Download "Грибы вредители и грибы паразиты, лекция миколога Михаила Вишневского, Москва, Аптекарский огород"
%3Aformat(webp)%2Fi.ytimg.com%252Fvi_webp%252FB-A5J7wP1UE%252Fmaxresdefault.webp&w=1139&q=75)
Please wait. We're preparing links for easy ad-free video watching and downloading.
Similar videos from our catalog
%3Aformat(webp)%2Fi.ytimg.com%252Fvi%252F3DcdDoqZq9E%252Fmaxresdefault.jpg&w=1139&q=75)
%3Aformat(webp)%2Fi.ytimg.com%252Fvi_webp%252F4P8FjQv2sMg%252Fmaxresdefault.webp&w=1139&q=75)
%3Aformat(webp)%2Fi.ytimg.com%252Fvi_webp%252F6mLuHE6XjcM%252Fmaxresdefault.webp&w=1139&q=75)
%3Aformat(webp)%2Fi.ytimg.com%252Fvi_webp%252F7ijORys7abg%252Fmaxresdefault.webp&w=1139&q=75)
%3Aformat(webp)%2Fi.ytimg.com%252Fvi%252F9qf9FA36j7k%252Fmaxresdefault.jpg&w=1139&q=75)
%3Aformat(webp)%2Fi.ytimg.com%252Fvi_webp%252Fi8Xvh054Pfc%252Fmaxresdefault.webp&w=1139&q=75)
%3Aformat(webp)%2Fi.ytimg.com%252Fvi_webp%252FilqslTnAlK8%252Fmaxresdefault.webp&w=1139&q=75)
%3Aformat(webp)%2Fi.ytimg.com%252Fvi_webp%252FjItK0I0wZEc%252Fmaxresdefault.webp&w=1139&q=75)
%3Aformat(webp)%2Fi.ytimg.com%252Fvi%252F4ttOJd4M-2o%252Fmaxresdefault.jpg&w=1139&q=75)
%3Aformat(webp)%2Fi.ytimg.com%252Fvi%252FnpwhWX0f2p4%252Fmaxresdefault.jpg&w=1139&q=75)
Video tags
Subtitles
Russian
00:00:02
How did mushrooms emerge as a kingdom of life?00:00:06
and I have to bring my own00:00:09
deepest respect to the audience00:00:11
those present at this lecture because00:00:13
I subjected myself to this terrible test00:00:16
the lecture was incredibly difficult, of course00:00:19
its simple 1 6 taking into account the fact that00:00:21
the audience tuned in00:00:23
popular science version but still00:00:25
people had to listen to the story00:00:27
the occurrence of fungi from the occurrence00:00:29
the moon and well, because it was the moon that created00:00:33
on our planet the conditions for the emergence00:00:35
life and end with modern days00:00:39
a brief mention of all the diversity00:00:41
mushrooms, we eventually came to the conclusion that00:00:44
mushrooms have been around for a long time00:00:46
from one and a half to maybe two s00:00:48
half a billion years ago00:00:50
simultaneously with the emergence of others00:00:53
bacterial and eukaryotic00:00:55
organisms, perhaps this happened00:00:57
repeatedly that is, when you appeared00:01:00
some mushrooms that turned out to be00:01:01
if unsuccessful they disappeared, mushrooms appeared00:01:04
new life forms evolve a lot00:01:06
it is diverse and parallel and already00:01:09
somewhere a billion years ago everything came together00:01:12
the main groups of mushrooms that we have00:01:14
now there are marsupials there00:01:16
basidiomycetes other compound words00:01:18
include more expensive approximately 240 25000:01:23
million years ago mushrooms looked like this00:01:25
what do they look like now00:01:26
that is, the principle is dad forward more or00:01:29
less dinosaurs on I'm already quite possible00:01:31
was thinking about fly agaric and aspen mushrooms00:01:33
chanterelle mushrooms and other00:01:35
I'm not even talking about all sorts of interesting things00:01:37
parasites like rust smut they are still spa00:01:40
travelers began their successful00:01:42
existence and so on00:01:44
Today00:01:46
we will touch upon this with you very much00:01:52
maybe even a difficult topic because00:01:54
that we will constantly talk about mushrooms00:01:57
in a negative connotation00:01:59
we'll talk about mushrooms that harm us00:02:04
in a variety of ways00:02:08
There are a variety of mushrooms that00:02:12
spoils our buildings, our clothes00:02:14
technique that is00:02:16
these are destructor mushrooms, look at this00:02:19
little screen but this is such a cool type of destruction00:02:22
of course many have encountered00:02:23
if not in a living tone the picture is like00:02:25
champignons are cracking the asphalt00:02:28
champignon this is asphalt this is real00:02:30
destruction although it's funny because00:02:32
in the end it all comes down to material things00:02:34
costs of public utilities00:02:36
reluctantly and of course yes but it is certain00:02:39
damage mushrooms look not only ours00:02:44
industry to our buildings and our00:02:47
household items but also our pets as00:02:50
domestic and grown in00:02:52
industrial complexes they attack00:02:55
our harvest they spoil our product and00:02:58
which are stored in refrigerators at home00:03:00
the bread box is under the plans, well, it’s not all mushrooms00:03:04
unfortunately, and the further it goes00:03:07
is happening00:03:08
they are attacking ourselves more actively and on a larger scale00:03:13
if let's say until mid-twenties00:03:16
century00:03:17
mushrooms and fungal diseases were00:03:19
quite exotic now it is00:03:22
mass phenomenon and degree of aggressiveness00:03:27
fungi as parasites and pathogens00:03:29
people increases every year00:03:31
Well now let's start slowly and00:03:35
we will try to take as a general outline00:03:40
the historical path of humanity00:03:43
I like to start from afar now will00:03:45
of course not the moon yes but we'll start around00:03:47
years since 100-200 thousand years ago when00:03:51
homo habilis began to be no longer only00:03:55
skillful but even less intelligent and00:03:57
began active construction of a home00:04:00
if we take the north, the crooks were building00:04:04
usually made of stones and bones, but whoever00:04:06
what did they get to, who lived where and who00:04:08
who hunted if it was the south then how00:04:11
usually it was either easy00:04:13
skins or wood wood beautiful00:04:17
The material is light and quite durable00:04:20
in the southern area it is natural that the first00:04:25
who noticed this were mushrooms 300:04:28
group of mushrooms00:04:29
some of them are wood eaters00:04:31
grasses and other rock eaters00:04:33
if such summer phages and fungi keratin and00:04:39
Phil and those who mastered singing hooves00:04:42
wool00:04:43
until the remains of the enemy’s skin and others are few00:04:46
nutrient substrates00:04:47
in the last lecture we came to the conclusion that00:04:51
the main food as well as the main allies for00:04:54
mushrooms are plants mushrooms came to land00:04:57
together with plants or met them00:05:00
came onto land with other mushrooms and00:05:03
together with them they formed the soil and then00:05:06
we have learned to live quite well with them00:05:09
together in symbiosis or parasitize on00:05:11
them or animals digest their remains00:05:13
cats are evolutionary00:05:16
the roads connected quite late and00:05:18
therefore, as a rule, mushrooms are preferred in00:05:21
one type of plant or another00:05:22
all these meats and horns, hooves and00:05:25
other nonsense they leave behind is bacteria00:05:27
worms and other consumers but00:05:30
several groups of fungi have adapted and00:05:33
this is quite poorly understood and young for00:05:37
mushroom food00:05:39
if you take wood, mushrooms are powerful00:05:45
herbs and are one of the main videos00:05:49
processors, for example, our forests if00:05:52
If only mushrooms would not process lignin00:05:54
mushrooms are the only ones in nature00:05:56
lignin utilizers they are completely00:05:58
bury yourself with your branches and00:06:00
leaves and trunks for about 20 years and00:06:05
living normal photosynthetic00:06:07
there would be practically no plants left00:06:09
so the mushrooms started with pleasure00:06:12
attack people's wooden buildings00:06:16
the most interesting group of mushrooms in this00:06:20
plan are house mushrooms anyone00:06:22
heard about house mushrooms and his00:06:26
scientific this is a cool thing yes it is00:06:29
so I wanted to show you started two00:06:31
funny pictures00:06:33
Schumpeter breaking Osvaldo that's if you00:06:36
Let's say you're going to the tropics, then there's no need00:06:38
take fashionable clothes with you, there are leather ones00:06:40
shoes expensive handbags yes because00:06:42
usually this happens with clothes right away00:06:45
such00:06:46
and, accordingly, rubber slippers00:06:48
synthetics of any kind have no other light00:06:50
meaning because you can break up00:06:52
the most expensive collection but00:06:56
look at this beauty00:06:59
the stove starts somewhere on the wall00:07:01
Yes, and that’s where the junction of the posts is00:07:04
the wettest place begins to grow00:07:07
house mushroom these are the ones to hold fuel00:07:11
I need these white things00:07:14
spreading mycelium, that is, mycelium00:07:16
By the way, house flu is flu00:07:18
a close relative of the trumpet mushrooms and00:07:20
respectively pig ears white and so on00:07:23
further active house mushrooms00:07:26
Wood destroyers are not particularly dangerous00:07:29
because they know how to get water for themselves from00:07:34
wood, it doesn't matter how good the tree is00:07:36
dried they only need one single moment00:07:39
the moment of entering the buildings and here and here00:07:42
humidity is important for them, but as soon as00:07:44
house mushroom found a wet area00:07:47
wood and developed the initial00:07:49
the mycelium further he begins00:07:50
it's great to feed yourself its name00:07:54
in Latin it sounds like sir paul lac le00:07:57
mans lacalut means crying because00:08:01
what can he do00:08:02
from one cubic meter let's say pine00:08:04
allocate up to 10 buckets of water00:08:07
it doesn't matter at all anymore00:08:09
how dry or dead the pine is or00:08:13
wet naturally look what00:08:17
it turns out by mastering a section of the wall mushroom00:08:22
quickly takes over the entire house or if00:08:25
for example, this is a bridge, it’s completely calm00:08:28
settling on the edge00:08:29
water and he began to master this00:08:33
part of your own and then the whole brain00:08:35
after this fruiting bodies are formed00:08:37
which look so beautiful00:08:41
amusing the one who looks like a tinder00:08:43
lying on the floor where why are you telling him00:08:45
property as well as how to navigate00:08:46
he can feel from above from below00:08:48
feel equally good00:08:50
it is especially dangerous because00:08:54
wood in the place he started00:08:56
there suddenly end it starts00:08:58
throw away like horror movies from co00:09:00
all these cool and other things00:09:02
long searching cords is such a pencil00:09:05
a thick plexus of mycelium is sufficient00:09:08
tough which is like a climber's trick00:09:10
climbs the overlap between them00:09:13
floors cling to any cracks on the window sill00:09:15
crawls anywhere and even if the building00:09:18
mostly fireplace but at the same time there00:09:20
with some kind of wooden floors or00:09:22
they will be found by supporting structures00:09:24
everyone and eventually master the mushroom completely00:09:27
the entire volume provided to him is approximately00:09:29
in the Middle Ages, people already understood that00:09:32
There is no point in fighting house mushrooms00:09:35
none and it’s better to light them00:09:37
the only one more or less successful00:09:41
an experiment in this regard took place in00:09:44
1868 in France00:09:46
when was the largest 80 built?00:09:51
cannon legates for that time and00:09:54
traditions before tied a bottle to a rope00:09:57
champagne pumped up released very much00:09:59
We were surprised when the bottle went all the way in00:10:01
into the ship and disappeared in it and when they began00:10:04
to investigate the reason it turned out that before00:10:07
after all, the sheep skin ate the lady00:10:09
shaved and now the poor ship pulled us out00:10:12
tatami took more than four years00:10:14
to completely change the skin and you00:10:17
install lighting was easy00:10:19
unthinkable given the costs incurred00:10:23
also a good example for those who will00:10:26
servers yes this is the Church of the Transfiguration00:10:30
in Kizhi first here00:10:34
you can see the unique method00:10:35
restoration of 2 2004 houses and mushroom00:10:39
devoured it almost completely so in 200400:10:42
restoration work began00:10:44
which with varying degrees of success because00:10:46
It is impossible to completely get rid of the fungus00:10:47
he returns in an unexpected way00:10:50
including disputes brought by hope00:10:52
workers lifting it like this00:10:55
piece by piece here it is00:10:57
metal scaffolding and and slowly me00:10:59
I forgot the log so look00:11:01
this story is already almost 15 years old and it00:11:04
house mushrooms will never end00:11:08
caused enormous damage to our00:11:10
railways if you take the northern00:11:15
way then for example two stations I of course00:11:19
I might confuse it, I'll remind you that it was00:11:21
Bystryanka and Gostskaya they were00:11:24
completely eaten by house mushrooms00:11:27
tried to rebuild but in the end how00:11:28
usually burned and rebuilt00:11:30
stone00:11:31
why do you think we are now on00:11:35
railways all pillars all00:11:39
platforms all sleepers00:11:41
it’s not because it’s concrete00:11:44
it’s better to say so for trains because00:11:47
wooden sleepers are much more alive00:11:49
movable breathable flexible and when composition00:11:53
walks along the rails where they lie00:11:55
suitably processed00:11:57
wooden sleepers are safer00:12:00
15 percent if not 20 percent than if00:12:02
he walks on concrete sleepers but ours00:12:05
the railways lost the fight against00:12:08
house mushrooms, that is, annually00:12:11
had to besides what he wanted 200:12:14
there are all sorts of mine-supporting platforms00:12:16
wooden pole designs every year00:12:19
along all our railway lines00:12:21
tens of thousands of sleepers were changed and00:12:24
over time they have learned to soak them00:12:26
creosote helped for 10-15 years00:12:28
then of course he learned from evolution00:12:30
creosote mushrooms adapt to what00:12:32
whatever, and in general, in the end it was a battle00:12:35
lost00:12:39
not only the buildings themselves but also the business00:12:43
fungi damage wood, you know what?00:12:46
this is what these things are like those who00:12:49
goes to the forest to look for a blue tint and these00:12:56
the things are called charisa morphs, they're black00:13:00
alien myceliums are very dense density00:13:03
is achieved due to the fact that they00:13:04
produce melanin which makes its way00:13:08
under the bark and grab the tree by00:13:10
tree when you come to the forest here00:13:12
you are one tree with honey agaric mod, another and you00:13:15
think these are different mushrooms00:13:16
nothing like it when honey fungus00:13:19
captures one tree, so black00:13:21
strands under the bark go down and pass00:13:23
underground they take over neighboring trees00:13:26
then the next explorers and in the end we00:13:29
we can get something like this00:13:31
reaches the age of 8 thousand years00:13:35
200-300 thousand hectares and total weight and and00:13:39
exceeds 50 plus volume this00:13:41
the only organism visible from00:13:43
space, that is, a forest that is completely00:13:45
captured such a thing we have in the state00:13:48
Oregon and accordingly the largest00:13:50
a living organism in the world is not at all00:13:53
blue whale and not just any squid, but this00:13:56
regular blue tint because blue00:13:58
you can't see a whale from space like this00:14:01
at least easily without special00:14:03
optics mushrooms such as autumn honey fungus and00:14:06
other mushrooms growing on wood00:14:09
actively live at the sawmill eat00:14:11
wood warehouses and so on and so on00:14:13
further, in general, they harm in every possible way00:14:15
ways here are matrices parity root00:14:19
sponge root sponge destroys sometimes00:14:22
up to 90 percent of landings, especially if00:14:25
are they pure fir trees or pure pine trees or00:14:26
pure birch trees00:14:28
any clean landings require00:14:30
active development of parasites therefore00:14:33
an example of one of the actively harmful fungi00:14:36
sometimes mushrooms cause harm by staining them00:14:39
you can see the wood here and it's blue00:14:41
color staining may occur on00:14:44
at any stage here is the dry wood that00:14:46
not yet cut down as a standing tree00:14:48
to almost finished products00:14:51
which go on sale00:14:53
staining00:14:55
was considered a big disaster until the Europeans00:14:57
designers friend didn't learn it00:14:59
they began to make it00:15:00
decorative pieces of furniture that00:15:03
built are incomparably more expensive than this00:15:06
could be in their natural form well00:15:10
the older generation should know this00:15:12
comrade maybe even if days I him00:15:17
I show you here as an example of what00:15:21
not only wood are my stones00:15:23
are destroyed by fungi00:15:26
if these are some kind of lichens, then that’s all00:15:29
it is clear whether lichens secrete ball00:15:32
acids are slowly immersed in the substrate00:15:34
slowly creeping apart but they don't00:15:36
destroy stones00:15:37
active, but there are such mushrooms, mushrooms00:15:40
Leta Phil and who highlighting their complex00:15:43
acids can destroy connective00:15:48
these are what they call solutions00:15:51
with which they cover the tab and even in00:15:55
France and Germany if the castles00:15:57
the ancient knight's was destroyed here00:16:00
such mushrooms that are here00:16:01
they just eat the familiar one00:16:04
statue here you go yes here they are crawling00:16:07
you can see it exactly like this in the bricks00:16:11
the same as all natural materials00:16:13
artificial ones that are now developed00:16:15
humanity is actively mastering00:16:18
mushrooms because mushrooms go very well with this00:16:20
prepared enzyme system can00:16:23
work with almost anyone00:16:25
materials invention of paper for00:16:27
humanity00:16:28
its value is difficult to overestimate, yes00:16:31
written recording of knowledge but because00:16:35
paper is cellulose00:16:36
respectively cellulose lithic fungi00:16:39
for them it is a wonderful food just like they like it00:16:41
they immediately attacked her, so00:16:43
libraries the biggest problem is00:16:46
the problem of preserving books and protecting them from00:16:50
mushrooms especially if there are00:16:53
fires after that and why is it terrible there00:16:55
scary things happen after this library00:16:58
stewed with water here's a damp page00:17:00
this is such a delicious food for mushrooms that00:17:03
there is still no solution found here00:17:06
how to do this as efficiently as possible00:17:09
the work suffers in the same way00:17:11
art, this is some kind of painting00:17:13
which the press bureau is spreading00:17:16
because initially there too00:17:17
basically everything was formed as food as00:17:19
the yolk and white were painted until00:17:22
some minerals some oils00:17:23
natural everything is great food for00:17:26
mushrooms and here you go modern00:17:30
materials rubber paints to all kinds of varnishes00:17:36
composite materials are all based00:17:38
mushrooms for a sweet soul and the more moist00:17:41
the setting of the topic is done more effectively and00:17:44
a wonderful case was more effective00:17:46
when everyone00:17:48
in some year the second in my opinion00:17:52
a large batch of tractors arrived in Belarus00:17:55
to Georgia and it was in mid-July it00:17:58
was the first time when Esther collided00:18:00
with added mushrooms00:18:03
[music]00:18:04
mechanisms since it took place00:18:07
traditional Soviet mess00:18:09
about half a month or even more00:18:11
rector who got together normally00:18:13
platforms under their own power they stood in00:18:16
waiting while at the local collective farm they00:18:18
everyone will not be assigned distributed and00:18:21
that's when long-distance machine operators finally00:18:23
got to tried to start them00:18:25
a deep fiasco awaited because except00:18:28
