
we check that we have a small
00:04:01
circuit adjustment, we adjust the
00:04:04
local oscillator circuit,
00:04:08
so we set up the circuit and for the sake of how
00:04:11
once at this frequency, that is,
00:04:14
we have tuned this point, now
00:04:18
we rebuild the input circuit to a purity of
00:04:21
16200
00:04:24
and we rebuild our device to a purity of
00:04:28
16200, well, that’s also the closest to
00:04:32
16,180 our input circuit should be
00:04:36
tuned to this purity,
00:04:39
our task is to configure it as accurately as possible
00:04:44
or
00:04:46
configured input circuit
00:04:51
for 200 and
00:04:52
move the cursor or marker on our
00:04:55
device, set it to
00:04:57
16,665, the
00:05:00
closest purity is 16,660 and we need 16,665 of the
00:05:07
closest ones, we leave our heterodyne
00:05:11
circuit to be tuned to this
00:05:13
purity, we look, we have a small
00:05:16
deviation,
00:05:19
we remove this deviation no longer with inductance and we
00:05:25
remove the semi-variable capacitor with a capacitor,
00:05:29
so we completed
00:05:35
the soul of
00:05:37
the article with a capacitor, that is, at this point we
00:05:39
set it up, now we go to this
00:05:42
point again because we changed the parameters
00:05:46
of this circuit, since we connected
00:05:48
the capacitor, we changed
00:05:51
its parameters a little, we again set it to 12600 along the
00:05:56
input circuit
00:05:58
we can even notice on the scale that it is somewhere
00:06:01
approximately, we put the cursor again
00:06:03
at 12600, we prepared the device, we put
00:06:07
our cursor at
00:06:10
12,580, but this is the next 12,600 and we measure,
00:06:14
but how much our circuit is adjusted,
00:06:17
you see, our curve deviated a little
00:06:20
from our cursor, we adjust it
00:06:23
a little with a variable capacitor
00:06:25
capacitance, so we have set up our input
00:06:28
circuit to the purity we need,
00:06:31
that is, we have set up the input circuit
00:06:34
again to this purity,
00:06:36
we need to check what very
00:06:38
Saturn our local oscillator is designed for, we again
00:06:42
on our device put the cursor on 13 065
00:06:47
13 060 this is how it should be set up in
00:06:52
this point of the local oscillator circuit for
00:06:55
precise coupling,
00:06:56
so ours is a little
00:06:59
different because we previously twisted
00:07:01
the capacitor according to the urgent one, and now we again
00:07:04
adjust it to this frequency, so we
00:07:08
adjusted
00:07:10
the circuit again to this purity of precise
00:07:13
coupling, now we again move to the upper point
00:07:18
16200,
00:07:21
set here 16200
00:07:23
by we set up circuit 1 for this purity
00:07:28
somewhere here
00:07:33
inside,
00:07:36
we build it like this, that is, we have now
00:07:39
set up the input circuit for
00:07:43
purity 2 points, now
00:07:46
we move our cursor on the device
00:07:50
to purity
00:07:52
16,665 16,660 we look at the nearest frequency
00:08:04
and we have achieved fine tuning if
00:08:08
We don’t have such precise settings here,
00:08:11
we again had to connect a
00:08:13
semi-variable local oscillator capacitor
00:08:16
to the circuit to make such a
00:08:20
pairing,
00:08:21
then again you need to go
00:08:25
to this point and achieve the pairing here,
00:08:29
and that is, adjusting the literal
00:08:32
circuit like this, thus changing the
00:08:36
inductances by changing its capacitance of
00:08:39
the capacitor that bakes parallel to
00:08:42
the circuit, we achieve that at
00:08:47
these points we get complete conjugation,
00:08:49
that is, here it is to do several
00:08:52
iterations, it is
00:08:54
recommended to do them at least three, and
00:08:56
in an amicable way if you get an exact
00:08:59
image, but you need to do it
00:09:01
until it is not it will be and so we
00:09:05
looked, we made the voltage at two
00:09:08
points,
00:09:11
conjugate at three points, well, firstly, we
00:09:13
also use the formulas to select the points themselves,
00:09:17
the formulas are known, we substitute the values ​​of
00:09:20
our boundary values ​​of the range into these
00:09:23
formulas, we get the middle point, we get the
00:09:27
top point, we get the bottom point, you
00:09:30
also do it for convenience Here’s a
00:09:33
sign: 1 circuit at this very point and a heterodyne
00:09:38
circuit, we add each of these points
00:09:41
our intermediate frequency of
00:09:44
