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00:00:04
Hello, good
00:00:07
evening, this is a
00:00:09
lesson for the history course of the Faith in Spain on the
00:00:12
Academy of
00:00:13
Judaism channel and today we continue
00:00:16
to talk about the Rabbi Shmoo
00:00:20
Guide last time
00:00:23
we took enough of the lesson to
00:00:26
list all its advantages, all its
00:00:28
talents, of course we did
00:00:32
n’t list everything, we missed something, uh
00:00:36
and began to talk about his career. But
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today we
00:00:42
will give in more detail examples of these
00:00:45
manifestations of his talents, his achievements, and
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we will tell about his political career, the
00:00:52
various adventures that happened to him,
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of course, we are what we will
00:00:58
tell today. This is just maybe
00:01:00
probably I don’t know a few
00:01:03
percent of this huge
00:01:05
material that exists about this
00:01:07
incredible
00:01:08
person, and I think,
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and in general, I’ll tell you everyone I have
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n’t heard. Whoever talks about this
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person,
00:01:19
people always say the following sentence, and
00:01:22
therefore I won’t be an exception either. I’ll say
00:01:26
So if, for example, in Hollywood or where you are,
00:01:30
where they make films, so to speak,
00:01:35
series, serials, if they
00:01:38
found out about this person, his biography,
00:01:41
then I think there’s no need to even write here, in
00:01:43
general, to invent something, everything here is
00:01:48
incredible an exciting
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adventure series
00:01:53
and we would get great pleasure,
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it’s just those events that are
00:01:59
simply
00:02:01
incredible, as it were, When you read about them,
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that is, it’s hard to believe if this
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actually
00:02:06
happened, so we stopped at the
00:02:08
last lesson about how in that place like
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Rabbi Shmul becomes Vizier
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Vizier of Granada from the King of
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House As you can
00:02:21
imagine, many Muslims did
00:02:24
not like this very much, especially
00:02:27
since As We have already said that it
00:02:31
was very important for Muslims,
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the fact that Jews do not occupy a position
00:02:37
higher than Muslims is very important because it
00:02:41
contradicts their Faith and so on, and
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therefore when this happened,
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many Arabs were Arabs.
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They were the ones who resisted.
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Now we will analyze this in more detail, but
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since in Granada those who ruled at that
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time were the Berbers. This is the
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Sinjar Ber tribe - these were people who,
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despite the fact that they were Muslims and
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so on, but for
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them, apparently, Islam was not the
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main thing in life, and these were
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primarily military people,
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they were mainly engaged in military
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campaigns and engaged in feasts, which, in
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principle, is also prohibited in
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Islam and many, let’s say, in the consequences
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of at least at least some spiritual
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leaders of Islam they looked at for them
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all these activities of these Berbers in
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Granada and so on. It was that is, as
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if they did not fit
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into the category of
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devout Muslims who should be
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equaled, it’s another matter when
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the Arabs ruled, if you remember Here in the Mayak
00:04:02
dynasty, that is, everything was much
00:04:04
more traditional there and therefore, despite the
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fact that Hada ibn Shaut he was one of the
00:04:09
most key people in the state at
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one time, nevertheless, he did not officially
00:04:17
hold a post similar to that that is,
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corresponding to his contribution to the politics
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of the country and so on, so now we are
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talking about a different time and therefore
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Shmuel
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Rabi Shmul he becomes a vizier
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and against this stands a man who
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is not in Granada at all, he
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is in the city of Almeria and he is the vizier of the
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king of Almeria Who was the king of
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Almeria his name was Zuhair and he was a sakli,
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that is, a Slav, a former former
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slave, or perhaps he, his ancestors would have been
00:04:59
slaves, and he was already, in general, a
00:05:02
military leader, and he was at that very moment
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when the Mayak caliphate collapsed. He was
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one of those who seized power in this
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city ​​of Almeria and and he had a vizier
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whose name was uh Abu Abbas uh this Abu
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Abbas
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uh he was a very, very talented man
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uh he
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was he was a poet he was
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[music] a
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great
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expert on Islam
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uh He was very rich he had a
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huge Rem
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and he said to himself that his Happiness, that
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is, it was like a mazal As they say in
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Hebrew, this is his lucky star
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when she looks at him She looks at
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him with both eyes and opening them wide, this is how he
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expressed it in one of
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his poems, this is one of his
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enemies are also a Muslim, he wrote
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epigrams on this, like, that one
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fine day your happiness
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will fall asleep and this Abu Abbas He began
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in every possible way to set up the king of Almeria
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Zugar, that how can this be, look, they say,
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what is happening in this in the neighboring
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kingdom of Granada, look what they are doing
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they put a Jew a Jew in the
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place of the Prime Minister, that is, the vizier.