engine piece, nothing in response00:18:30
happened and when the engine was taken away00:18:33
we saw that all the rubber gaskets00:18:35
who were present there is nothing in it00:18:37
I don’t understand, but the words are rubber gaskets00:18:39
I remembered from my youth and I won’t do it00:18:42
quite old information so here I am00:18:44
this doesn't hold up to you they were all00:18:47
as if chewed, eaten away, sticky00:18:49
wet unpleasant this is such a bad thing00:18:51
Yes, sometimes you can get it out of the ground00:18:53
old tires, not that it’s luck, but here it is00:18:56
it happens sometimes and here she is00:18:58
these are the mucous bubbles with00:19:00
strange consistency just like that00:19:02
all the rubber gaskets looked inside00:19:04
these unfortunate tractors after that in00:19:07
Belarus began to develop mushroom00:19:09
antiseptics history went went were00:19:12
much more well it could be sooner00:19:14
they were even more fun00:19:15
sad cases because there are mushrooms00:19:18
which are successfully developing at the most00:19:20
strange actually you see this glass00:19:24
plastics crumble and lenses become cloudy00:19:27
are falling apart00:19:28
there are mushrooms that, due to their active00:19:32
hydrocarbon consumption is developing00:19:34
even on fuel and there were two cases when00:19:36
at the bottom there is a tank with kerosene00:19:39
yes yes people have developed accordingly00:19:43
mushrooms during the flight00:19:47
for they were turbines for00:19:50
Why is he being pulled into thin tubes?00:19:53
submissions00:19:54
accordingly they barely clogged00:19:56
plane crash on mushrooms' conscience00:19:59
we exist so in general it’s possible00:20:02
say let's move on to the next topic00:20:05
we figured out the mushroom build structures00:20:08
this is generally the smallest problem00:20:10
which we as humanity receive from00:20:14
mushrooms now let's look at00:20:17
group00:20:20
now let's look at the group00:20:22
fungi that attacks our plants00:20:26
I said to our plants but you00:20:29
you understand that these mushrooms are deep00:20:31
it doesn't matter because we are for them00:20:34
they are not very young yet00:20:36
figured out who's boss and they00:20:39
generally consider plants to be theirs completely00:20:41
no one cares whether it’s a watermelon or a cucumber or00:20:44
something some cactus in the desert00:20:47
why don't they care, it's for them00:20:50
natural and yes and they will be it00:20:52
do it because we did it with00:20:54
their point of view is always from the point of view00:20:59
harm, harmfulness of mushrooms and their00:21:03
relationships, well, we’ll still say to ours00:21:06
plants can consider options00:21:08
there is a fairly harmless situation like00:21:11
we see in the case of for example this clips00:21:13
Well, yes, some spots were taken out on it00:21:15
this form of the disease is called00:21:17
spotting basically tree00:21:20
preserves foliage and in general00:21:23
vitality yes she feels00:21:25
not very great but somehow00:21:27
lives if the mushroom has the worst cases00:21:32
when the mushroom takes over everything00:21:34
plants in the case of an animal or00:21:36
in humans we would say systemic mycosis00:21:38
it takes root and rises up00:21:40
stem and captures leaves and fruits or00:21:42
the seeds are no longer left for the plant00:21:45
no chance but even if00:21:50
the fungus attacks some part of the plant00:21:53
there could be harm for us people00:21:56
no less than if he destroyed it00:21:58
we'll take one in its entirety00:22:00
I won't scare the black leg of cabbage00:22:02
you with complex names and descriptions but00:22:04
if the fungus attacks at the base of the cabbage00:22:07
then it’s clear what happens next automatically00:22:09
everything else dies or rots00:22:12
for example, if for corn or wheat00:22:15
attacks smut mushroom smut then he00:22:19
the right only affects the seeds00:22:21
the stem and leaves and roots remain00:22:24
healthy but we perceive it as00:22:26
if all the plants died because00:22:29
ear of mead grain or ear of corn00:22:31
grains are the only thing00:22:32
is valuable to us and00:22:34
accordingly, the mushroom inflicts the same00:22:36
harm as if it destroyed the plant00:22:39
entirely00:22:43
look here00:22:45
thing, who are our gardeners?00:22:48
wonderfully called powdery mildew00:22:51
powdery mildew mainly Danochka what00:22:55
main types00:22:57
Let's just say we attack plants00:23:01
we can list00:23:02
these are all kinds of spots we have them00:23:05
seen mealy ones00:23:06
dew they are normal false and00:23:09
by all sorts of others it is expressed as00:23:12
the rule is such a white coating on the upper00:23:14
and the bottom or both sides of the leaves00:23:16
powdery mildew delivers enough00:23:19
trouble for gardeners they are great00:23:21
they see harm to you, gooseberries00:23:24
grapes, apple trees, but that's what they are00:23:28
diseases with which like which total00:23:30
only causes a lot of damage00:23:32
that is, they can be completely dealt with00:23:34
standard agrotechnical practices00:23:36
used00:23:38
chemistry and others00:23:41
traditional methods here is a smut00:23:43
wheat I want me said yes and plants00:23:46
they stand perfectly healthy, just a little00:23:48
They're starting to dry out, it's already September00:23:50
but you see00:23:52
all grains eventually turn black00:23:55
floating mass and harvest00:23:58
impossible another view was out00:24:00
it's us that doesn't exist, we'll repeat it again00:24:04
Powdery mildew spots of smut00:24:07
the main pests to our plants are here00:24:09
there were no courses for damage to the cob00:24:13
look at every grain, that's normal00:24:15
the grain turns into something like this00:24:17
a huge convex strange thing that00:24:21
when it ripens00:24:24
hardens, cracks and turns into00:24:27
some kind of raincoat mushroom00:24:29
from which whole clouds of blacks fly out00:24:32
sport but what's funny about corn00:24:35
first of all it's quite a thing00:24:36
medicinal when it is ripe and with00:24:39
from the Mexican point of view look at00:24:41
itself and quite tasty00:24:43
Few would have thought of us00:24:45
eat such a thing but I honestly tried00:24:48
I took a chance and broke one off this one00:24:51
fruiting bodies and ate imagine if in00:24:55
soup nyom add a little condensed milk00:24:56
stir it just a little and thoroughly00:25:00
and then he will like it00:25:02
the bubbliest corn smut in00:25:04
Mexico's national food00:25:07
what is the name of this thing that00:25:10
like pita folded in half over there and00:25:13
they stuff all kinds of corn and pepper in there00:25:16
Chile and these things go there too00:25:18
and it turns out from the point of view of the Mexicans00:25:20
amazingly delicious food00:25:24
spots can take on a variety of00:25:26
forms, for example, in some centuries00:25:29
bio and other correct stores like this00:25:31
apples will be sold00:25:33
mainly because you can see from it00:25:35
that these are real natural apples00:25:38
which are raised without that other 3 of them00:25:41
I eat everyone who wants to and we understand what it is00:25:43
It’s absolutely called organic now00:25:46
organic and yes but when is it in some00:25:50
small quantity00:25:52
These are the external manifestations in principle00:25:54
it's not scary although the appearance of the goods00:25:56
is already deteriorating and there may be commercial goods here00:25:58
losses precisely because the consumer00:26:01
I don't like the look, here's another one00:26:03
such an example of scab potato scab00:26:05
potatoes are not very harmful to the internal00:26:08
tuber contents00:26:09
but they are such brown things00:26:12
as external manifestations of the fungus they are complete00:26:15
reduce its commercial value while00:26:18
In principle, the harvest cannot be considered00:26:19
lost because apart from the position00:26:21
almost nothing suffers here already00:26:24
the worse situation is potato cancer00:26:28
proliferation00:26:29
they don’t bring it in the first place because well00:26:32
a normal club of ice on when it's already00:26:34
completely mastered by cancer then naturally00:26:37
part of biomass kharkov00:26:39
passes into part of the fungal biomass and so00:26:42
such a thing is already00:26:43
such a serious loss of goods00:26:45
kind of like me internal contents00:26:47
Well, in principle it’s possible since it’s the entrance00:26:50
and even then it won’t be very pleasant00:26:53
but at least it won't lead to anything00:26:55
why dangerous but here it is00:26:58
monstrous and the formation is already of course00:27:01
does not cause appetite all sorts of00:27:04
distortions with affected plants where00:27:06
they could easily call this thing00:27:08
called pine vertu and it starts everything00:27:12
this is such a harmless way00:27:14
rust mushroom but then unfortunately00:27:17
virtuon leads to drying out of branches and00:27:20
even the complete drying out of young trees00:27:23
and using the example of this vertu on00:27:24
you can see that some mushrooms00:27:27
especially rust and mushrooms they change like00:27:30
and some parasitic worms00:27:32
several owners of this very virtual00:27:35
begins to look like rust spots00:27:37
posted in Sydney and then in the summer in the spring on00:27:42
in autumn and in summer it flies to the pine tree and00:27:45
already causes this effect00:27:48
if 15 is very strong then they can00:27:52
lead to complete damage to the fetus and00:27:55
develop into rotten rot is very00:27:58
serious00:27:59
opponents of the agro-industrial complex00:28:02
even with our modern agricultural technology00:28:05
losses due to rot are approximately00:28:07
20-25 percent of the harvest because of rot00:28:10
constantly adapt to00:28:13
antimicrobial and other systemic00:28:15
eat fruits with a rot preparation00:28:21
fruits and vegetables and grain not only in the field00:28:24
constant work required00:28:27
sorting and rearranging the collected00:28:29
harvest in storage areas in progress00:28:32
logistics up to when delivering to factories or00:28:35
to the store and that is, it is continuous00:28:37
work and taking into account00:28:39
all modern trends are still 20 2500:28:41
percent is what the manufacturers00:28:43
lose this apple, she's another example00:28:47
the fact that mushrooms often do not work on their own00:28:49
for oneself and in alliance with insects00:28:51
this is such a wonderful beast00:28:53
long face he belongs to00:28:55
the family of verts is called beetle00:28:57
goose female beetle goose00:29:02
gnaws out of the one affected by this rot00:29:06
in Manila00:29:07
apple is a good piece of food this is a good piece00:29:11
food passes through her digestive tract00:29:13
path while the fungal spores remain00:29:15
alive after that she flies or00:29:18
fallen crawls onto the next apple00:29:20
naturally chews out the chamber of apples00:29:23
healthy and lays eggs and00:29:25
seals this hole with his pardons00:29:28
excrement that contains controversial00:29:30
Manila is not and accordingly they begin00:29:33
develop intensively and when from egg00:29:35
a larva emerges and such larvae emerge for new ones00:29:38
apples account for approximately 100 to 20000:29:40
they already00:29:44
hatch into an apple that is mastered and00:29:47
mushroom because the speed of development to me00:29:51
laziness and exceeds the rate of egg development00:29:53
and larvae, respectively00:29:56
mushroom to process apples this way00:30:00
so that the larvae can feed on it00:30:02
In healthy apples, larvae do not develop00:30:04
because the flu is being prepared for them00:30:06
Sahara00:30:07
the sound in turn transfers the mushroom to00:30:10
new apples00:30:11
we can still have many such examples00:30:14
Let's talk about this a little, well00:30:17
it turns out where all this came from why00:30:21
the further you go, the more pathogenic phyto00:30:25
pathogenic fungi attack our crops00:30:27
the fact is that the very fact of occurrence00:30:32
land actually changed our situation00:30:37
relationship with mushrooms00:30:39
plowing the soil that people started00:30:42
practice about 10 thousand years ago00:30:45
changed the composition of the fungal flora00:30:49
once upon a time when people collected everything in the wild00:30:53
form of soil were much more dense00:30:55
they were less oxygenated and they00:30:58
were more humid and, accordingly, everything00:31:02
those mushrooms that are now00:31:04
aggressive parasites then00:31:07
they existed as harmless rot00:31:10
slightly waited for the dying roots and00:31:13
slightly processed those fallen ones00:31:15
overlapping forest stems and00:31:18
accordingly the fruits that they00:31:19
got the supremacy at that moment00:31:22
carried basidiomycetes and fungi and bacteria00:31:25
but as soon as we broke the structure00:31:28
soil and, accordingly, moisture and and00:31:31
decreased aerated increased then00:31:34
basidiomycetes and bacteria00:31:36
immediately began to feel much better00:31:37
worse, but these nasty rot and in00:31:41
primarily marsupial fungi00:31:43
they categorically let loose00:31:45
felt the will and they from00:31:49
[music]00:31:52
let's say this, mostly00:31:55
brother of an even shape, that is, harmless00:31:58
rot and recyclers of the remains began00:32:01
turn into aggressive parasites00:32:03
this process took quite a long time and00:32:08
it reached its maximum at the moment when00:32:11
people began to obtain varieties and sow00:32:15
monocultures approximately see approximately00:32:18
60 percent of all plant crops00:32:21
constitute cereals and from cereals00:32:24
again about what's cool 6000:32:27
percent accounts for the total area00:32:30
by volume there are six types00:32:34
cereals what is it with us look wheat00:32:38
barley and rice and corn from two more00:32:43
more exotic are sorghum and00:32:45
African survey respectively00:32:47
having received such unimaginably even00:32:49
uniform mushroom plantations are enough00:32:52
quickly developed an adaptation to everyone00:32:56
these plants have enough now00:33:00
surprising but nevertheless that's all00:33:02
these six types of cereals have in common00:33:05
identical fungi pathogens not like00:33:08
some are sitting on the corn and some00:33:10
for wheat some for everything no everyone eats00:33:12
everyone and this happens despite GMOs00:33:15
and genetic mechanisms of protection and00:33:18
extremely unless that agricultural technology, chemistry and00:33:23
mass00:33:25
natural enemies that have begun are used00:33:28
mushrooms there00:33:29
mika parasites insects mushroom obvious then00:33:32
there is anything and what ways00:33:34
struggles do not have time for active00:33:36
evolving hits pathogens00:33:39
mushrooms taking into account globalization00:33:42
this situation often occurs00:33:45
that some one else is harmless00:33:48
against a fungus that has never been00:33:50
didn't touch anyone suddenly starts to lead00:33:53
behave like a completely beastly parasite00:33:55
and for this it is enough to go to him00:33:57
to the place where he lives from00:33:59
some distant far from better00:34:02
just brought from another continent00:34:04
new type of cultivated plants00:34:06
agricultural beginning you are here00:34:07
grow and then he suddenly shows00:34:10
its unexpected properties00:34:13
another option, for example, is when00:34:18
introduction account00:34:20
together with some plants into a new one00:34:22
the place falls00:34:23
its traditional fungus is a pathogen and it then00:34:28
attacks a defenseless local00:34:31
flora a vivid example is this picture for a long time00:34:34
hung we would have reached her00:34:35
this is rust and 5 coniferous pine trees rust00:34:41
drink and coniferous pines are a vivid example of this00:34:43
how do people get in00:34:46
in the host parasitic relationship that00:34:49
they're raking through it00:34:51
look around the middle of the past00:34:54
centuries in the eastern usa were very cool00:34:58
pine forests were cut down and it was decided to00:35:03
in principle it is normal to use forests and00:35:05
it was decided to restore everything00:35:07
numbers and in neighboring states began00:35:10
purchase pine seedlings and plant them00:35:14
some smart one let's say more00:35:17
some city held a wider00:35:21
cost estimate and realized that if for00:35:24
buy seedlings in Europe then it will be00:35:27
one and a half times cheaper and the batch is about00:35:30
several thousand pine seedlings00:35:32
European five needles of their pine trees were00:35:35
purchased and planted in some place already00:35:37
I don’t remember which eastern states00:35:40
about two years later the first ones appeared00:35:45
signs of this very bubbly00:35:47
rust00:35:48
5 coniferous pines and after about three more00:35:52
already six or seven states have been00:35:54
affected by this mushroom00:35:55
and a few years later from the east to00:35:58
West the rust has moved through everything00:36:00
pine forests and look what00:36:03
it turned out to be a wonderful picture00:36:06
it turned out that this was the case when we00:36:09
looked at the pine vertu00:36:10
and it turned out that aspen00:36:13
intermediate host of this pine00:36:15
rust00:36:16
is currant respectively if00:36:19
smart people sewed the currants to destroy00:36:21
the date will be00:36:24
and the pine trees are good for just00:36:26
several years more than00:36:28
half a billion currant bushes can00:36:31
imagine what it's like00:36:33
temporary financial salary there00:36:35
pays dollars by the way, what is it?00:36:37
such from a cost perspective00:36:41
of course it didn't help because00:36:44
I wrote it here00:36:47
for those who see unlike me on00:36:50
one square centimeter00:36:53
green leaf of this very currant00:36:55
more than 4 million spores are formed for00:36:58
How many times does it take to infect one pine tree?00:37:01
need sport 100:37:03
so even completely by chance there00:37:06
some tiny 3 5 leaves you and00:37:08
tiny remaining currant bushes00:37:11
not uprooted and they were completely00:37:14
enough to print and00:37:16
continued to develop00:37:18
decided to look for pesticides00:37:23
pine forests of airplanes are natural00:37:26
didn't help because it's in progress00:37:27
Spraying revealed that it was rust00:37:31
I'm dying with David Reilly successfully00:37:34
is stored in the center of the trunk and when00:37:36
pine more or less comes to its senses00:37:38
she climbs out and completes her00:37:41
it finally came down to the fact that the trees00:37:45
they just started cutting it down and it was cut down00:37:49
more than a million million 200 thousand00:37:51
trees you can imagine what it is00:37:54
I can't imagine this if00:37:56
these costs are simply colossal00:37:58
here is an example of saving up to when one and a half00:38:03
times before the batch of seedlings and and in the end00:38:05
long-term struggle but this is not the only thing00:38:10
example happens and now just a few words00:38:14
about gmos, in fact, this is even more so00:38:16
or less next lecture because I00:38:18
I'll try to avoid the topic now00:38:20
mushroom poisoning about poisoning we00:38:22
we'll talk next time but how00:38:24
a wonderful example is corn before00:38:27
kuru for an excellent fodder plant in00:38:30
she has a lot of proteins but she has one00:38:32
the disadvantage is that I have practically no tires00:38:34
near essential amino acid so here it is00:38:38
in the states withdrew from the united states00:38:41
America00:38:42
they brought out a highly rubber grade, that is00:38:46
they just built there, well, like now00:38:48
taken into the DNA molecule several00:38:51
