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Video tags
Subtitles
Russian
00:00:02
How did mushrooms emerge as a kingdom of life?00:00:06
and I have to bring my own00:00:09
deepest respect to the audience00:00:11
those present at this lecture because00:00:13
I subjected myself to this terrible test00:00:16
the lecture was incredibly difficult, of course00:00:19
its simple 1 6 taking into account the fact that00:00:21
the audience tuned in00:00:23
popular science version but still00:00:25
people had to listen to the story00:00:27
the occurrence of fungi from the occurrence00:00:29
the moon and well, because it was the moon that created00:00:33
on our planet the conditions for the emergence00:00:35
life and end with modern days00:00:39
a brief mention of all the diversity00:00:41
mushrooms, we eventually came to the conclusion that00:00:44
mushrooms have been around for a long time00:00:46
from one and a half to maybe two s00:00:48
half a billion years ago00:00:50
simultaneously with the emergence of others00:00:53
bacterial and eukaryotic00:00:55
organisms, perhaps this happened00:00:57
repeatedly that is, when you appeared00:01:00
some mushrooms that turned out to be00:01:01
if unsuccessful they disappeared, mushrooms appeared00:01:04
new life forms evolve a lot00:01:06
it is diverse and parallel and already00:01:09
somewhere a billion years ago everything came together00:01:12
the main groups of mushrooms that we have00:01:14
now there are marsupials there00:01:16
basidiomycetes other compound words00:01:18
include more expensive approximately 240 25000:01:23
million years ago mushrooms looked like this00:01:25
what do they look like now00:01:26
that is, the principle is dad forward more or00:01:29
less dinosaurs on I'm already quite possible00:01:31
was thinking about fly agaric and aspen mushrooms00:01:33
chanterelle mushrooms and other00:01:35
I'm not even talking about all sorts of interesting things00:01:37
parasites like rust smut they are still spa00:01:40
travelers began their successful00:01:42
existence and so on00:01:44
Today00:01:46
we will touch upon this with you very much00:01:52
maybe even a difficult topic because00:01:54
that we will constantly talk about mushrooms00:01:57
in a negative connotation00:01:59
we'll talk about mushrooms that harm us00:02:04
in a variety of ways00:02:08
There are a variety of mushrooms that00:02:12
spoils our buildings, our clothes00:02:14
technique that is00:02:16
these are destructor mushrooms, look at this00:02:19
little screen but this is such a cool type of destruction00:02:22
of course many have encountered00:02:23
if not in a living tone the picture is like00:02:25
champignons are cracking the asphalt00:02:28
champignon this is asphalt this is real00:02:30
destruction although it's funny because00:02:32
in the end it all comes down to material things00:02:34
costs of public utilities00:02:36
reluctantly and of course yes but it is certain00:02:39
damage mushrooms look not only ours00:02:44
industry to our buildings and our00:02:47
household items but also our pets as00:02:50
domestic and grown in00:02:52
industrial complexes they attack00:02:55
our harvest they spoil our product and00:02:58
which are stored in refrigerators at home00:03:00
the bread box is under the plans, well, it’s not all mushrooms00:03:04
unfortunately, and the further it goes00:03:07
is happening00:03:08
they are attacking ourselves more actively and on a larger scale00:03:13
if let's say until mid-twenties00:03:16
century00:03:17
mushrooms and fungal diseases were00:03:19
quite exotic now it is00:03:22
mass phenomenon and degree of aggressiveness00:03:27
fungi as parasites and pathogens00:03:29
people increases every year00:03:31
Well now let's start slowly and00:03:35
we will try to take as a general outline00:03:40
the historical path of humanity00:03:43
I like to start from afar now will00:03:45
of course not the moon yes but we'll start around00:03:47
years since 100-200 thousand years ago when00:03:51
homo habilis began to be no longer only00:03:55
skillful but even less intelligent and00:03:57
began active construction of a home00:04:00
if we take the north, the crooks were building00:04:04
usually made of stones and bones, but whoever00:04:06
what did they get to, who lived where and who00:04:08
who hunted if it was the south then how00:04:11
usually it was either easy00:04:13
skins or wood wood beautiful00:04:17
The material is light and quite durable00:04:20
in the southern area it is natural that the first00:04:25
who noticed this were mushrooms 300:04:28
group of mushrooms00:04:29
some of them are wood eaters00:04:31
grasses and other rock eaters00:04:33
if such summer phages and fungi keratin and00:04:39
Phil and those who mastered singing hooves00:04:42
wool00:04:43
until the remains of the enemy’s skin and others are few00:04:46
nutrient substrates00:04:47
in the last lecture we came to the conclusion that00:04:51
the main food as well as the main allies for00:04:54
mushrooms are plants mushrooms came to land00:04:57
together with plants or met them00:05:00
came onto land with other mushrooms and00:05:03
together with them they formed the soil and then00:05:06
we have learned to live quite well with them00:05:09
together in symbiosis or parasitize on00:05:11
them or animals digest their remains00:05:13
cats are evolutionary00:05:16
the roads connected quite late and00:05:18
therefore, as a rule, mushrooms are preferred in00:05:21
one type of plant or another00:05:22
all these meats and horns, hooves and00:05:25
other nonsense they leave behind is bacteria00:05:27
worms and other consumers but00:05:30
several groups of fungi have adapted and00:05:33
this is quite poorly understood and young for00:05:37
mushroom food00:05:39
if you take wood, mushrooms are powerful00:05:45
herbs and are one of the main videos00:05:49
processors, for example, our forests if00:05:52
If only mushrooms would not process lignin00:05:54
mushrooms are the only ones in nature00:05:56
lignin utilizers they are completely00:05:58
bury yourself with your branches and00:06:00
leaves and trunks for about 20 years and00:06:05
living normal photosynthetic00:06:07
there would be practically no plants left00:06:09
so the mushrooms started with pleasure00:06:12
attack people's wooden buildings00:06:16
the most interesting group of mushrooms in this00:06:20
plan are house mushrooms anyone00:06:22
heard about house mushrooms and his00:06:26
scientific this is a cool thing yes it is00:06:29
so I wanted to show you started two00:06:31
funny pictures00:06:33
Schumpeter breaking Osvaldo that's if you00:06:36
Let's say you're going to the tropics, then there's no need00:06:38
take fashionable clothes with you, there are leather ones00:06:40
shoes expensive handbags yes because00:06:42
usually this happens with clothes right away00:06:45
such00:06:46
and, accordingly, rubber slippers00:06:48
synthetics of any kind have no other light00:06:50
meaning because you can break up00:06:52
the most expensive collection but00:06:56
look at this beauty00:06:59
the stove starts somewhere on the wall00:07:01
Yes, and that’s where the junction of the posts is00:07:04
the wettest place begins to grow00:07:07
house mushroom these are the ones to hold fuel00:07:11
I need these white things00:07:14
spreading mycelium, that is, mycelium00:07:16
By the way, house flu is flu00:07:18
a close relative of the trumpet mushrooms and00:07:20
respectively pig ears white and so on00:07:23
further active house mushrooms00:07:26
Wood destroyers are not particularly dangerous00:07:29
because they know how to get water for themselves from00:07:34
wood, it doesn't matter how good the tree is00:07:36
dried they only need one single moment00:07:39
the moment of entering the buildings and here and here00:07:42
humidity is important for them, but as soon as00:07:44
house mushroom found a wet area00:07:47
wood and developed the initial00:07:49
the mycelium further he begins00:07:50
it's great to feed yourself its name00:07:54
in Latin it sounds like sir paul lac le00:07:57
mans lacalut means crying because00:08:01
what can he do00:08:02
from one cubic meter let's say pine00:08:04
allocate up to 10 buckets of water00:08:07
it doesn't matter at all anymore00:08:09
how dry or dead the pine is or00:08:13
wet naturally look what00:08:17
it turns out by mastering a section of the wall mushroom00:08:22
quickly takes over the entire house or if00:08:25
for example, this is a bridge, it’s completely calm00:08:28
settling on the edge00:08:29
water and he began to master this00:08:33
part of your own and then the whole brain00:08:35
after this fruiting bodies are formed00:08:37
which look so beautiful00:08:41
amusing the one who looks like a tinder00:08:43
lying on the floor where why are you telling him00:08:45
property as well as how to navigate00:08:46
he can feel from above from below00:08:48
feel equally good00:08:50
it is especially dangerous because00:08:54
wood in the place he started00:08:56
there suddenly end it starts00:08:58
throw away like horror movies from co00:09:00
all these cool and other things00:09:02
long searching cords is such a pencil00:09:05
a thick plexus of mycelium is sufficient00:09:08
tough which is like a climber's trick00:09:10
climbs the overlap between them00:09:13
floors cling to any cracks on the window sill00:09:15
crawls anywhere and even if the building00:09:18
mostly fireplace but at the same time there00:09:20
with some kind of wooden floors or00:09:22
they will be found by supporting structures00:09:24
everyone and eventually master the mushroom completely00:09:27
the entire volume provided to him is approximately00:09:29
in the Middle Ages, people already understood that00:09:32
There is no point in fighting house mushrooms00:09:35
none and it’s better to light them00:09:37
the only one more or less successful00:09:41
an experiment in this regard took place in00:09:44
1868 in France00:09:46
when was the largest 80 built?00:09:51
cannon legates for that time and00:09:54
traditions before tied a bottle to a rope00:09:57
champagne pumped up released very much00:09:59
We were surprised when the bottle went all the way in00:10:01
into the ship and disappeared in it and when they began00:10:04
to investigate the reason it turned out that before00:10:07
after all, the sheep skin ate the lady00:10:09
shaved and now the poor ship pulled us out00:10:12
tatami took more than four years00:10:14
to completely change the skin and you00:10:17
install lighting was easy00:10:19
unthinkable given the costs incurred00:10:23
also a good example for those who will00:10:26
servers yes this is the Church of the Transfiguration00:10:30
in Kizhi first here00:10:34
you can see the unique method00:10:35
restoration of 2 2004 houses and mushroom00:10:39
devoured it almost completely so in 200400:10:42
restoration work began00:10:44
which with varying degrees of success because00:10:46
It is impossible to completely get rid of the fungus00:10:47
he returns in an unexpected way00:10:50
including disputes brought by hope00:10:52
workers lifting it like this00:10:55
piece by piece here it is00:10:57
metal scaffolding and and slowly me00:10:59
I forgot the log so look00:11:01
this story is already almost 15 years old and it00:11:04
house mushrooms will never end00:11:08
caused enormous damage to our00:11:10
railways if you take the northern00:11:15
way then for example two stations I of course00:11:19
I might confuse it, I'll remind you that it was00:11:21
Bystryanka and Gostskaya they were00:11:24
completely eaten by house mushrooms00:11:27
tried to rebuild but in the end how00:11:28
usually burned and rebuilt00:11:30
stone00:11:31
why do you think we are now on00:11:35
railways all pillars all00:11:39
platforms all sleepers00:11:41
it’s not because it’s concrete00:11:44
it’s better to say so for trains because00:11:47
wooden sleepers are much more alive00:11:49
movable breathable flexible and when composition00:11:53
walks along the rails where they lie00:11:55
suitably processed00:11:57
wooden sleepers are safer00:12:00
15 percent if not 20 percent than if00:12:02
he walks on concrete sleepers but ours00:12:05
the railways lost the fight against00:12:08
house mushrooms, that is, annually00:12:11
had to besides what he wanted 200:12:14
there are all sorts of mine-supporting platforms00:12:16
wooden pole designs every year00:12:19
along all our railway lines00:12:21
tens of thousands of sleepers were changed and00:12:24
over time they have learned to soak them00:12:26
creosote helped for 10-15 years00:12:28
then of course he learned from evolution00:12:30
creosote mushrooms adapt to what00:12:32
whatever, and in general, in the end it was a battle00:12:35
lost00:12:39
not only the buildings themselves but also the business00:12:43
fungi damage wood, you know what?00:12:46
this is what these things are like those who00:12:49
goes to the forest to look for a blue tint and these00:12:56
the things are called charisa morphs, they're black00:13:00
alien myceliums are very dense density00:13:03
is achieved due to the fact that they00:13:04
produce melanin which makes its way00:13:08
under the bark and grab the tree by00:13:10
tree when you come to the forest here00:13:12
you are one tree with honey agaric mod, another and you00:13:15
think these are different mushrooms00:13:16
nothing like it when honey fungus00:13:19
captures one tree, so black00:13:21
strands under the bark go down and pass00:13:23
underground they take over neighboring trees00:13:26
then the next explorers and in the end we00:13:29
we can get something like this00:13:31
reaches the age of 8 thousand years00:13:35
200-300 thousand hectares and total weight and and00:13:39
exceeds 50 plus volume this00:13:41
the only organism visible from00:13:43
space, that is, a forest that is completely00:13:45
captured such a thing we have in the state00:13:48
Oregon and accordingly the largest00:13:50
a living organism in the world is not at all00:13:53
blue whale and not just any squid, but this00:13:56
regular blue tint because blue00:13:58
you can't see a whale from space like this00:14:01
at least easily without special00:14:03
optics mushrooms such as autumn honey fungus and00:14:06
other mushrooms growing on wood00:14:09
actively live at the sawmill eat00:14:11
wood warehouses and so on and so on00:14:13
further, in general, they harm in every possible way00:14:15
ways here are matrices parity root00:14:19
sponge root sponge destroys sometimes00:14:22
up to 90 percent of landings, especially if00:14:25
are they pure fir trees or pure pine trees or00:14:26
pure birch trees00:14:28
any clean landings require00:14:30
active development of parasites therefore00:14:33
an example of one of the actively harmful fungi00:14:36
sometimes mushrooms cause harm by staining them00:14:39
you can see the wood here and it's blue00:14:41
color staining may occur on00:14:44
at any stage here is the dry wood that00:14:46
not yet cut down as a standing tree00:14:48
to almost finished products00:14:51
which go on sale00:14:53
staining00:14:55
was considered a big disaster until the Europeans00:14:57
designers friend didn't learn it00:14:59
they began to make it00:15:00
decorative pieces of furniture that00:15:03
built are incomparably more expensive than this00:15:06
could be in their natural form well00:15:10
the older generation should know this00:15:12
comrade maybe even if days I him00:15:17
I show you here as an example of what00:15:21
not only wood are my stones00:15:23
are destroyed by fungi00:15:26
if these are some kind of lichens, then that’s all00:15:29
it is clear whether lichens secrete ball00:15:32
acids are slowly immersed in the substrate00:15:34
slowly creeping apart but they don't00:15:36
destroy stones00:15:37
active, but there are such mushrooms, mushrooms00:15:40
Leta Phil and who highlighting their complex00:15:43
acids can destroy connective00:15:48
these are what they call solutions00:15:51
with which they cover the tab and even in00:15:55
France and Germany if the castles00:15:57
the ancient knight's was destroyed here00:16:00
such mushrooms that are here00:16:01
they just eat the familiar one00:16:04
statue here you go yes here they are crawling00:16:07
you can see it exactly like this in the bricks00:16:11
the same as all natural materials00:16:13
artificial ones that are now developed00:16:15
humanity is actively mastering00:16:18
mushrooms because mushrooms go very well with this00:16:20
prepared enzyme system can00:16:23
work with almost anyone00:16:25
materials invention of paper for00:16:27
humanity00:16:28
its value is difficult to overestimate, yes00:16:31
written recording of knowledge but because00:16:35
paper is cellulose00:16:36
respectively cellulose lithic fungi00:16:39
for them it is a wonderful food just like they like it00:16:41
they immediately attacked her, so00:16:43
libraries the biggest problem is00:16:46
the problem of preserving books and protecting them from00:16:50
mushrooms especially if there are00:16:53
fires after that and why is it terrible there00:16:55
scary things happen after this library00:16:58
stewed with water here's a damp page00:17:00
this is such a delicious food for mushrooms that00:17:03
there is still no solution found here00:17:06
how to do this as efficiently as possible00:17:09
the work suffers in the same way00:17:11
art, this is some kind of painting00:17:13
which the press bureau is spreading00:17:16
because initially there too00:17:17
basically everything was formed as food as00:17:19
the yolk and white were painted until00:17:22
some minerals some oils00:17:23
natural everything is great food for00:17:26
mushrooms and here you go modern00:17:30
materials rubber paints to all kinds of varnishes00:17:36
composite materials are all based00:17:38
mushrooms for a sweet soul and the more moist00:17:41
the setting of the topic is done more effectively and00:17:44
a wonderful case was more effective00:17:46
when everyone00:17:48
in some year the second in my opinion00:17:52
a large batch of tractors arrived in Belarus00:17:55
to Georgia and it was in mid-July it00:17:58
was the first time when Esther collided00:18:00
with added mushrooms00:18:03
[music]00:18:04
mechanisms since it took place00:18:07
traditional Soviet mess00:18:09
about half a month or even more00:18:11
rector who got together normally00:18:13
platforms under their own power they stood in00:18:16
waiting while at the local collective farm they00:18:18
everyone will not be assigned distributed and00:18:21
that's when long-distance machine operators finally00:18:23
got to tried to start them00:18:25
a deep fiasco awaited because except00:18:28
engine piece, nothing in response00:18:30
happened and when the engine was taken away00:18:33
we saw that all the rubber gaskets00:18:35
who were present there is nothing in it00:18:37
I don’t understand, but the words are rubber gaskets00:18:39
I remembered from my youth and I won’t do it00:18:42
quite old information so here I am00:18:44
this doesn't hold up to you they were all00:18:47
as if chewed, eaten away, sticky00:18:49
wet unpleasant this is such a bad thing00:18:51
Yes, sometimes you can get it out of the ground00:18:53
old tires, not that it’s luck, but here it is00:18:56
it happens sometimes and here she is00:18:58