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Well, this Zur, of course, he also, in principle,
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was not keen on it himself, as if to
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protest. Why Because, in
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principle, everything can be said, all these
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small states of which there were
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a lot It was approximately 28
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states on the territory of this
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former Andalusia, 28 states can you
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imagine what it is and that is,
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each of these states, in general, they
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dreamed that they would capture the
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entire territory of Andalusia and they would
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be the ones who, so to speak, would
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continue the Glory this Mayan
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dynasty, that is, the Mayaco of the Caliphate,
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they will be his successors, well, naturally,
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none of them
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succeeded.
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They were very easy on the ground in relation to
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military campaigns, and this is the voice from
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Almeria, he is sending
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protesters in our area like this
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the thing is to put a Jew as
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Prime Minister
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havus
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and that is, on the one hand, for Rash praying to
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Nagi as he himself writes in one of
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his poems, this is generally very
00:08:07
true because he, in general, he does not
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rely 100% on of course on
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their
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bosses, that is, this House and the entire
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royal family, because it is unknown
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how it all can end,
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especially when it really smells like something is
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fried, nevertheless,
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the havus did not let down Rabi Shmu’s legs Yes, but
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it happened So the havus VS will soon
00:08:40
die soon Now at the House there were two sons of
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precedent for the throne, the eldest was named
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Lugin Lugin, he was a famous
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military leader who glorified himself in many
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campaigns, but nevertheless, it was the youngest
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son Badi Suu
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Khavus who bequeathed that he would be
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his successor, this Badi with he was
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more
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uh from the point of view of politics He he was
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such a politically correct person, he had
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good relationships with many people, he was
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considered such a righteous, pious
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person, and I must say that the majority of the
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common
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people
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supported Badi, that is, that is exactly
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how they wanted
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Badi to be next king
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after that after House, but the
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nobility of Granada,
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including the Jewish nobility, too, that
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is,
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many big, so to speak,
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famous people of the city, they supported the
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eldest son of
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Lugin
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and and that’s
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when the chava from this Rhone died and
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so on, but the only one who
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supported
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this bass from the Palace It was Rabbi Shmoo Nagi
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and that is, such a very big one, that is,
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there was a lot of tension in the air, that
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is, couldn’t all this end in a
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fratricidal
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war, but a miracle happened, that is, at that
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moment when all these courtiers
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took the crown and carried it to
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Lugin then
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Lugin suddenly said that he in no
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way wanted to proceed through the will of
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his father and he took this crown and
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brought it to his brother Badi Suu and
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swore allegiance to him that
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he would serve him faithfully and truthfully
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and now bass he took this oath, he
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accepted his brother, the murderous war
00:11:07
did not happen, but many of the courtiers, including the
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Jewish Jewish nobility, this is the one
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I was talking about, they were forced to flee
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because they were afraid that there would be
00:11:27
reprisals, there was one person who
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would be interesting in the future, his name was
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Yosef Levi ibn
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hash This man Yusef Olivi ibn
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bigash he will have a
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nephew in the future whose name was also
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Yosef ibn hash and this Yosef This is the
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nephew of ibn hash
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he will be a great
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Rabbi in Spain a great sage and his
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rambam considers uh you can say his
00:12:04
spiritual father Although Despite the fact that
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he uh rambam saw him uh only
00:12:10
when he was very little and there are
00:12:11
those who say that he didn’t
00:12:13
have time to see him nevertheless he was this
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Iben Magash he was he was his father’s teacher
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rambam rambam uh but nevertheless rambam
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Here it’s about him that he’s writing with
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this kind of blessing, but then
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time will come about this, so
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all this nobles have run away. They’re fleeing to
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Seville. We’ll talk about Seville today.