blocks from which are responsible for increased00:38:54
lysine synthesis everything was fine00:38:56
first few years and then local00:38:59
a mushroom called fusarium is here00:39:01
this is the kind of mold that we have now00:39:04
radio and TV every year00:39:05
they start talking about drunken bread00:39:08
just here it is fusarium00:39:10
we'll talk about it in the next lecture00:39:13
fell on this high rubber00:39:16
sort of because he understood what it was00:39:18
awesome thing he hasn't found yet00:39:20
imagine substrates that were rich in lyse00:39:23
to us and here on you and accordingly everything00:39:25
these many millions of hectares are even00:39:28
there's no need to even think about it00:39:30
as much as you can imagine00:39:33
this is the entire south central belt of America00:39:35
well deserved corn it was high00:39:38
rubber belt accordingly00:39:40
300 million pigs died because00:39:44
ugh the dawn of toxins that this one releases00:39:46
mushroom got into them00:39:48
This is a complete destruction of the crop00:39:51
years in a row so you understand00:39:53
for example in 197000:39:56
net loss of one and a half billion dollars00:39:58
farmers plus ruin00:40:01
farms and so on00:40:03
further all our experiments with nature00:40:05
all our games with parasites are00:40:09
at best turn out to be huge00:40:12
economic damage00:40:14
now let's talk about those mushrooms00:40:17
which really00:40:19
brought us colossal damage00:40:22
people to humanity and even in some00:40:24
cases caused not only massive00:40:27
death but also resettlement of entire peoples00:40:30
here we see so far I have removed a little00:40:34
another picture where everything will be like this00:40:36
there are many of these stems and on them00:40:39
a lot of stains but if you look at this00:40:42
reminds me of a painting by Carlson, what's that about00:40:45
rooster that was my favorite rooster yes00:40:48
when in the bottom on a blank sheet in the bottom00:40:51
a little fox was drawn in the corner00:40:53
this picture was called my favorite rooster00:40:56
because she ate it information00:40:58
It’s hard to draw any conclusions, this is it00:41:01
the thin stalk is a stalk of wheat and00:41:03
there are these spots on it00:41:04
these are stem rust and wheat stains00:41:08
wheat stem rust aggressive00:41:11
a parasite that chases a marten with00:41:14
the moment of development by both humanity and this00:41:17
first00:41:18
and maybe even the only one of the mushrooms00:41:20
who is mentioned in the bible among all00:41:23
other curses there are locusts pestilence00:41:25
wars and so on, here's rust and it00:41:28
it's called by its name00:41:30
it could even be rust00:41:32
the only mushroom mentioned in00:41:35
Bibles since ancient times00:41:37
Rome00:41:38
rust00:41:40
due to the hilly terrain the centers00:41:43
empire was a serious problem and00:41:45
especially all the depressions are not up to the relief00:41:48
were attacked00:41:49
rust was even invented by god or00:41:54
goddess in different places in different ways rabiga00:41:57
or shy him on April 25th00:42:01
corresponding holidays called00:42:03
ru ran00:42:04
properly trained priests brought00:42:06
the sacrifice was goats00:42:08
dogs or sheep the common people could not00:42:12
afford such entertainment therefore00:42:14
to appease Ira I run the evil goddess00:42:17
or [ __ ] were burned alive in a fire00:42:21
or live toads in pots for an indicator00:42:23
dug into the corners of the field but we00:42:25
We understand that this did not help much00:42:27
because it was not clear where00:42:30
rust appears and it wasn't00:42:33
It's clear00:42:34
you won't believe it for almost two00:42:36
thousand more years00:42:40
in the 17th and 18th centuries when mycology was already00:42:43
has begun to take shape as a science00:42:46
I thought the rust side was this shape00:42:49
plant diseases when painful00:42:52
juices secrete out and darken00:42:54
brown and like this00:42:57
appear in the form of this country00:42:58
rust, that is, rust is not the reason00:43:00
illness consequences let alone the fact that these are games00:43:03
no one guessed the growth project however00:43:08
first00:43:09
I had an epiphany, here's what to call it00:43:13
I don’t know the address yet Christy that’s who00:43:16
engaged in farming in Europe with us these00:43:19
it’s not serious to call it peasants00:43:21
farmers are also not from there, farmers00:43:24
let them be farmers farmers00:43:27
Europe paid attention to what if00:43:32
wheat fields is located next to Barbara00:43:35
this very thing appears on them00:43:39
by clicking china00:43:40
from the middle to about the end00:43:43
nineteenth century to this day throughout00:43:46
Europe is rolling with judicial rust and00:43:48
processes00:43:49
peasants all I can’t change myself00:43:52
just like I still haven’t learned it myself00:43:55
leningrad call st. petersburg he to00:43:57
Leningrad for you and that's it00:43:59
it doesn't hurt to be wrong in every way00:44:02
Here rust and processes roll in00:44:07
based on observations of peasants00:44:10
apply for loans and sue00:44:13
landowners they are not landowners distant00:44:15
in European they are called differently00:44:19
judges judges do what they do00:44:21
do and now they are turning to00:44:23
experts and you guys say experts00:44:25
What00:44:26
but this is complete nonsense and this is exceptional00:44:28
popular speculation that there is something there00:44:30
barberry was crawling onto something somewhere00:44:32
but the disaster itself is completely unthinkable00:44:34
starts when at the end of the nineteenth00:44:36
century, barberry comes into fashion00:44:39
let's place the estates begin to actively00:44:41
plant, form from it all sorts of00:44:43
so beautiful and smell great00:44:46
sculptural plant compositions00:44:50
it ended then more or less00:44:53
when in Denmark there was such a current only00:44:57
thanks to this he became famous00:44:59
some judge of that place00:45:00
who saw that00:45:04
this means local farmers are starting00:45:06
harm barberry little by little00:45:08
are laid in the estate because00:45:10
I cut along the edges of forests like that00:45:12
cut down he took out the protection company00:45:15
this wonderful shrub00:45:16
how his people didn't beg they talk about00:45:19
miss he will be a man well you saw that00:45:22
we already have almost no plots there he00:45:25
did that he bought barberries from all over00:45:28
area accessible to him and landed at00:45:30
yourself in the garden and around your estate and00:45:32
accordingly all00:45:35
areas sown with wheat that were00:45:37
they are around his estate every year00:45:39
almost completely destroyed00:45:41
rust was a lawsuit that00:45:45
ended like all other trials00:45:47
processes experts confirmed that such00:45:50
no one can even imagine nonsense00:45:52
introduce00:45:53
therefore the poor farmers were00:45:55
forced to wait for the death of the judge after00:45:57
this is why they planted the estate and cut down the entire00:45:59
barberry that's the deal it seems00:46:03
it's more or less worked out and fortunately it's00:46:04
coincided with the fact that French00:46:08
famous00:46:10
mycologist Dibari and ours no less00:46:13
famous Mekong mycologist Mikhail00:46:15
Voronin which confirmed that yes how is it00:46:18
not amazing but rust in the spring00:46:21
begins its development on the leaves00:46:23
barberry00:46:24
looks like this is cool00:46:27
a speck that developed in the summer00:46:30
spores on barberry fly to wheat00:46:33
and infects her but it still took00:46:37
almost thirty more years to00:46:38
legislatively throughout Europe00:46:41
prohibit planting barberries in your area00:46:44
as an ornamental shrub only00:46:46
so there was more or less rust00:46:49
defeated00:46:52
next stories related to rust00:46:54
she's even more funnier00:46:58
national drink of england okay so00:47:06
and instructions on the ball, wife, tea, tea, right?00:47:14
I'm so preoccupied with alcohol00:47:16
the audience had such a night of tea00:47:21
the national drink of the British is far from00:47:23
always, surprisingly, but first00:47:26
The national drink of the British was coffee00:47:28
although almost no one remembers about it anymore00:47:33
coffee play steve thought I remembered00:47:37
about China silks and these, how much for00:47:41
This silkworm means coffee culture00:47:45
mastered by the Arabs about a thousand years ago00:47:48
it was a long time ago and00:47:51
center original center00:47:54
coffee growing was Ethiopia that is00:47:57
Africa and from Ethiopia coffee was transferred to00:48:03
like this thing with Persian00:48:05
bay00:48:06
Arabian Peninsula well that's it00:48:10
it was moved there but00:48:14
there were no varieties there were no industrial ones00:48:16
The coffee plantings are quite sculptural00:48:18
located in the area along with00:48:20
alternating with other trees, that is, this00:48:23
there were such semi-wild plantations let's say so later00:48:27
a few hundred years later the Arabs established00:48:29
monopoly on coffee and they raised money00:48:33
incredible amount of natural coffee00:48:36
I slowly got there first to Italy00:48:38
then to Spain I eventually got to00:48:40
England cost absolutely crazy money00:48:42
but the Arabs firmly held the monopoly however00:48:46
This is what I remembered about China 200 years ago00:48:49
back during the Hajj to Mecca00:48:54
Hindu in our opinion from India Muslim00:48:58
Muslim whose name was rare00:49:00
Muslim name Muslim taken to00:49:04
bamboo staff naturally 7 well there00:49:07
no one thought for sure it could be them00:49:09
there were 5 or maybe three or ten00:49:11
coffee beans00:49:13
brought them alive to India just like that00:49:16
the Byzantine merchants were in the staff and00:49:18
the great silk road once00:49:20
but probably also brought a 7th doll00:49:22
link prev after this monopoly of china00:49:25
found it collapsed after a short time00:49:29
there were grains, it is important that there were few of them00:49:34
remember that these grains were few if00:49:37
If only he had brought a bag from there00:49:39
wondering if it could be different00:49:41
would have been landed in India00:49:45
continental but in general not bad00:49:48
didn't mention coffee00:49:50
soil climate and everything that didn't happen to you00:49:53
and then it was decided to transfer coffee00:49:57
or rather, the fruits of these first ones, let’s say 700:50:00
trees to Sri Lanka which then00:50:02
was called Ceylon am Ceylon as00:50:05
actually belonged to England and00:50:08
I felt that now Arabs can00:50:11
let something bad happen great00:50:14
the East India Company which then00:50:16
led almost half the world00:50:18
decided to arrange real ones in Ceylon00:50:21
coffee plantations that belonged to her00:50:23
eastern bank00:50:24
one of the largest banks in that00:50:26
gave out time to several hundred00:50:29
planters huge loans and00:50:32
already somewhere in the 50s and 60s00:50:35
cylon was completely covered in coffee it was00:50:38
one colossal monoculture which00:50:41
was the descendants of just a few grains00:50:43
brought during the Hajj from Arabia00:50:46
peninsula00:50:48
already00:50:51
went to England in the seventies00:50:54
approximately 50,000 volumes of coffee00:50:57
50,000 tons annually is a huge number00:51:00
which is comparable to modern00:51:02
the Arabs naturally lost their harvests00:51:05
monopoly the European market disappeared for them but00:51:10
unfortunately in the 70s00:51:17
eighteenth century Ceylon00:51:20
rust has appeared00:51:22
literally in two years the coffee harvest has fallen00:51:26
more than 10 times instead of fifty00:51:28
thousand tons began to collect three tons00:51:31
rust first appeared on the leaves in00:51:34
in the form of small brown spots00:51:36
which then became covered with a yellow coating00:51:39
a yellow rim formed around them and00:51:42
eventually the leaves of the workshop fell off00:51:45
the tree was constantly trying to grow00:51:47
new leaves00:51:48
due to lost old people therefore strength for00:51:51
the development of the fruits no longer left the harvest00:51:53
was almost zero and after two or three years00:51:55
the tree was dying00:52:00
Eastern Bank went bankrupt at the end of 9000:52:04
All00:52:05
imported workers from India00:52:09
Tamils before were almost completely00:52:11
returned00:52:12
ago the coffee was cut down completely00:52:15
there is not a single coffee shop left on the island00:52:18
trees after that the island was sown00:52:21
tea and since then this tea00:52:23
national drink00:52:25
English as an echo of this coffee shop00:52:28
disasters so far00:52:31
these are civil wars between the cute ones and00:52:34
singles, that is, original inhabitants00:52:37
Sri Lanka and those workers who00:52:40
remained wound up00:52:42
from india to the island but the story of coffee and00:52:46
the coffee genre is rusty on this one00:52:48
started and look what comes of it00:52:52
it turned out so here it is, yes it means for the first time00:52:58
in the sixties in the 70s she00:53:01
appeared in Ceylon00:53:02
and by the 90s of the 18th century completely00:53:08
rust ate the whole thing after that00:53:11
they decided to transfer the coffee somewhere else00:53:16
decided to move it away from rust00:53:18
all their problems I think it would be00:53:22
one-time promotion because we have00:53:24
quite cold for coffee and and taken to00:53:27
south america to brazil and brazil00:53:30
after Sri Lanka became the center00:53:32
coffee cultivation for a very long time00:53:34
period with natural coffee00:53:37
was raised based on all this, let's say00:53:39
so tropical floor belt00:53:41
but maximum coffee began to be produced in00:53:44
Brazil in South America from rust with00:53:47
Ceylon and00:53:48
from00:53:49
East Africa began its march on00:53:52
east and around mid-twenty00:53:56
centuries they were completely captured well00:53:59
Let's just say the whole north central Africa00:54:02
Asia and it reached Indonesia and00:54:04
Fiji00:54:05
and in Brazil I felt great00:54:07
because it seemed like I wasn't in any danger00:54:09
but since the mid-20th century the rust has turned00:54:12
to the west and in the 50s she reached00:54:17
Nigeria around 197000:54:22
rust has reached Angola and since00:54:25
the goal itself is that the southern winds blow to the side00:54:28
ocean then, respectively, at seventy00:54:31
first seventy-second year00:54:32
rust originated in brazil which00:54:35
felt wonderful all these almost00:54:38
a hundred years only the appearance of rust caused00:54:41
awesome in shock because it wasn't00:54:44
just unexpected, yes it was, well, that is00:54:46
this memory has been preserved for so long00:54:49
leads it to count and rust00:54:54
respectively00:54:57
in the first year of its appearance, well, that’s already00:54:59
almost our times until just 50 years ago00:55:02
was purchased00:55:06
by the Brazilian government approximately 1500:55:08
thousand tons of fungicides and epidemics succeeded00:55:12
stop but the losses were00:55:15
in about two years00:55:18
half the harvest every year00:55:20
after that south america supported00:55:22
Europe and just America took up00:55:25
active breeding of coffee trees was00:55:27
resistant varieties were obtained00:55:29
especially special anti00:55:31
techniques and everything was fine until finally00:55:34
and even if someone has been drinking coffee for a long time00:55:37
longer ago than I did these events00:55:40
1972 they caused 100:55:43
increase in the price of coffee in the world00:55:45
about 30 percent was all there00:55:49
not bad until the twelfth year when suddenly00:55:51
completely unexpectedly breaking through everything00:55:53
imaginable barriers and overcame all00:55:55
existing chemicals rust00:55:57
the new mutant stamp did not fall on00:56:00
Central America starting from El Salvador and00:56:04
then we'll take over all the countries in a row00:56:07
guatemala nicaragua and honduras and00:56:09
Costa Rica in the first year00:56:11
rust destroyed 20 percent of the crop00:56:14
half a billion dollars respectively00:56:16
loss00:56:17
breeding new varieties new activities00:56:20
Rosalie agricultural ruin00:56:23
farmers and the funny thing is00:56:26
what you see is this sign00:56:27
yes I did it in '12 and she did it00:56:30
she is very very old and accordingly00:56:33
here is some clever inscription of something00:56:35
it says 20 percent of the harvest but here it is00:56:38
550 million dollars yes yes all that00:56:41
great but it's 2013 in 201300:56:45
year00:56:46
rust has reached mexico again00:56:49
overcame all genetic barriers00:56:51
protective and 70 percent 70 percent00:56:55
the coffee harvest was destroyed and this00:56:58
it was not some kind of robusto00:57:00
yes, in the first place it continued00:57:02
arabica and00:57:04
it's hard to even estimate how much it cost00:57:07
been all over central america00:57:09
emergency declared00:57:10
agricultural situation and00:57:13
in the thirteenth year the rust was completely theirs00:57:15
It’s not clear which way I got to the first ones00:57:17
and in Peru it was also announced00:57:18
emergency00:57:20
and this was already the rise in coffee prices00:57:24
which we feel literally now00:57:26
a few years ago about the year 1400:57:29
started and every year coffee little by little00:57:31
is getting more expensive in general now you can safely00:57:34
to state that there is nothing left in the world00:57:36
one country that deals00:57:38
production of coffee which would at the same time00:57:40
at the same time did not fight rust but00:57:44
let's just say it's just mushroom losses00:57:47
capable of causing it much more and00:57:50
greater and widespread damage who we have00:57:54
the recording is being sorted out00:58:02
no it's a pity yes so van gogh eaters00:58:10
potatoes Well, you see, the guys here are quite like that00:58:12
their living conditions are sad00:58:14
cramped, no electricity if too much00:58:18
take a closer look, here I am from here00:58:20
you can see this one if you look closely00:58:23
potatoes means here we are and the forehead by the way00:58:26
new national drink of the British00:58:27
they spill tea, not coffee, they don't have coffee anymore00:58:30
supposed to go they potatoes means00:58:33
potatoes were brought from South America00:58:35
we all know this well and approximately00:58:41
in the middle of the 19th century it became the main food00:58:46
for the poorest segments of the population Russia00:58:49
potatoes have gone through their history including00:58:51
potato riots there are damn apples yeah00:58:53
and other funny stories here but in00:58:56
Europe especially in the central in the western00:58:58
in Europe, potatoes were the main food for00:59:01
many millions of people00:59:06
unfortunately, as is often the case, a parasite00:59:08
knows how to follow its master and how00:59:11
this is common now no one talks about it anymore00:59:13
finds out but with some ship on00:59:16
someone's clothes or maybe new ones00:59:18
club potato tubers to Europe00:59:20
Late blight has arrived00:59:22
Well, if someone is connected with the garden, then00:59:26
he must imagine what he is like00:59:30
late blight before imagines how she00:59:32
looks like the correct late blight00:59:34
which interests you and me is called00:59:37
late blight of potatoes and tomatoes because00:59:40
that she is equally successful in eating not00:59:42
only potatoes yes as we see she00:59:44
can affect both tubers and stems and00:59:46
potato leaves but also no less00:59:48
She willingly eats the tomatoes and gets into them00:59:53