these are the mucous bubbles with00:19:00
strange consistency just like that00:19:02
all the rubber gaskets looked inside00:19:04
these unfortunate tractors after that in00:19:07
Belarus began to develop mushroom00:19:09
antiseptics history went went were00:19:12
much more well it could be sooner00:19:14
they were even more fun00:19:15
sad cases because there are mushrooms00:19:18
which are successfully developing at the most00:19:20
strange actually you see this glass00:19:24
plastics crumble and lenses become cloudy00:19:27
are falling apart00:19:28
there are mushrooms that, due to their active00:19:32
hydrocarbon consumption is developing00:19:34
even on fuel and there were two cases when00:19:36
at the bottom there is a tank with kerosene00:19:39
yes yes people have developed accordingly00:19:43
mushrooms during the flight00:19:47
for they were turbines for00:19:50
Why is he being pulled into thin tubes?00:19:53
submissions00:19:54
accordingly they barely clogged00:19:56
plane crash on mushrooms' conscience00:19:59
we exist so in general it’s possible00:20:02
say let's move on to the next topic00:20:05
we figured out the mushroom build structures00:20:08
this is generally the smallest problem00:20:10
which we as humanity receive from00:20:14
mushrooms now let's look at00:20:17
group00:20:20
now let's look at the group00:20:22
fungi that attacks our plants00:20:26
I said to our plants but you00:20:29
you understand that these mushrooms are deep00:20:31
it doesn't matter because we are for them00:20:34
they are not very young yet00:20:36
figured out who's boss and they00:20:39
generally consider plants to be theirs completely00:20:41
no one cares whether it’s a watermelon or a cucumber or00:20:44
something some cactus in the desert00:20:47
why don't they care, it's for them00:20:50
natural and yes and they will be it00:20:52
do it because we did it with00:20:54
their point of view is always from the point of view00:20:59
harm, harmfulness of mushrooms and their00:21:03
relationships, well, we’ll still say to ours00:21:06
plants can consider options00:21:08
there is a fairly harmless situation like00:21:11
we see in the case of for example this clips00:21:13
Well, yes, some spots were taken out on it00:21:15
this form of the disease is called00:21:17
spotting basically tree00:21:20
preserves foliage and in general00:21:23
vitality yes she feels00:21:25
not very great but somehow00:21:27
lives if the mushroom has the worst cases00:21:32
when the mushroom takes over everything00:21:34
plants in the case of an animal or00:21:36
in humans we would say systemic mycosis00:21:38
it takes root and rises up00:21:40
stem and captures leaves and fruits or00:21:42
the seeds are no longer left for the plant00:21:45
no chance but even if00:21:50
the fungus attacks some part of the plant00:21:53
there could be harm for us people00:21:56
no less than if he destroyed it00:21:58
we'll take one in its entirety00:22:00
I won't scare the black leg of cabbage00:22:02
you with complex names and descriptions but00:22:04
if the fungus attacks at the base of the cabbage00:22:07
then it’s clear what happens next automatically00:22:09
everything else dies or rots00:22:12
for example, if for corn or wheat00:22:15
attacks smut mushroom smut then he00:22:19
the right only affects the seeds00:22:21
the stem and leaves and roots remain00:22:24
healthy but we perceive it as00:22:26
if all the plants died because00:22:29
ear of mead grain or ear of corn00:22:31
grains are the only thing00:22:32
is valuable to us and00:22:34
accordingly, the mushroom inflicts the same00:22:36
harm as if it destroyed the plant00:22:39
entirely00:22:43
look here00:22:45
thing, who are our gardeners?00:22:48
wonderfully called powdery mildew00:22:51
powdery mildew mainly Danochka what00:22:55
main types00:22:57
Let's just say we attack plants00:23:01
we can list00:23:02
these are all kinds of spots we have them00:23:05
seen mealy ones00:23:06
dew they are normal false and00:23:09
by all sorts of others it is expressed as00:23:12
the rule is such a white coating on the upper00:23:14
and the bottom or both sides of the leaves00:23:16
powdery mildew delivers enough00:23:19
trouble for gardeners they are great00:23:21
they see harm to you, gooseberries00:23:24
grapes, apple trees, but that's what they are00:23:28
diseases with which like which total00:23:30
only causes a lot of damage00:23:32
that is, they can be completely dealt with00:23:34
standard agrotechnical practices00:23:36
used00:23:38
chemistry and others00:23:41
traditional methods here is a smut00:23:43
wheat I want me said yes and plants00:23:46
they stand perfectly healthy, just a little00:23:48
They're starting to dry out, it's already September00:23:50
but you see00:23:52
all grains eventually turn black00:23:55
floating mass and harvest00:23:58
impossible another view was out00:24:00
it's us that doesn't exist, we'll repeat it again00:24:04
Powdery mildew spots of smut00:24:07
the main pests to our plants are here00:24:09
there were no courses for damage to the cob00:24:13
look at every grain, that's normal00:24:15
the grain turns into something like this00:24:17
a huge convex strange thing that00:24:21
when it ripens00:24:24
hardens, cracks and turns into00:24:27
some kind of raincoat mushroom00:24:29
from which whole clouds of blacks fly out00:24:32
sport but what's funny about corn00:24:35
first of all it's quite a thing00:24:36
medicinal when it is ripe and with00:24:39
from the Mexican point of view look at00:24:41
itself and quite tasty00:24:43
Few would have thought of us00:24:45
eat such a thing but I honestly tried00:24:48
I took a chance and broke one off this one00:24:51
fruiting bodies and ate imagine if in00:24:55
soup nyom add a little condensed milk00:24:56
stir it just a little and thoroughly00:25:00
and then he will like it00:25:02
the bubbliest corn smut in00:25:04
Mexico's national food00:25:07
what is the name of this thing that00:25:10
like pita folded in half over there and00:25:13
they stuff all kinds of corn and pepper in there00:25:16
Chile and these things go there too00:25:18
and it turns out from the point of view of the Mexicans00:25:20
amazingly delicious food00:25:24
spots can take on a variety of00:25:26
forms, for example, in some centuries00:25:29
bio and other correct stores like this00:25:31
apples will be sold00:25:33
mainly because you can see from it00:25:35
that these are real natural apples00:25:38
which are raised without that other 3 of them00:25:41
I eat everyone who wants to and we understand what it is00:25:43
It’s absolutely called organic now00:25:46
organic and yes but when is it in some00:25:50
small quantity00:25:52
These are the external manifestations in principle00:25:54
it's not scary although the appearance of the goods00:25:56
is already deteriorating and there may be commercial goods here00:25:58
losses precisely because the consumer00:26:01
I don't like the look, here's another one00:26:03
such an example of scab potato scab00:26:05
potatoes are not very harmful to the internal00:26:08
tuber contents00:26:09
but they are such brown things00:26:12
as external manifestations of the fungus they are complete00:26:15
reduce its commercial value while00:26:18
In principle, the harvest cannot be considered00:26:19
lost because apart from the position00:26:21
almost nothing suffers here already00:26:24
the worse situation is potato cancer00:26:28
proliferation00:26:29
they don’t bring it in the first place because well00:26:32
a normal club of ice on when it's already00:26:34
completely mastered by cancer then naturally00:26:37
part of biomass kharkov00:26:39
passes into part of the fungal biomass and so00:26:42
such a thing is already00:26:43
such a serious loss of goods00:26:45
kind of like me internal contents00:26:47
Well, in principle it’s possible since it’s the entrance00:26:50
and even then it won’t be very pleasant00:26:53
but at least it won't lead to anything00:26:55
why dangerous but here it is00:26:58
monstrous and the formation is already of course00:27:01
does not cause appetite all sorts of00:27:04
distortions with affected plants where00:27:06
they could easily call this thing00:27:08
called pine vertu and it starts everything00:27:12
this is such a harmless way00:27:14
rust mushroom but then unfortunately00:27:17
virtuon leads to drying out of branches and00:27:20
even the complete drying out of young trees00:27:23
and using the example of this vertu on00:27:24
you can see that some mushrooms00:27:27
especially rust and mushrooms they change like00:27:30
and some parasitic worms00:27:32
several owners of this very virtual00:27:35
begins to look like rust spots00:27:37
posted in Sydney and then in the summer in the spring on00:27:42
in autumn and in summer it flies to the pine tree and00:27:45
already causes this effect00:27:48
if 15 is very strong then they can00:27:52
lead to complete damage to the fetus and00:27:55
develop into rotten rot is very00:27:58
serious00:27:59
opponents of the agro-industrial complex00:28:02
even with our modern agricultural technology00:28:05
losses due to rot are approximately00:28:07
20-25 percent of the harvest because of rot00:28:10
constantly adapt to00:28:13
antimicrobial and other systemic00:28:15
eat fruits with a rot preparation00:28:21
fruits and vegetables and grain not only in the field00:28:24
constant work required00:28:27
sorting and rearranging the collected00:28:29
harvest in storage areas in progress00:28:32
logistics up to when delivering to factories or00:28:35
to the store and that is, it is continuous00:28:37
work and taking into account00:28:39
all modern trends are still 20 2500:28:41
percent is what the manufacturers00:28:43
lose this apple, she's another example00:28:47
the fact that mushrooms often do not work on their own00:28:49
for oneself and in alliance with insects00:28:51
this is such a wonderful beast00:28:53
long face he belongs to00:28:55
the family of verts is called beetle00:28:57
goose female beetle goose00:29:02
gnaws out of the one affected by this rot00:29:06
in Manila00:29:07
apple is a good piece of food this is a good piece00:29:11
food passes through her digestive tract00:29:13
path while the fungal spores remain00:29:15
alive after that she flies or00:29:18
fallen crawls onto the next apple00:29:20
naturally chews out the chamber of apples00:29:23
healthy and lays eggs and00:29:25
seals this hole with his pardons00:29:28
excrement that contains controversial00:29:30
Manila is not and accordingly they begin00:29:33
develop intensively and when from egg00:29:35
a larva emerges and such larvae emerge for new ones00:29:38
apples account for approximately 100 to 20000:29:40
they already00:29:44
hatch into an apple that is mastered and00:29:47
mushroom because the speed of development to me00:29:51
laziness and exceeds the rate of egg development00:29:53
and larvae, respectively00:29:56
mushroom to process apples this way00:30:00
so that the larvae can feed on it00:30:02
In healthy apples, larvae do not develop00:30:04
because the flu is being prepared for them00:30:06
Sahara00:30:07
the sound in turn transfers the mushroom to00:30:10
new apples00:30:11
we can still have many such examples00:30:14
Let's talk about this a little, well00:30:17
it turns out where all this came from why00:30:21
the further you go, the more pathogenic phyto00:30:25
pathogenic fungi attack our crops00:30:27
the fact is that the very fact of occurrence00:30:32
land actually changed our situation00:30:37
relationship with mushrooms00:30:39
plowing the soil that people started00:30:42
practice about 10 thousand years ago00:30:45
changed the composition of the fungal flora00:30:49
once upon a time when people collected everything in the wild00:30:53
form of soil were much more dense00:30:55
they were less oxygenated and they00:30:58
were more humid and, accordingly, everything00:31:02
those mushrooms that are now00:31:04
aggressive parasites then00:31:07
they existed as harmless rot00:31:10
slightly waited for the dying roots and00:31:13
slightly processed those fallen ones00:31:15
overlapping forest stems and00:31:18
accordingly the fruits that they00:31:19
got the supremacy at that moment00:31:22
carried basidiomycetes and fungi and bacteria00:31:25
but as soon as we broke the structure00:31:28
soil and, accordingly, moisture and and00:31:31
decreased aerated increased then00:31:34
basidiomycetes and bacteria00:31:36
immediately began to feel much better00:31:37
worse, but these nasty rot and in00:31:41
primarily marsupial fungi00:31:43
they categorically let loose00:31:45
felt the will and they from00:31:49
[music]00:31:52
let's say this, mostly00:31:55
brother of an even shape, that is, harmless00:31:58
rot and recyclers of the remains began00:32:01
turn into aggressive parasites00:32:03
this process took quite a long time and00:32:08
it reached its maximum at the moment when00:32:11
people began to obtain varieties and sow00:32:15
monocultures approximately see approximately00:32:18
60 percent of all plant crops00:32:21
constitute cereals and from cereals00:32:24
again about what's cool 6000:32:27
percent accounts for the total area00:32:30
by volume there are six types00:32:34
cereals what is it with us look wheat00:32:38
barley and rice and corn from two more00:32:43
more exotic are sorghum and00:32:45
African survey respectively00:32:47
having received such unimaginably even00:32:49
uniform mushroom plantations are enough00:32:52
quickly developed an adaptation to everyone00:32:56
these plants have enough now00:33:00
surprising but nevertheless that's all00:33:02
these six types of cereals have in common00:33:05
identical fungi pathogens not like00:33:08
some are sitting on the corn and some00:33:10
for wheat some for everything no everyone eats00:33:12
everyone and this happens despite GMOs00:33:15
and genetic mechanisms of protection and00:33:18
extremely unless that agricultural technology, chemistry and00:33:23
mass00:33:25
natural enemies that have begun are used00:33:28
mushrooms there00:33:29
mika parasites insects mushroom obvious then00:33:32
there is anything and what ways00:33:34
struggles do not have time for active00:33:36
evolving hits pathogens00:33:39
mushrooms taking into account globalization00:33:42
this situation often occurs00:33:45
that some one else is harmless00:33:48
against a fungus that has never been00:33:50
didn't touch anyone suddenly starts to lead00:33:53
behave like a completely beastly parasite00:33:55
and for this it is enough to go to him00:33:57
to the place where he lives from00:33:59
some distant far from better00:34:02
just brought from another continent00:34:04
new type of cultivated plants00:34:06
agricultural beginning you are here00:34:07
grow and then he suddenly shows00:34:10
its unexpected properties00:34:13
another option, for example, is when00:34:18
introduction account00:34:20
together with some plants into a new one00:34:22
the place falls00:34:23
its traditional fungus is a pathogen and it then00:34:28
attacks a defenseless local00:34:31
flora a vivid example is this picture for a long time00:34:34
hung we would have reached her00:34:35
this is rust and 5 coniferous pine trees rust00:34:41
drink and coniferous pines are a vivid example of this00:34:43
how do people get in00:34:46
in the host parasitic relationship that00:34:49
they're raking through it00:34:51
look around the middle of the past00:34:54
centuries in the eastern usa were very cool00:34:58
pine forests were cut down and it was decided to00:35:03
in principle it is normal to use forests and00:35:05
it was decided to restore everything00:35:07
numbers and in neighboring states began00:35:10
purchase pine seedlings and plant them00:35:14
some smart one let's say more00:35:17
some city held a wider00:35:21
cost estimate and realized that if for00:35:24
buy seedlings in Europe then it will be00:35:27
one and a half times cheaper and the batch is about00:35:30
several thousand pine seedlings00:35:32
European five needles of their pine trees were00:35:35
purchased and planted in some place already00:35:37
I don’t remember which eastern states00:35:40
about two years later the first ones appeared00:35:45
signs of this very bubbly00:35:47
rust00:35:48
5 coniferous pines and after about three more00:35:52
already six or seven states have been00:35:54
affected by this mushroom00:35:55
and a few years later from the east to00:35:58
West the rust has moved through everything00:36:00
pine forests and look what00:36:03
it turned out to be a wonderful picture00:36:06
it turned out that this was the case when we00:36:09
looked at the pine vertu00:36:10
and it turned out that aspen00:36:13
intermediate host of this pine00:36:15
rust00:36:16
is currant respectively if00:36:19
smart people sewed the currants to destroy00:36:21
the date will be00:36:24
and the pine trees are good for just00:36:26
several years more than00:36:28
half a billion currant bushes can00:36:31
imagine what it's like00:36:33
temporary financial salary there00:36:35
pays dollars by the way, what is it?00:36:37
such from a cost perspective00:36:41
of course it didn't help because00:36:44
I wrote it here00:36:47
for those who see unlike me on00:36:50
one square centimeter00:36:53
green leaf of this very currant00:36:55
more than 4 million spores are formed for00:36:58
How many times does it take to infect one pine tree?00:37:01
need sport 100:37:03
so even completely by chance there00:37:06
some tiny 3 5 leaves you and00:37:08
tiny remaining currant bushes00:37:11
not uprooted and they were completely00:37:14
enough to print and00:37:16
continued to develop00:37:18
decided to look for pesticides00:37:23
pine forests of airplanes are natural00:37:26
didn't help because it's in progress00:37:27
Spraying revealed that it was rust00:37:31
I'm dying with David Reilly successfully00:37:34
is stored in the center of the trunk and when00:37:36
pine more or less comes to its senses00:37:38
she climbs out and completes her00:37:41
it finally came down to the fact that the trees00:37:45
they just started cutting it down and it was cut down00:37:49
more than a million million 200 thousand00:37:51
trees you can imagine what it is00:37:54
I can't imagine this if00:37:56
these costs are simply colossal00:37:58
here is an example of saving up to when one and a half00:38:03
times before the batch of seedlings and and in the end00:38:05
long-term struggle but this is not the only thing00:38:10
example happens and now just a few words00:38:14
about gmos, in fact, this is even more so00:38:16
or less next lecture because I00:38:18
I'll try to avoid the topic now00:38:20
mushroom poisoning about poisoning we00:38:22
we'll talk next time but how00:38:24
a wonderful example is corn before00:38:27
kuru for an excellent fodder plant in00:38:30
she has a lot of proteins but she has one00:38:32
the disadvantage is that I have practically no tires00:38:34
near essential amino acid so here it is00:38:38
in the states withdrew from the united states00:38:41
America00:38:42
they brought out a highly rubber grade, that is00:38:46
they just built there, well, like now00:38:48
taken into the DNA molecule several00:38:51
blocks from which are responsible for increased00:38:54
lysine synthesis everything was fine00:38:56