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and who do you think in his
00:12:49
eyes is the most faithful person,
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naturally
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this is koto even at that moment when everyone is
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against this Badi, he is the only one who
00:13:01
remained faithful, of course this is not
00:13:03
forgotten,
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and at this very moment,
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letters from Almeria begin to arrive again
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Letters are coming from Almeria about
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what this Abu Abbas is writing, that how
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can this be, we demand immediately, that
00:13:23
is, the tone has already changed in these
00:13:27
letters, that is, they are already talking about
00:13:29
demands, that is, we demand
00:13:31
immediately that this Jew is not
00:13:34
turned away and that so to speak, so that
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they give it to us uh and then then That’s right,
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we are kings with you We exude peace with you
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we want But this Jew He is an
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obstacle between us
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uh Badi s he doesn’t agree to these provocations
00:13:52
either he’s not he’s trying Well he’s trying he
00:13:55
answers he answers and answers so
00:13:57
softly he answers like uh this is a
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Jew That is these are our
00:14:03
state affairs he Served for my
00:14:06
father He is a faithful man and so on and so on
00:14:09
and here they write to me that I can’t
00:14:12
hear someone can write if they can
00:14:15
hear me or not
00:14:26
audible like that One second I have to
00:14:30
check if I can be heard or not heard
00:14:32
I apologize if anyone if it’s
00:14:34
so
00:14:46
simple one two two two well
00:14:56
here I can’t hear
00:15:02
well I continue and
00:15:07
this one yes a year passes a year here in
00:15:10
this Here in In this tension,
00:15:14
Almeria, that is, is trying to say something to
00:15:17
Granada, and so
00:15:19
on, a year
00:15:22
and a
00:15:24
year passes. That is, around the anniversary, the moment of the
00:15:26
anniversary of death, the
00:15:30
bass receives, that is, people come running to Bas
00:15:35
and say that the Almeria troops
00:15:42
are near the city under the city
00:15:46
walls. That is, how how could they pass
00:15:50
how no one noticed that this is the Armed Forces,
00:15:54
which means naturally they
00:15:56
are sending envoys uh thank you very much
00:16:00
that someone wrote that the Sound is good
00:16:03
uh and so uh they
00:16:07
are sending envoys to
00:16:12
this very thing to this Camp of this these troops of
00:16:16
Almeria and there this Abu Abbas he says
00:16:20
that that is, in general, probably says
00:16:22
Zuga, this king of Almeria, who also
00:16:25
by the way appeared along with his vizier, but
00:16:28
the one who controls this whole situation there
00:16:30
is naturally Abu Abbas, who, in
00:16:32
principle, why did he start all this, he
00:16:34
believes that he should
00:16:38
rule, he is an Arab
00:16:41
he is well-born,
00:16:44
all this Zur with all his people, that
00:16:48
is, a nonentity because he is some kind of
00:16:50
former slave or from a family of slaves. Absolute
00:16:55
nonsense. That’s why, in
00:16:57
principle, this uh this Zuy will sooner or
00:17:01
later lay down his head, so to speak, and
00:17:04
and that’s why he he kind of develops
00:17:07
this whole conflict and and
00:17:09
uh he says that is they say Zur or apas
00:17:13
they say that we came uh to the grave of
00:17:17
our friend House we came to remember we
00:17:21
weren’t at the funeral But we came now just
00:17:23
like that on the anniversary of his death
00:17:25
we came to him here uh uh so to speak To
00:17:28
the grave
00:17:30
a It’s boring so we brought
00:17:33
this small army with us But in principle
00:17:36
we would like to find out the question are
00:17:38
you going to give us this Jew
00:17:40
or
00:17:42
not and we are already starting to talk not
00:17:45
only about the Jew, that is, about the rabbi shmoo or is it
00:17:49
starting to talk about
00:17:51