Phytophthora began rapidly in Europe and00:59:55
the procession was first captured by France00:59:59
you will be surprised01:00:02
the revolution that led to the01:00:05
republic 1000 what is it 848 up to a year here01:00:10
if we turn to a classic, youth will not01:00:12
will understand such classics but Karl Marx01:00:15
wrote that the troubles are not severe01:00:21
economic situation a01:00:23
rotting potatoes caused fermentation in01:00:26
people who exactly what happened there01:00:30
I don’t remember how it was formulated, but in the end01:00:32
after some number of years01:00:35
famine and disease led to rebellion and01:00:38
revolution, that is, mushrooms no more01:00:41
less yes as a reason for 2 republics after01:00:45
France was invaded by Switzerland and Belgium01:00:49
Denmark and the mushroom went north and south01:00:52
the situation has become so difficult that01:00:56
French Academy of Sciences01:00:58
serious academy european01:01:00
moment from the holidays it was summer01:01:02
recalled all academicians and imprisoned them01:01:05
work because it was necessary to understand that01:01:07
what to do with this crap01:01:08
meanwhile late blight is closer to autumn01:01:12
I got across the English Channel I01:01:15
so I talk about this as if she01:01:17
a little bit reasonable for a long time we understand that01:01:19
here to make you a mechanic there for something01:01:21
got caught where the wind blew and ended up01:01:24
Argue flew and captured literally01:01:28
the only month of August almost the entire01:01:30
she reached ireland from england01:01:32
why did ireland become01:01:35
such a problematic country in terms of01:01:38
late blight of potatoes because out of eight01:01:42
millions are not very many01:01:46
population of Ireland at that time01:01:48
forties and fifties of the last century01:01:51
approximately 6 million people ate01:01:55
mostly potatoes and two01:01:58
million people ate only it01:02:00
and no more at all, well, it’s clear there01:02:02
some little things for them01:02:03
got it but just imagine01:02:05
such a ratio and01:02:08
in early September01:02:11
in the newspaper who is there we have Dublin no yes01:02:14
something I already made a note about that well01:02:19
that's why you're such a grain but01:02:21
in principle there is no big problem, but when01:02:23
started digging the crop and it turned out that01:02:25
one hundred percent of the potatoes are rotten, they are gone01:02:28
in general, and that’s when things started getting serious01:02:31
problems and then look in the fall01:02:34
what kind of me specifically who will see the fans01:02:38
Dublin of course look I'll read it for01:02:41
those who do not see the advertisement in Dublin01:02:42
newspaper tree processing factory at01:02:45
royal natural street like us01:02:47
we believe the largest enterprise01:02:49
of this kind in the country provides01:02:52
daily work over the next01:02:54
six or eight months from morning until01:02:57
nights at the same time from 16 to 20 pairs01:02:59
sawmills sawing boards for coffins in01:03:05
result01:03:07
three-year-old I was raging with late blight01:03:10
from hunger and subsequent back diseases01:03:15
almost 2 million people died01:03:18
imagine two million01:03:21
almost the same number of people01:03:27
Irish01:03:29
went to where the united states01:03:33
America has never seen such massive migrations01:03:36
no other European country has yet01:03:38
time accordingly, here are all these01:03:40
huge Irish enclaves of states before01:03:43
irish police authorities irish01:03:45
postmen, Irish bartenders and even01:03:49
the Kennedy family, by the way, yes they are01:03:52
also descendants01:03:53
Irish are the descendants of these01:03:55
unfortunate people who are fleeing from01:03:57
famine fled from Ireland in search of01:04:00
I specially dug up a better life01:04:03
very revealing pictures from books01:04:06
that time, look here people01:04:09
trying to dig up01:04:11
at least one potato tuber01:04:13
undamaged by late blight but01:04:15
those remaining say goodbye to those floating away01:04:18
so as you can see some01:04:23
mushrooms they cause mass death but01:04:28
as they say in advertising and that's not all 201:04:31
a million is nothing at all01:04:36
for some reason in terms of01:04:37
recaptured human victims goes to01:04:40
India01:04:41
its so everything now so so so since01:04:48
do you consider part one-time01:04:53
one-time deaths during one time01:04:57
the battle of the military battle that happened01:05:00
the maximum number of victims can01:05:02
can anyone tell me what this was?01:05:04
adding 2 naturally is about to happen01:05:09
total total01:05:12
Well, this is not our times, yes, that is01:05:16
this is not the Kursk Bulge and does not mean if01:05:18
believe the sources, but in principle everything is there01:05:20
foundation and believe the most ambitious in01:05:23
in terms of the number of human casualties01:05:26
in history01:05:27
occurred in india when north india01:05:30
fought against the south of India it was called this01:05:33
the war of the Kuraps and the Pandavas and that's when these01:05:37
southern and northern conical to each other01:05:39
grappled01:05:40
India has always stood behind them01:05:42
was quite populated01:05:45
approximately 2 million people each01:05:47
More than 2 million died on each side01:05:49
that is, it is rated from 4 to 5, that’s all01:05:53
in several days01:05:55
so relatively recently this is all01:05:58
this picture reminded me of what I want01:06:02
explain to you I improvise a lot01:06:04
because I always start from01:06:06
audience present if you were sitting01:06:08
fifth year student I talked to everyone01:06:10
on other things01:06:12
so in 1942 when the great01:06:18
Patriotic War in India in Bengal01:06:25
this thing grows in water01:06:27
Accordingly, this is a risk01:06:29
naturally arose and print and01:06:32
helminth dispute he disputed the helminth01:06:36
rice is basically quite safe and01:06:39
disease, but in some years it01:06:41
can really gobble up almost everything01:06:42
harvest and, in fact, approximately01:06:45
almost exactly what happened, it’s surprising that01:06:47
this is a colossal disaster, almost no one01:06:49
paid almost no attention01:06:52
because England is at this moment and where01:06:54
back then it was still still English so how01:06:57
and as in general with coffee, which we’ve already talked about01:07:00
they said our ninja is much more01:07:02
I was interested in Burma at this moment01:07:04
which has almost captured both Japan and01:07:07
all their interests were roughly there01:07:09
or a little north or a little east in01:07:13
Bengal suffered an incredible famine and01:07:15
because rice is like potatoes in Ireland01:07:18
was essentially the only01:07:20
food culture for the Bengalis then they01:07:24
pulled towards Calcutta and now01:07:27
there in then and01:07:29
drawings naturally drawings of that period01:07:32
because01:07:35
I don’t know why the drawings are not photographed01:07:37
found it, maybe it was just that01:07:39
scary to take pictures of almost 4 million01:07:41
corpses from Bengal to Calcutta01:07:46
along the sides you have become the road01:07:48
result of hunger and lack of medicine01:07:51
and concomitant illness here you go01:07:53
just helminths transporting forests01:07:55
on one single small01:07:59
territory, well, it’s already a little bit01:08:02
even entertainment compared to what it's about01:08:04
I told not only about the winds or anything else01:08:08
somehow but also people on themselves01:08:11
are being dragged01:08:14
various pathogenic fungi in the most01:08:16
different places here is a vivid example01:08:18
you're not like the guy poison on her like01:08:20
Poland potatoes and only much01:08:22
stronger01:08:23
This thing is called anthracnose melon and01:08:27
illness stopped growing melons in01:08:30
Australia but they had some01:08:33
their melons they now have a lot of their own01:08:35
even its white truffles grow between01:08:37
other than that, but how did you get there when?01:08:40
the rabbits have almost stopped01:08:42
sheep breeding date that's exactly the same01:08:45
never go there with people like that01:08:46
wonderful guys tourists in01:08:49
seventy-nine just on their01:08:50
clothing from Southeast Asian countries01:08:53
arrived at intermission, the nose did it melons and01:08:58
since then you are no more australia01:09:01
I've reached it and look01:09:04
summing up now we get to01:09:07
animals and then to people, summing up01:09:10
we can say the following what they lead to01:09:14
mushroom food and well, material01:09:18
the losses are clear, but about the billion01:09:20
dollars in the 70th year, I’m telling you, well01:09:24
about how the pine tree before which I cut down01:09:27
Osnitsky times in a row not counting the use01:09:29
chemistry of collateral destruction in general01:09:32
not very guilty of massive currants01:09:35
death of people from hunger and related01:09:39
diseases Ireland and Bengal are classics01:09:42
examples of change01:09:44
agricultural growing zones01:09:45
cultures when coffee salon01:09:48
moves to South America to Brazil01:09:51
changing landscapes is a very cool thing01:09:53
right I didn't tell you but if01:09:56
briefly some parasitic fungus came from01:10:00
Europe's chestnut wheels01:10:02
[music]01:10:04
western america west united01:10:08
states and luxury occupiers01:10:11
millions of hectares of chestnut forests now01:10:13
turned into shrub heaths01:10:15
with a completely different climate because01:10:18
This fungus is funny because it comes from01:10:20
throws the top of his head when talking to01:10:23
botanical language removes the apical01:10:26
dominance that is, the tree is no longer01:10:28
can grow upward01:10:29
she descends to the level of the stump and releases01:10:32
from it there are some pathetic shoots like01:10:34
only one of them is trying to become01:10:36
the mushroom's trunk immediately eats it away from him01:10:38
the top of his head and he returns to his01:10:40
bushy existence here01:10:42
colossal territories comparable to01:10:44
some medium-sized territory01:10:46
countries such as Germany and now on01:10:50
United States territory instead01:10:51
chestnut forests shrubby heaths01:10:54
who slowly fall asleep with sand01:10:56
and all that is a completely separate topic01:10:59
this is mass poisoning of people01:11:01
mycotoxins me this is just a pair01:11:03
avant antonov fire drunken bread and others01:11:06
horrors that, in principle, are also caused01:11:08
namely phytopathogenic fungi, that is01:11:10
mushrooms attacking plants but how01:11:14
Scheherazade said yes, that's what we're talking about01:11:16
we'll talk next time because01:11:18
The main thing here is not that the mushrooms attack01:11:20
on plants is that they still us01:11:21
they are poisoning one way or another, but there are three things about this01:11:24
poisonous mushrooms we will talk in01:11:27
next Saturday01:11:28
well01:11:33
from now on I must warn01:11:35
what if there is in the hall01:11:37
nervous pregnant children and others01:11:43
socially vulnerable segments of the population01:11:46
they are given one last opportunity01:11:49
leave the audience because the fact01:11:52
that you stayed in your places is01:11:55
automatic agreement with the fact that01:11:58
so that in the future you will see it was done01:12:00
you voluntarily and so on01:12:02
sixth pins we're all down there01:12:05
I’m just not completely strong, well, you01:12:07
you understand well who is the smallest of us01:12:13
what is this beast called beast well in01:12:18
in a sense they just broke off the horns yes01:12:23
ok nothing but in the end everything01:12:28
about ungulates, so much so that a ram01:12:35
ok, at least look at the beard01:12:43
throughout our history again01:12:46
will start01:12:47
mushrooms have accompanied us for a long time, but how01:12:51
usually it was more or less01:12:54
friendly mushrooms even if they are01:12:57
some circumstances could for us01:12:59
slightly hostile for a long time basically01:13:02
it was all sorts of yeast that would live01:13:05
their own now live on the surface01:13:07
our skin or on mucous membranes and01:13:13
with all its potential01:13:15
hostility01:13:16
this yeast was and remains ours01:13:20
the main allies are such friends and enemies01:13:23
because one of01:13:26
one of the problems they successfully solve01:13:28
this is not allowed into our body much01:13:32
more dangerous pathogens01:13:34
they don't do it because that's who they are01:13:35
kind but because they want it all01:13:37
keep for yourself01:13:38
we have, in principle, humanity01:13:43
radiation think like little children before01:13:45
the point is needed for it to rain01:13:47
and the wolves they sour the forest on purpose01:13:50
they look for all the sick and lame and hand them over01:13:52
to leave specifically only01:13:54
healthy and so on, but we are with you01:13:56
adults and we understand what it is01:13:58
they do it because they are a lame sheep01:14:02
It's easier to catch up with a lame sheep than01:14:06
bring it here and so on means01:14:11
accordingly until01:14:13
humanity is more or less harmonious01:14:16
lived on her own without any serious01:14:20
medical advances I'm slowly01:14:23
modernity begins to emerge then mushrooms01:14:26
attacked people in some extreme01:14:29
cases, that is, only people literally01:14:31
specially created around himself01:14:33
special unsanitary conditions01:14:35
fundamentally not looking after her01:14:37
appearance persistently non-compliance01:14:41
hygiene and01:14:42
predominantly living maybe even01:14:44
with livestock in the same room01:14:47
this is what people could get from01:14:49
animals this is actually what happened01:14:51
by the way with all the main01:14:53
viral and bacterial diseases01:14:55
before any beauty take there is a plague01:14:59
brucellosis anthrax all this01:15:01
switched to a person and for a boring one01:15:03
living together with animals up to01:15:05
when we constantly rub against something01:15:07
bad due to the fact that evolution01:15:10
bacteria viruses occurs with01:15:12
at colossal speed sooner or later01:15:14
it's bound to happen so that's okay01:15:18
more serious than all kinds is what is popular01:15:20
called lichen until about the middle01:15:25
You won’t believe that humanity is already in the 20th century01:15:28
did not have01:15:32
look, now we'll talk to you01:15:35
about animals01:15:37
what fungi do animals get sick in?01:15:41
basically means now it's yes yes yes I01:15:45
I'll warn you01:15:46
basically it means you and I are interested01:15:48
not some abstract shrews01:15:51
to either our kittens and puppies or01:15:55
some sheep that were there01:15:57
and goats, yes, because they are our pets01:16:00
animals before any01:16:04
19 mm or there until the mid-twenties01:16:06
centuries all these lichens01:16:08
who are they, what are they, and these are mushrooms01:16:11
which contains the keratin enzyme01:16:14
keratin is able to decompose any01:16:17
skin or let's say chili integumentary01:16:21
formation that is made from proteins with01:16:24
involving keratin, that is, hair and skin01:16:27
nails horns hooves feathers and all that01:16:30
quietly keratin film mushrooms01:16:32
digest once they certainly were01:16:34
kind fluffy and naturally fed01:16:37
only01:16:38
decaying remains that01:16:40
fell into the soil but from one to the other01:16:43
not for long and from the decaying remains they01:16:46
managed to switch to living beings and began01:16:50
actively develop wool skin and the same01:16:53
the very horns and hooves but no longer lying in01:16:55
actively walking on the ground, reproducing and01:16:58
generally living his life literally01:17:04
recent treatment of such01:17:06
the animals were quite unpleasant01:17:08
because there weren’t these bones yet and01:17:10
these are all of you are one01:17:13
spots of mushrooms they fired around01:17:17
cut live01:17:19
and if they were big crusts, then right01:17:21
You won’t believe it, just like that they separated and01:17:23
further treated with antiseptics and01:17:26
the beasts suffered terribly, but in recent times01:17:29
several decades have already been created01:17:31
quite effective01:17:33
antimycotic drugs that01:17:35
by literally simple spreading01:17:38
allow more or less effective01:17:40
to get rid of this, which cannot be said about people01:17:42
unfortunately that is what is done in01:17:44
agriculture for humans is not01:17:47
it works very well and I'll explain why, well here it is01:17:50
besides what exists01:17:54
fungi so-called dermatophytes01:17:57
which01:17:59
cause ringworm and others01:18:01
there is damage to the skin and other integuments01:18:04
and other mushrooms for example this one01:18:06
the closest relative of Phytophthora01:18:08
potato called supra01:18:10
shower those who had boiled and maybe01:18:13
be aware that with a reduced01:18:15
temperature in the presence of fish which01:18:18
weakened health by such white fluff01:18:20
or they overgrow and die especially01:18:23
caviar and01:18:25
fry that's what she's just01:18:27
the board is instantly covered as01:18:29
white fluff and essentially eats and01:18:33
other livestock pests first01:18:35
turn these are all kinds of aspergillus01:18:37
Aspergillus harm in the first place01:18:41
bees and birds, those who have apiaries01:18:45
do they know what stone bee brood is?01:18:48
lime brood and all sorts of others01:18:50
nasty things when people start in stages01:18:53
seize and fuss01:18:56
from I don't remember whether I found the picture or not01:18:59
Did I find the picture or not stop01:19:01
count down since we're talking about01:19:04
pray what unfortunate souls they have01:19:07
if all these bees have whitish bellies01:19:10
You can already see the larvae inside within 24 hours01:19:11
In general, completely white Aspergers is taking over01:19:14
the entire hive suppresses the larvae infect01:19:17
adults why are adult bees so01:19:20
sad sight they are trying to leave01:19:23
the hive is crawling out of there with all its strength01:19:25
crawl away can't fly anymore crawl away01:19:27
as far as possible so that together01:19:29
introduce an infection but basically a hive01:19:31
stricken01:19:33
ost beloved he is essentially doomed you01:19:35
In general, such a family is subject to destruction01:19:39
she's basically a bee01:19:40
doomed, and in the case of birds, slowly01:19:45
let's start it's not people yet, here's the case of birds01:19:50
As a rule, supergel affects the lungs01:19:53
this is the hidden chick he was singing there, visible01:19:55
yes, here it is cut lengthwise and here it is light01:19:58
and and01:19:59
see how beautiful that moment is olof01:20:01
memory of the aesthetics of the process when inhaled01:20:05
As a rule, chickens are affected both in01:20:08
first of all broiler comes here01:20:10
such overgrowth of the lungs by aspergillus we are in01:20:12
In principle, of course there is no cure for this01:20:14
because in the early stages it is not01:20:16
there's no point in catching her later01:20:18
catch this is approximately how it happens with01:20:23
animals and01:20:26
now before the bee we already had01:20:30
Now I propose that people come to us and01:20:33
let's first figure out why01:20:37
last about 50 but maybe 6001:20:40
70 years of fungal diseases01:20:43
and how superficial they are01:20:46
called dermatomycosis or01:20:50
deep which are called deep01:20:52
the goats just fell on us but01:20:54
doctors were once unfortunate to humanity01:20:59
dermatologists, they did everything01:21:02
in a row, including mushrooms01:21:05