first few years and then local00:38:59
a mushroom called fusarium is here00:39:01
this is the kind of mold that we have now00:39:04
radio and TV every year00:39:05
they start talking about drunken bread00:39:08
just here it is fusarium00:39:10
we'll talk about it in the next lecture00:39:13
fell on this high rubber00:39:16
sort of because he understood what it was00:39:18
awesome thing he hasn't found yet00:39:20
imagine substrates that were rich in lyse00:39:23
to us and here on you and accordingly everything00:39:25
these many millions of hectares are even00:39:28
there's no need to even think about it00:39:30
as much as you can imagine00:39:33
this is the entire south central belt of America00:39:35
well deserved corn it was high00:39:38
rubber belt accordingly00:39:40
300 million pigs died because00:39:44
ugh the dawn of toxins that this one releases00:39:46
mushroom got into them00:39:48
This is a complete destruction of the crop00:39:51
years in a row so you understand00:39:53
for example in 197000:39:56
net loss of one and a half billion dollars00:39:58
farmers plus ruin00:40:01
farms and so on00:40:03
further all our experiments with nature00:40:05
all our games with parasites are00:40:09
at best turn out to be huge00:40:12
economic damage00:40:14
now let's talk about those mushrooms00:40:17
which really00:40:19
brought us colossal damage00:40:22
people to humanity and even in some00:40:24
cases caused not only massive00:40:27
death but also resettlement of entire peoples00:40:30
here we see so far I have removed a little00:40:34
another picture where everything will be like this00:40:36
there are many of these stems and on them00:40:39
a lot of stains but if you look at this00:40:42
reminds me of a painting by Carlson, what's that about00:40:45
rooster that was my favorite rooster yes00:40:48
when in the bottom on a blank sheet in the bottom00:40:51
a little fox was drawn in the corner00:40:53
this picture was called my favorite rooster00:40:56
because she ate it information00:40:58
It’s hard to draw any conclusions, this is it00:41:01
the thin stalk is a stalk of wheat and00:41:03
there are these spots on it00:41:04
these are stem rust and wheat stains00:41:08
wheat stem rust aggressive00:41:11
a parasite that chases a marten with00:41:14
the moment of development by both humanity and this00:41:17
first00:41:18
and maybe even the only one of the mushrooms00:41:20
who is mentioned in the bible among all00:41:23
other curses there are locusts pestilence00:41:25
wars and so on, here's rust and it00:41:28
it's called by its name00:41:30
it could even be rust00:41:32
the only mushroom mentioned in00:41:35
Bibles since ancient times00:41:37
Rome00:41:38
rust00:41:40
due to the hilly terrain the centers00:41:43
empire was a serious problem and00:41:45
especially all the depressions are not up to the relief00:41:48
were attacked00:41:49
rust was even invented by god or00:41:54
goddess in different places in different ways rabiga00:41:57
or shy him on April 25th00:42:01
corresponding holidays called00:42:03
ru ran00:42:04
properly trained priests brought00:42:06
the sacrifice was goats00:42:08
dogs or sheep the common people could not00:42:12
afford such entertainment therefore00:42:14
to appease Ira I run the evil goddess00:42:17
or [ __ ] were burned alive in a fire00:42:21
or live toads in pots for an indicator00:42:23
dug into the corners of the field but we00:42:25
We understand that this did not help much00:42:27
because it was not clear where00:42:30
rust appears and it wasn't00:42:33
It's clear00:42:34
you won't believe it for almost two00:42:36
thousand more years00:42:40
in the 17th and 18th centuries when mycology was already00:42:43
has begun to take shape as a science00:42:46
I thought the rust side was this shape00:42:49
plant diseases when painful00:42:52
juices secrete out and darken00:42:54
brown and like this00:42:57
appear in the form of this country00:42:58
rust, that is, rust is not the reason00:43:00
illness consequences let alone the fact that these are games00:43:03
no one guessed the growth project however00:43:08
first00:43:09
I had an epiphany, here's what to call it00:43:13
I don’t know the address yet Christy that’s who00:43:16
engaged in farming in Europe with us these00:43:19
it’s not serious to call it peasants00:43:21
farmers are also not from there, farmers00:43:24
let them be farmers farmers00:43:27
Europe paid attention to what if00:43:32
wheat fields is located next to Barbara00:43:35
this very thing appears on them00:43:39
by clicking china00:43:40
from the middle to about the end00:43:43
nineteenth century to this day throughout00:43:46
Europe is rolling with judicial rust and00:43:48
processes00:43:49
peasants all I can’t change myself00:43:52
just like I still haven’t learned it myself00:43:55
leningrad call st. petersburg he to00:43:57
Leningrad for you and that's it00:43:59
it doesn't hurt to be wrong in every way00:44:02
Here rust and processes roll in00:44:07
based on observations of peasants00:44:10
apply for loans and sue00:44:13
landowners they are not landowners distant00:44:15
in European they are called differently00:44:19
judges judges do what they do00:44:21
do and now they are turning to00:44:23
experts and you guys say experts00:44:25
What00:44:26
but this is complete nonsense and this is exceptional00:44:28
popular speculation that there is something there00:44:30
barberry was crawling onto something somewhere00:44:32
but the disaster itself is completely unthinkable00:44:34
starts when at the end of the nineteenth00:44:36
century, barberry comes into fashion00:44:39
let's place the estates begin to actively00:44:41
plant, form from it all sorts of00:44:43
so beautiful and smell great00:44:46
sculptural plant compositions00:44:50
it ended then more or less00:44:53
when in Denmark there was such a current only00:44:57
thanks to this he became famous00:44:59
some judge of that place00:45:00
who saw that00:45:04
this means local farmers are starting00:45:06
harm barberry little by little00:45:08
are laid in the estate because00:45:10
I cut along the edges of forests like that00:45:12
cut down he took out the protection company00:45:15
this wonderful shrub00:45:16
how his people didn't beg they talk about00:45:19
miss he will be a man well you saw that00:45:22
we already have almost no plots there he00:45:25
did that he bought barberries from all over00:45:28
area accessible to him and landed at00:45:30
yourself in the garden and around your estate and00:45:32
accordingly all00:45:35
areas sown with wheat that were00:45:37
they are around his estate every year00:45:39
almost completely destroyed00:45:41
rust was a lawsuit that00:45:45
ended like all other trials00:45:47
processes experts confirmed that such00:45:50
no one can even imagine nonsense00:45:52
introduce00:45:53
therefore the poor farmers were00:45:55
forced to wait for the death of the judge after00:45:57
this is why they planted the estate and cut down the entire00:45:59
barberry that's the deal it seems00:46:03
it's more or less worked out and fortunately it's00:46:04
coincided with the fact that French00:46:08
famous00:46:10
mycologist Dibari and ours no less00:46:13
famous Mekong mycologist Mikhail00:46:15
Voronin which confirmed that yes how is it00:46:18
not amazing but rust in the spring00:46:21
begins its development on the leaves00:46:23
barberry00:46:24
looks like this is cool00:46:27
a speck that developed in the summer00:46:30
spores on barberry fly to wheat00:46:33
and infects her but it still took00:46:37
almost thirty more years to00:46:38
legislatively throughout Europe00:46:41
prohibit planting barberries in your area00:46:44
as an ornamental shrub only00:46:46
so there was more or less rust00:46:49
defeated00:46:52
next stories related to rust00:46:54
she's even more funnier00:46:58
national drink of england okay so00:47:06
and instructions on the ball, wife, tea, tea, right?00:47:14
I'm so preoccupied with alcohol00:47:16
the audience had such a night of tea00:47:21
the national drink of the British is far from00:47:23
always, surprisingly, but first00:47:26
The national drink of the British was coffee00:47:28
although almost no one remembers about it anymore00:47:33
coffee play steve thought I remembered00:47:37
about China silks and these, how much for00:47:41
This silkworm means coffee culture00:47:45
mastered by the Arabs about a thousand years ago00:47:48
it was a long time ago and00:47:51
center original center00:47:54
coffee growing was Ethiopia that is00:47:57
Africa and from Ethiopia coffee was transferred to00:48:03
like this thing with Persian00:48:05
bay00:48:06
Arabian Peninsula well that's it00:48:10
it was moved there but00:48:14
there were no varieties there were no industrial ones00:48:16
The coffee plantings are quite sculptural00:48:18
located in the area along with00:48:20
alternating with other trees, that is, this00:48:23
there were such semi-wild plantations let's say so later00:48:27
a few hundred years later the Arabs established00:48:29
monopoly on coffee and they raised money00:48:33
incredible amount of natural coffee00:48:36
I slowly got there first to Italy00:48:38
then to Spain I eventually got to00:48:40
England cost absolutely crazy money00:48:42
but the Arabs firmly held the monopoly however00:48:46
This is what I remembered about China 200 years ago00:48:49
back during the Hajj to Mecca00:48:54
Hindu in our opinion from India Muslim00:48:58
Muslim whose name was rare00:49:00
Muslim name Muslim taken to00:49:04
bamboo staff naturally 7 well there00:49:07
no one thought for sure it could be them00:49:09
there were 5 or maybe three or ten00:49:11
coffee beans00:49:13
brought them alive to India just like that00:49:16
the Byzantine merchants were in the staff and00:49:18
the great silk road once00:49:20
but probably also brought a 7th doll00:49:22
link prev after this monopoly of china00:49:25
found it collapsed after a short time00:49:29
there were grains, it is important that there were few of them00:49:34
remember that these grains were few if00:49:37
If only he had brought a bag from there00:49:39
wondering if it could be different00:49:41
would have been landed in India00:49:45
continental but in general not bad00:49:48
didn't mention coffee00:49:50
soil climate and everything that didn't happen to you00:49:53
and then it was decided to transfer coffee00:49:57
or rather, the fruits of these first ones, let’s say 700:50:00
trees to Sri Lanka which then00:50:02
was called Ceylon am Ceylon as00:50:05
actually belonged to England and00:50:08
I felt that now Arabs can00:50:11
let something bad happen great00:50:14
the East India Company which then00:50:16
led almost half the world00:50:18
decided to arrange real ones in Ceylon00:50:21
coffee plantations that belonged to her00:50:23
eastern bank00:50:24
one of the largest banks in that00:50:26
gave out time to several hundred00:50:29
planters huge loans and00:50:32
already somewhere in the 50s and 60s00:50:35
cylon was completely covered in coffee it was00:50:38
one colossal monoculture which00:50:41
was the descendants of just a few grains00:50:43
brought during the Hajj from Arabia00:50:46
peninsula00:50:48
already00:50:51
went to England in the seventies00:50:54
approximately 50,000 volumes of coffee00:50:57
50,000 tons annually is a huge number00:51:00
which is comparable to modern00:51:02
the Arabs naturally lost their harvests00:51:05
monopoly the European market disappeared for them but00:51:10
unfortunately in the 70s00:51:17
eighteenth century Ceylon00:51:20
rust has appeared00:51:22
literally in two years the coffee harvest has fallen00:51:26
more than 10 times instead of fifty00:51:28
thousand tons began to collect three tons00:51:31
rust first appeared on the leaves in00:51:34
in the form of small brown spots00:51:36
which then became covered with a yellow coating00:51:39
a yellow rim formed around them and00:51:42
eventually the leaves of the workshop fell off00:51:45
the tree was constantly trying to grow00:51:47
new leaves00:51:48
due to lost old people therefore strength for00:51:51
the development of the fruits no longer left the harvest00:51:53
was almost zero and after two or three years00:51:55
the tree was dying00:52:00
Eastern Bank went bankrupt at the end of 9000:52:04
All00:52:05
imported workers from India00:52:09
Tamils before were almost completely00:52:11
returned00:52:12
ago the coffee was cut down completely00:52:15
there is not a single coffee shop left on the island00:52:18
trees after that the island was sown00:52:21
tea and since then this tea00:52:23
national drink00:52:25
English as an echo of this coffee shop00:52:28
disasters so far00:52:31
these are civil wars between the cute ones and00:52:34
singles, that is, original inhabitants00:52:37
Sri Lanka and those workers who00:52:40
remained wound up00:52:42
from india to the island but the story of coffee and00:52:46
the coffee genre is rusty on this one00:52:48
started and look what comes of it00:52:52
it turned out so here it is, yes it means for the first time00:52:58
in the sixties in the 70s she00:53:01
appeared in Ceylon00:53:02
and by the 90s of the 18th century completely00:53:08
rust ate the whole thing after that00:53:11
they decided to transfer the coffee somewhere else00:53:16
decided to move it away from rust00:53:18
all their problems I think it would be00:53:22
one-time promotion because we have00:53:24
quite cold for coffee and and taken to00:53:27
south america to brazil and brazil00:53:30
after Sri Lanka became the center00:53:32
coffee cultivation for a very long time00:53:34
period with natural coffee00:53:37
was raised based on all this, let's say00:53:39
so tropical floor belt00:53:41
but maximum coffee began to be produced in00:53:44
Brazil in South America from rust with00:53:47
Ceylon and00:53:48
from00:53:49
East Africa began its march on00:53:52
east and around mid-twenty00:53:56
centuries they were completely captured well00:53:59
Let's just say the whole north central Africa00:54:02
Asia and it reached Indonesia and00:54:04
Fiji00:54:05
and in Brazil I felt great00:54:07
because it seemed like I wasn't in any danger00:54:09
but since the mid-20th century the rust has turned00:54:12
to the west and in the 50s she reached00:54:17
Nigeria around 197000:54:22
rust has reached Angola and since00:54:25
the goal itself is that the southern winds blow to the side00:54:28
ocean then, respectively, at seventy00:54:31
first seventy-second year00:54:32
rust originated in brazil which00:54:35
felt wonderful all these almost00:54:38
a hundred years only the appearance of rust caused00:54:41
awesome in shock because it wasn't00:54:44
just unexpected, yes it was, well, that is00:54:46
this memory has been preserved for so long00:54:49
leads it to count and rust00:54:54
respectively00:54:57
in the first year of its appearance, well, that’s already00:54:59
almost our times until just 50 years ago00:55:02
was purchased00:55:06
by the Brazilian government approximately 1500:55:08
thousand tons of fungicides and epidemics succeeded00:55:12
stop but the losses were00:55:15
in about two years00:55:18
half the harvest every year00:55:20
after that south america supported00:55:22
Europe and just America took up00:55:25
active breeding of coffee trees was00:55:27
resistant varieties were obtained00:55:29
especially special anti00:55:31
techniques and everything was fine until finally00:55:34
and even if someone has been drinking coffee for a long time00:55:37
longer ago than I did these events00:55:40
1972 they caused 100:55:43
increase in the price of coffee in the world00:55:45
about 30 percent was all there00:55:49
not bad until the twelfth year when suddenly00:55:51
completely unexpectedly breaking through everything00:55:53
imaginable barriers and overcame all00:55:55
existing chemicals rust00:55:57
the new mutant stamp did not fall on00:56:00
Central America starting from El Salvador and00:56:04
then we'll take over all the countries in a row00:56:07
guatemala nicaragua and honduras and00:56:09
Costa Rica in the first year00:56:11
rust destroyed 20 percent of the crop00:56:14
half a billion dollars respectively00:56:16
loss00:56:17
breeding new varieties new activities00:56:20
Rosalie agricultural ruin00:56:23
farmers and the funny thing is00:56:26
what you see is this sign00:56:27
yes I did it in '12 and she did it00:56:30
she is very very old and accordingly00:56:33
here is some clever inscription of something00:56:35
it says 20 percent of the harvest but here it is00:56:38
550 million dollars yes yes all that00:56:41
great but it's 2013 in 201300:56:45
year00:56:46
rust has reached mexico again00:56:49
overcame all genetic barriers00:56:51
protective and 70 percent 70 percent00:56:55
the coffee harvest was destroyed and this00:56:58
it was not some kind of robusto00:57:00
yes, in the first place it continued00:57:02
arabica and00:57:04
it's hard to even estimate how much it cost00:57:07
been all over central america00:57:09
emergency declared00:57:10
agricultural situation and00:57:13
in the thirteenth year the rust was completely theirs00:57:15
It’s not clear which way I got to the first ones00:57:17
and in Peru it was also announced00:57:18
emergency00:57:20
and this was already the rise in coffee prices00:57:24
which we feel literally now00:57:26
a few years ago about the year 1400:57:29
started and every year coffee little by little00:57:31
is getting more expensive in general now you can safely00:57:34
to state that there is nothing left in the world00:57:36
one country that deals00:57:38
production of coffee which would at the same time00:57:40
at the same time did not fight rust but00:57:44
let's just say it's just mushroom losses00:57:47
capable of causing it much more and00:57:50
greater and widespread damage who we have00:57:54
the recording is being sorted out00:58:02
no it's a pity yes so van gogh eaters00:58:10
potatoes Well, you see, the guys here are quite like that00:58:12
their living conditions are sad00:58:14
cramped, no electricity if too much00:58:18
take a closer look, here I am from here00:58:20
you can see this one if you look closely00:58:23
potatoes means here we are and the forehead by the way00:58:26
new national drink of the British00:58:27
they spill tea, not coffee, they don't have coffee anymore00:58:30
supposed to go they potatoes means00:58:33
potatoes were brought from South America00:58:35
we all know this well and approximately00:58:41
in the middle of the 19th century it became the main food00:58:46
for the poorest segments of the population Russia00:58:49
potatoes have gone through their history including00:58:51
potato riots there are damn apples yeah00:58:53
and other funny stories here but in00:58:56
Europe especially in the central in the western00:58:58
in Europe, potatoes were the main food for00:59:01
many millions of people00:59:06
unfortunately, as is often the case, a parasite00:59:08
knows how to follow its master and how00:59:11
this is common now no one talks about it anymore00:59:13
finds out but with some ship on00:59:16
someone's clothes or maybe new ones00:59:18
club potato tubers to Europe00:59:20
Late blight has arrived00:59:22
Well, if someone is connected with the garden, then00:59:26