all the Jews of Granada in general, that is, they are already
00:17:53
starting to talk about the fact that it is necessary to
00:17:55
hand over all the Jews to them so that they deal with them,
00:17:57
so to speak, according to the laws of
00:17:59
war, and so on,
00:18:03
and Badi, together with
00:18:09
Luginov, including with Rabbi Helmet, they all
00:18:13
go to the
00:18:14
camp of this Zur and Abu Abbas to
00:18:19
try to come to an agreement, and when this Abu
00:18:22
Abbas he sees the Shma, he is furious in general that
00:18:25
how they brought him here, that is, he understands
00:18:30
that they are not listening to his words
00:18:33
and in the end they
00:18:36
declare that that is, they give such a
00:18:39
hint that there will be a
00:18:40
War, and the war they are talking about,
00:18:44
that is, they say that there will be a War, not
00:18:46
just a war, but they are already there there is
00:18:50
correspondence with five more of these
00:18:53
Taif states so that they all
00:18:56
attack simultaneously together and
00:18:59
simultaneously attack
00:19:02
Granada and Abu Abbas already declares a
00:19:06
big such a serious threat, he says
00:19:08
that if this Jew is not betrayed to us and
00:19:11
all the other Jews as well And we will already
00:19:14
decide what to do with them then
00:19:17
the end will come to Granada, that is, from all five
00:19:19
states there will be no chance of attacking it
00:19:27
and they are holding a council and at the Council the
00:19:35
idea is proposed that
00:19:37
now they will go, that is, these are
00:19:40
Amiri’s troops, they are They are not supposedly going to
00:19:42
attack now at this moment They just
00:19:45
brought, that is, they came here to
00:19:46
show their intentions, their strength,
00:19:49
so to speak, that they are not they are afraid of
00:19:53
Granada and they will return they will
00:19:57
return there are two
00:19:59
roads there is one short road there is a
00:20:01
long road and a short road
00:20:04
- this is the road that goes through the mountains and
00:20:08
there is one that goes through a narrow
00:20:10
narrow passage in
00:20:13
which there is a
00:20:16
source and this place is called Alfo
00:20:20
afen is the
00:20:23
source
00:20:25
and this is One way the second way is a
00:20:29
long way there bypassing and so
00:20:34
yes they think that that is now I do
00:20:37
n’t remember why because of the weather conditions they
00:20:40
say that allegedly that Zur apas they will
00:20:42
most likely take the short one the path
00:20:44
is right there in the garden and when the
00:20:48
troops of this Almeria arrive there, they
00:20:51
just need to
00:20:53
be killed there and everyone already decides that this is how it
00:20:57
will be, that this must be done, but
00:21:00
uh but but Abu Abbas,
00:21:04
uh, he, that is, not or Badi with he,
00:21:08
uh, sends a man secretly to
00:21:14
he informed this Zohar and Abu
00:21:19
Abas about the plans, uh, about the plans for the grenade, that
00:21:22
is, on the one hand, he himself approves these plans,
00:21:24
and on the other hand, he is talking about this,
00:21:26
he is a person to send there
00:21:28
Why Because, in principle, he is not at all
00:21:32
sure that this will happen
00:21:36
to carry out such an operation and so
00:21:41
he He decides that is, just in case
00:21:45
it is a failure so that at
00:21:48
least Why does Paul have a relationship
00:21:50
so
00:21:53
what comes
00:21:57
says
00:21:58
that such an ambush is being prepared but Zooey and Abu
00:22:03
Abbas
00:22:05
They they They are so confident in themselves that
00:22:08
they say okay we are now let's go there
00:22:10
and we'll meet the troops there and
00:22:13
we, that is, so to speak, and we'll figure it out,
00:22:18
we'll figure it out, we'll kill them, or maybe they'll
00:22:20
even come over to our
00:22:22
side, it was hard for them to believe because
00:22:25
even we're talking
00:22:30
about
00:22:31
[music]
00:22:33
that the inhabitants of Granada They in fact,
00:22:37
Rabbi
00:22:38
Shmuel is faithful and therefore they had such an idea that the
00:22:42
fact that Rabbi Shmuel he is a vizier is
00:22:46
actually some kind of
00:22:49
completely unreal phenomenon, that is, this is something that
00:22:59
moves and so with such complete confidence
00:23:02
they come to this place Alf and there
00:23:05
already an ambush is being prepared
00:23:08
and the troops are coming out, that is, one
00:23:12
of the
00:23:14
troops of Rabbi Shmoo is coming out and shouting to them that we don’t
00:23:18
want war. Let’s do this.