encountered no mushrooms except01:21:07
external manifestations and some spots01:21:10
lichens that occasionally appeared on their01:21:13
patients there is an old joke about how01:21:17
mushroom dermatologist boasts of his01:21:20
profession he says my patients01:21:24
they never pick me up with calls01:21:26
nights never die and never01:21:29
are getting well01:21:30
that is, flags in terms of business and absolutely01:21:33
perfect thing indeed01:21:36
the fact is that the disease is01:21:41
people call it steps themselves, it’s almost01:21:44
our only real human ones01:21:46
diseases01:21:48
that is, the fungi that cause01:21:49
are called antepa films that is01:21:52
person's loved ones well in quotes there before in01:21:54
in a sense they evolved from01:21:57
we are millions of years old and like a parasite it’s good01:21:59
adapted to their owner01:22:02
the task is not to kill us like01:22:03
as quickly as possible and live on us as quickly as possible01:22:06
longer that's why they developed this01:22:10
a form of parasitism which with one01:22:12
hand allows them to effectively01:22:15
resist our immune system and with01:22:17
cause harm to the other party01:22:19
so acceptable to our body01:22:22
that he is somehow ready to tolerate them01:22:25
existence but as soon as Fleming01:22:32
you know everything, yes of course Alexandra01:22:34
Fleming, which was discovered by penicillin in01:22:36
forty-two and starting around01:22:39
forty-four when you are not a cycle01:22:41
went into mass production01:22:44
turned over01:22:46
medical component of the military01:22:48
actions, that is, millions of people who01:22:52
previously they definitely died from all sorts of things01:22:54
secondary bacterial infections in01:22:57
primarily due to invention01:22:59
antibiotics were saved by antibiotics01:23:02
quite the right name which now01:23:04
misleading many people01:23:05
it would be correct to call this thing anti01:23:08
bacteria because01:23:10
fungal antibiotics, including01:23:14
penicillin is harmful01:23:16
only for bacteria01:23:18
but not for mushrooms and especially not for viruses01:23:20
so anti01:23:23
antibiotic drugs actually01:23:25
this is only and exclusively01:23:28
what about antibacterial drugs?01:23:30
it happened when01:23:33
doctors have effectively mastered humanity01:23:37
antibiotic use and started01:23:39
together to defeat all sorts of01:23:40
they were exposed to bacterial diseases01:23:44
attacks our conditionally pathogenic01:23:47
bacterial flora lives in us01:23:50
a bunch of friendly and most of them are not01:23:53
some amount not very much01:23:54
friendly to again tolerant for01:23:57
our body bacteria first01:23:59
turn of such ladies E. coli01:24:00
everyone knows everything about her01:24:03
they write and she’s from sico, it’s useful01:24:05
it's no no because it can01:24:06
form aggressive forms but meaning01:24:11
existence for us ours01:24:14
opportunistic bacterial flora01:24:16
is that as I already said01:24:18
Previously, animals were restrained01:24:21
leaving others for themselves what is most01:24:24
delicious yes, but we are already friends01:24:26
millions of years and that's why we have01:24:27
little by little and generally enough01:24:29
she is humane01:24:33
leaves us for himself while protecting01:24:36
your table from other enemies is much more01:24:39
dangerous once antibiotics are started01:24:41
systematically the masses of the population01:24:44
destroy opportunistic pathogens01:24:47
bacterial flora01:24:49
a holy place is never empty let me begin01:24:52
freebies right there01:24:53
mold and yeast attacked until the 50s01:24:56
for years no one knew what it was01:24:58
mold challenges disease caused by01:25:01
molds01:25:03
yeast diseases were known01:25:06
exclusively like but bill white to the bottom01:25:09
before the thrush could not come to anyone01:25:12
my head that thrush will suddenly start01:25:13
continue skin brain01:25:16
bone tissue to nails just like this01:25:20
do some01:25:23
scary good01:25:28
ok that's it moldy01:25:34
some kind of extreme [ __ ] when let's say01:25:36
dudes got sick with pneumonia01:25:38
there was a scar or some kind of depression there01:25:41
a luxurious lump of green grows01:25:43
mold01:25:44
which in the first place is almost not caught01:25:46
no translucent devices and01:25:48
secondly, it doesn’t kill immediately, which is sad01:25:51
causes pain for many years01:25:53
years and decades01:25:55
thanks to the advent of antibiotics01:25:58
such joy appeared in everyone01:26:02
medical institutions other than01:26:04
antibiotics that opened a direct path01:26:08
killing pathogenic fungi01:26:10
opportunistic bacteria are practically01:26:13
immediately after them medicine appeared01:26:15
called cytostatics is another one01:26:17
from the achievements of our medicine people01:26:19
learned to fight and at least01:26:21
started learning how to fight cancer01:26:23
cytostatics01:26:26
stop development and sometimes even01:26:28
destroy cancer in the early stages01:26:31
tumor because of their actions01:26:33
directed against active reproduction01:26:35
cells they act on RNA molecules01:26:38
but accordingly became01:26:41
stopping the development of cancer01:26:43
they also suspend actively01:26:48
dividing bone marrow cells and all01:26:52
our immune system which actually01:26:54
speaking the taste of bone marrow and yes01:26:55
lymphocytes and other joys are formed01:26:57
in the same way you became cytostatic01:27:00
suspend our updates01:27:03
immune system in order to01:27:06
effectively treat many diseases01:27:09
it is necessary to remove inflammatory processes and01:27:12
yes she was about 80 for that01:27:15
In the 1990s, steroid drugs were invented01:27:18
testing for steroid deficiency01:27:20
people develop a bunch of bad things01:27:22
diseases inflammation begins01:27:24
joints and all the way down to all sorts of red01:27:26
cub and other terrible things but if01:27:30
there is an excess of steroids in the body, then they01:27:35
influence the activity of lymphocytes lymphocyte01:27:40
practically stop working01:27:41
in fact, that’s why they don’t go01:27:43
inflammatory processes and in all these01:27:46
cases01:27:47
that steroids something 100 static what01:27:49
antibiotics01:27:50
we end up with an organism that01:27:53
practically deprived, first of all, of his own01:27:57
hostile allied opportunistic01:28:00
bacterial flora and, in addition,01:28:02
immunity and this is it01:28:04
awesome food for mushrooms01:28:06
of all stripes, it’s just so hard for yourself01:28:09
imagine further look absolutely01:28:12
surgical methods have changed if further01:28:15
I don’t know, someone got something torn off there01:28:17
date lit big resinous faq and you01:28:20
burned this thing, nothing special there01:28:22
Baba didn’t worry too much about this01:28:24
Now what methods do we have?01:28:27
surgery can also be amazing doctors01:28:30
penetrate with their instruments into everything01:28:33
cavity until I stick something straight into the heart01:28:36
they cut it up, they hide it, they put tampons in there01:28:39
they put probes in, I don’t say such words01:28:41
like catheters and other various things01:28:44
which are in us01:28:46
in our darkest moments01:28:48
existences fall into what is here01:28:52
all this is characteristic and interesting01:28:55
happens quickly and it's called01:28:57
intensive care surgery01:28:59
how long does a person stay in01:29:01
resuscitation is usually hours true and01:29:04
he usually gets there to01:29:07
to undergo all this method because01:29:09
that exactly at this moment from the fact that01:29:11
they will do it to him01:29:12
resuscitators depends on his life here01:29:15
basically no one thinks about it01:29:17
about how the devil can stick and not01:29:20
will give and implemented or just fly01:29:22
through a cotton gauze bandage or something01:29:24
accidentally getting somewhere is too much01:29:27
little update on what's going on01:29:28
right now at the moment what01:29:31
sad surgeons resuscitators never01:29:34
don't see the consequences of their actions01:29:35
because as soon as one that's all01:29:38
they broke it, then they fixed it all with this one01:29:41
the carcass is processed and sent to01:29:43
an ordinary ward and there it is already before01:29:47
doctors who are not emergency resuscitators01:29:50
are faced with a phenomenon that has already01:29:53
many decades is called as01:29:54
hospital infection because that's all01:29:57
we stuck on the map torelli on the probe01:30:00
the animators made it easier for her comrades01:30:04
in an ordinary ward it blooms magnificently01:30:06
color and therefore at least 30 percent01:30:08
patients after emergency surgery01:30:14
they receive all sorts of interventions01:30:16
mushroom joys in this case must be had in01:30:18
I see that they are definitely stuffed01:30:20
antibiotics and we introduced steroids like01:30:23
after surgery to01:30:26
relieve inflammation and of course 10001:30:29
they also get static because01:30:31
most often the operation is performed there before01:30:33
blood problems diabetes and liver cancer and01:30:36
so on here01:30:37
having all this invasion instantaneous01:30:40
with a severe reprimand with a reprimand01:30:42
in the liver this is exactly the same01:30:44
the same and at the same time with the destroyed01:30:49
bacterial flora and stuffed01:30:52
drugs that reduce immunity we we01:30:55
people and the more developed the country and01:30:57
the more developed the methods01:31:00
medicine and ralph and other topics with greater01:31:02
we probably get all fungal01:31:05
diseases individual stories are01:31:07
organ transplantation and01:31:09
fabrics because here already01:31:11
purposefully01:31:12
before mitigation methods are applied01:31:13
immunity because if this is not01:31:16
do not cause a decrease in immunity01:31:18
artificially transplanted organs and01:31:20
the tissue will most likely be rejected by you01:31:23
This doesn't just happen all at once, but01:31:27
throughout the expected01:31:29
there is no period of engraftment and introduces01:31:32
immunosuppressive drugs therefore01:31:35
all modern medicine01:31:37
including surgery as a separate fast01:31:39
moment are aimed at ensuring that we01:31:43
received superficial and deep01:31:46
systemic and all sorts of other mycoses, what?01:31:49
never happened before means besides01:31:53
medical reasons but there are also simple01:31:57
reasons are natural and that's what I01:32:00
conventionally called weakened immunity01:32:03
but it is clear that the syndrome is acquired01:32:05
immunodeficiency before HIV infected here01:32:07
I don’t even need anything else because I don’t01:32:09
no antibiotics or cytostatics are needed01:32:13
minimally invasive surgery, the very fact of the presence01:32:17
viral immunosuppression01:32:19
automatically assumes colossal01:32:22
vulnerability of patients01:32:26
HIV virus or statistics in different01:32:30
countries from 30 to 90 percent of deaths01:32:34
from HIV they are killed by someone with mushrooms against yes01:32:40
here, as it stands, you can say yes01:32:43
but just mushrooms01:32:45
mostly I die, they kill the sick01:32:49
AIDS any immune disease01:32:52
systems and hepatitis no matter what viral01:32:55
some other01:32:56
Well, it’s clear that the medicine is here01:33:00
everything intersects but even just stress and01:33:02
any events leading to a decrease01:33:04
immunity they open the gates for01:33:07
fungal infection and like01:33:10
superficial only and this is what they love01:33:12
it's easier to nest on a person who01:33:15
is in a state of immune deficiency01:33:17
or simply under the influence of stress, let alone01:33:19
if this is some homeless person imagine01:33:21
to myself, yes, it’s just a favor, but to01:33:25
unfortunately, in addition to immunodeficiency and01:33:30
there are also medical reasons01:33:32
environmental factors giant landfills01:33:34
to which our cities surround and01:33:37
which become a source01:33:40
an indescribable amount of disputes and01:33:42
scraps of mycelium do not live in big cities01:33:45
in a colossal mushroom broth we just01:33:48
we constantly enter into some kind of01:33:50
aerosols here I am talking to you now01:33:53
1 I, well, at the same time continued at you too01:33:55
press disputes scraps of my goals with everyone01:33:58
by inhaling we send into ourselves several01:34:00
tens and maybe even hundreds01:34:03
there may be thousands of disputes with all this ours01:34:06
the body fights quite effectively01:34:08
lymphocytes crawl there on the mucous membrane01:34:12
all this is eaten by the upper layers of the skin but01:34:14
this is constantly sacrificed to the body why01:34:17
the main dust in houses is human01:34:20
leather because the body throws it away01:34:23
this is a protective reaction of the upper layers of the skin01:34:25
constantly generates are amazed01:34:26
growing disputes and are rejected01:34:29
body as a natural defense01:34:32
reaction here but in addition to unfavorable01:34:41
ecological situation and this01:34:42
apartment walls getting wet and overgrown01:34:45
mold and just mold bread box yes01:34:47
which we open she flew01:34:49
flew there are also professional ones01:34:53
risk groups the fact is that many mushrooms01:34:59
both those living on the skin and those that01:35:02
strive to get inside and not01:35:06
loves loose soft moist warm skin01:35:09
so if your work is related to01:35:11
wearing rubber shoes for a long time01:35:13
for example, you are a water utility worker before or01:35:17
some hot production even01:35:21
if you are an athlete01:35:22
which swears to the rubber splash01:35:26
and splashes of sweat flew and that’s it and he01:35:29
fell on it again, rolled and beautiful01:35:31
got up but at that moment he was already on01:35:34
on steamed heels there is something stuck there01:35:36
further to a serious recusal of such things01:35:40
workers are at great risk01:35:42
poultry farms this holy and there are chickens01:35:45
breathed in and exhaled in response and in general01:35:48
and keratin and fil and all this in01:35:50
mostly also wooden and damp from01:35:52
grain that most terrible place is01:35:54
poultry farms if you find yourself in01:35:56
poultry farm even with01:35:57
this is even with a one-time visit01:36:00
get out of there, you need to take a shower right away01:36:02
destroy all the clothes you are wearing01:36:04
was I'm practically not joking yes that is01:36:07
maybe not so scary well01:36:08
70 percent is very close to01:36:11
truth any food production up to01:36:14
canteens pose a risk of infection01:36:21
well, not us but visitors but workers01:36:24
there are people with all kinds of mushrooms01:36:26
diseases, look if we01:36:33
people have already switched to professions and others01:36:35
moments01:36:37
what are the risk groups01:36:43
here more or less01:36:45
different categories of citizens are divided according to01:36:49
groups01:36:50
either professional or01:36:52
diseases to which they are susceptible01:36:55
as I already said, that means everyone is sick01:36:57
suffering from one form or another01:37:01
immunodeficiency, look at our sword01:37:03
very half a million01:37:05
officially registered in Russia01:37:07
real ones probably there, well, I don’t know 35 and here01:37:11
opinions vary and not everyone goes almost01:37:14
no one comes for some reason01:37:15
register any diseases01:37:19
associated with endocrine problems in01:37:22
first of all diabetes yes it is01:37:24
colossal risk group constantly01:37:26
reduced to him by01:37:29
permanently reduced immunity any01:37:32
chronic diseases of any internal01:37:33
organs no matter what no matter what01:37:37
There is01:37:38
being under stress and01:37:43
[music]01:37:45
accompanied by admission to the first01:37:47
queue antibiotics and anti-inflammatory01:37:50
drugs these people are all one hundred percent01:37:51
fall into the risk category of receiving01:37:55
mycoses and, of course, those who don’t01:38:00
lucky with allies and hostiles01:38:03
bacteria, that is, any form01:38:04
dysbacteriosis there before bacterial01:38:07
insufficiency of incorrect layout01:38:09
symbionts and pathogenic fungi and flora are01:38:12
all natural groups that are01:38:15
groups of people who fall into a group01:38:17
risk Means01:38:20
in some sense special groups01:38:22
are made up of, well, it’s clear, homeless people01:38:25
up to the team and chronic unkempt01:38:28
alcoholics put a little bit of effort on themselves01:38:35
that doesn't mean it's more expensive01:38:37
premature newborn babies that is01:38:39
all the people who seem to be not01:38:42
they get sick, yes, but they either got it right from the start01:38:45
or is currently in01:38:48
unfavorable physical condition01:38:50
let's say then all these are also those objects01:38:53
which mushrooms attack with pleasure well01:38:56
and finally professional risks yes01:38:57
This means that these are workers first and foremost.01:39:00
any large biochemical production01:39:03
especially where01:39:05
activities related to obtaining01:39:07
sugars or acids are wonderful01:39:09
substrates that molds love01:39:12
for example, in terms of you about ticks now01:39:15
there are a huge number of mushroom stamps01:39:17
who happily eats antibiotics01:39:19
and they simply reproduce on them therefore01:39:21
some major drugs01:39:23
antibiotic production01:39:26
First of all, work there represents01:39:28
act like a serious leaf because you01:39:30
you can get mold that grows on01:39:32
the medicines you make means01:39:35
all communal services landfill workers entering01:39:38
channel the entire food industry and so on01:39:40
further so further that's it01:39:43
practically and this reflects the reality01:39:46
state to in the world in different countries from01:39:49
30 to 80 percent of the population is one way or another01:39:53
otherwise sick in one form or another01:39:55
Kosovo is therefore a risk group here, she is in01:39:59
in general, there may even be an expiration date01:40:02
exceeds 100 storage that is the number01:40:05
people who are at risk of fungal infections01:40:08
diseases significantly exceeds01:40:10
the number of people who, in general, are more01:40:13
can feel less in this regard01:40:15
confident and finally one more01:40:17
sign and then we will go along01:40:19
pictures01:40:23
for a long time sometimes they shout give me details01:40:28
that means, well, in principle it makes sense01:40:32
take a quick look at this sign01:40:34
it means these are all mushrooms, look01:40:37
which is really ours and we are theirs01:40:39
we are already practically in a union01:40:43
dermatomycosis which either actually01:40:45
just very, very our human01:40:47
which have accompanied us for several times now01:40:49
hundreds of thousands of years or those that we01:40:52
we get from kittens and puppies01:40:53
or goats and rams until no longer01:40:57
less close contact these are all kinds01:41:01
dermatomycoses deprived us of trichophytosis01:41:03
now let's look at the pictures I was less01:41:05
I’ll tell you about them, the second group is01:41:09
a very interesting group of mushrooms that01:41:12
Now01:41:14
increases every year it's like this01:41:16
mushrooms that we basically never01:41:18
were not needed and they don’t even need us01:41:22
now and would not be needed in the future if01:41:24
suddenly it turned out completely by accident01:41:27
so because of everything that happened01:41:29
listed in the two previous plates01:41:31
we didn't turn out to be tasty food for them01:41:34
that is, these are all kinds of yeast up to01:41:36