he must imagine what he is like00:59:30
late blight before imagines how she00:59:32
looks like the correct late blight00:59:34
which interests you and me is called00:59:37
late blight of potatoes and tomatoes because00:59:40
that she is equally successful in eating not00:59:42
only potatoes yes as we see she00:59:44
can affect both tubers and stems and00:59:46
potato leaves but also no less00:59:48
She willingly eats the tomatoes and gets into them00:59:53
Phytophthora began rapidly in Europe and00:59:55
the procession was first captured by France00:59:59
you will be surprised01:00:02
the revolution that led to the01:00:05
republic 1000 what is it 848 up to a year here01:00:10
if we turn to a classic, youth will not01:00:12
will understand such classics but Karl Marx01:00:15
wrote that the troubles are not severe01:00:21
economic situation a01:00:23
rotting potatoes caused fermentation in01:00:26
people who exactly what happened there01:00:30
I don’t remember how it was formulated, but in the end01:00:32
after some number of years01:00:35
famine and disease led to rebellion and01:00:38
revolution, that is, mushrooms no more01:00:41
less yes as a reason for 2 republics after01:00:45
France was invaded by Switzerland and Belgium01:00:49
Denmark and the mushroom went north and south01:00:52
the situation has become so difficult that01:00:56
French Academy of Sciences01:00:58
serious academy european01:01:00
moment from the holidays it was summer01:01:02
recalled all academicians and imprisoned them01:01:05
work because it was necessary to understand that01:01:07
what to do with this crap01:01:08
meanwhile late blight is closer to autumn01:01:12
I got across the English Channel I01:01:15
so I talk about this as if she01:01:17
a little bit reasonable for a long time we understand that01:01:19
here to make you a mechanic there for something01:01:21
got caught where the wind blew and ended up01:01:24
Argue flew and captured literally01:01:28
the only month of August almost the entire01:01:30
she reached ireland from england01:01:32
why did ireland become01:01:35
such a problematic country in terms of01:01:38
late blight of potatoes because out of eight01:01:42
millions are not very many01:01:46
population of Ireland at that time01:01:48
forties and fifties of the last century01:01:51
approximately 6 million people ate01:01:55
mostly potatoes and two01:01:58
million people ate only it01:02:00
and no more at all, well, it’s clear there01:02:02
some little things for them01:02:03
got it but just imagine01:02:05
such a ratio and01:02:08
in early September01:02:11
in the newspaper who is there we have Dublin no yes01:02:14
something I already made a note about that well01:02:19
that's why you're such a grain but01:02:21
in principle there is no big problem, but when01:02:23
started digging the crop and it turned out that01:02:25
one hundred percent of the potatoes are rotten, they are gone01:02:28
in general, and that’s when things started getting serious01:02:31
problems and then look in the fall01:02:34
what kind of me specifically who will see the fans01:02:38
Dublin of course look I'll read it for01:02:41
those who do not see the advertisement in Dublin01:02:42
newspaper tree processing factory at01:02:45
royal natural street like us01:02:47
we believe the largest enterprise01:02:49
of this kind in the country provides01:02:52
daily work over the next01:02:54
six or eight months from morning until01:02:57
nights at the same time from 16 to 20 pairs01:02:59
sawmills sawing boards for coffins in01:03:05
result01:03:07
three-year-old I was raging with late blight01:03:10
from hunger and subsequent back diseases01:03:15
almost 2 million people died01:03:18
imagine two million01:03:21
almost the same number of people01:03:27
Irish01:03:29
went to where the united states01:03:33
America has never seen such massive migrations01:03:36
no other European country has yet01:03:38
time accordingly, here are all these01:03:40
huge Irish enclaves of states before01:03:43
irish police authorities irish01:03:45
postmen, Irish bartenders and even01:03:49
the Kennedy family, by the way, yes they are01:03:52
also descendants01:03:53
Irish are the descendants of these01:03:55
unfortunate people who are fleeing from01:03:57
famine fled from Ireland in search of01:04:00
I specially dug up a better life01:04:03
very revealing pictures from books01:04:06
that time, look here people01:04:09
trying to dig up01:04:11
at least one potato tuber01:04:13
undamaged by late blight but01:04:15
those remaining say goodbye to those floating away01:04:18
so as you can see some01:04:23
mushrooms they cause mass death but01:04:28
as they say in advertising and that's not all 201:04:31
a million is nothing at all01:04:36
for some reason in terms of01:04:37
recaptured human victims goes to01:04:40
India01:04:41
its so everything now so so so since01:04:48
do you consider part one-time01:04:53
one-time deaths during one time01:04:57
the battle of the military battle that happened01:05:00
the maximum number of victims can01:05:02
can anyone tell me what this was?01:05:04
adding 2 naturally is about to happen01:05:09
total total01:05:12
Well, this is not our times, yes, that is01:05:16
this is not the Kursk Bulge and does not mean if01:05:18
believe the sources, but in principle everything is there01:05:20
foundation and believe the most ambitious in01:05:23
in terms of the number of human casualties01:05:26
in history01:05:27
occurred in india when north india01:05:30
fought against the south of India it was called this01:05:33
the war of the Kuraps and the Pandavas and that's when these01:05:37
southern and northern conical to each other01:05:39
grappled01:05:40
India has always stood behind them01:05:42
was quite populated01:05:45
approximately 2 million people each01:05:47
More than 2 million died on each side01:05:49
that is, it is rated from 4 to 5, that’s all01:05:53
in several days01:05:55
so relatively recently this is all01:05:58
this picture reminded me of what I want01:06:02
explain to you I improvise a lot01:06:04
because I always start from01:06:06
audience present if you were sitting01:06:08
fifth year student I talked to everyone01:06:10
on other things01:06:12
so in 1942 when the great01:06:18
Patriotic War in India in Bengal01:06:25
this thing grows in water01:06:27
Accordingly, this is a risk01:06:29
naturally arose and print and01:06:32
helminth dispute he disputed the helminth01:06:36
rice is basically quite safe and01:06:39
disease, but in some years it01:06:41
can really gobble up almost everything01:06:42
harvest and, in fact, approximately01:06:45
almost exactly what happened, it’s surprising that01:06:47
this is a colossal disaster, almost no one01:06:49
paid almost no attention01:06:52
because England is at this moment and where01:06:54
back then it was still still English so how01:06:57
and as in general with coffee, which we’ve already talked about01:07:00
they said our ninja is much more01:07:02
I was interested in Burma at this moment01:07:04
which has almost captured both Japan and01:07:07
all their interests were roughly there01:07:09
or a little north or a little east in01:07:13
Bengal suffered an incredible famine and01:07:15
because rice is like potatoes in Ireland01:07:18
was essentially the only01:07:20
food culture for the Bengalis then they01:07:24
pulled towards Calcutta and now01:07:27
there in then and01:07:29
drawings naturally drawings of that period01:07:32
because01:07:35
I don’t know why the drawings are not photographed01:07:37
found it, maybe it was just that01:07:39
scary to take pictures of almost 4 million01:07:41
corpses from Bengal to Calcutta01:07:46
along the sides you have become the road01:07:48
result of hunger and lack of medicine01:07:51
and concomitant illness here you go01:07:53
just helminths transporting forests01:07:55
on one single small01:07:59
territory, well, it’s already a little bit01:08:02
even entertainment compared to what it's about01:08:04
I told not only about the winds or anything else01:08:08
somehow but also people on themselves01:08:11
are being dragged01:08:14
various pathogenic fungi in the most01:08:16
different places here is a vivid example01:08:18
you're not like the guy poison on her like01:08:20
Poland potatoes and only much01:08:22
stronger01:08:23
This thing is called anthracnose melon and01:08:27
illness stopped growing melons in01:08:30
Australia but they had some01:08:33
their melons they now have a lot of their own01:08:35
even its white truffles grow between01:08:37
other than that, but how did you get there when?01:08:40
the rabbits have almost stopped01:08:42
sheep breeding date that's exactly the same01:08:45
never go there with people like that01:08:46
wonderful guys tourists in01:08:49
seventy-nine just on their01:08:50
clothing from Southeast Asian countries01:08:53
arrived at intermission, the nose did it melons and01:08:58
since then you are no more australia01:09:01
I've reached it and look01:09:04
summing up now we get to01:09:07
animals and then to people, summing up01:09:10
we can say the following what they lead to01:09:14
mushroom food and well, material01:09:18
the losses are clear, but about the billion01:09:20
dollars in the 70th year, I’m telling you, well01:09:24
about how the pine tree before which I cut down01:09:27
Osnitsky times in a row not counting the use01:09:29
chemistry of collateral destruction in general01:09:32
not very guilty of massive currants01:09:35
death of people from hunger and related01:09:39
diseases Ireland and Bengal are classics01:09:42
examples of change01:09:44
agricultural growing zones01:09:45
cultures when coffee salon01:09:48
moves to South America to Brazil01:09:51
changing landscapes is a very cool thing01:09:53
right I didn't tell you but if01:09:56
briefly some parasitic fungus came from01:10:00
Europe's chestnut wheels01:10:02
[music]01:10:04
western america west united01:10:08
states and luxury occupiers01:10:11
millions of hectares of chestnut forests now01:10:13
turned into shrub heaths01:10:15
with a completely different climate because01:10:18
This fungus is funny because it comes from01:10:20
throws the top of his head when talking to01:10:23
botanical language removes the apical01:10:26
dominance that is, the tree is no longer01:10:28
can grow upward01:10:29
she descends to the level of the stump and releases01:10:32
from it there are some pathetic shoots like01:10:34
only one of them is trying to become01:10:36
the mushroom's trunk immediately eats it away from him01:10:38
the top of his head and he returns to his01:10:40
bushy existence here01:10:42
colossal territories comparable to01:10:44
some medium-sized territory01:10:46
countries such as Germany and now on01:10:50
United States territory instead01:10:51
chestnut forests shrubby heaths01:10:54
who slowly fall asleep with sand01:10:56
and all that is a completely separate topic01:10:59
this is mass poisoning of people01:11:01
mycotoxins me this is just a pair01:11:03
avant antonov fire drunken bread and others01:11:06
horrors that, in principle, are also caused01:11:08
namely phytopathogenic fungi, that is01:11:10
mushrooms attacking plants but how01:11:14
Scheherazade said yes, that's what we're talking about01:11:16
we'll talk next time because01:11:18
The main thing here is not that the mushrooms attack01:11:20
on plants is that they still us01:11:21
they are poisoning one way or another, but there are three things about this01:11:24
poisonous mushrooms we will talk in01:11:27
next Saturday01:11:28
well01:11:33
from now on I must warn01:11:35
what if there is in the hall01:11:37
nervous pregnant children and others01:11:43
socially vulnerable segments of the population01:11:46
they are given one last opportunity01:11:49
leave the audience because the fact01:11:52
that you stayed in your places is01:11:55
automatic agreement with the fact that01:11:58
so that in the future you will see it was done01:12:00
you voluntarily and so on01:12:02
sixth pins we're all down there01:12:05
I’m just not completely strong, well, you01:12:07
you understand well who is the smallest of us01:12:13
what is this beast called beast well in01:12:18
in a sense they just broke off the horns yes01:12:23
ok nothing but in the end everything01:12:28
about ungulates, so much so that a ram01:12:35
ok, at least look at the beard01:12:43
throughout our history again01:12:46
will start01:12:47
mushrooms have accompanied us for a long time, but how01:12:51
usually it was more or less01:12:54
friendly mushrooms even if they are01:12:57
some circumstances could for us01:12:59
slightly hostile for a long time basically01:13:02
it was all sorts of yeast that would live01:13:05
their own now live on the surface01:13:07
our skin or on mucous membranes and01:13:13
with all its potential01:13:15
hostility01:13:16
this yeast was and remains ours01:13:20
the main allies are such friends and enemies01:13:23
because one of01:13:26
one of the problems they successfully solve01:13:28
this is not allowed into our body much01:13:32
more dangerous pathogens01:13:34
they don't do it because that's who they are01:13:35
kind but because they want it all01:13:37
keep for yourself01:13:38
we have, in principle, humanity01:13:43
radiation think like little children before01:13:45
the point is needed for it to rain01:13:47
and the wolves they sour the forest on purpose01:13:50
they look for all the sick and lame and hand them over01:13:52
to leave specifically only01:13:54
healthy and so on, but we are with you01:13:56
adults and we understand what it is01:13:58
they do it because they are a lame sheep01:14:02
It's easier to catch up with a lame sheep than01:14:06
bring it here and so on means01:14:11
accordingly until01:14:13
humanity is more or less harmonious01:14:16
lived on her own without any serious01:14:20
medical advances I'm slowly01:14:23
modernity begins to emerge then mushrooms01:14:26
attacked people in some extreme01:14:29
cases, that is, only people literally01:14:31
specially created around himself01:14:33
special unsanitary conditions01:14:35
fundamentally not looking after her01:14:37
appearance persistently non-compliance01:14:41
hygiene and01:14:42
predominantly living maybe even01:14:44
with livestock in the same room01:14:47
this is what people could get from01:14:49
animals this is actually what happened01:14:51
by the way with all the main01:14:53
viral and bacterial diseases01:14:55
before any beauty take there is a plague01:14:59
brucellosis anthrax all this01:15:01
switched to a person and for a boring one01:15:03
living together with animals up to01:15:05
when we constantly rub against something01:15:07
bad due to the fact that evolution01:15:10
bacteria viruses occurs with01:15:12
at colossal speed sooner or later01:15:14
it's bound to happen so that's okay01:15:18
more serious than all kinds is what is popular01:15:20
called lichen until about the middle01:15:25
You won’t believe that humanity is already in the 20th century01:15:28
did not have01:15:32
look, now we'll talk to you01:15:35
about animals01:15:37
what fungi do animals get sick in?01:15:41
basically means now it's yes yes yes I01:15:45
I'll warn you01:15:46
basically it means you and I are interested01:15:48
not some abstract shrews01:15:51
to either our kittens and puppies or01:15:55
some sheep that were there01:15:57
and goats, yes, because they are our pets01:16:00
animals before any01:16:04
19 mm or there until the mid-twenties01:16:06
centuries all these lichens01:16:08
who are they, what are they, and these are mushrooms01:16:11
which contains the keratin enzyme01:16:14
keratin is able to decompose any01:16:17
skin or let's say chili integumentary01:16:21
formation that is made from proteins with01:16:24
involving keratin, that is, hair and skin01:16:27
nails horns hooves feathers and all that01:16:30
quietly keratin film mushrooms01:16:32
digest once they certainly were01:16:34
kind fluffy and naturally fed01:16:37
only01:16:38
decaying remains that01:16:40
fell into the soil but from one to the other01:16:43
not for long and from the decaying remains they01:16:46
managed to switch to living beings and began01:16:50
actively develop wool skin and the same01:16:53
the very horns and hooves but no longer lying in01:16:55
actively walking on the ground, reproducing and01:16:58
generally living his life literally01:17:04
recent treatment of such01:17:06
the animals were quite unpleasant01:17:08
because there weren’t these bones yet and01:17:10
these are all of you are one01:17:13
spots of mushrooms they fired around01:17:17
cut live01:17:19
and if they were big crusts, then right01:17:21
You won’t believe it, just like that they separated and01:17:23
further treated with antiseptics and01:17:26
the beasts suffered terribly, but in recent times01:17:29
several decades have already been created01:17:31
quite effective01:17:33
antimycotic drugs that01:17:35
by literally simple spreading01:17:38
allow more or less effective01:17:40
to get rid of this, which cannot be said about people01:17:42
unfortunately that is what is done in01:17:44
agriculture for humans is not01:17:47
it works very well and I'll explain why, well here it is01:17:50
besides what exists01:17:54
fungi so-called dermatophytes01:17:57
which01:17:59
cause ringworm and others01:18:01
there is damage to the skin and other integuments01:18:04
and other mushrooms for example this one01:18:06
the closest relative of Phytophthora01:18:08
potato called supra01:18:10
shower those who had boiled and maybe01:18:13
be aware that with a reduced01:18:15
temperature in the presence of fish which01:18:18
weakened health by such white fluff01:18:20
or they overgrow and die especially01:18:23
caviar and01:18:25
fry that's what she's just01:18:27
the board is instantly covered as01:18:29
white fluff and essentially eats and01:18:33
other livestock pests first01:18:35
turn these are all kinds of aspergillus01:18:37
Aspergillus harm in the first place01:18:41
bees and birds, those who have apiaries01:18:45
do they know what stone bee brood is?01:18:48
lime brood and all sorts of others01:18:50
nasty things when people start in stages01:18:53
seize and fuss01:18:56
from I don't remember whether I found the picture or not01:18:59
Did I find the picture or not stop01:19:01
count down since we're talking about01:19:04
pray what unfortunate souls they have01:19:07
if all these bees have whitish bellies01:19:10
You can already see the larvae inside within 24 hours01:19:11
In general, completely white Aspergers is taking over01:19:14
the entire hive suppresses the larvae infect01:19:17
adults why are adult bees so01:19:20
sad sight they are trying to leave01:19:23
the hive is crawling out of there with all its strength01:19:25
crawl away can't fly anymore crawl away01:19:27
as far as possible so that together01:19:29
introduce an infection but basically a hive01:19:31
stricken01:19:33
ost beloved he is essentially doomed you01:19:35
In general, such a family is subject to destruction01:19:39
she's basically a bee01:19:40
doomed, and in the case of birds, slowly01:19:45
let's start it's not people yet, here's the case of birds01:19:50
As a rule, supergel affects the lungs01:19:53
this is the hidden chick he was singing there, visible01:19:55