465 kilohertz
00:09:46
and we get the wind of individual points, we
00:09:48
begin tuning, we
00:09:50
begin tuning from the middle of the range,
00:09:53
we set the input circuit to the middle
00:09:57
frequency,
00:10:00
we set the device to 14 4 megahertz or the
00:10:05
closest to it number
00:10:11
[music] we have
00:10:12
now substituted the local
00:10:15
oscillator frequency on the device at point
00:10:18
14,865, the nearest point is 14,860, the
00:10:24
stand of the heterodyne circuit has been checked, we see
00:10:27
that there is a slight deviation,
00:10:29
we eliminate this deviation due to changes in the
00:10:33
inductance of the coil and tier-1 of the new
00:10:36
circuit,
00:10:40
here we are setting up the
00:10:42
cheese 1st circuit by changing the
00:10:45
Ilyukhin asti to this purity, now
00:10:48
we move to the lower point,
00:10:50
we set our device to a purity of 12 062, the
00:10:55
closest purity turned out to be
00:10:58
1200 40, setting up a march in 1 circuit to
00:11:02
this purity, first approximately in this
00:11:06
area, the input circuit is more accurately set according to the device,
00:11:10
now we
00:11:12
are setting up our device for purity 12500
00:11:16
27 megahertz the closest frequency is
00:11:21
12,520 megahertz we check the setting of the
00:11:25
heterodyne circuit
00:11:28
we see that our circuit frequency does not
00:11:32
coincide with our cursor we need to
00:11:35
move it to the low side for
00:11:40
this we must
00:11:43
change essentially increase the capacitance of the
00:11:46
scientist's capacitor in series and
00:11:50
change this capacitance achieve a
00:11:53
coincidence of the local
00:11:55
oscillator frequency, stop, which we
00:11:58
need, well, I won’t do this because
00:12:01
this is a long process in this nonsense, I have
00:12:04
already done this, we need to unsolder this
00:12:07
capacitor, select it according to its capacity, the essence is
00:12:09
different, what do we do next, let’s say
00:12:12
we set it up and at this point it
00:12:15
happened to us this is exactly the movement after that
00:12:19
we move to the high side we set
00:12:23
our device at 16,738 megahertz well, the
00:12:27
closest purity is
00:12:29
16,720 megahertz again we set our
00:12:35
input circuit to this frequency first
00:12:38
time approximately and if we have
00:12:42
a mark on the scale we can do it more
00:12:44
precisely almost exactly set a little bit, let's
00:12:48
build a variable capacitor,
00:12:50
so we have established the purity of
00:12:54
the input circuit at the top point, now
00:12:57
we need to set the device to purity at the
00:13:01
same point and the shooting range of the 1st circuit, that
00:13:03
is, you reach a frequency of 17,203 megahertz
00:13:07
and the purity is 17,200 we need
00:13:11
17,203 we check the local oscillator frequency of the
00:13:15
tour car, we look, it has gone
00:13:18
beyond the range, let’s slightly
00:13:20
increase the range on the high side, that
00:13:24
is, stop, and at 18 megahertz we
00:13:29
check again with the discrepancies between the cursor
00:13:33
and the contour at the top point, we
00:13:36
remove this discrepancy by adjusting the
00:13:40
trimming capacitor
00:13:42
connected in parallel so we have
00:13:46
now tuned our heterodyne circuit to this
00:13:49
purity, now we must return the
00:13:53
middle point again, put the middle of the
00:13:57
range along the input circuit, then
00:14:00
put the middle of the range along the Peter’s
00:14:04
marvelous circuit, and if we don’t have a
00:14:07
full load here,
00:14:08
adjust the local oscillator circuit at this point
00:14:11
according to the change inductance after
00:14:15
which we again move to the lower point,
00:14:18
set the frequency of the lower point along the
00:14:21
input circuit, adjust the input
00:14:24
circuit to this frequency, then set our
00:14:27
device to the purity of the lower point along the
00:14:30
local oscillator of the circuit and again look and
00:14:33
again look at its setting and if we have
00:14:37
this setting it will not to coincide, at the
00:14:40
bottom point we must change the capacitor
00:14:44
that is in series with us, and through
00:14:46
such an iteration, which lasts
00:14:49
quite a long time, we can precisely
00:14:52
pair our circuits at three points,
00:14:56
why this is a long process, because in
00:15:00
order for such a pairing to occur,