all kinds of mold and all sorts of crypto01:41:40
coca aspergillus and01:41:41
in general, it’s more like sopro corpse mushrooms01:41:45
which are our meat, liver or01:41:48
heart or skin or even bone01:41:50
brain01:41:51
wouldn't be interested if we didn't do it ourselves01:41:53
presented them to them on a silver platter, that is01:41:57
a person is abandoned by immunity, this is suddenly01:41:59
unexpectedly ready-made dishes for these01:42:03
the most so-called opportunistic fungi01:42:07
they are also called opportunistic01:42:09
because under normal conditions01:42:10
circumstances one never any01:42:12
no harm done here is a good example01:42:17
The 60s don't fly by the 60s01:42:21
from Antarctica they still sailed us here back then01:42:25
a portion sailed across the world's oceans01:42:28
penguins Moscow Zoo01:42:30
caught and adjusted penguins and01:42:34
happily released then there was only one01:42:36
large communal pool with hippos all01:42:39
other garbage in general this was it01:42:40
beautiful01:42:42
beautiful big puddle bored animal01:42:45
the population of these penguins for two weeks01:42:47
everything was swimming fine when suddenly01:42:50
one not wonderful day these penguins01:42:54
began to float up as dead carcasses and on01:42:58
second day not a single living penguin01:43:01
left when they opened it, it’s even01:43:04
probably even I would be surprised01:43:07
I saw the photo in Moscow01:43:09
zoo and showed01:43:11
nothing at all inside except the green ones01:43:14
on the right the wearer had no mold, that is01:43:16
this time the fabric is shifted and that’s all01:43:18
green stairs spores amazing01:43:22
a spectacle considering that penguins01:43:26
how many millions of years are there supposed to be?01:43:28
evolved in Antarctica01:43:30
at negative temperatures then01:43:32
Naturally, why all the extra genes?01:43:34
keep all kinds of rubbish including01:43:36
mold resistance they were them01:43:38
lost01:43:39
when they got even in our01:43:42
Moscow01:43:43
not too sunny summer then naturally01:43:46
due to the complete lack of protective01:43:48
barriers01:43:49
they became an instant look for osprey01:43:52
matters in which I would never have thought01:43:54
came in the sense of givv01:43:55
be interested in these same penguins01:43:58
the same thing happens to us as well01:44:00
since we live in cities and we have01:44:03
good medicine antibiotics and so on01:44:05
and so on, and we and ourselves gradually01:44:08
stick has something to say about01:44:11
preservatives how it works cool ours01:44:14
life and yes yes what we are into ourselves01:44:16
put it in it's full of preservatives and01:44:18
preservatives are an ideal substrate for01:44:20
development of all kinds of mold and yeast01:44:24
Last year I was in France in the winter01:44:30
a law on reburial was adopted01:44:32
until last year in France01:44:35
boiled01:44:36
hoofs or reburied once 12 years01:44:40
Now01:44:42
hi new interval 32 years01:44:45
because there 12 1824 you dig it01:44:49
that he is alive, that is, due to01:44:51
what our our food now contains01:44:54
a colossal amount of preservatives here01:44:56
these guys stay down01:44:59
as they are and there is no point but for the living01:45:01
this doesn't work like that at all, that is, if01:45:04
these these are saved until the zombies if01:45:07
zombies are saved then the living ones are transformed01:45:10
yourself into a substrate for the development of fungi and01:45:15
finally exist01:45:18
such a special phenomenon as a mushroom01:45:21
Allergy is a very interesting thing01:45:24
for example there is one01:45:26
oh well, we'll get to it and01:45:29
finally out01:45:31
among very dangerous mushroom phenomena01:45:33
now in our country this is not the case01:45:35
mainly concerns the northern and central01:45:37
America and a little bit of Africa and its01:45:41
China has endemic especially dangerous01:45:44
mycoses01:45:45
These are fungal diseases that01:45:48
aggressively transmitted from one person to another01:45:50
to another with which it is possible01:45:52
become infected in the wild and which01:45:57
in the vast majority of cases, but01:46:00
certain circumstances lead to01:46:02
let's talk about death too, but now01:46:06
let's start with simple things here01:46:11
look, first we'll talk about01:46:14
the simplest and our traditional01:46:16
fungal diseases are epidermophytes01:46:20
that develop on our skin01:46:23
the most common among them is01:46:25
pityriasis versicolor or versicolor versicolor01:46:29
he is such a beauty basically everything01:46:32
it doesn't deprive it, in general it's more or less01:46:34
it's clear they don't represent themselves01:46:37
no serious threat other than01:46:39
cosmetic yes but it's very, very01:46:42
everyone who is somehow more on01:46:45
especially when it comes to mycosis of the foot01:46:48
they can't go to the beach01:46:50
started working in children's institutions yes01:46:53
and so on and so on in the end01:46:55
just go out there without gloves and01:46:57
meet someone01:46:58
the opposite sex imprints you01:47:01
hide crooked yellow corroded01:47:03
mushrooms, nails from which or something like that01:47:06
maybe it even starts with01:47:08
Well, that is, you can live with it, but somehow01:47:10
a little unpleasant although in principle01:47:12
it doesn't affect the general standard of living that much01:47:15
look, yes that means what01:47:22
is a cosmetic nuisance01:47:24
pityriasis versicolor01:47:26
on the beaches it's a slang name for this thing01:47:29
sun fungus because you see in01:47:32
in case of sunburn, those places where there is a fungus01:47:35
should and they don't sunbathe and if the sun01:47:38
painted a nice brown color01:47:40
vitamin d our school around the spot then01:47:43
the stain itself remains pink, I'm sure01:47:45
Have you come across something like this on the beaches?01:47:48
I definitely came across copies01:47:49
came across but it evokes sympathy yes01:47:52
but still01:47:54
pityriasis versicolor may not develop01:47:57
only later can it develop and01:47:59
his folds of fingers are interesting01:48:01
different strains like different folds01:48:04
those that develop only between01:48:06
third and fourth, that is, let's say01:48:08
those that are between the second and the first01:48:10
the idea is not in case of hybrid formation01:48:14
crumbling then still preserved01:48:16
their preferences, that is, they do not01:48:18
begin to appear suddenly between the first and01:48:20
second and so on, even the most ordinary01:48:23
dandruff that was previously unknown01:48:26
why is it still the same pityriasis versicolor01:48:28
which, breaking into the same head, he01:48:31
causes something like this01:48:32
peeling skin its close relative01:48:36
trichophyton yes, he is our handsome man01:48:41
boss is the most common01:48:45
fungal disease and even more so01:48:47
high level of development of the country cultural01:48:49
medical the higher the degree01:48:51
red trichophyton lesions here01:48:54
this is red trichophytosis of the feet and when01:48:57
such blisters appear on the skin01:49:00
heels begin to get rough01:49:02
Weeping areas appear in cracks01:49:04
between the fingers it's all red01:49:06
trichophyton and01:49:10
infection occurs in the most common01:49:13
For us the conditions are first and foremost01:49:15
of course everything is somehow related to01:49:17
water for visiting saunas01:49:20
just the sand on the beaches contains wet01:49:23
itself a sufficient amount of controversial01:49:25
bar of mycelium three captains so that we01:49:28
got it on your weeping01:49:30
steamed paws yes that’s why in principle01:49:33
to avoid this exact hour01:49:37
frequency phenomenon the main thing we can01:49:40
do it for yourself, reject it completely01:49:44
all the impersonal shoes are impersonal01:49:47
medical term that is something to experience01:49:49
came to visit you, they gave you slipper marks01:49:51
find out I didn't and who walked in them before01:49:54
this and what the poet poured there in the store01:49:56
no and get yours01:49:58
yes, but it’s better if you’re wearing01:50:01
disposable socks and so on, and what if01:50:04
you came to the bathhouse01:50:06
if you are going to the sauna then hold it in front of you01:50:08
It’s best to soak it in boiling water01:50:10
walk along this path in front of you01:50:13
and then accordingly or lay01:50:15
something on the bench because we don't01:50:16
we know whose skin scales are with which01:50:19
the contents stuck to it, well, I’m already on01:50:21
comb I'm just silent until the comb01:50:24
should only be yours, preferably01:50:26
light up every time they were already01:50:29
behind and if you didn't control fate01:50:31
combs from use to01:50:33
use that is, you don't know in01:50:35
whose hands could she end up with?01:50:37
no longer the right comb I no longer01:50:40
I'm talking about when we sit down here01:50:45
You called Yandex taxi without thinking01:50:49
thought and sat down and leaned her head against01:50:52
headrest you can do everything you can01:50:57
make an appointment with the doctor Mikola Gu01:51:00
because someone leaned against you there01:51:02
head public metroid01:51:05
this is happiness and how much is there, well then01:51:08
there you can imagine01:51:09
what could be happening in this regard?01:51:15
already trichophyton which causes mycosis01:51:17
stop and01:51:18
and can cause this is called01:51:21
inguinal dermatophytes yes this is unfortunately01:51:24
happens mostly men because01:51:27
female female hormonal background he01:51:30
unfavorable for this form of fungus01:51:32
but such troubles do happen01:51:35
even bigger troubles happen01:51:37
which are named right by their name01:51:40
trichophytosis of the fungus01:51:41
this is what people call cutting01:51:44
Ringworm is called ringworm01:51:47
ringworm because he01:51:49
cuts accordingly as you understand01:51:50
at the site of its development they completely fall out01:51:54
hair and remain at first only01:51:57
tiny, no more than a centimeter01:51:59
gray black stumps that are easy01:52:01
can be removed with tweezers, but in principle they are01:52:03
it is not necessary to take out what they then01:52:04
and they fall off themselves and if this thing is like that01:52:07
or otherwise heals, which is absolutely not01:52:09
There's definitely hair in this place01:52:14
never grow again01:52:18
so look what a wonderful thing01:52:22
it means ringworm and there are different types01:52:26
nature, for example, is purely feminine01:52:29
version it is called01:52:32
violet trichophyton im trichophyton01:52:36
and this is a group of mushrooms before the callers01:52:38
decide, in principle, women suffer from it and01:52:41
children including boys boys and01:52:43
girls feet moment of puberty01:52:45
this time this place means masculine01:52:49
male sex hormones create background01:52:51
which leads to self-healing01:52:53
boys will continue to be given this thing01:52:56
unfortunately it's a girl01:52:58
that's how unpleasant she looks01:53:01
from above and further means approximately 8001:53:05
percent of those suffering from this form01:53:09
the smaller ones are women, for example01:53:12
passing on to us01:53:14
I decide from animals they take a lot01:53:17
severe form is often not01:53:18
weeping with the formation of all kinds of eczema01:53:21
bubbles falling off for a long time is difficult01:53:24
healing leaving scars01:53:26
but meanwhile, one way or another it’s still01:53:31
superficial forms of mycoses that are so01:53:34
or else we walked a long way01:53:36
evolutionary path and do not harm us01:53:39
nothing but very serious01:53:42
troubles let's say square01:53:45
serious troubles01:53:48
means another form of superficial01:53:51
mycoses01:53:52
This01:53:54
microsporia microscope microsporia we01:53:57
We get it mainly from pets01:54:00
that is, or completely pet dogs and01:54:02
kitties01:54:03
before or01:54:04
those animals kept by the owners01:54:09
owners of dachas on their plots01:54:10
main main groups of diseases01:54:14
microsporia then of course children because01:54:16
they are rushing to install a stray kitten01:54:18
before he is licked in every possible way and then by everyone01:54:21
with this they touch themselves and those around them, and so01:54:24
after this here01:54:25
auto beastmen, it turns out you'll see, yes01:54:30
what wonderful things if we01:54:33
if you like this then01:54:34
accordingly we get on the body in01:54:36
places you to her and here they are01:54:38
initial foci of infection development if01:54:41
children if fiction scratched their heads before or01:54:44
touched the machine hairy01:54:46
participate heads we get like this01:54:48
wonderful spots fortunately no more01:54:50
three for some reason when microsporum01:54:53
develops on the head then more than three01:54:55
foci are not formed in any sense01:54:58
this is some consolation so01:55:03
means approximately01:55:06
20 percent cats 30 30 percent dogs01:55:09
are or01:55:10
carriers of microsporia or patients with it01:55:14
respectively, all places where so or01:55:16
otherwise cats hang out well, that is01:55:18
attics and basements01:55:20
Well, if you’re probably not there already01:55:22
will take you away for sure, there’s nothing to do01:55:24
attic or basement but all sorts of children01:55:26
who love abandoned places like this01:55:30
if you found out that they visited there date01:55:33
naturally washing hands trimming nails01:55:37
with a scalpel, then according to the law, dipping in vinegar01:55:39
It’s advisable to rinse it quickly01:55:42
in an official car these are the minimum01:55:44
measures you can take to01:55:46
it means, accordingly, if your child01:55:48
drags the kitten and says this01:55:50
will live with us01:55:51
then the first thing you should do is01:55:53
pick them both up and take them to the vet01:55:56
clinic and where he will check the smaller one first01:55:59
if everything turns out to be okay with him then01:56:02
you can let go of more01:56:03
and if not, then accordingly to more01:56:05
it is necessary to apply all sorts of01:56:07
preventive measures01:56:10
this is a wonderful thing it looks like to us01:56:15
I'm attractive01:56:17
which is called he is not hamsters it is01:56:21
onychomycosis begins in its frequency01:56:24
so when mushrooms eat our skin it is01:56:27
dermatophytes yes when they eat our01:56:30
the lower skin, that is, the feet, is mycosis01:56:33
wait, when they eat our nails01:56:37
it's called onychomycosis, that is, well01:56:39
respectively, fungal infection of the nails01:56:41
in fact, all three types of the disease01:56:44
can be caused by the same fungi but01:56:46
onychomycosis, that is, an extension of the nails01:56:49
This of all our superficial fungal01:56:51
the most common diseases01:56:54
the funniest thing is again to the question of01:56:57
not ago and yes yes yes forties01:57:04
it was last century01:57:06
a rare disease that01:57:10
found more in southeast Asia01:57:13
nowhere01:57:14
but in 1945, when the Soviet01:57:22
troops of the Far Eastern group01:57:24
the Kwantung Army was defeated01:57:27
is the Kwantung Army01:57:30
it’s clear the Kwantung Army is like that01:57:35
Gepon group which, starting from01:57:37
30s of the last century occupied01:57:40
almost all of Southeast Asia and01:57:43
first of all naturally career01:57:44
China both firmly held and increased01:57:48
there its positions waged war against01:57:50
Soviet Union in the Far East but in01:57:53
forty-fifth year, despite the fact that the number01:57:55
both southern armies were approximately equal in01:57:57
a million and a penny weapons01:57:59
the Kwantung Army was enough01:58:01
primitive because they didn’t have time01:58:03
throw over01:58:04
from Japan normal technology because01:58:07
also layers01:58:08
nuclear bombing all cases 8 cases01:58:11
were bad and the Kwantung Army was defeated and01:58:15
according to the contract, that's greed, listen to it01:58:19
what were we talking about once Ivan Franko01:58:22
like greed a furnace near a swamp step01:58:24
do it and you'll already get stuck in the quagmire01:58:27
deeper you with the next step but on01:58:30
remember the third name in short01:58:32
agreement between the Soviet command and01:58:35
but as a liberator01:58:38
People's Liberation Army of China01:58:40
future communist china everything01:58:43
trophies that were received from01:58:46
defeated by the Soviet Kwantung Army01:58:49
the party did not take it, gave it to itself01:58:51
to the Chinese, well, because the guys are there01:58:53
they were pressed very tightly the last time01:58:55
they didn't have a farm for a decade01:58:57
basically any material assets01:59:00
were more important than in general like you01:59:02
the existing Soviet Union but ours01:59:07
valiant01:59:08
Soviet soldiers could not resist seeing01:59:10
dear Japanese lips and therefore whole01:59:14
boxes both unused and in general01:59:17
to the heap of course already from the former to01:59:20
use01:59:21
nice leather shoes of Japanese soldiers01:59:24
they went first to the Far East and01:59:26
then to the Urals and there in the form of trophies01:59:29
We finally reached the capital of our homeland01:59:32
Means01:59:35
30 to 60 percent fungal01:59:38
diseases in Russia now amounts to01:59:40
onychomycosis and in Europe it ranges from01:59:43
15 to 30 percent depending01:59:46
what country if only the soldiers were more01:59:52
treated their orders responsibly01:59:54
commanders then maybe specific01:59:56
this is a disease that is now numbered01:59:58
alone in the world and in terms of prevalence it is02:00:01
would not hold such positions at all02:00:03
which he now has in general often02:00:06
they are completely insignificant events02:00:10
accompany02:00:12
that is, they get very far-reaching02:00:15
consequences02:00:16
now we move on to the group of mushrooms02:00:21
which02:00:25
in general, they are either not interested in us or02:00:28
very little interest but02:00:30
impaired immunity02:00:32
or not other environmentally02:00:35
unfavorable conditions become02:00:37
our worst enemies, terrible and02:00:39
capable of killing us literally in a matter of minutes02:00:42
days02:00:43
this is what I needed, what I was talking about02:00:46
it's thrush02:00:47
Well this is a pretty strong thrush yes02:00:50
because it's not such an easy raid on02:00:52
language in newborns which we02:00:55
more or less used to it, it's already quite02:00:57
a serious form of thrush which02:00:59
indicates that the child has02:01:01
immunity is not all right, but still02:01:03
if the body is more or less02:01:05
feel confident then02:01:08
thrush which is caused by marsupials02:01:12
yeast of the genus candida until it is normal02:01:15
exists either in our mouth02:01:17
or I apologize in the genital area02:01:19
organs before or inside on the mucosa02:01:22
intestines02:01:23
Well, it’s worth providing her favorable02:01:26
conditions that we have done since02:01:29
the forties of the last century like her02:01:31
Stomatitis goes away, yes it goes02:01:37
draw your own conclusions and even then02:01:41
that this is the most not rude goat who02:01:43
previously called exclusively02:01:45
our superficial02:01:47
epidermis hits that's thrush which02:01:49
replaced the spirit edifies the nails only in02:01:51
a path that would never come to anyone02:01:54
head what she can do moreover02:01:56
Now thrush is against the background of active02:01:59
antibiotic use causes02:02:01
fungal pneumonia, that is, when we02:02:05
defeat bacteria that cause inflammation02:02:09
lungs we immediately provide seats02:02:11
everyone else who loves our lungs and well02:02:14