yes, here it is cut lengthwise and here it is light01:19:58
and and01:19:59
see how beautiful that moment is olof01:20:01
memory of the aesthetics of the process when inhaled01:20:05
As a rule, chickens are affected both in01:20:08
first of all broiler comes here01:20:10
such overgrowth of the lungs by aspergillus we are in01:20:12
In principle, of course there is no cure for this01:20:14
because in the early stages it is not01:20:16
there's no point in catching her later01:20:18
catch this is approximately how it happens with01:20:23
animals and01:20:26
now before the bee we already had01:20:30
Now I propose that people come to us and01:20:33
let's first figure out why01:20:37
last about 50 but maybe 6001:20:40
70 years of fungal diseases01:20:43
and how superficial they are01:20:46
called dermatomycosis or01:20:50
deep which are called deep01:20:52
the goats just fell on us but01:20:54
doctors were once unfortunate to humanity01:20:59
dermatologists, they did everything01:21:02
in a row, including mushrooms01:21:05
encountered no mushrooms except01:21:07
external manifestations and some spots01:21:10
lichens that occasionally appeared on their01:21:13
patients there is an old joke about how01:21:17
mushroom dermatologist boasts of his01:21:20
profession he says my patients01:21:24
they never pick me up with calls01:21:26
nights never die and never01:21:29
are getting well01:21:30
that is, flags in terms of business and absolutely01:21:33
perfect thing indeed01:21:36
the fact is that the disease is01:21:41
people call it steps themselves, it’s almost01:21:44
our only real human ones01:21:46
diseases01:21:48
that is, the fungi that cause01:21:49
are called antepa films that is01:21:52
person's loved ones well in quotes there before in01:21:54
in a sense they evolved from01:21:57
we are millions of years old and like a parasite it’s good01:21:59
adapted to their owner01:22:02
the task is not to kill us like01:22:03
as quickly as possible and live on us as quickly as possible01:22:06
longer that's why they developed this01:22:10
a form of parasitism which with one01:22:12
hand allows them to effectively01:22:15
resist our immune system and with01:22:17
cause harm to the other party01:22:19
so acceptable to our body01:22:22
that he is somehow ready to tolerate them01:22:25
existence but as soon as Fleming01:22:32
you know everything, yes of course Alexandra01:22:34
Fleming, which was discovered by penicillin in01:22:36
forty-two and starting around01:22:39
forty-four when you are not a cycle01:22:41
went into mass production01:22:44
turned over01:22:46
medical component of the military01:22:48
actions, that is, millions of people who01:22:52
previously they definitely died from all sorts of things01:22:54
secondary bacterial infections in01:22:57
primarily due to invention01:22:59
antibiotics were saved by antibiotics01:23:02
quite the right name which now01:23:04
misleading many people01:23:05
it would be correct to call this thing anti01:23:08
bacteria because01:23:10
fungal antibiotics, including01:23:14
penicillin is harmful01:23:16
only for bacteria01:23:18
but not for mushrooms and especially not for viruses01:23:20
so anti01:23:23
antibiotic drugs actually01:23:25
this is only and exclusively01:23:28
what about antibacterial drugs?01:23:30
it happened when01:23:33
doctors have effectively mastered humanity01:23:37
antibiotic use and started01:23:39
together to defeat all sorts of01:23:40
they were exposed to bacterial diseases01:23:44
attacks our conditionally pathogenic01:23:47
bacterial flora lives in us01:23:50
a bunch of friendly and most of them are not01:23:53
some amount not very much01:23:54
friendly to again tolerant for01:23:57
our body bacteria first01:23:59
turn of such ladies E. coli01:24:00
everyone knows everything about her01:24:03
they write and she’s from sico, it’s useful01:24:05
it's no no because it can01:24:06
form aggressive forms but meaning01:24:11
existence for us ours01:24:14
opportunistic bacterial flora01:24:16
is that as I already said01:24:18
Previously, animals were restrained01:24:21
leaving others for themselves what is most01:24:24
delicious yes, but we are already friends01:24:26
millions of years and that's why we have01:24:27
little by little and generally enough01:24:29
she is humane01:24:33
leaves us for himself while protecting01:24:36
your table from other enemies is much more01:24:39
dangerous once antibiotics are started01:24:41
systematically the masses of the population01:24:44
destroy opportunistic pathogens01:24:47
bacterial flora01:24:49
a holy place is never empty let me begin01:24:52
freebies right there01:24:53
mold and yeast attacked until the 50s01:24:56
for years no one knew what it was01:24:58
mold challenges disease caused by01:25:01
molds01:25:03
yeast diseases were known01:25:06
exclusively like but bill white to the bottom01:25:09
before the thrush could not come to anyone01:25:12
my head that thrush will suddenly start01:25:13
continue skin brain01:25:16
bone tissue to nails just like this01:25:20
do some01:25:23
scary good01:25:28
ok that's it moldy01:25:34
some kind of extreme [ __ ] when let's say01:25:36
dudes got sick with pneumonia01:25:38
there was a scar or some kind of depression there01:25:41
a luxurious lump of green grows01:25:43
mold01:25:44
which in the first place is almost not caught01:25:46
no translucent devices and01:25:48
secondly, it doesn’t kill immediately, which is sad01:25:51
causes pain for many years01:25:53
years and decades01:25:55
thanks to the advent of antibiotics01:25:58
such joy appeared in everyone01:26:02
medical institutions other than01:26:04
antibiotics that opened a direct path01:26:08
killing pathogenic fungi01:26:10
opportunistic bacteria are practically01:26:13
immediately after them medicine appeared01:26:15
called cytostatics is another one01:26:17
from the achievements of our medicine people01:26:19
learned to fight and at least01:26:21
started learning how to fight cancer01:26:23
cytostatics01:26:26
stop development and sometimes even01:26:28
destroy cancer in the early stages01:26:31
tumor because of their actions01:26:33
directed against active reproduction01:26:35
cells they act on RNA molecules01:26:38
but accordingly became01:26:41
stopping the development of cancer01:26:43
they also suspend actively01:26:48
dividing bone marrow cells and all01:26:52
our immune system which actually01:26:54
speaking the taste of bone marrow and yes01:26:55
lymphocytes and other joys are formed01:26:57
in the same way you became cytostatic01:27:00
suspend our updates01:27:03
immune system in order to01:27:06
effectively treat many diseases01:27:09
it is necessary to remove inflammatory processes and01:27:12
yes she was about 80 for that01:27:15
In the 1990s, steroid drugs were invented01:27:18
testing for steroid deficiency01:27:20
people develop a bunch of bad things01:27:22
diseases inflammation begins01:27:24
joints and all the way down to all sorts of red01:27:26
cub and other terrible things but if01:27:30
there is an excess of steroids in the body, then they01:27:35
influence the activity of lymphocytes lymphocyte01:27:40
practically stop working01:27:41
in fact, that’s why they don’t go01:27:43
inflammatory processes and in all these01:27:46
cases01:27:47
that steroids something 100 static what01:27:49
antibiotics01:27:50
we end up with an organism that01:27:53
practically deprived, first of all, of his own01:27:57
hostile allied opportunistic01:28:00
bacterial flora and, in addition,01:28:02
immunity and this is it01:28:04
awesome food for mushrooms01:28:06
of all stripes, it’s just so hard for yourself01:28:09
imagine further look absolutely01:28:12
surgical methods have changed if further01:28:15
I don’t know, someone got something torn off there01:28:17
date lit big resinous faq and you01:28:20
burned this thing, nothing special there01:28:22
Baba didn’t worry too much about this01:28:24
Now what methods do we have?01:28:27
surgery can also be amazing doctors01:28:30
penetrate with their instruments into everything01:28:33
cavity until I stick something straight into the heart01:28:36
they cut it up, they hide it, they put tampons in there01:28:39
they put probes in, I don’t say such words01:28:41
like catheters and other various things01:28:44
which are in us01:28:46
in our darkest moments01:28:48
existences fall into what is here01:28:52
all this is characteristic and interesting01:28:55
happens quickly and it's called01:28:57
intensive care surgery01:28:59
how long does a person stay in01:29:01
resuscitation is usually hours true and01:29:04
he usually gets there to01:29:07
to undergo all this method because01:29:09
that exactly at this moment from the fact that01:29:11
they will do it to him01:29:12
resuscitators depends on his life here01:29:15
basically no one thinks about it01:29:17
about how the devil can stick and not01:29:20
will give and implemented or just fly01:29:22
through a cotton gauze bandage or something01:29:24
accidentally getting somewhere is too much01:29:27
little update on what's going on01:29:28
right now at the moment what01:29:31
sad surgeons resuscitators never01:29:34
don't see the consequences of their actions01:29:35
because as soon as one that's all01:29:38
they broke it, then they fixed it all with this one01:29:41
the carcass is processed and sent to01:29:43
an ordinary ward and there it is already before01:29:47
doctors who are not emergency resuscitators01:29:50
are faced with a phenomenon that has already01:29:53
many decades is called as01:29:54
hospital infection because that's all01:29:57
we stuck on the map torelli on the probe01:30:00
the animators made it easier for her comrades01:30:04
in an ordinary ward it blooms magnificently01:30:06
color and therefore at least 30 percent01:30:08
patients after emergency surgery01:30:14
they receive all sorts of interventions01:30:16
mushroom joys in this case must be had in01:30:18
I see that they are definitely stuffed01:30:20
antibiotics and we introduced steroids like01:30:23
after surgery to01:30:26
relieve inflammation and of course 10001:30:29
they also get static because01:30:31
most often the operation is performed there before01:30:33
blood problems diabetes and liver cancer and01:30:36
so on here01:30:37
having all this invasion instantaneous01:30:40
with a severe reprimand with a reprimand01:30:42
in the liver this is exactly the same01:30:44
the same and at the same time with the destroyed01:30:49
bacterial flora and stuffed01:30:52
drugs that reduce immunity we we01:30:55
people and the more developed the country and01:30:57
the more developed the methods01:31:00
medicine and ralph and other topics with greater01:31:02
we probably get all fungal01:31:05
diseases individual stories are01:31:07
organ transplantation and01:31:09
fabrics because here already01:31:11
purposefully01:31:12
before mitigation methods are applied01:31:13
immunity because if this is not01:31:16
do not cause a decrease in immunity01:31:18
artificially transplanted organs and01:31:20
the tissue will most likely be rejected by you01:31:23
This doesn't just happen all at once, but01:31:27
throughout the expected01:31:29
there is no period of engraftment and introduces01:31:32
immunosuppressive drugs therefore01:31:35
all modern medicine01:31:37
including surgery as a separate fast01:31:39
moment are aimed at ensuring that we01:31:43
received superficial and deep01:31:46
systemic and all sorts of other mycoses, what?01:31:49
never happened before means besides01:31:53
medical reasons but there are also simple01:31:57
reasons are natural and that's what I01:32:00
conventionally called weakened immunity01:32:03
but it is clear that the syndrome is acquired01:32:05
immunodeficiency before HIV infected here01:32:07
I don’t even need anything else because I don’t01:32:09
no antibiotics or cytostatics are needed01:32:13
minimally invasive surgery, the very fact of the presence01:32:17
viral immunosuppression01:32:19
automatically assumes colossal01:32:22
vulnerability of patients01:32:26
HIV virus or statistics in different01:32:30
countries from 30 to 90 percent of deaths01:32:34
from HIV they are killed by someone with mushrooms against yes01:32:40
here, as it stands, you can say yes01:32:43
but just mushrooms01:32:45
mostly I die, they kill the sick01:32:49
AIDS any immune disease01:32:52
systems and hepatitis no matter what viral01:32:55
some other01:32:56
Well, it’s clear that the medicine is here01:33:00
everything intersects but even just stress and01:33:02
any events leading to a decrease01:33:04
immunity they open the gates for01:33:07
fungal infection and like01:33:10
superficial only and this is what they love01:33:12
it's easier to nest on a person who01:33:15
is in a state of immune deficiency01:33:17
or simply under the influence of stress, let alone01:33:19
if this is some homeless person imagine01:33:21
to myself, yes, it’s just a favor, but to01:33:25
unfortunately, in addition to immunodeficiency and01:33:30
there are also medical reasons01:33:32
environmental factors giant landfills01:33:34
to which our cities surround and01:33:37
which become a source01:33:40
an indescribable amount of disputes and01:33:42
scraps of mycelium do not live in big cities01:33:45
in a colossal mushroom broth we just01:33:48
we constantly enter into some kind of01:33:50
aerosols here I am talking to you now01:33:53
1 I, well, at the same time continued at you too01:33:55
press disputes scraps of my goals with everyone01:33:58
by inhaling we send into ourselves several01:34:00
tens and maybe even hundreds01:34:03
there may be thousands of disputes with all this ours01:34:06
the body fights quite effectively01:34:08
lymphocytes crawl there on the mucous membrane01:34:12
all this is eaten by the upper layers of the skin but01:34:14
this is constantly sacrificed to the body why01:34:17
the main dust in houses is human01:34:20
leather because the body throws it away01:34:23
this is a protective reaction of the upper layers of the skin01:34:25
constantly generates are amazed01:34:26
growing disputes and are rejected01:34:29
body as a natural defense01:34:32
reaction here but in addition to unfavorable01:34:41
ecological situation and this01:34:42
apartment walls getting wet and overgrown01:34:45
mold and just mold bread box yes01:34:47
which we open she flew01:34:49
flew there are also professional ones01:34:53
risk groups the fact is that many mushrooms01:34:59
both those living on the skin and those that01:35:02
strive to get inside and not01:35:06
loves loose soft moist warm skin01:35:09
so if your work is related to01:35:11
wearing rubber shoes for a long time01:35:13
for example, you are a water utility worker before or01:35:17
some hot production even01:35:21
if you are an athlete01:35:22
which swears to the rubber splash01:35:26
and splashes of sweat flew and that’s it and he01:35:29
fell on it again, rolled and beautiful01:35:31
got up but at that moment he was already on01:35:34
on steamed heels there is something stuck there01:35:36
further to a serious recusal of such things01:35:40
workers are at great risk01:35:42
poultry farms this holy and there are chickens01:35:45
breathed in and exhaled in response and in general01:35:48
and keratin and fil and all this in01:35:50
mostly also wooden and damp from01:35:52
grain that most terrible place is01:35:54
poultry farms if you find yourself in01:35:56
poultry farm even with01:35:57
this is even with a one-time visit01:36:00
get out of there, you need to take a shower right away01:36:02
destroy all the clothes you are wearing01:36:04
was I'm practically not joking yes that is01:36:07
maybe not so scary well01:36:08
70 percent is very close to01:36:11
truth any food production up to01:36:14
canteens pose a risk of infection01:36:21
well, not us but visitors but workers01:36:24
there are people with all kinds of mushrooms01:36:26
diseases, look if we01:36:33
people have already switched to professions and others01:36:35
moments01:36:37
what are the risk groups01:36:43
here more or less01:36:45
different categories of citizens are divided according to01:36:49
groups01:36:50
either professional or01:36:52
diseases to which they are susceptible01:36:55
as I already said, that means everyone is sick01:36:57
suffering from one form or another01:37:01
immunodeficiency, look at our sword01:37:03
very half a million01:37:05
officially registered in Russia01:37:07
real ones probably there, well, I don’t know 35 and here01:37:11
opinions vary and not everyone goes almost01:37:14
no one comes for some reason01:37:15
register any diseases01:37:19
associated with endocrine problems in01:37:22
first of all diabetes yes it is01:37:24
colossal risk group constantly01:37:26
reduced to him by01:37:29
permanently reduced immunity any01:37:32
chronic diseases of any internal01:37:33
organs no matter what no matter what01:37:37
There is01:37:38
being under stress and01:37:43
[music]01:37:45
accompanied by admission to the first01:37:47
queue antibiotics and anti-inflammatory01:37:50
drugs these people are all one hundred percent01:37:51
fall into the risk category of receiving01:37:55
mycoses and, of course, those who don’t01:38:00
lucky with allies and hostiles01:38:03
bacteria, that is, any form01:38:04
dysbacteriosis there before bacterial01:38:07
insufficiency of incorrect layout01:38:09
symbionts and pathogenic fungi and flora are01:38:12
all natural groups that are01:38:15
groups of people who fall into a group01:38:17
risk Means01:38:20
in some sense special groups01:38:22
are made up of, well, it’s clear, homeless people01:38:25
up to the team and chronic unkempt01:38:28
alcoholics put a little bit of effort on themselves01:38:35
that doesn't mean it's more expensive01:38:37
premature newborn babies that is01:38:39
all the people who seem to be not01:38:42
they get sick, yes, but they either got it right from the start01:38:45
or is currently in01:38:48
unfavorable physical condition01:38:50
let's say then all these are also those objects01:38:53
which mushrooms attack with pleasure well01:38:56
and finally professional risks yes01:38:57
This means that these are workers first and foremost.01:39:00
any large biochemical production01:39:03
especially where01:39:05
activities related to obtaining01:39:07
sugars or acids are wonderful01:39:09
substrates that molds love01:39:12
for example, in terms of you about ticks now01:39:15
there are a huge number of mushroom stamps01:39:17
who happily eats antibiotics01:39:19
and they simply reproduce on them therefore01:39:21
some major drugs01:39:23
antibiotic production01:39:26
First of all, work there represents01:39:28
act like a serious leaf because you01:39:30
you can get mold that grows on01:39:32
the medicines you make means01:39:35
all communal services landfill workers entering01:39:38
channel the entire food industry and so on01:39:40
further so further that's it01:39:43
practically and this reflects the reality01:39:46
state to in the world in different countries from01:39:49
30 to 80 percent of the population is one way or another01:39:53
otherwise sick in one form or another01:39:55
Kosovo is therefore a risk group here, she is in01:39:59
in general, there may even be an expiration date01:40:02
exceeds 100 storage that is the number01:40:05