00:15:02
it is necessary that there be a completely defined
00:15:07
inductance of the coil a completely
00:15:10
definite capacitance of the capacitors
00:15:12
that is connected in parallel and a completely
00:15:15
definite capacitance of the capacitor
00:15:18
that is connected in series for
00:15:20
any values, just like that we wo
00:15:24
n’t get such a pairing or we will get it but
00:15:26
there will be a large discrepancy, a
00:15:29
small error at
00:15:31
other points will tell us this is how we select a
00:15:35
pairing at three points if our
00:15:38
range is what - we didn’t calculate our own and we didn’t calculate
00:15:41
these capacitors
00:15:44
which are in series and which with them
00:15:47
in parallel and we didn’t calculate the capacitance and didn’t
00:15:51
calculate the inductance of the
00:15:53
local oscillator coil, but in this way, experimentally using
00:15:56
such types and radios, we can
00:15:59
fine-
00:16:00
tune our local oscillator circuit and
00:16:04
make the connection exact at three points
00:16:09
after we have completed the movement of the
00:16:12
input and local oscillator circuits,
00:16:14
for example, with the help of this device we
00:16:17
need to check the work done, what do
00:16:20
we do for this, we make a sign like this,
00:16:24
check the voltage in it 5 columns point
00:16:28
number local oscillator frequency
00:16:31
megahertz input circuit frequency
00:16:35
megahertz Well, the Duke died, for
00:16:37
this case, this is the difference between the
00:16:41
frequency of the local oscillator or 4 input
00:16:43
circuit in kilohertz, and the
00:16:46
voltage error is the difference between this
00:16:49
delta or
00:16:51
465 kilohertz,
00:16:53
this is our intermediate frequency, this
00:16:56
difference will give us
00:16:59
coupling errors and we must make such 10
00:17:03
15 points across the entire range to
00:17:06
build a smooth curve, we begin our
00:17:09
work by
00:17:11
setting the input circuit to the beginning of
00:17:14
the range, so we set it and see what
00:17:19
frequency it is,
00:17:24
we got a frequency of
00:17:27
as much as 680 megahertz, write this
00:17:31
purity in this column, the frequency of the
00:17:34
input circuit is 11,680, we wrote 11,680
00:17:42
now without changing the
00:17:44
receiver settings, we check the purity of the local oscillators,
00:17:48
look at the local oscillator frequency 12,160
00:17:52
megahertz, write this down below, our
00:17:57
12,160, so we wrote down all our data in
00:18:01
our plate, which means the purity of the
00:18:04
1st circuit is 11,680 local oscillator frequency
00:18:09
12,160, we got a difference of
00:18:13
480 kilohertz, we took away this
00:18:17
error of your interface from this
00:18:19
value we subtract 465 we get 15
00:18:23
kilohertz 15 kilohertz is included in our
00:18:26
permissible value
00:18:28
we got this error
00:18:30
Well, I must say that in this error,
00:18:32
in addition to the errors of the interface itself in
00:18:35
the receiver, there will also be some
00:18:39
error in the device itself because we
00:18:41
could not take, for example, the purity reading
00:18:45
up to thousandths, we
00:18:48
only got the closest value up to
00:18:51
hundredths, that is, 12,160, and
00:18:54
perhaps we had
00:18:58
12,165, for example, the same thing in this case,
00:19:02
we have 11,680, or maybe here 81 or
00:19:08
79, that is, this includes not only ours
00:19:12
pairing error, but also some
00:19:14
error of the device, well, but this must be
00:19:16
taken into account in the work, then we must
00:19:20
rearrange our receiver a little according to the
00:19:22
range, we can do this completely by
00:19:26
accident, we can do this
00:19:29
purposefully, for example, after some
00:19:31
interval, so clean and again do the
00:19:35
same measurements again and record
00:19:38
these readings here and again get
00:19:40
this error, and then we can
00:19:44
look at the numbers themselves or plot
00:19:48
this error on a graph
00:19:51
and determine whether it is included in the permissible
00:19:53
values ​​or not, if it goes
00:19:55
beyond the permissible values, then we
00:19:58
must work again on setting up
00:20:01
the input heterodyne circuits,
00:20:05
and in conclusion, I would like to
00:20:07
talk a little about the problems that arise
00:20:11
when voltage circuits are applied to a new
00:20:15