00:23:20
You can’t get through here and then
00:23:23
they say no, why are we accepting the fight? We are starting
00:23:25
now. The fight begins. The
00:23:30
fight begins with arrows. it starts with
00:23:33
stones and I must say
00:23:36
that the majority, that is, the
00:23:40
majority of these horsemen of Eymeria,
00:23:44
they fall under this blow of the Arrows of stones
00:23:48
and many of them simply fly into the abyss,
00:23:50
quite unexpectedly,
00:23:52
victory comes so easily Victory also
00:23:55
flies into the abyss itself this king,
00:24:00
everyone else begins to
00:24:03
run away Abu Abas himself, he is captured, he is
00:24:08
captured, he is led back already
00:24:11
tied up and this happens in the month of Lul
00:24:15
this is the month before
00:24:18
Roshan and
00:24:22
Rasht
00:24:26
that Abu Abas is in prison in
00:24:29
Granada but nevertheless he understands that the
00:24:31
man is very rich and he can
00:24:34
bribe Badi, and that is, this
00:24:37
can happen at any moment if he is released
00:24:40
or if, so to speak, they give power into his
00:24:43
hands, he brings all his Evil to the Jews on the
00:24:46
Rabbi Shmoo in particular, and so the Rabbi
00:24:51
Shmoo passes Rosha in these disturbing
00:24:53
thoughts
00:24:56
Rosha su cat and only on the very last
00:24:59
day of the Suko holiday the
00:25:01
following happens that this
00:25:05
is Jafar, that is, Abu Abas
00:25:07
is in
00:25:10
this dungeon and Badi comes there to
00:25:13
visit him with his brother Lugin and
00:25:18
there this is the vizier of Almeria he makes
00:25:22
an offer that was simply
00:25:24
very difficult to refuse huge Degi
00:25:26
says let me go I’ll
00:25:29
give you a ransom right away, that’s just a huge
00:25:32
amount and the bass starts to hesitate and at
00:25:35
that moment he starts to hesitate Lugin
00:25:37
jumps
00:25:38
out and grabs a spear from the guard who is
00:25:41
standing at the door and runs back into the camera
00:25:44
and sticks it into this vizier and he
00:25:47
dies, that is, like this and this
00:25:50
and this news is carried by Rabbi Shemo on the day of
00:25:56
Simcha and You understand, he had
00:25:58
great joy at that moment
00:26:00
and he writes
00:26:03
a poem then which has 150
00:26:08
lines and he asks that this
00:26:10
poem of his be read in
00:26:12
synagogues as a bread song. Because it’s
00:26:16
as if he believes that this is salvation not
00:26:18
only for him personally, but for the
00:26:20
salvation of all the Jews of Granada, and that’s why he
00:26:22
calls this day, that is, it is Purim of
00:26:26
Granada, that is, Haman is bribery
00:26:30
that he is trying to bribe the
00:26:34
king But this time it turned out that the
00:26:37
king is incorruptible at least This one
00:26:39
was incorruptible in this regard and
00:26:42
uh everything ended very well now E I
00:26:47
must say that this is the story Yes,
00:26:49
it was not the only one that is,
00:26:51
there was always something like this, I’ll
00:26:53
just tell you the short ones, the
00:26:55
rest I won’t go into such
00:26:57
big details. That is, for example, there
00:26:59
this is Seville, it was a kingdom
00:27:02
in the east of
00:27:03
Spain in the west of Spain, Seville was in the
00:27:06
west of Spain and
00:27:08
ruled there an Arab who His father was
00:27:15
Qadi and
00:27:18
his name was Abu mu TAD, in my opinion something
00:27:21
like that and this That is, this is a
00:27:26
family son, that is, they also believed that
00:27:29
they should because, again, they are
00:27:31
Arabs They are clans and they should rule all of
00:27:35
Andalusia and the main Seville's rival
00:27:39
was Granada because Granada And it was
00:27:42
precisely thanks to the actions thanks to the
00:27:43
campaigns of the policies of the Rabbis
00:27:49
Shmulyaev that a
00:27:51
very
00:27:53
small state and she, that is,
00:27:56
grabbed for herself, that is, huge
00:27:58
territories, subjugated many of these kingdoms
00:28:01
and so on. And so Seville is
00:28:04
also a very large
00:28:08
state located in the west and they are
00:28:10
constantly trying, that is, these are
00:28:13
some military campaigns directly
00:28:16
against the Grand, or trying to
00:28:18
seize something from one of the states that
00:28:20
begins to pay tribute, that is, becomes
00:28:24
subordinate to
00:28:26