people who are at risk of fungal infections01:40:08
diseases significantly exceeds01:40:10
the number of people who, in general, are more01:40:13
can feel less in this regard01:40:15
confident and finally one more01:40:17
sign and then we will go along01:40:19
pictures01:40:23
for a long time sometimes they shout give me details01:40:28
that means, well, in principle it makes sense01:40:32
take a quick look at this sign01:40:34
it means these are all mushrooms, look01:40:37
which is really ours and we are theirs01:40:39
we are already practically in a union01:40:43
dermatomycosis which either actually01:40:45
just very, very our human01:40:47
which have accompanied us for several times now01:40:49
hundreds of thousands of years or those that we01:40:52
we get from kittens and puppies01:40:53
or goats and rams until no longer01:40:57
less close contact these are all kinds01:41:01
dermatomycoses deprived us of trichophytosis01:41:03
now let's look at the pictures I was less01:41:05
I’ll tell you about them, the second group is01:41:09
a very interesting group of mushrooms that01:41:12
Now01:41:14
increases every year it's like this01:41:16
mushrooms that we basically never01:41:18
were not needed and they don’t even need us01:41:22
now and would not be needed in the future if01:41:24
suddenly it turned out completely by accident01:41:27
so because of everything that happened01:41:29
listed in the two previous plates01:41:31
we didn't turn out to be tasty food for them01:41:34
that is, these are all kinds of yeast up to01:41:36
all kinds of mold and all sorts of crypto01:41:40
coca aspergillus and01:41:41
in general, it’s more like sopro corpse mushrooms01:41:45
which are our meat, liver or01:41:48
heart or skin or even bone01:41:50
brain01:41:51
wouldn't be interested if we didn't do it ourselves01:41:53
presented them to them on a silver platter, that is01:41:57
a person is abandoned by immunity, this is suddenly01:41:59
unexpectedly ready-made dishes for these01:42:03
the most so-called opportunistic fungi01:42:07
they are also called opportunistic01:42:09
because under normal conditions01:42:10
circumstances one never any01:42:12
no harm done here is a good example01:42:17
The 60s don't fly by the 60s01:42:21
from Antarctica they still sailed us here back then01:42:25
a portion sailed across the world's oceans01:42:28
penguins Moscow Zoo01:42:30
caught and adjusted penguins and01:42:34
happily released then there was only one01:42:36
large communal pool with hippos all01:42:39
other garbage in general this was it01:42:40
beautiful01:42:42
beautiful big puddle bored animal01:42:45
the population of these penguins for two weeks01:42:47
everything was swimming fine when suddenly01:42:50
one not wonderful day these penguins01:42:54
began to float up as dead carcasses and on01:42:58
second day not a single living penguin01:43:01
left when they opened it, it’s even01:43:04
probably even I would be surprised01:43:07
I saw the photo in Moscow01:43:09
zoo and showed01:43:11
nothing at all inside except the green ones01:43:14
on the right the wearer had no mold, that is01:43:16
this time the fabric is shifted and that’s all01:43:18
green stairs spores amazing01:43:22
a spectacle considering that penguins01:43:26
how many millions of years are there supposed to be?01:43:28
evolved in Antarctica01:43:30
at negative temperatures then01:43:32
Naturally, why all the extra genes?01:43:34
keep all kinds of rubbish including01:43:36
mold resistance they were them01:43:38
lost01:43:39
when they got even in our01:43:42
Moscow01:43:43
not too sunny summer then naturally01:43:46
due to the complete lack of protective01:43:48
barriers01:43:49
they became an instant look for osprey01:43:52
matters in which I would never have thought01:43:54
came in the sense of givv01:43:55
be interested in these same penguins01:43:58
the same thing happens to us as well01:44:00
since we live in cities and we have01:44:03
good medicine antibiotics and so on01:44:05
and so on, and we and ourselves gradually01:44:08
stick has something to say about01:44:11
preservatives how it works cool ours01:44:14
life and yes yes what we are into ourselves01:44:16
put it in it's full of preservatives and01:44:18
preservatives are an ideal substrate for01:44:20
development of all kinds of mold and yeast01:44:24
Last year I was in France in the winter01:44:30
a law on reburial was adopted01:44:32
until last year in France01:44:35
boiled01:44:36
hoofs or reburied once 12 years01:44:40
Now01:44:42
hi new interval 32 years01:44:45
because there 12 1824 you dig it01:44:49
that he is alive, that is, due to01:44:51
what our our food now contains01:44:54
a colossal amount of preservatives here01:44:56
these guys stay down01:44:59
as they are and there is no point but for the living01:45:01
this doesn't work like that at all, that is, if01:45:04
these these are saved until the zombies if01:45:07
zombies are saved then the living ones are transformed01:45:10
yourself into a substrate for the development of fungi and01:45:15
finally exist01:45:18
such a special phenomenon as a mushroom01:45:21
Allergy is a very interesting thing01:45:24
for example there is one01:45:26
oh well, we'll get to it and01:45:29
finally out01:45:31
among very dangerous mushroom phenomena01:45:33
now in our country this is not the case01:45:35
mainly concerns the northern and central01:45:37
America and a little bit of Africa and its01:45:41
China has endemic especially dangerous01:45:44
mycoses01:45:45
These are fungal diseases that01:45:48
aggressively transmitted from one person to another01:45:50
to another with which it is possible01:45:52
become infected in the wild and which01:45:57
in the vast majority of cases, but01:46:00
certain circumstances lead to01:46:02
let's talk about death too, but now01:46:06
let's start with simple things here01:46:11
look, first we'll talk about01:46:14
the simplest and our traditional01:46:16
fungal diseases are epidermophytes01:46:20
that develop on our skin01:46:23
the most common among them is01:46:25
pityriasis versicolor or versicolor versicolor01:46:29
he is such a beauty basically everything01:46:32
it doesn't deprive it, in general it's more or less01:46:34
it's clear they don't represent themselves01:46:37
no serious threat other than01:46:39
cosmetic yes but it's very, very01:46:42
everyone who is somehow more on01:46:45
especially when it comes to mycosis of the foot01:46:48
they can't go to the beach01:46:50
started working in children's institutions yes01:46:53
and so on and so on in the end01:46:55
just go out there without gloves and01:46:57
meet someone01:46:58
the opposite sex imprints you01:47:01
hide crooked yellow corroded01:47:03
mushrooms, nails from which or something like that01:47:06
maybe it even starts with01:47:08
Well, that is, you can live with it, but somehow01:47:10
a little unpleasant although in principle01:47:12
it doesn't affect the general standard of living that much01:47:15
look, yes that means what01:47:22
is a cosmetic nuisance01:47:24
pityriasis versicolor01:47:26
on the beaches it's a slang name for this thing01:47:29
sun fungus because you see in01:47:32
in case of sunburn, those places where there is a fungus01:47:35
should and they don't sunbathe and if the sun01:47:38
painted a nice brown color01:47:40
vitamin d our school around the spot then01:47:43
the stain itself remains pink, I'm sure01:47:45
Have you come across something like this on the beaches?01:47:48
I definitely came across copies01:47:49
came across but it evokes sympathy yes01:47:52
but still01:47:54
pityriasis versicolor may not develop01:47:57
only later can it develop and01:47:59
his folds of fingers are interesting01:48:01
different strains like different folds01:48:04
those that develop only between01:48:06
third and fourth, that is, let's say01:48:08
those that are between the second and the first01:48:10
the idea is not in case of hybrid formation01:48:14
crumbling then still preserved01:48:16
their preferences, that is, they do not01:48:18
begin to appear suddenly between the first and01:48:20
second and so on, even the most ordinary01:48:23
dandruff that was previously unknown01:48:26
why is it still the same pityriasis versicolor01:48:28
which, breaking into the same head, he01:48:31
causes something like this01:48:32
peeling skin its close relative01:48:36
trichophyton yes, he is our handsome man01:48:41
boss is the most common01:48:45
fungal disease and even more so01:48:47
high level of development of the country cultural01:48:49
medical the higher the degree01:48:51
red trichophyton lesions here01:48:54
this is red trichophytosis of the feet and when01:48:57
such blisters appear on the skin01:49:00
heels begin to get rough01:49:02
Weeping areas appear in cracks01:49:04
between the fingers it's all red01:49:06
trichophyton and01:49:10
infection occurs in the most common01:49:13
For us the conditions are first and foremost01:49:15
of course everything is somehow related to01:49:17
water for visiting saunas01:49:20
just the sand on the beaches contains wet01:49:23
itself a sufficient amount of controversial01:49:25
bar of mycelium three captains so that we01:49:28
got it on your weeping01:49:30
steamed paws yes that’s why in principle01:49:33
to avoid this exact hour01:49:37
frequency phenomenon the main thing we can01:49:40
do it for yourself, reject it completely01:49:44
all the impersonal shoes are impersonal01:49:47
medical term that is something to experience01:49:49
came to visit you, they gave you slipper marks01:49:51
find out I didn't and who walked in them before01:49:54
this and what the poet poured there in the store01:49:56
no and get yours01:49:58
yes, but it’s better if you’re wearing01:50:01
disposable socks and so on, and what if01:50:04
you came to the bathhouse01:50:06
if you are going to the sauna then hold it in front of you01:50:08
It’s best to soak it in boiling water01:50:10
walk along this path in front of you01:50:13
and then accordingly or lay01:50:15
something on the bench because we don't01:50:16
we know whose skin scales are with which01:50:19
the contents stuck to it, well, I’m already on01:50:21
comb I'm just silent until the comb01:50:24
should only be yours, preferably01:50:26
light up every time they were already01:50:29
behind and if you didn't control fate01:50:31
combs from use to01:50:33
use that is, you don't know in01:50:35
whose hands could she end up with?01:50:37
no longer the right comb I no longer01:50:40
I'm talking about when we sit down here01:50:45
You called Yandex taxi without thinking01:50:49
thought and sat down and leaned her head against01:50:52
headrest you can do everything you can01:50:57
make an appointment with the doctor Mikola Gu01:51:00
because someone leaned against you there01:51:02
head public metroid01:51:05
this is happiness and how much is there, well then01:51:08
there you can imagine01:51:09
what could be happening in this regard?01:51:15
already trichophyton which causes mycosis01:51:17
stop and01:51:18
and can cause this is called01:51:21
inguinal dermatophytes yes this is unfortunately01:51:24
happens mostly men because01:51:27
female female hormonal background he01:51:30
unfavorable for this form of fungus01:51:32
but such troubles do happen01:51:35
even bigger troubles happen01:51:37
which are named right by their name01:51:40
trichophytosis of the fungus01:51:41
this is what people call cutting01:51:44
Ringworm is called ringworm01:51:47
ringworm because he01:51:49
cuts accordingly as you understand01:51:50
at the site of its development they completely fall out01:51:54
hair and remain at first only01:51:57
tiny, no more than a centimeter01:51:59
gray black stumps that are easy01:52:01
can be removed with tweezers, but in principle they are01:52:03
it is not necessary to take out what they then01:52:04
and they fall off themselves and if this thing is like that01:52:07
or otherwise heals, which is absolutely not01:52:09
There's definitely hair in this place01:52:14
never grow again01:52:18
so look what a wonderful thing01:52:22
it means ringworm and there are different types01:52:26
nature, for example, is purely feminine01:52:29
version it is called01:52:32
violet trichophyton im trichophyton01:52:36
and this is a group of mushrooms before the callers01:52:38
decide, in principle, women suffer from it and01:52:41
children including boys boys and01:52:43
girls feet moment of puberty01:52:45
this time this place means masculine01:52:49
male sex hormones create background01:52:51
which leads to self-healing01:52:53
boys will continue to be given this thing01:52:56
unfortunately it's a girl01:52:58
that's how unpleasant she looks01:53:01
from above and further means approximately 8001:53:05
percent of those suffering from this form01:53:09
the smaller ones are women, for example01:53:12
passing on to us01:53:14
I decide from animals they take a lot01:53:17
severe form is often not01:53:18
weeping with the formation of all kinds of eczema01:53:21
bubbles falling off for a long time is difficult01:53:24
healing leaving scars01:53:26
but meanwhile, one way or another it’s still01:53:31
superficial forms of mycoses that are so01:53:34
or else we walked a long way01:53:36
evolutionary path and do not harm us01:53:39
nothing but very serious01:53:42
troubles let's say square01:53:45
serious troubles01:53:48
means another form of superficial01:53:51
mycoses01:53:52
This01:53:54
microsporia microscope microsporia we01:53:57
We get it mainly from pets01:54:00
that is, or completely pet dogs and01:54:02
kitties01:54:03
before or01:54:04
those animals kept by the owners01:54:09
owners of dachas on their plots01:54:10
main main groups of diseases01:54:14
microsporia then of course children because01:54:16
they are rushing to install a stray kitten01:54:18
before he is licked in every possible way and then by everyone01:54:21
with this they touch themselves and those around them, and so01:54:24
after this here01:54:25
auto beastmen, it turns out you'll see, yes01:54:30
what wonderful things if we01:54:33
if you like this then01:54:34
accordingly we get on the body in01:54:36
places you to her and here they are01:54:38
initial foci of infection development if01:54:41
children if fiction scratched their heads before or01:54:44
touched the machine hairy01:54:46
participate heads we get like this01:54:48
wonderful spots fortunately no more01:54:50
three for some reason when microsporum01:54:53
develops on the head then more than three01:54:55
foci are not formed in any sense01:54:58
this is some consolation so01:55:03
means approximately01:55:06
20 percent cats 30 30 percent dogs01:55:09
are or01:55:10
carriers of microsporia or patients with it01:55:14
respectively, all places where so or01:55:16
otherwise cats hang out well, that is01:55:18
attics and basements01:55:20
Well, if you’re probably not there already01:55:22
will take you away for sure, there’s nothing to do01:55:24
attic or basement but all sorts of children01:55:26
who love abandoned places like this01:55:30
if you found out that they visited there date01:55:33
naturally washing hands trimming nails01:55:37
with a scalpel, then according to the law, dipping in vinegar01:55:39
It’s advisable to rinse it quickly01:55:42
in an official car these are the minimum01:55:44
measures you can take to01:55:46
it means, accordingly, if your child01:55:48
drags the kitten and says this01:55:50
will live with us01:55:51
then the first thing you should do is01:55:53
pick them both up and take them to the vet01:55:56
clinic and where he will check the smaller one first01:55:59
if everything turns out to be okay with him then01:56:02
you can let go of more01:56:03
and if not, then accordingly to more01:56:05
it is necessary to apply all sorts of01:56:07
preventive measures01:56:10
this is a wonderful thing it looks like to us01:56:15
I'm attractive01:56:17
which is called he is not hamsters it is01:56:21
onychomycosis begins in its frequency01:56:24
so when mushrooms eat our skin it is01:56:27
dermatophytes yes when they eat our01:56:30
the lower skin, that is, the feet, is mycosis01:56:33
wait, when they eat our nails01:56:37
it's called onychomycosis, that is, well01:56:39
respectively, fungal infection of the nails01:56:41
in fact, all three types of the disease01:56:44
can be caused by the same fungi but01:56:46
onychomycosis, that is, an extension of the nails01:56:49
This of all our superficial fungal01:56:51
the most common diseases01:56:54
the funniest thing is again to the question of01:56:57
not ago and yes yes yes forties01:57:04
it was last century01:57:06
a rare disease that01:57:10
found more in southeast Asia01:57:13
nowhere01:57:14
but in 1945, when the Soviet01:57:22
troops of the Far Eastern group01:57:24
the Kwantung Army was defeated01:57:27
is the Kwantung Army01:57:30
it’s clear the Kwantung Army is like that01:57:35
Gepon group which, starting from01:57:37
30s of the last century occupied01:57:40
almost all of Southeast Asia and01:57:43
first of all naturally career01:57:44
China both firmly held and increased01:57:48
there its positions waged war against01:57:50
Soviet Union in the Far East but in01:57:53
forty-fifth year, despite the fact that the number01:57:55
both southern armies were approximately equal in01:57:57
a million and a penny weapons01:57:59
the Kwantung Army was enough01:58:01
primitive because they didn’t have time01:58:03
throw over01:58:04
from Japan normal technology because01:58:07
also layers01:58:08
nuclear bombing all cases 8 cases01:58:11
were bad and the Kwantung Army was defeated and01:58:15
according to the contract, that's greed, listen to it01:58:19
what were we talking about once Ivan Franko01:58:22
like greed a furnace near a swamp step01:58:24
do it and you'll already get stuck in the quagmire01:58:27
deeper you with the next step but on01:58:30
remember the third name in short01:58:32
agreement between the Soviet command and01:58:35
but as a liberator01:58:38
People's Liberation Army of China01:58:40
future communist china everything01:58:43
trophies that were received from01:58:46
defeated by the Soviet Kwantung Army01:58:49
the party did not take it, gave it to itself01:58:51
to the Chinese, well, because the guys are there01:58:53
they were pressed very tightly the last time01:58:55
they didn't have a farm for a decade01:58:57
basically any material assets01:59:00
were more important than in general like you01:59:02
the existing Soviet Union but ours01:59:07
valiant01:59:08
Soviet soldiers could not resist seeing01:59:10
dear Japanese lips and therefore whole01:59:14
boxes both unused and in general01:59:17
to the heap of course already from the former to01:59:20
use01:59:21
nice leather shoes of Japanese soldiers01:59:24
they went first to the Far East and01:59:26
then to the Urals and there in the form of trophies01:59:29
We finally reached the capital of our homeland01:59:32
Means01:59:35
30 to 60 percent fungal01:59:38
diseases in Russia now amounts to01:59:40
onychomycosis and in Europe it ranges from01:59:43
15 to 30 percent depending01:59:46
what country if only the soldiers were more01:59:52
treated their orders responsibly01:59:54
commanders then maybe specific01:59:56
this is a disease that is now numbered01:59:58