can't be shown here but that's it all02:02:16
this white coating plus separate02:02:19
white islands02:02:20
this is the result of an attack by candida white bursa02:02:25
even up to our lungs plus if things really happen02:02:28
your diabetes is very bad02:02:31
it means you love sweets, see in02:02:34
mostly sedentary lifestyle plus02:02:36
overweight02:02:37
then here you go, here's candida for you02:02:39
there is no longer a white coating on the tongue, but it’s something02:02:42
much more interesting and treatable02:02:45
wow how not easy wow how not easy02:02:47
it can be treated because in the case of everyone02:02:50
fungal diseases02:02:52
the first thing to do is not to start02:02:54
fight the fungus to eliminate the cause02:02:56
who let him do this to us02:02:58
develop02:03:01
not only marsupial yeast can work on us02:03:05
attack but also basidiomycetes and this is yeast02:03:09
which belongs to the genus crypto like02:03:11
among02:03:13
if we allow the death of AIDS patients02:03:18
from mushrooms is approximately up to 30 to02:03:22
80 90 percent then turn among02:03:26
these percentages are from 60 to 9002:03:29
percent are these same02:03:31
basidiomycetes crypto copco you and yeast in02:03:35
normally they begin to develop in the lungs02:03:37
but if the immune system is weakened enough then02:03:41
they are sure to switch to02:03:44
at first02:03:46
then attack the nervous system02:03:48
circulatory system then bone tissue02:03:50
and then system crypto arises02:03:54
mycosis when they already break out on the skin and02:03:56
in general as in the case of penguins only02:03:58
maybe a little less clear though02:04:01
got ready, that means he has AIDS02:04:03
those who died from crypto are like goats, yeah02:04:08
please they may well call02:04:11
and here they are before subtracting the spots head02:04:15
eaten and and affected easy and if02:04:17
cut a bone02:04:19
plus in case of unfavorable conditions02:04:24
talked up to my head so I never take my cap off02:04:27
I didn’t wear it until it passed, but in the cold02:04:30
hypothermia of the meninges all this02:04:33
greatly contributes to the development of cryptococcosis02:04:35
and crypto goblet meningitis02:04:37
this is one of the most unpleasant things02:04:39
which can happen to us because02:04:41
that it usually requires lifelong02:04:44
supportive treatment here you can02:04:47
look at this turtle right here02:04:51
the meninges the brain itself these02:04:53
greenish spots yes these are all places02:04:55
click02:04:56
crypto what are infections well it looks02:05:00
quite unpleasant of course but but here you are02:05:04
in the garden you are in the garden and you are there02:05:08
all sorts of raspberries and strawberries, maybe you02:05:11
climbed the bread bin or maybe you02:05:14
they were carrying some cheese02:05:15
unexpectedly discovered in the very depths02:05:17
refrigerators and02:05:19
they have this white fluffy mold on them02:05:21
grayish running whitish grayish it02:05:25
mushrooms02:05:27
which are collectively called mukarrameh02:05:30
maybe you heard such words from Makarova02:05:32
mold but raspberry strawberry02:05:34
serratus about what class when here is Anna02:05:36
Makarov and mold that develop02:05:39
anyway02:05:41
rotting food, in principle we are people02:05:44
absolutely not needed exactly the same02:05:47
the case of candida is normal because02:05:49
they are happy02:05:51
eat rotting vegetables02:05:53
products but in case again02:05:59
great word for him02:06:03
incompetent state about him well not02:06:06
write to him 0 and competent state02:06:08
if this is the situation02:06:10
observed when inhaling here you are02:06:13
picked this berry, it's small and moldy02:06:16
sniffed the disgusting stuff and threw it all away02:06:18
yes, as they say, as young people say02:06:21
it’s too late to rush around there, a maximum of 2 is allowed02:06:23
weeks because at first two is normal02:06:28
a week is not so short02:06:29
you can do a lot in three days, look02:06:32
first let's start this apartment02:06:34
develops in the nasal cavity then02:06:37
channels02:06:38
it rises into the eyes, captures the eyes02:06:42
after this facial paralysis begins02:06:44
after this the mushroom penetrates the brain if not02:06:48
actually goodbye at best02:06:50
it takes two weeks, it’s unpleasant but02:06:52
nevertheless, there’s basically nothing further02:06:55
there was no such thing, I can’t take it02:06:58
berries of something evil fell on a person02:07:01
it was completely unthinkable only in02:07:03
these days these things are starting to work02:07:06
this means it's not a drawing02:07:08
marble and never inserted this02:07:11
a thing called beautiful02:07:13
termed farmer's lung02:07:16
easy farmer easy meaning that's it02:07:20
right or left and get confused here02:07:22
the green things in it are what farmers need02:07:25
accompanies when02:07:30
[music]02:07:32
I've come across people like this, you and I02:07:36
I don’t know whether the old ones encountered it or not02:07:38
summer residents then they come to their dacha02:07:41
they start covariation there my passed02:07:43
June is coming and especially if02:07:45
mid-July they start like this02:07:47
They're just starting to cough02:07:50
fatigue they get up from the path they worked02:07:52
a couple of hours and more and more I want to lie down02:07:54
sleep, and by the way, it’s very02:07:59
a typical thing for workers02:08:01
libraries they start digging into02:08:04
shelves of books there to drive away this dust and so02:08:07
their eyes begin to hurt02:08:09
they're tearing up, they're coughing the same thing02:08:12
start to choke it's all work like that02:08:15
or otherwise related to Omsk lines I02:08:18
In general, the workers of garbage dumps and02:08:20
especially the scariest garbage trucks02:08:23
which for some reason traditionally works02:08:25
without gauze bandages but this is not comme il faut like02:08:28
I wouldn’t give it later if it’s for a role02:08:30
you're so low on your garbage truck02:08:33
that's the chronic systemic one02:08:38
disciplined02:08:39
utopian still knows what02:08:42
allergic alveolitis and that's all that02:08:46
employees receive02:08:47
[music]02:08:49
agriculture libraries and02:08:53
city dumps and what a sad thing02:08:58
could be a pure allergy to02:09:01
disputes and real infection02:09:04
growing mycelium which02:09:09
becomes more active during summer work in02:09:12
lungs and is activated due to02:09:14
with their breath we inhale their spores and this02:09:17
a condition that lasts for years02:09:18
practically incurable I remembered when02:09:23
we talked about friends in general02:09:25
a completely unique thing that was02:09:28
only in the Soviet Union allergic02:09:33
bronchial asthma02:09:34
this didn't happen anywhere else in the world02:09:37
in the 60s, that means our scientists received02:09:41
task to develop a cheap yeast strain02:09:45
of which02:09:47
should have taken some vitamins and02:09:50
concentrates because birds are not visible02:09:53
enough proteins for02:09:54
insertion into the pocket had to be obtained02:09:57
beat vitamins and concentrates was selected02:09:59
candida yeast strain maltose again02:10:03
candida which02:10:05
which was taught to eat absolutely02:10:08
free substrate vaseline oil02:10:11
that is, a waste product02:10:14
oil distillation 0 cost and here it is02:10:17
joyfully swollen on this Vaseline02:10:19
billions of tons of this yeast were02:10:21
seven or eight factories built first02:10:25
the plant was launched, I don’t know how02:10:29
removal is correctly placed by Kirishi02:10:31
Leningrad region02:10:32
city like Kirishi Kirishi yes it was 7002:10:37
some year let's say the country became 802:10:43
whole trains went to receive coal02:10:45
this vitamin concentrate02:10:47
processed by yeast in different cities02:10:50
countries, suddenly in these unfortunate Kiryushas02:10:53
suddenly one fine night the whole city02:10:56
all the ambulances began to choke02:11:00
help02:11:01
the police are involved in general everything that drives02:11:03
government was sent by02:11:05
at home, to hospitals, and just to02:11:07
floor and even around the sign on02:11:11
arrange people in beds and provide them with02:11:13
urgent help because besides there02:11:15
common urticaria, all kinds of lacrimation02:11:18
and other nonsense real bronchial02:11:21
asthma started and people it continued02:11:23
for two weeks until02:11:25
stopped for that means as soon as02:11:28
the plant was stopped, everything stopped immediately02:11:30
and when factories like these were launched in02:11:34
Angarsk in Volgograd in several more02:11:36
cities the picture was repeated completely in02:11:38
what is the point when the resulting yeast02:11:42
reworked sequels regrinded02:11:44
here02:11:46
feed mass then the cell walls of these02:11:49
even microscopic so02:11:51
tiny that they went through everything02:11:54
installed filters flew out and hung02:11:56
above the city02:11:57
they turned out to be so allergenic02:12:00
counting chitin to all these protruding02:12:02
radicals and other differences that are immediately in02:12:07
grew up 30 times02:12:09
allergic population when well02:12:13
to the bottom where there is also a cool thing free02:12:16
yeast02:12:17
tried to start the plant there from 5 to02:12:20
15 percent power and straight away02:12:22
show off your full height, but little by little02:12:24
the same picture because it's already02:12:27
there was a relaunch and the population was already02:12:29
has been stabilized02:12:31
and even tiny portions of this one in02:12:35
what's the thrill of it is that these are these02:12:37
tiny walls should just like02:12:39
and Aspergillus spores flying over landfills02:12:42
just like those disputes that02:12:44
moldy walls of houses or attics02:12:47
or the ceilings rise towards us and02:12:49
they go down they don't care about the laws02:12:51
gravity they don't settle they're so02:12:54
lungs that the slightest currents of air02:12:56
constantly supports this aerosol02:12:59
in which we live is such dust and02:13:01
it's called don't sit assembling that is02:13:03
not settling and this is how it happens02:13:06
pig yes oh what an analogy I found02:13:09
please praise me unexpected02:13:11
taxes that's how much we eat these same02:13:15
there are always so many of them every shift02:13:18
antigens settles on us and never02:13:20
are displayed and therefore how many sports02:13:22
literally thrown away in landfills day after day02:13:25
day from year to year to of all others02:13:27
sources02:13:28
this all hangs in the air and continues02:13:30
accumulate get rid of it02:13:32
almost impossible so oh well02:13:37
this means we have reached the endemic02:13:41
contagious diseases that02:13:44
distributed mainly in the northern and02:13:47
in central america it is histoplasmosis02:13:51
blastomycosis is a very interesting phenomenon02:13:54
such mushrooms are called de mo rf us02:13:57
again on and begin to be called because02:13:59
they can live in two forms as02:14:02
mycelium and in the form of yeast mainly people02:14:07
become infected with them either at the time of cleaning02:14:11
harvest or tillage and spores fly02:14:14
or stumps of mycelium Elliott them02:14:17
carriers which are birds and02:14:20
bats therefore including this02:14:23
disease these diseases are called02:14:25
speleologists diseases cave diseases yes02:14:28
there from the cave with bats and here02:14:30
Is it she herself or attic disease well02:14:34
it’s clear that there are birds and bats on02:14:36
people live in attics traditionally, what's the joke02:14:39
these endemic diseases are jokes in02:14:42
that in those places where they02:14:45
distributed by them one way or another02:14:50
manages to get over about 9002:14:53
percent of the population they do it in02:14:56
at a young age there 5 80 years old endures it02:15:00
in an extremely mild form and there except02:15:03
easy yet not there here at night it02:15:05
flew in sprouted immunity for life02:15:08
received everything in order means we argued02:15:11
fragments of mycelium entering the lungs02:15:13
grow to form a small mycelium02:15:16
colony but after that it means they have02:15:19
there are stress thermo proteins and under02:15:22
exposure to 37 degrees these cells02:15:25
disintegrate into yeast and then form02:15:27
yeast if you give them this02:15:29
opportunity they start who weeks here02:15:31
our body if any the list02:15:35
comes to the Mississippi or Ohio area and02:15:39
and in childhood he naturally02:15:42
did not get any cryptococcosis02:15:45
Gestapo perhaps then all over again02:15:48
happens according to the standard scenario but02:15:50
because he has no developed02:15:52
stability then everything happens as02:15:54
usually before the measured one is captured first02:15:57
the circulatory system is then affected02:15:59
brain bone tissue then all this this02:16:01
this is the last stage and then all this02:16:04
rashes on the skin and in the case of European02:16:07
tourist probability of death is 8002:16:10
percent so yes here we are02:16:14
blastomycosis is also quite pleasant02:16:17
the thing is also in the last stage, so if02:16:22
you are traveling in areas with endemic mycoses then02:16:24
the first thing you must do is02:16:26
this vaccination02:16:27
another thing is that in our time02:16:29
vaccine effectiveness is02:16:31
approximately 50 percent therefore before02:16:34
How but it's still better than nothing, you know02:16:37
you see, that's why it's such a thing02:16:40
it also happens, but fortunately02:16:44
It's not very common among us02:16:46
this is what I told you about, whatever it is02:16:50
amazing nowadays in St. Petersburg02:16:53
already management companies for residents02:16:56
won several lawsuits02:16:59
this is literally the last few years02:17:02
This was basically impossible before02:17:05
unfavorable housing stock there in the first place02:17:07
Naturally, children get sick because02:17:09
that when the house has walls like these and02:17:12
you insulted her tits02:17:13
pour out their arguments then 10 first02:17:18
as the least immunocompetent02:17:20
exposed to allergic and direct02:17:23
mushroom attack accordingly02:17:26
worsening school attendance before medication02:17:29
that is, there was a group of people02:17:31
who summed it all up and put it into02:17:34
form of a claim and the management companies were02:17:38
forced to repair repairs according to02:17:40
cause of actual damage02:17:42
health, yes, that is, it used to be in02:17:45
in principle impossible, also because02:17:46
that there were no relevant studies02:17:48
as in the case of barberry and wheat and not02:17:51
there was an existing evidence base here02:17:54
I want to show that this is complete crap02:17:57
look at this little bit of something there02:17:59
scratch here and immediately cover it up02:18:03
something from the clip on top again then02:18:05
it won't give anything at all02:18:09
need to really and removal found in order02:18:11
you need to effectively get rid of mushrooms02:18:14
first, check where the moisture is coming from and02:18:17
remove all possible sources and everything02:18:22
outer covering doesn't matter what it is02:18:24
plaster paint will peel off on02:18:26
process the maximum available depth02:18:29
all imaginable antiseptics, that is02:18:31
carry out a complete overhaul02:18:33
because these are the external ones02:18:35
decorative actions like here are beautiful02:18:37
shown they will not lead to any02:18:39
why and this is an air conditioner accordingly02:18:44
if you are an office worker and feel that02:18:46
you're starting to feel unwell02:18:48
him 2 in the morning and everyone too02:18:52
coughing fatigue pain in the eyes and02:18:54
so on so on this means that yours02:18:57
employers have stinted on the most02:18:59
modern devices and installed here02:19:01
this and this becomes like02:19:04
bread box with bread overgrown with mold02:19:06
the most aggressive spore spreader02:19:09
it's an allergy it's sprouting in you like02:19:12
they used to say in the old days miasma and canto de02:19:14
and in general02:19:16
Well, I can talk for a long time about this topic02:19:18
yes, but again, what we don’t have yet, but in02:19:22
in the Western world there are already satisfied02:19:24
claims for changing air conditioners, that's where it comes from02:19:28
this picture came out if you remember02:19:30
at the very beginning, by chance these comrades02:19:33
which on the one hand are victims on the other02:19:36
hand pests landfill workers and02:19:40
people transporting garbage you are all this02:19:43
scary yes it's just like that I don't know02:19:45
during the plague, walking with an infected carcass02:19:48
and so breaking off a piece from it02:19:50
scatter it along the city street here02:19:53
That's pretty much what he's doing here02:19:56
when the box is open, look guys02:19:59
yes, that's what's typical about them02:20:02
no cotton gauze bandages, that is02:20:04
they are already deeply unhappy people amazed02:20:06
everything you can be hit by, but with02:20:09
they roll these things around the city02:20:11
then they [ __ ] you anyhow02:20:13
anywhere and you and I continue to live02:20:15
in and smart in the cloud02:20:17
scientists terrible things moreover02:20:21
and this is again common in02:20:23
Western world in autumn and especially in winter02:20:27
need to be demanded from utilities02:20:29
cleaning the area more thoroughly because02:20:32
all theta accumulated over 8 winters02:20:35
liquid and semi-liquid mud02:20:36
when it dries and in the spring02:20:38
cracked form of dust means02:20:41
will begin with a fresh spring wind02:20:43
climb up a flight of stairs fly into02:20:46
open windows to settle on the window sills02:20:48
and on the walls this is all, respectively02:20:51
same Mika gene allergy02:20:53
mycoses followed by tuberculosis02:20:56
and so on and so on so yeah that's it02:21:00
yes, that's roughly what I'm talking about, let's do it02:21:03
let's see about02:21:04
That's where the pictures ended, now02:21:06
let me summarize what to do02:21:10
so that we can effectively02:21:13
to avoid02:21:15
more or less fungal diseases but02:21:18
sad as it is and although I am02:21:21
a categorical opponent of this phenomenon02:21:23
this is healthy life this is healthy life healthy life again for so long02:21:27
healthy lifestyle and self-care02:21:29
in absolute him on competent02:21:31
the state may allow us either way or02:21:34
otherwise02:21:35
avoid fungal diseases without02:21:39
superficial ones which are not as dangerous as02:21:41
this is what we found out, namely optional02:21:45
deep deadly mycoses02:21:47
which could fall on us if we02:21:50
we will not follow basic rules02:21:52
a healthy lifestyle means that02:21:54
applies to all lichens and so on and so forth02:21:58
when using02:22:01
public transport to we do not02:22:03
lean against the headrest when02:22:06
visiting saunas, swimming pools and beaches02:22:10
we only use our own shoes02:22:12
if we rent any02:22:14
skates up or something that requires02:22:16
rental there and of course we use it02:22:19
disposable socks which after that02:22:21
we mercilessly throw it away if it’s in our house02:22:24
there lives a person who somehow02:22:26
I caught a fungus, yes according to statistics02:22:29
60 percent of infections come from02:22:32
relatives living together02:22:34
cis is completely natural then before it02:22:37
complete extraction this poor fellow must02:22:39
be more or less isolated02:22:42
opportunity to live in your own room02:22:44
his clothes shouldn't just be washed02:22:47
wash separately and with cookies and02:22:49