Granada, there is a political struggle more than once,
00:28:30
this Badi with, together with Robish Mole, they
00:28:33
themselves come out military campaigns are going on,
00:28:37
there was even such a situation that uh there was a
00:28:40
sudden attack by troops from these
00:28:45
uh Seville uh and in one of these
00:28:49
sudden attacks Rabbi Shmuel he writes
00:28:52
Poems, that is, just imagine Yes, he’s
00:28:54
like this
00:28:55
chief of the general staff and then the
00:28:58
battle begins and A he hasn’t yet prayed the
00:29:02
daily prayer. That is, he didn’t have time to
00:29:04
pray to Mikha and he,
00:29:07
uh, he can’t go pray now,
00:29:10
so he writes such a quick poem,
00:29:13
a poem, that is, apparently it was
00:29:15
something very, very
00:29:17
short-lived for him and what is it like would be considered That
00:29:19
is, it's like it's his like a
00:29:21
short prayer like this it sounds like this is a
00:29:24
translation of shloma krol in misfortune look at me
00:29:28
look at your ear to my prayer incline
00:29:31
not with the pores of my hopes your word to me
00:29:34
pony If the hand of the Enemy is extended to
00:29:48
blacken me lights remember We talked
00:29:51
about the fact that he had a vision that
00:29:53
Angels appeared to him who said or an
00:29:56
angel who said that
00:29:58
you too will pass through the water and nothing
00:30:02
will happen through the lights nothing will happen
00:30:05
and this vision seems to
00:30:08
follow him all his life that I am your slave
00:30:11
and that they That is, he is hinting at the fact that
00:30:14
Despite the fact that And I missed
00:30:18
the line if there are sins on me that
00:30:22
I am your slave and that they That is, he is also here,
00:30:26
apparently
00:30:27
this is this is the concept in Judaism about
00:30:31
that that Despite the fact that the Jewish
00:30:32
people they may be nada Completely unclean
00:30:36
how to say sin but but nevertheless the
00:30:38
Jewish people they are sons that is the sons of
00:30:42
the Most High and therefore E E as
00:30:45
in times that is as it is written in the Torah
00:30:49
that when the Jewish people they He created the
00:30:51
golden calf and the Almighty wanted to
00:30:54
destroy the Jewish people and then
00:30:58
Sheran went and He broke the tablets of the Covenant,
00:31:02
thus he wanted to say that, like, the
00:31:04
Torah is for the Jewish people and therefore it is
00:31:08
impossible to destroy the Jewish people on the basis of the Torah
00:31:10
because the Jewish people
00:31:13
put it higher than the
00:31:15
Torah and so on There are also a few
00:31:18
lines there and it is written: Cover me in
00:31:20
your blue, fulfill what I strive for,
00:31:23
do not
00:31:26
accept it, and for teaching. Save Yes, by this
00:31:29
time Rabbi Shmoo has a son, Yosef,
00:31:32
with whom he often corresponds, including
00:31:35
ongoing correspondence at the time of these
00:31:39
military campaigns isf he, being a boy, was
00:31:42
so inquisitive, he was very eager at times to
00:31:45
also take part in these military
00:31:46
approaches and once they even tried to
00:31:48
take him, but there the situation became more complicated and Rabbi
00:31:51
Shmul sent him back
00:31:53
and there is correspondence that has been preserved
00:31:57
to this day, that is, there uh about how
00:31:59
Yosef he
00:32:01
sends to his father
00:32:04
uh
00:32:05
his well how Yes his experiments in
00:32:09
versification and also some of his experiences
00:32:12
in Arabic
00:32:14
uh and in Arabic versification and Rabbi
00:32:19
Shmul he sends him his answer and there
00:32:22
is also a case when Rabbi Shmuel he
00:32:24
writes a letter when he says that
00:32:26
now I was sharply attacked and and now I’m
00:32:29
not sure that I will come out alive of the situation and I’m
00:32:35
writing to you so that, that is, this is
00:32:37
mine if I don’t see you again, it
00:32:40
will be pi imagine yes, that is, it’s
00:32:43
coming War
00:32:44
here is a man who, in principle, is a
00:32:47
man
00:32:48
and a great Rabbi, a sage, we will now
00:32:51
talk about this too, and he sits and suddenly
00:32:53
suddenly begins to write something, a
00:32:55
couple of lines, and maybe he
00:32:57
signs it, but he at least
00:32:58
thinks about it, this here, in verse,
00:33:01
to express all this everything that happens to him.