alone in the world and in terms of prevalence it is02:00:01
would not hold such positions at all02:00:03
which he now has in general often02:00:06
they are completely insignificant events02:00:10
accompany02:00:12
that is, they get very far-reaching02:00:15
consequences02:00:16
now we move on to the group of mushrooms02:00:21
which02:00:25
in general, they are either not interested in us or02:00:28
very little interest but02:00:30
impaired immunity02:00:32
or not other environmentally02:00:35
unfavorable conditions become02:00:37
our worst enemies, terrible and02:00:39
capable of killing us literally in a matter of minutes02:00:42
days02:00:43
this is what I needed, what I was talking about02:00:46
it's thrush02:00:47
Well this is a pretty strong thrush yes02:00:50
because it's not such an easy raid on02:00:52
language in newborns which we02:00:55
more or less used to it, it's already quite02:00:57
a serious form of thrush which02:00:59
indicates that the child has02:01:01
immunity is not all right, but still02:01:03
if the body is more or less02:01:05
feel confident then02:01:08
thrush which is caused by marsupials02:01:12
yeast of the genus candida until it is normal02:01:15
exists either in our mouth02:01:17
or I apologize in the genital area02:01:19
organs before or inside on the mucosa02:01:22
intestines02:01:23
Well, it’s worth providing her favorable02:01:26
conditions that we have done since02:01:29
the forties of the last century like her02:01:31
Stomatitis goes away, yes it goes02:01:37
draw your own conclusions and even then02:01:41
that this is the most not rude goat who02:01:43
previously called exclusively02:01:45
our superficial02:01:47
epidermis hits that's thrush which02:01:49
replaced the spirit edifies the nails only in02:01:51
a path that would never come to anyone02:01:54
head what she can do moreover02:01:56
Now thrush is against the background of active02:01:59
antibiotic use causes02:02:01
fungal pneumonia, that is, when we02:02:05
defeat bacteria that cause inflammation02:02:09
lungs we immediately provide seats02:02:11
everyone else who loves our lungs and well02:02:14
can't be shown here but that's it all02:02:16
this white coating plus separate02:02:19
white islands02:02:20
this is the result of an attack by candida white bursa02:02:25
even up to our lungs plus if things really happen02:02:28
your diabetes is very bad02:02:31
it means you love sweets, see in02:02:34
mostly sedentary lifestyle plus02:02:36
overweight02:02:37
then here you go, here's candida for you02:02:39
there is no longer a white coating on the tongue, but it’s something02:02:42
much more interesting and treatable02:02:45
wow how not easy wow how not easy02:02:47
it can be treated because in the case of everyone02:02:50
fungal diseases02:02:52
the first thing to do is not to start02:02:54
fight the fungus to eliminate the cause02:02:56
who let him do this to us02:02:58
develop02:03:01
not only marsupial yeast can work on us02:03:05
attack but also basidiomycetes and this is yeast02:03:09
which belongs to the genus crypto like02:03:11
among02:03:13
if we allow the death of AIDS patients02:03:18
from mushrooms is approximately up to 30 to02:03:22
80 90 percent then turn among02:03:26
these percentages are from 60 to 9002:03:29
percent are these same02:03:31
basidiomycetes crypto copco you and yeast in02:03:35
normally they begin to develop in the lungs02:03:37
but if the immune system is weakened enough then02:03:41
they are sure to switch to02:03:44
at first02:03:46
then attack the nervous system02:03:48
circulatory system then bone tissue02:03:50
and then system crypto arises02:03:54
mycosis when they already break out on the skin and02:03:56
in general as in the case of penguins only02:03:58
maybe a little less clear though02:04:01
got ready, that means he has AIDS02:04:03
those who died from crypto are like goats, yeah02:04:08
please they may well call02:04:11
and here they are before subtracting the spots head02:04:15
eaten and and affected easy and if02:04:17
cut a bone02:04:19
plus in case of unfavorable conditions02:04:24
talked up to my head so I never take my cap off02:04:27
I didn’t wear it until it passed, but in the cold02:04:30
hypothermia of the meninges all this02:04:33
greatly contributes to the development of cryptococcosis02:04:35
and crypto goblet meningitis02:04:37
this is one of the most unpleasant things02:04:39
which can happen to us because02:04:41
that it usually requires lifelong02:04:44
supportive treatment here you can02:04:47
look at this turtle right here02:04:51
the meninges the brain itself these02:04:53
greenish spots yes these are all places02:04:55
click02:04:56
crypto what are infections well it looks02:05:00
quite unpleasant of course but but here you are02:05:04
in the garden you are in the garden and you are there02:05:08
all sorts of raspberries and strawberries, maybe you02:05:11
climbed the bread bin or maybe you02:05:14
they were carrying some cheese02:05:15
unexpectedly discovered in the very depths02:05:17
refrigerators and02:05:19
they have this white fluffy mold on them02:05:21
grayish running whitish grayish it02:05:25
mushrooms02:05:27
which are collectively called mukarrameh02:05:30
maybe you heard such words from Makarova02:05:32
mold but raspberry strawberry02:05:34
serratus about what class when here is Anna02:05:36
Makarov and mold that develop02:05:39
anyway02:05:41
rotting food, in principle we are people02:05:44
absolutely not needed exactly the same02:05:47
the case of candida is normal because02:05:49
they are happy02:05:51
eat rotting vegetables02:05:53
products but in case again02:05:59
great word for him02:06:03
incompetent state about him well not02:06:06
write to him 0 and competent state02:06:08
if this is the situation02:06:10
observed when inhaling here you are02:06:13
picked this berry, it's small and moldy02:06:16
sniffed the disgusting stuff and threw it all away02:06:18
yes, as they say, as young people say02:06:21
it’s too late to rush around there, a maximum of 2 is allowed02:06:23
weeks because at first two is normal02:06:28
a week is not so short02:06:29
you can do a lot in three days, look02:06:32
first let's start this apartment02:06:34
develops in the nasal cavity then02:06:37
channels02:06:38
it rises into the eyes, captures the eyes02:06:42
after this facial paralysis begins02:06:44
after this the mushroom penetrates the brain if not02:06:48
actually goodbye at best02:06:50
it takes two weeks, it’s unpleasant but02:06:52
nevertheless, there’s basically nothing further02:06:55
there was no such thing, I can’t take it02:06:58
berries of something evil fell on a person02:07:01
it was completely unthinkable only in02:07:03
these days these things are starting to work02:07:06
this means it's not a drawing02:07:08
marble and never inserted this02:07:11
a thing called beautiful02:07:13
termed farmer's lung02:07:16
easy farmer easy meaning that's it02:07:20
right or left and get confused here02:07:22
the green things in it are what farmers need02:07:25
accompanies when02:07:30
[music]02:07:32
I've come across people like this, you and I02:07:36
I don’t know whether the old ones encountered it or not02:07:38
summer residents then they come to their dacha02:07:41
they start covariation there my passed02:07:43
June is coming and especially if02:07:45
mid-July they start like this02:07:47
They're just starting to cough02:07:50
fatigue they get up from the path they worked02:07:52
a couple of hours and more and more I want to lie down02:07:54
sleep, and by the way, it’s very02:07:59
a typical thing for workers02:08:01
libraries they start digging into02:08:04
shelves of books there to drive away this dust and so02:08:07
their eyes begin to hurt02:08:09
they're tearing up, they're coughing the same thing02:08:12
start to choke it's all work like that02:08:15
or otherwise related to Omsk lines I02:08:18
In general, the workers of garbage dumps and02:08:20
especially the scariest garbage trucks02:08:23
which for some reason traditionally works02:08:25
without gauze bandages but this is not comme il faut like02:08:28
I wouldn’t give it later if it’s for a role02:08:30
you're so low on your garbage truck02:08:33
that's the chronic systemic one02:08:38
disciplined02:08:39
utopian still knows what02:08:42
allergic alveolitis and that's all that02:08:46
employees receive02:08:47
[music]02:08:49
agriculture libraries and02:08:53
city dumps and what a sad thing02:08:58
could be a pure allergy to02:09:01
disputes and real infection02:09:04
growing mycelium which02:09:09
becomes more active during summer work in02:09:12
lungs and is activated due to02:09:14
with their breath we inhale their spores and this02:09:17
a condition that lasts for years02:09:18
practically incurable I remembered when02:09:23
we talked about friends in general02:09:25
a completely unique thing that was02:09:28
only in the Soviet Union allergic02:09:33
bronchial asthma02:09:34
this didn't happen anywhere else in the world02:09:37
in the 60s, that means our scientists received02:09:41
task to develop a cheap yeast strain02:09:45
of which02:09:47
should have taken some vitamins and02:09:50
concentrates because birds are not visible02:09:53
enough proteins for02:09:54
insertion into the pocket had to be obtained02:09:57
beat vitamins and concentrates was selected02:09:59
candida yeast strain maltose again02:10:03
candida which02:10:05
which was taught to eat absolutely02:10:08
free substrate vaseline oil02:10:11
that is, a waste product02:10:14
oil distillation 0 cost and here it is02:10:17
joyfully swollen on this Vaseline02:10:19
billions of tons of this yeast were02:10:21
seven or eight factories built first02:10:25
the plant was launched, I don’t know how02:10:29
removal is correctly placed by Kirishi02:10:31
Leningrad region02:10:32
city like Kirishi Kirishi yes it was 7002:10:37
some year let's say the country became 802:10:43
whole trains went to receive coal02:10:45
this vitamin concentrate02:10:47
processed by yeast in different cities02:10:50
countries, suddenly in these unfortunate Kiryushas02:10:53
suddenly one fine night the whole city02:10:56
all the ambulances began to choke02:11:00
help02:11:01
the police are involved in general everything that drives02:11:03
government was sent by02:11:05
at home, to hospitals, and just to02:11:07
floor and even around the sign on02:11:11
arrange people in beds and provide them with02:11:13
urgent help because besides there02:11:15
common urticaria, all kinds of lacrimation02:11:18
and other nonsense real bronchial02:11:21
asthma started and people it continued02:11:23
for two weeks until02:11:25
stopped for that means as soon as02:11:28
the plant was stopped, everything stopped immediately02:11:30
and when factories like these were launched in02:11:34
Angarsk in Volgograd in several more02:11:36
cities the picture was repeated completely in02:11:38
what is the point when the resulting yeast02:11:42
reworked sequels regrinded02:11:44
here02:11:46
feed mass then the cell walls of these02:11:49
even microscopic so02:11:51
tiny that they went through everything02:11:54
installed filters flew out and hung02:11:56
above the city02:11:57
they turned out to be so allergenic02:12:00
counting chitin to all these protruding02:12:02
radicals and other differences that are immediately in02:12:07
grew up 30 times02:12:09
allergic population when well02:12:13
to the bottom where there is also a cool thing free02:12:16
yeast02:12:17
tried to start the plant there from 5 to02:12:20
15 percent power and straight away02:12:22
show off your full height, but little by little02:12:24
the same picture because it's already02:12:27
there was a relaunch and the population was already02:12:29
has been stabilized02:12:31
and even tiny portions of this one in02:12:35
what's the thrill of it is that these are these02:12:37
tiny walls should just like02:12:39
and Aspergillus spores flying over landfills02:12:42
just like those disputes that02:12:44
moldy walls of houses or attics02:12:47
or the ceilings rise towards us and02:12:49
they go down they don't care about the laws02:12:51
gravity they don't settle they're so02:12:54
lungs that the slightest currents of air02:12:56
constantly supports this aerosol02:12:59
in which we live is such dust and02:13:01
it's called don't sit assembling that is02:13:03
not settling and this is how it happens02:13:06
pig yes oh what an analogy I found02:13:09
please praise me unexpected02:13:11
taxes that's how much we eat these same02:13:15
there are always so many of them every shift02:13:18
antigens settles on us and never02:13:20
are displayed and therefore how many sports02:13:22
literally thrown away in landfills day after day02:13:25
day from year to year to of all others02:13:27
sources02:13:28
this all hangs in the air and continues02:13:30
accumulate get rid of it02:13:32
almost impossible so oh well02:13:37
this means we have reached the endemic02:13:41
contagious diseases that02:13:44
distributed mainly in the northern and02:13:47
in central america it is histoplasmosis02:13:51
blastomycosis is a very interesting phenomenon02:13:54
such mushrooms are called de mo rf us02:13:57
again on and begin to be called because02:13:59
they can live in two forms as02:14:02
mycelium and in the form of yeast mainly people02:14:07
become infected with them either at the time of cleaning02:14:11
harvest or tillage and spores fly02:14:14
or stumps of mycelium Elliott them02:14:17
carriers which are birds and02:14:20
bats therefore including this02:14:23
disease these diseases are called02:14:25
speleologists diseases cave diseases yes02:14:28
there from the cave with bats and here02:14:30
Is it she herself or attic disease well02:14:34
it’s clear that there are birds and bats on02:14:36
people live in attics traditionally, what's the joke02:14:39
these endemic diseases are jokes in02:14:42
that in those places where they02:14:45
distributed by them one way or another02:14:50
manages to get over about 9002:14:53
percent of the population they do it in02:14:56
at a young age there 5 80 years old endures it02:15:00
in an extremely mild form and there except02:15:03
easy yet not there here at night it02:15:05
flew in sprouted immunity for life02:15:08
received everything in order means we argued02:15:11
fragments of mycelium entering the lungs02:15:13
grow to form a small mycelium02:15:16
colony but after that it means they have02:15:19
there are stress thermo proteins and under02:15:22
exposure to 37 degrees these cells02:15:25
disintegrate into yeast and then form02:15:27
yeast if you give them this02:15:29
opportunity they start who weeks here02:15:31
our body if any the list02:15:35
comes to the Mississippi or Ohio area and02:15:39
and in childhood he naturally02:15:42
did not get any cryptococcosis02:15:45
Gestapo perhaps then all over again02:15:48
happens according to the standard scenario but02:15:50
because he has no developed02:15:52
stability then everything happens as02:15:54
usually before the measured one is captured first02:15:57
the circulatory system is then affected02:15:59
brain bone tissue then all this this02:16:01
this is the last stage and then all this02:16:04
rashes on the skin and in the case of European02:16:07
tourist probability of death is 8002:16:10
percent so yes here we are02:16:14
blastomycosis is also quite pleasant02:16:17
the thing is also in the last stage, so if02:16:22
you are traveling in areas with endemic mycoses then02:16:24
the first thing you must do is02:16:26
this vaccination02:16:27
another thing is that in our time02:16:29
vaccine effectiveness is02:16:31
approximately 50 percent therefore before02:16:34
How but it's still better than nothing, you know02:16:37
you see, that's why it's such a thing02:16:40
it also happens, but fortunately02:16:44
It's not very common among us02:16:46
this is what I told you about, whatever it is02:16:50
amazing nowadays in St. Petersburg02:16:53
already management companies for residents02:16:56
won several lawsuits02:16:59
this is literally the last few years02:17:02
This was basically impossible before02:17:05
unfavorable housing stock there in the first place02:17:07
Naturally, children get sick because02:17:09
that when the house has walls like these and02:17:12
you insulted her tits02:17:13
pour out their arguments then 10 first02:17:18
as the least immunocompetent02:17:20
exposed to allergic and direct02:17:23
mushroom attack accordingly02:17:26
worsening school attendance before medication02:17:29
that is, there was a group of people02:17:31
who summed it all up and put it into02:17:34
form of a claim and the management companies were02:17:38
forced to repair repairs according to02:17:40
cause of actual damage02:17:42
health, yes, that is, it used to be in02:17:45
in principle impossible, also because02:17:46
that there were no relevant studies02:17:48
as in the case of barberry and wheat and not02:17:51
there was an existing evidence base here02:17:54
I want to show that this is complete crap02:17:57
look at this little bit of something there02:17:59
scratch here and immediately cover it up02:18:03
something from the clip on top again then02:18:05
it won't give anything at all02:18:09
need to really and removal found in order02:18:11
you need to effectively get rid of mushrooms02:18:14
first, check where the moisture is coming from and02:18:17
remove all possible sources and everything02:18:22
outer covering doesn't matter what it is02:18:24
plaster paint will peel off on02:18:26
process the maximum available depth02:18:29
all imaginable antiseptics, that is02:18:31
carry out a complete overhaul02:18:33
because these are the external ones02:18:35
decorative actions like here are beautiful02:18:37
shown they will not lead to any02:18:39
why and this is an air conditioner accordingly02:18:44
if you are an office worker and feel that02:18:46
you're starting to feel unwell02:18:48
him 2 in the morning and everyone too02:18:52
coughing fatigue pain in the eyes and02:18:54
so on so on this means that yours02:18:57
employers have stinted on the most02:18:59
modern devices and installed here02:19:01
this and this becomes like02:19:04
bread box with bread overgrown with mold02:19:06
the most aggressive spore spreader02:19:09
it's an allergy it's sprouting in you like02:19:12
they used to say in the old days miasma and canto de02:19:14
and in general02:19:16
Well, I can talk for a long time about this topic02:19:18
yes, but again, what we don’t have yet, but in02:19:22
in the Western world there are already satisfied02:19:24
claims for changing air conditioners, that's where it comes from02:19:28
this picture came out if you remember02:19:30
at the very beginning, by chance these comrades02:19:33
which on the one hand are victims on the other02:19:36
hand pests landfill workers and02:19:40
people transporting garbage you are all this02:19:43
scary yes it's just like that I don't know02:19:45
during the plague, walking with an infected carcass02:19:48
and so breaking off a piece from it02:19:50
scatter it along the city street here02:19:53
That's pretty much what he's doing here02:19:56
when the box is open, look guys02:19:59
yes, that's what's typical about them02:20:02
no cotton gauze bandages, that is02:20:04
they are already deeply unhappy people amazed02:20:06