local oscillator circuit in a circuit in order to
00:20:18
reduce all this interfacing work, it is
00:20:21
very advisable to strictly observe the
00:20:24
parameters of the circuits that are
00:20:26
provided for in the design of the receiver;
00:20:29
actions in the design are repeating
00:20:31
some kind of receiver then repeat such a
00:20:34
design in which all these parameters are
00:20:37
accurately calculated and tested because it is
00:20:42
not so easy to arbitrarily configure the heterodyne circuit in conjunction with the input one,
00:20:45
then you need to very strictly
00:20:48
observe the frequencies of the interfaces, the formula we
00:20:52
know is necessary to very strictly
00:20:54
observe and select the parameters of these
00:20:58
points according to well-known formulas, the tuning
00:21:01
error will also depend on this. What I
00:21:05
listed are
00:21:08
general problems related to tuning receivers with
00:21:13
any devices, but now let’s move on to
00:21:15
problems that are typical only for the
00:21:19
device. Newly, to some problems,
00:21:22
firstly, we have already seen that it is necessary to
00:21:25
precisely adjust the tuning frequency of the
00:21:27
device. frequencies that we need,
00:21:31
we simply cannot use this device, so
00:21:34
we need to configure the device at
00:21:37
17,203 kilohertz and the closest
00:21:41
value is 17,220, for example, just what does
00:21:45
such an inaccuracy lead to, it leads to the fact
00:21:48
that we will not always be able to accurately
00:21:51
tune the receiver, as you can see in this
00:21:54
point we must have complete pairing,
00:21:57
for example, 16 and
00:22:00
738 megahertz input circuit and 17,203
00:22:06
megahertz, the difference between them is exactly
00:22:10
465 kilohertz,
00:22:11
but when we configure with this device we
00:22:14
introduce errors into this number, we introduce
00:22:18
errors into this number because
00:22:20
we cannot accurately make 203 or make
00:22:23
exactly 738 and therefore the error
00:22:27
when tuning with this device may
00:22:29
increase; this is one problem associated with
00:22:31
this device; the second problem is
00:22:34
that if we have a
00:22:37
heterodyne circuit coil or cry output
00:22:40
coils are covered with screens, then of course in
00:22:43
this way, by turning on the device as
00:22:46
gear, we configure We won’t be able to use these circuits,
00:22:50
but if we use the device
00:22:51
constantly like the GKChP is like a
00:22:54
swing frequency generator, then we can adjust the counter,
00:22:58
but this is a very long process, we
00:23:00
need to connect to
00:23:02
these coils every time, that is, of course, this is a
00:23:05
longer process, more fashionable, and this is
00:23:08
also some problem associated with
00:23:11
this device, as we know, there is nothing
00:23:14
ideal in nature, therefore,
00:23:18
despite some shortcomings
00:23:21
with the raven, it was possible
00:23:24
and necessary to use it, including for pairing the
00:23:29
input and local oscillators of their circuits

Description:

Показана настройка сопряжения входного и гетеродинного контуров в двух и трёх точках с помощью прибора "Nano VNA". Показаны проблемы, возникающие при таком сопряжении.

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  • You can download a video to your smartphone using the website or the PWA application UDL Lite. It is also possible to send a download link via QR code using the UDL Helper extension.

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  • The most convenient way is to use the UDL Client program, which supports converting video to MP3 format. In some cases, MP3 can also be downloaded through the UDL Helper extension.

mobile menu iconHow can I save a frame from a video "Nano VNA. Сопрягаем контуры. Часть II"?mobile menu icon

  • This feature is available in the UDL Helper extension. Make sure that "Show the video snapshot button" is checked in the settings. A camera icon should appear in the lower right corner of the player to the left of the "Settings" icon. When you click on it, the current frame from the video will be saved to your computer in JPEG format.

mobile menu iconWhat's the price of all this stuff?mobile menu icon

  • It costs nothing. Our services are absolutely free for all users. There are no PRO subscriptions, no restrictions on the number or maximum length of downloaded videos.