disinfectants and so on02:22:52
and so on, no common combs really02:22:55
especially since there are shoes and slippers of clothing02:22:57
towels and other things, that is02:22:59
everything they may find themselves on02:23:01
skin flakes that can lead us02:23:04
everything they contain if we02:23:06
we find ourselves in nature02:23:07
you arrived at the dacha, yes that means02:23:10
it starts, so you take a vacuum cleaner and02:23:14
you start kicking dust around the corners of the house02:23:16
I'm raising all the arguments with this tobacco02:23:19
which accumulated over the winter then begin02:23:21
hang carpets on all these02:23:23
the ropes will start with these like these things02:23:25
called which freken side end02:23:27
I was catching up and this is where it begins02:23:29
knocking you out just sinking in02:23:32
this is an aerosol cloud with spores you02:23:34
not whole and aspergers02:23:35
then you start digging the ground to the heights02:23:40
sticking the shovel deep and high02:23:42
throws up beautiful fertile02:23:45
adding soil adding to yourself yes these02:23:48
here are the most02:23:49
scraps of mycelium spores you are not doing this02:23:51
just so you do it without gloves02:23:53
naturally yes and ebay without bandages up to02:23:56
inhaling deeply and02:23:59
enjoying all this delight of ours02:24:01
Then02:24:02
because you want the earth to be02:24:04
just good for your plants02:24:06
bottom like fluff you start naked02:24:09
knead these lumps with your hands02:24:11
that's why it's pleasant no matter what you have02:24:13
the skin will crack and everything will be stuffed in there02:24:16
this earth is about to fall off under your fingernails02:24:18
so it’s just a whole zoo there02:24:20
or rather flags02:24:21
yes all this is in captivity but that’s not all02:24:25
you know this, our land near Moscow, yes02:24:28
if you don't stuff manure in, then she's nothing02:24:31
will give and that's why these signs begin02:24:34
throw it on the cart with a pitchfork in a wheelbarrow and there you go02:24:37
these cars are driven cheerfully and fall out02:24:40
that's what's flying at you and the conclusion02:24:42
just spit it out for nothing02:24:44
task you don't have a task to really im02:24:47
in place it just turns out that way02:24:50
it means, well, or I fly, then it starts02:24:53
burning last year's leaves02:24:55
will be returned, that is, throughout02:24:58
about a week, a freshly arrived summer resident02:25:01
usually burn yourself and your family02:25:04
slave labor is attracted, it is pleasant02:25:07
here it all is in colossal02:25:10
aerosol dispute to you emotional02:25:13
are in the cloud, so what after that?02:25:15
it comes clear then some02:25:16
allergies like malaise and what kind02:25:19
children cold symptoms that do not02:25:21
are treated with no means at all02:25:22
because it's unclear where they came from02:25:25
and so on and so on well I see yes02:25:27
what should I do from everything that I02:25:29
listed02:25:31
that means the children are running to02:25:33
neighbors stroking kittens persistently02:25:36
so it's scary our memory is what's in the country02:25:39
this is the scariest place in terms of02:25:42
the potential for getting mycoses is worse02:25:44
nothing can be imagined in the dacha02:25:46
to get a threat comparable in02:25:49
when visiting a dacha you need to go to those places where02:25:52
homeless people traditionally live under some02:25:55
heating mains and where the guys from02:25:57
disadvantaged republic spends the night there and02:26:00
rub there and all sorts of walls lie there02:26:03
those places where they live without any02:26:05
jokes that is, accordingly02:26:08
strict personal hygiene02:26:11
tracking children and themselves during02:26:13
communication02:26:14
with pets included02:26:16
your own if you let the cat go02:26:18
free range everything or euthanasia or already02:26:22
further, well, no, it’s really dangerous for everyone02:26:28
Well, I can go on and on but02:26:31
I think globally you get the idea02:26:33
that means the mushrooms will still defeat us we we02:26:36
are still very young and they don’t come to us02:26:39
got used to it now it's just happening02:26:41
here are all the mushrooms that have not been with us for a long time02:26:43
we don't touch the pump, we just do it02:26:45
slightly ugly02:26:46
and here are the mushrooms that are us now02:26:48
are actively learning they do not yet know how to02:26:51
you are friends with the same syphilis in the 18th century02:26:55
killed a man in two months and now02:26:58
it all can go down the drain then treat it02:27:00
there is a pathogen it adapts to02:27:02
to its owner there is an active02:27:05
evolution, what are we doing with these mushrooms?02:27:07
kitan 50 years old a little more we deal in02:27:10
In general, wait a few more generations02:27:12
and I think that maybe at least partly02:27:14
in some cases the situation02:27:16
things will get better if you still have strength and02:27:18
temporary questions listen yes of course02:27:31
to patrol with a shout to them02:27:44
great question because why is it like this02:27:50
the fight is still ineffective02:27:53
drug on I'll say the fight against02:27:56
mushrooms, but there are no problems with bacteria02:27:59
damn kicked antibiotics there are no bacteria well02:28:02
unless of course it's not successful by chance02:28:04
a strain that has already achieved this02:28:06
antibiotic to adapt in case02:28:08
mushrooms all drugs that are aimed02:28:11
against them unfortunately more or less in02:28:14
they act against us to the same extent02:28:17
because unlike bacteria which02:28:19
prokaryotes do not contain a nucleus and nothing at all02:28:23
other mushrooms like us and ukkari here and02:28:25
all the damaging substances that will come out02:28:28
are produced against eukaryotic02:28:31
fungal cells02:28:32
they are almost as effective02:28:35
That's why they affect us too02:28:37
systemic antifungal drugs up to02:28:39
Antibiotics are used only in extreme cases02:28:42
case for a person until when it is already02:28:45
really connected with the threat is not just02:28:48
health from life therefore antifungal02:28:51
drugs like you are looking for02:28:57
blocks chitin synthesis02:29:01
antibiotics are not only and there are antibiotics02:29:06
the most important direction that02:29:08
directional blocking, that's the point02:29:13
what's important02:29:15
direction against cesspool drugs02:29:18
and why it works effectively for02:29:19
animals, yes, because you don’t feel sorry for them02:29:23
in the case of people, well, I don’t feel so sorry for them here either02:29:26
yes it is effective but it comes with02:29:28
very serious system fees and02:29:29
because the main target is still02:29:33
as as as in the case of antibacterial02:29:35
drugs are the synthesis of DNA and RNA from an essay02:29:39
and protein biosynthesis02:29:41
selective influence on chitin but02:29:44
I honestly don't even think that it is02:29:47
can seriously affect the success02:29:50
treatment natural natural fungicides02:29:55
they are ineffective in our case02:30:01
because they are usually produced02:30:05
closely related mushroom headquarters02:30:07
against a friend, well, not very successful02:30:09
example but here's how Fleming discovered his02:30:12
antibacterial drug yes here it is02:30:15
engine colony classic example02:30:16
grow towards each other collide02:30:19
and a line appears between them, here they are02:30:21
they begin to extinguish each other, that is, no02:30:25
It makes no sense to use it in the grand scheme of things02:30:27
because what will work for some02:30:31
Well, let's say there's one colony of this fungus02:30:33
a knot won't necessarily work for another02:30:35
plus resistance to fungi02:30:38
a natural fungicide occurs like this02:30:40
quickly here is a classic example02:30:42
there is a constant war between here02:30:45
deaf mushrooms you know these are records02:30:48
the records are completely overgrown as02:30:50
their prostrate and saffron milk caps before or at the flywheels02:30:53
very often white yellow-orange02:30:56
all sorts of things, this is an example of a continuous02:30:58
multi-stage evolutionary race these02:31:02
marsupial parasites crawl onto mushrooms and02:31:05
start eating them on that02:31:06
a new generation is being developed02:31:08
these fungicides produce anti02:31:10
fungicides are, well, that is, there’s nothing here02:31:13
catch unfortunately, that is, yes without02:31:26
raise and no, honestly, well, at all02:31:35
biologically active substances of plants02:31:38
extremely varied and there from02:31:40
simple bitterness in the end, giving it away all sorts of things02:31:42
plant poisons traditionally02:31:43
used to treat cancer in all02:31:46
its forms and sometimes even partly02:31:48
successfully, here I go again, woe, I’m not a doctor02:31:52
I can't imagine what what what02:31:55
exactly does I don't even remember what you are02:31:58
they said, like yes no no02:32:02
I imagine I know for sure that02:32:06
modern medicines02:32:07
well, it’s from the classic, well, something like02:32:10
harry calls ulvi need where to use02:32:12
sulfur compound something else until new02:32:16
cool anti my bones02:32:18
extraction is certainly possible it can02:32:20
take different times from several02:32:22
months to maybe even several02:32:25
years before but that's for sure02:32:29
the trouble that can happen is02:32:31
which in about half the cases02:32:33
relapses occur02:32:34
after some time because everything02:32:36
your skin is already prepared for02:32:38
taking a mushroom that you got rid of but02:32:40
anyway, unfortunately anyway02:32:42
you can cure it a second and third time02:32:44
Of course, the less often this happens02:32:46
the better, but it’s not 100%02:32:50
the drug with which this is done once and02:32:52
forever, not including surgical02:32:55
laser nail removal or something02:32:58
there are no varnishes like this yet02:33:00
ointments Denmark plaster and these for now02:33:03
one hundred percent02:33:04
there is no treatment02:33:09
that's even good02:33:16
such black [ __ ], well, basically02:33:23
the simplest folk methods yes it is there02:33:25
like vinegar or something but it's02:33:27
of course it doesn't help it's useless02:33:30
means the deepest recess02:33:34
preferably repairs nothing more02:33:36
and02:33:37
the bathtub needs to be taken out and everything treated02:33:40
its edges, respectively, the wall where the whole02:33:42
It is also advisable to change the recess around it02:33:44
all the tiles because we don’t see but02:33:46
under these seams and behind this mask02:33:48
black thing marsupial my name is no02:33:51
it spreads very effectively and here it is02:33:55
like rust in the pine trees outside you can02:33:57
do anything but in the center02:33:58
trunk she will sit and wait for her02:34:00
hours here are absolutely the same stories02:34:03
extremely difficult thing to deduce02:34:05
so practically no because she02:34:10
takes more or less shape02:34:11
existence of lichen, that is, such02:34:14
flat pressed very slowly02:34:16
spreading dense compact02:34:18
the vaporization process there is almost02:34:20
no therefore well yes that’s how it is in their case02:34:23
lishaev, even though you're a bad omen02:34:26
show yourself this is something02:34:29
aesthetic violation even snow-white02:34:31
kwanno there with all the glitter and02:34:33
other differences but in general for02:34:35
health and especially for life02:34:38
does not pose any threat why ours02:34:50
the immune system does not produce02:34:53
antibodies02:34:56
I do, it means the thing is that antibodies and02:35:02
how how the immune system works02:35:05
she can develop some conditional02:35:08
antigens to neutralize some02:35:11
substances or very small fragments02:35:13
that is, in any case it is aimed02:35:16
against something very small or02:35:17
molecules or, let’s say, individual ones02:35:21
bacteria fungus when we get in02:35:24
healthy living organism when02:35:28
dispute grows02:35:29
arguing and carrying around so arguing when he's just02:35:32
pushes skin cells apart and begins02:35:34
penetrate deeply and at this level02:35:36
the immune system kicks in and it02:35:38
works continuously and that's all these02:35:40
here are antibodies and others, they are software in02:35:43
we are being developed02:35:44
because this is all the skin that happens02:35:46
and that’s all the dying mucous membranes02:35:49
result of work02:35:50
successful functioning of our immune system02:35:52
but when the mushroom breaks through and02:35:54
already looks healthy02:35:57
big yes but just not bearing fruit02:35:59
Donbass is such a colossal tomb02:36:02
the immune system can no longer02:36:04
cope also because if02:36:07
if it worked well she wouldn't have it02:36:09
I missed it and would have removed it at the level02:36:11
growing up controversy02:36:12
if it is inside and it is actively developing02:36:15
and that means our immune system02:36:16
initially was not able02:36:18
Here's how to deal with this threat02:36:21
would be proof by contradiction02:36:22
yes, speaking in the language of mathematics02:36:31
thrush no thrush always happens02:36:34
only in the form here, only in the form of yeast02:36:39
like everything it amazes me, I don’t even know how02:36:44
answer effectively, look here02:36:51
what is this all white coating?02:36:53
it's just a lot of these here02:36:55
cells single-celled yeast up to the genus candida02:36:58
white thrush who will come and pester you02:37:01
a large colony, there are a lot of them, they are nearby02:37:03
they continue to multiply and this02:37:05
they cover with film all available to them02:37:07
surface that is from not that02:37:09
some kind of mycelium is spreading, yes it is02:37:11
there are many individual cells of yeast here02:37:14
which I told you there is histoplasmosis and02:37:16
blastomycosis02:37:17
they begin to develop as myceliums and02:37:20
further disintegrate into individual yeasts and02:37:22
multiply like a road case of candida02:37:24
no matter what kind of dense thick films then in02:37:27
no matter where it formed it02:37:29
doesn't matter02:37:30
a colossal grouping of individuals02:37:32
independent cells not mycelium02:37:42
maybe yes of course I do that02:37:45
each of us for the time being02:37:49
who's lucky it's a couple and time lasts until02:37:51
the most prosperous death candida lives02:37:55
In general, we have quite an allied02:37:58
mushroom the main role for us which02:38:01
is to hold back02:38:03
other more dangerous pathogens are given02:38:05
Slegontsa eats us up and, for example, with his hands02:38:08
there is excellent protection here, yes if the lymphocyte02:38:11
protective cell immune yes ours02:38:14
the immune system eats candida it does not02:38:16
can digest it because02:38:18
polysaccharides02:38:19
shells tremble this they are designed this way02:38:23
way that he hangs her, that is, in02:38:26
in the end william doc no and she02:38:27
is he freed or does he reject her back?02:38:30
because he can't digest it02:38:32
condition preservatives are just food for02:38:45
mushrooms are just like lignin02:38:47
cellulose02:38:48
no matter antibiotics preservatives plastic02:38:52
up composite material mushrooms due02:38:55
its colossal rich enzyme02:38:58
systems learned to digest huge02:39:01
amount of organic matter and02:39:04
organic preservatives and or fabrics02:39:09
which are treated with preservatives02:39:11
I don't know the biochemistry of this process02:39:13
oh well, the fabrics that were subjected to02:39:15
the effects of preservatives and how are you02:39:17
changed their structure I'm not a biochemist I'm02:39:19
mycologist does not matter means based on02:39:25
from the articles that I have read completely02:39:28
it’s not important, it means you’re all sorts of things02:39:30
there are benzene milks and so on02:39:33
organic acids are easy for mushrooms02:39:35
just on the way but02:39:38
preservatives and inorganic influence02:39:41
in the same way for susceptibility to fungi02:39:45
it's just beyond what I'm into02:39:47
able to explain so I can say02:39:49
this is a scientific factDescription:
Сериал Царство Грибов в приложении Моя Планета, в Google Play... https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ru.imult.planet Лекция о гриба миколога миколога Михаила Вишневского, одна из цикла лекций в Аптекарском огороде, Москва, 2018
Preparing download options
* — If the video is playing in a new tab, go to it, then right-click on the video and select "Save video as..."
** — Link intended for online playback in specialized players
Questions about downloading video
How can I download "Грибы вредители и грибы паразиты, лекция миколога Михаила Вишневского, Москва, Аптекарский огород" video?
http://unidownloader.com/ website is the best way to download a video or a separate audio track if you want to do without installing programs and extensions.
The UDL Helper extension is a convenient button that is seamlessly integrated into YouTube, Instagram and OK.ru sites for fast content download.
UDL Client program (for Windows) is the most powerful solution that supports more than 900 websites, social networks and video hosting sites, as well as any video quality that is available in the source.
UDL Lite is a really convenient way to access a website from your mobile device. With its help, you can easily download videos directly to your smartphone.
Which format of "Грибы вредители и грибы паразиты, лекция миколога Михаила Вишневского, Москва, Аптекарский огород" video should I choose?
The best quality formats are FullHD (1080p), 2K (1440p), 4K (2160p) and 8K (4320p). The higher the resolution of your screen, the higher the video quality should be. However, there are other factors to consider: download speed, amount of free space, and device performance during playback.
Why does my computer freeze when loading a "Грибы вредители и грибы паразиты, лекция миколога Михаила Вишневского, Москва, Аптекарский огород" video?
The browser/computer should not freeze completely! If this happens, please report it with a link to the video. Sometimes videos cannot be downloaded directly in a suitable format, so we have added the ability to convert the file to the desired format. In some cases, this process may actively use computer resources.
How can I download "Грибы вредители и грибы паразиты, лекция миколога Михаила Вишневского, Москва, Аптекарский огород" video to my phone?
You can download a video to your smartphone using the website or the PWA application UDL Lite. It is also possible to send a download link via QR code using the UDL Helper extension.
How can I download an audio track (music) to MP3 "Грибы вредители и грибы паразиты, лекция миколога Михаила Вишневского, Москва, Аптекарский огород"?
The most convenient way is to use the UDL Client program, which supports converting video to MP3 format. In some cases, MP3 can also be downloaded through the UDL Helper extension.
How can I save a frame from a video "Грибы вредители и грибы паразиты, лекция миколога Михаила Вишневского, Москва, Аптекарский огород"?
This feature is available in the UDL Helper extension. Make sure that "Show the video snapshot button" is checked in the settings. A camera icon should appear in the lower right corner of the player to the left of the "Settings" icon. When you click on it, the current frame from the video will be saved to your computer in JPEG format.
What's the price of all this stuff?
It costs nothing. Our services are absolutely free for all users. There are no PRO subscriptions, no restrictions on the number or maximum length of downloaded videos.