everything you can be hit by, but with02:20:09
they roll these things around the city02:20:11
then they [ __ ] you anyhow02:20:13
anywhere and you and I continue to live02:20:15
in and smart in the cloud02:20:17
scientists terrible things moreover02:20:21
and this is again common in02:20:23
Western world in autumn and especially in winter02:20:27
need to be demanded from utilities02:20:29
cleaning the area more thoroughly because02:20:32
all theta accumulated over 8 winters02:20:35
liquid and semi-liquid mud02:20:36
when it dries and in the spring02:20:38
cracked form of dust means02:20:41
will begin with a fresh spring wind02:20:43
climb up a flight of stairs fly into02:20:46
open windows to settle on the window sills02:20:48
and on the walls this is all, respectively02:20:51
same Mika gene allergy02:20:53
mycoses followed by tuberculosis02:20:56
and so on and so on so yeah that's it02:21:00
yes, that's roughly what I'm talking about, let's do it02:21:03
let's see about02:21:04
That's where the pictures ended, now02:21:06
let me summarize what to do02:21:10
so that we can effectively02:21:13
to avoid02:21:15
more or less fungal diseases but02:21:18
sad as it is and although I am02:21:21
a categorical opponent of this phenomenon02:21:23
this is healthy life this is healthy life healthy life again for so long02:21:27
healthy lifestyle and self-care02:21:29
in absolute him on competent02:21:31
the state may allow us either way or02:21:34
otherwise02:21:35
avoid fungal diseases without02:21:39
superficial ones which are not as dangerous as02:21:41
this is what we found out, namely optional02:21:45
deep deadly mycoses02:21:47
which could fall on us if we02:21:50
we will not follow basic rules02:21:52
a healthy lifestyle means that02:21:54
applies to all lichens and so on and so forth02:21:58
when using02:22:01
public transport to we do not02:22:03
lean against the headrest when02:22:06
visiting saunas, swimming pools and beaches02:22:10
we only use our own shoes02:22:12
if we rent any02:22:14
skates up or something that requires02:22:16
rental there and of course we use it02:22:19
disposable socks which after that02:22:21
we mercilessly throw it away if it’s in our house02:22:24
there lives a person who somehow02:22:26
I caught a fungus, yes according to statistics02:22:29
60 percent of infections come from02:22:32
relatives living together02:22:34
cis is completely natural then before it02:22:37
complete extraction this poor fellow must02:22:39
be more or less isolated02:22:42
opportunity to live in your own room02:22:44
his clothes shouldn't just be washed02:22:47
wash separately and with cookies and02:22:49
disinfectants and so on02:22:52
and so on, no common combs really02:22:55
especially since there are shoes and slippers of clothing02:22:57
towels and other things, that is02:22:59
everything they may find themselves on02:23:01
skin flakes that can lead us02:23:04
everything they contain if we02:23:06
we find ourselves in nature02:23:07
you arrived at the dacha, yes that means02:23:10
it starts, so you take a vacuum cleaner and02:23:14
you start kicking dust around the corners of the house02:23:16
I'm raising all the arguments with this tobacco02:23:19
which accumulated over the winter then begin02:23:21
hang carpets on all these02:23:23
the ropes will start with these like these things02:23:25
called which freken side end02:23:27
I was catching up and this is where it begins02:23:29
knocking you out just sinking in02:23:32
this is an aerosol cloud with spores you02:23:34
not whole and aspergers02:23:35
then you start digging the ground to the heights02:23:40
sticking the shovel deep and high02:23:42
throws up beautiful fertile02:23:45
adding soil adding to yourself yes these02:23:48
here are the most02:23:49
scraps of mycelium spores you are not doing this02:23:51
just so you do it without gloves02:23:53
naturally yes and ebay without bandages up to02:23:56
inhaling deeply and02:23:59
enjoying all this delight of ours02:24:01
Then02:24:02
because you want the earth to be02:24:04
just good for your plants02:24:06
bottom like fluff you start naked02:24:09
knead these lumps with your hands02:24:11
that's why it's pleasant no matter what you have02:24:13
the skin will crack and everything will be stuffed in there02:24:16
this earth is about to fall off under your fingernails02:24:18
so it’s just a whole zoo there02:24:20
or rather flags02:24:21
yes all this is in captivity but that’s not all02:24:25
you know this, our land near Moscow, yes02:24:28
if you don't stuff manure in, then she's nothing02:24:31
will give and that's why these signs begin02:24:34
throw it on the cart with a pitchfork in a wheelbarrow and there you go02:24:37
these cars are driven cheerfully and fall out02:24:40
that's what's flying at you and the conclusion02:24:42
just spit it out for nothing02:24:44
task you don't have a task to really im02:24:47
in place it just turns out that way02:24:50
it means, well, or I fly, then it starts02:24:53
burning last year's leaves02:24:55
will be returned, that is, throughout02:24:58
about a week, a freshly arrived summer resident02:25:01
usually burn yourself and your family02:25:04
slave labor is attracted, it is pleasant02:25:07
here it all is in colossal02:25:10
aerosol dispute to you emotional02:25:13
are in the cloud, so what after that?02:25:15
it comes clear then some02:25:16
allergies like malaise and what kind02:25:19
children cold symptoms that do not02:25:21
are treated with no means at all02:25:22
because it's unclear where they came from02:25:25
and so on and so on well I see yes02:25:27
what should I do from everything that I02:25:29
listed02:25:31
that means the children are running to02:25:33
neighbors stroking kittens persistently02:25:36
so it's scary our memory is what's in the country02:25:39
this is the scariest place in terms of02:25:42
the potential for getting mycoses is worse02:25:44
nothing can be imagined in the dacha02:25:46
to get a threat comparable in02:25:49
when visiting a dacha you need to go to those places where02:25:52
homeless people traditionally live under some02:25:55
heating mains and where the guys from02:25:57
disadvantaged republic spends the night there and02:26:00
rub there and all sorts of walls lie there02:26:03
those places where they live without any02:26:05
jokes that is, accordingly02:26:08
strict personal hygiene02:26:11
tracking children and themselves during02:26:13
communication02:26:14
with pets included02:26:16
your own if you let the cat go02:26:18
free range everything or euthanasia or already02:26:22
further, well, no, it’s really dangerous for everyone02:26:28
Well, I can go on and on but02:26:31
I think globally you get the idea02:26:33
that means the mushrooms will still defeat us we we02:26:36
are still very young and they don’t come to us02:26:39
got used to it now it's just happening02:26:41
here are all the mushrooms that have not been with us for a long time02:26:43
we don't touch the pump, we just do it02:26:45
slightly ugly02:26:46
and here are the mushrooms that are us now02:26:48
are actively learning they do not yet know how to02:26:51
you are friends with the same syphilis in the 18th century02:26:55
killed a man in two months and now02:26:58
it all can go down the drain then treat it02:27:00
there is a pathogen it adapts to02:27:02
to its owner there is an active02:27:05
evolution, what are we doing with these mushrooms?02:27:07
kitan 50 years old a little more we deal in02:27:10
In general, wait a few more generations02:27:12
and I think that maybe at least partly02:27:14
in some cases the situation02:27:16
things will get better if you still have strength and02:27:18
temporary questions listen yes of course02:27:31
to patrol with a shout to them02:27:44
great question because why is it like this02:27:50
the fight is still ineffective02:27:53
drug on I'll say the fight against02:27:56
mushrooms, but there are no problems with bacteria02:27:59
damn kicked antibiotics there are no bacteria well02:28:02
unless of course it's not successful by chance02:28:04
a strain that has already achieved this02:28:06
antibiotic to adapt in case02:28:08
mushrooms all drugs that are aimed02:28:11
against them unfortunately more or less in02:28:14
they act against us to the same extent02:28:17
because unlike bacteria which02:28:19
prokaryotes do not contain a nucleus and nothing at all02:28:23
other mushrooms like us and ukkari here and02:28:25
all the damaging substances that will come out02:28:28
are produced against eukaryotic02:28:31
fungal cells02:28:32
they are almost as effective02:28:35
That's why they affect us too02:28:37
systemic antifungal drugs up to02:28:39
Antibiotics are used only in extreme cases02:28:42
case for a person until when it is already02:28:45
really connected with the threat is not just02:28:48
health from life therefore antifungal02:28:51
drugs like you are looking for02:28:57
blocks chitin synthesis02:29:01
antibiotics are not only and there are antibiotics02:29:06
the most important direction that02:29:08
directional blocking, that's the point02:29:13
what's important02:29:15
direction against cesspool drugs02:29:18
and why it works effectively for02:29:19
animals, yes, because you don’t feel sorry for them02:29:23
in the case of people, well, I don’t feel so sorry for them here either02:29:26
yes it is effective but it comes with02:29:28
very serious system fees and02:29:29
because the main target is still02:29:33
as as as in the case of antibacterial02:29:35
drugs are the synthesis of DNA and RNA from an essay02:29:39
and protein biosynthesis02:29:41
selective influence on chitin but02:29:44
I honestly don't even think that it is02:29:47
can seriously affect the success02:29:50
treatment natural natural fungicides02:29:55
they are ineffective in our case02:30:01
because they are usually produced02:30:05
closely related mushroom headquarters02:30:07
against a friend, well, not very successful02:30:09
example but here's how Fleming discovered his02:30:12
antibacterial drug yes here it is02:30:15
engine colony classic example02:30:16
grow towards each other collide02:30:19
and a line appears between them, here they are02:30:21
they begin to extinguish each other, that is, no02:30:25
It makes no sense to use it in the grand scheme of things02:30:27
because what will work for some02:30:31
Well, let's say there's one colony of this fungus02:30:33
a knot won't necessarily work for another02:30:35
plus resistance to fungi02:30:38
a natural fungicide occurs like this02:30:40
quickly here is a classic example02:30:42
there is a constant war between here02:30:45
deaf mushrooms you know these are records02:30:48
the records are completely overgrown as02:30:50
their prostrate and saffron milk caps before or at the flywheels02:30:53
very often white yellow-orange02:30:56
all sorts of things, this is an example of a continuous02:30:58
multi-stage evolutionary race these02:31:02
marsupial parasites crawl onto mushrooms and02:31:05
start eating them on that02:31:06
a new generation is being developed02:31:08
these fungicides produce anti02:31:10
fungicides are, well, that is, there’s nothing here02:31:13
catch unfortunately, that is, yes without02:31:26
raise and no, honestly, well, at all02:31:35
biologically active substances of plants02:31:38
extremely varied and there from02:31:40
simple bitterness in the end, giving it away all sorts of things02:31:42
plant poisons traditionally02:31:43
used to treat cancer in all02:31:46
its forms and sometimes even partly02:31:48
successfully, here I go again, woe, I’m not a doctor02:31:52
I can't imagine what what what02:31:55
exactly does I don't even remember what you are02:31:58
they said, like yes no no02:32:02
I imagine I know for sure that02:32:06
modern medicines02:32:07
well, it’s from the classic, well, something like02:32:10
harry calls ulvi need where to use02:32:12
sulfur compound something else until new02:32:16
cool anti my bones02:32:18
extraction is certainly possible it can02:32:20
take different times from several02:32:22
months to maybe even several02:32:25
years before but that's for sure02:32:29
the trouble that can happen is02:32:31
which in about half the cases02:32:33
relapses occur02:32:34
after some time because everything02:32:36
your skin is already prepared for02:32:38
taking a mushroom that you got rid of but02:32:40
anyway, unfortunately anyway02:32:42
you can cure it a second and third time02:32:44
Of course, the less often this happens02:32:46
the better, but it’s not 100%02:32:50
the drug with which this is done once and02:32:52
forever, not including surgical02:32:55
laser nail removal or something02:32:58
there are no varnishes like this yet02:33:00
ointments Denmark plaster and these for now02:33:03
one hundred percent02:33:04
there is no treatment02:33:09
that's even good02:33:16
such black [ __ ], well, basically02:33:23
the simplest folk methods yes it is there02:33:25
like vinegar or something but it's02:33:27
of course it doesn't help it's useless02:33:30
means the deepest recess02:33:34
preferably repairs nothing more02:33:36
and02:33:37
the bathtub needs to be taken out and everything treated02:33:40
its edges, respectively, the wall where the whole02:33:42
It is also advisable to change the recess around it02:33:44
all the tiles because we don’t see but02:33:46
under these seams and behind this mask02:33:48
black thing marsupial my name is no02:33:51
it spreads very effectively and here it is02:33:55
like rust in the pine trees outside you can02:33:57
do anything but in the center02:33:58
trunk she will sit and wait for her02:34:00
hours here are absolutely the same stories02:34:03
extremely difficult thing to deduce02:34:05
so practically no because she02:34:10
takes more or less shape02:34:11
existence of lichen, that is, such02:34:14
flat pressed very slowly02:34:16
spreading dense compact02:34:18
the vaporization process there is almost02:34:20
no therefore well yes that’s how it is in their case02:34:23
lishaev, even though you're a bad omen02:34:26
show yourself this is something02:34:29
aesthetic violation even snow-white02:34:31
kwanno there with all the glitter and02:34:33
other differences but in general for02:34:35
health and especially for life02:34:38
does not pose any threat why ours02:34:50
the immune system does not produce02:34:53
antibodies02:34:56
I do, it means the thing is that antibodies and02:35:02
how how the immune system works02:35:05
she can develop some conditional02:35:08
antigens to neutralize some02:35:11
substances or very small fragments02:35:13
that is, in any case it is aimed02:35:16
against something very small or02:35:17
molecules or, let’s say, individual ones02:35:21
bacteria fungus when we get in02:35:24
healthy living organism when02:35:28
dispute grows02:35:29
arguing and carrying around so arguing when he's just02:35:32
pushes skin cells apart and begins02:35:34
penetrate deeply and at this level02:35:36
the immune system kicks in and it02:35:38
works continuously and that's all these02:35:40
here are antibodies and others, they are software in02:35:43
we are being developed02:35:44
because this is all the skin that happens02:35:46
and that’s all the dying mucous membranes02:35:49
result of work02:35:50
successful functioning of our immune system02:35:52
but when the mushroom breaks through and02:35:54
already looks healthy02:35:57
big yes but just not bearing fruit02:35:59
Donbass is such a colossal tomb02:36:02
the immune system can no longer02:36:04
cope also because if02:36:07
if it worked well she wouldn't have it02:36:09
I missed it and would have removed it at the level02:36:11
growing up controversy02:36:12
if it is inside and it is actively developing02:36:15
and that means our immune system02:36:16
initially was not able02:36:18
Here's how to deal with this threat02:36:21
would be proof by contradiction02:36:22
yes, speaking in the language of mathematics02:36:31
thrush no thrush always happens02:36:34
only in the form here, only in the form of yeast02:36:39
like everything it amazes me, I don’t even know how02:36:44
answer effectively, look here02:36:51
what is this all white coating?02:36:53
it's just a lot of these here02:36:55
cells single-celled yeast up to the genus candida02:36:58
white thrush who will come and pester you02:37:01
a large colony, there are a lot of them, they are nearby02:37:03
they continue to multiply and this02:37:05
they cover with film all available to them02:37:07
surface that is from not that02:37:09
some kind of mycelium is spreading, yes it is02:37:11
there are many individual cells of yeast here02:37:14
which I told you there is histoplasmosis and02:37:16
blastomycosis02:37:17
they begin to develop as myceliums and02:37:20
further disintegrate into individual yeasts and02:37:22
multiply like a road case of candida02:37:24
no matter what kind of dense thick films then in02:37:27
no matter where it formed it02:37:29
doesn't matter02:37:30
a colossal grouping of individuals02:37:32
independent cells not mycelium02:37:42
maybe yes of course I do that02:37:45
each of us for the time being02:37:49
who's lucky it's a couple and time lasts until02:37:51
the most prosperous death candida lives02:37:55
In general, we have quite an allied02:37:58
mushroom the main role for us which02:38:01
is to hold back02:38:03
other more dangerous pathogens are given02:38:05
Slegontsa eats us up and, for example, with his hands02:38:08
there is excellent protection here, yes if the lymphocyte02:38:11
protective cell immune yes ours02:38:14
the immune system eats candida it does not02:38:16
can digest it because02:38:18
polysaccharides02:38:19
shells tremble this they are designed this way02:38:23
way that he hangs her, that is, in02:38:26
in the end william doc no and she02:38:27
is he freed or does he reject her back?02:38:30
because he can't digest it02:38:32
condition preservatives are just food for02:38:45
mushrooms are just like lignin02:38:47
cellulose02:38:48
no matter antibiotics preservatives plastic02:38:52
up composite material mushrooms due02:38:55
its colossal rich enzyme02:38:58
systems learned to digest huge02:39:01
amount of organic matter and02:39:04
organic preservatives and or fabrics02:39:09
which are treated with preservatives02:39:11
I don't know the biochemistry of this process02:39:13
oh well, the fabrics that were subjected to02:39:15
the effects of preservatives and how are you02:39:17
changed their structure I'm not a biochemist I'm02:39:19
mycologist does not matter means based on02:39:25
from the articles that I have read completely02:39:28
it’s not important, it means you’re all sorts of things02:39:30
there are benzene milks and so on02:39:33
organic acids are easy for mushrooms02:39:35
just on the way but02:39:38
preservatives and inorganic influence02:39:41
in the same way for susceptibility to fungi02:39:45
it's just beyond what I'm into02:39:47
able to explain so I can say02:39:49
this is a scientific factDescription:
Сериал Царство Грибов в приложении Моя Планета, в Google Play... https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ru.imult.planet Лекция о гриба миколога миколога Михаила Вишневского, одна из цикла лекций в Аптекарском огороде, Москва, 2018
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