00:33:04
Then even
00:33:07
more incredible situations happen there, that is,
00:33:10
for example,
00:33:11
one. That is, this is the
00:33:14
king of Seville, he concludes peace
00:33:17
treaties with, that is, with these Berber
00:33:21
princes who surround Granada,
00:33:23
again with the hope that he will attack
00:33:26
together with them, he will attack Granada and he
00:33:28
invites them to him, nevertheless, Rabbi
00:33:31
Shmoo is trying to interfere with
00:33:33
the treaties and that is why he, that is, when
00:33:37
he finds out that one of the kingdoms with
00:33:39
Berber, it means it begins, that is, it is
00:33:44
also preparing to attack together with
00:33:46
Seville, he makes a sharp transition
00:33:50
through the mountains, that is, there were such mountains,
00:33:52
that is, it is almost impossible, no one
00:33:54
expected at all
00:33:57
that Rabbi Shmuel would turn out to be a dodge, this is the
00:34:01
city of Ronda, a dodge of the city of Ronda in such a
00:34:04
short time with everything with his entire
00:34:06
army But that’s exactly what is happening and
00:34:09
the city surrenders there or maybe there was
00:34:12
some kind of battle there, there was something like that, well, in
00:34:13
general, victory was on the side of Rabbi Shmoo,
00:34:16
so Rabbi Shmoo, that is, he spent about 20-
00:34:20
something military campaigns and in all these
00:34:24
companies he won, of course
00:34:27
there were difficulties one of there was one there was a
00:34:30
moment when uh he ended up in
00:34:33
captivity uh also during during the battle then there was
00:34:37
a battle going on he was there somewhere in the
00:34:39
commander-in-chief’s tent and at that very moment
00:34:42
suddenly there was some kind of sabotage group
00:34:45
the enemy and captures him, but
00:34:48
they don’t have time to do anything
00:34:50
because his Soldiers They came to their senses, that is,
00:34:54
they understood what was happening and they beat him back
00:34:57
another time, Rabbi Shmul, he was forced to
00:34:59
swim to escape from being
00:35:02
captured from being captured, that is, you yourself
00:35:06
understand life He was, so to speak,
00:35:08
cheerful, and just imagine that at the
00:35:10
same time, returning to Granada,
00:35:13
we already talked about the fact that He hired him,
00:35:15
he had a whole staff of Arctic foxes, and
00:35:18
they say that by the way, that these were his arctic foxes,
00:35:21
I recently found out what it was there were
00:35:25
many women engaged in Why Because,
00:35:28
that is, I’m not talking about Torah scrolls, but
00:35:31
I’m talking about books because, in principle,
00:35:33
at that time it was such a business, uh Well,
00:35:36
not like a business. But you can say a very
00:35:38
profitable business, that is, if you have,
00:35:40
let’s say, there are many children, then you are like a
00:35:42
Jewish family. That is, it
00:35:44
will be very useful if you teach your daughter to
00:35:47
write well and rewrite Why
00:35:49
Because this is always an important thing, that is,
00:35:51
let’s say you need some kind of Siddur
00:35:53
prayer book or you need a mazor, you always need it
00:35:56
or late Siddur prayer books they do
00:35:58
n’t come suitability That is, you need
00:36:00
a prayer book Maso, you need the Pentateuch
00:36:02
to study from it with your children. You also need a
00:36:05
mishna there, can you have some other book
00:36:07
please? You have a daughter who
00:36:09
can spend her free time going to school when
00:36:12
the girls didn’t go, she can spend her free time
00:36:15
copying these books and Rush
00:36:19
had a staff of Arctic foxes, apparently there were
00:36:23
wives in this
00:36:25
regard who rewrote books, as
00:36:28
I said in the last lesson, and
00:36:31
it’s interesting that in one of his
00:36:34
poems he
00:36:36
gives a very sharp
00:36:39
criticism of what is happening in the house of
00:36:43
learning. That is, he passed past some
00:36:47
synagogue or past a teaching house there And at
00:36:50
that moment, that is, he heard how
00:36:51
tal was being taught there and he
00:36:54
just came in, he was shocked, he became
00:36:58
indignant and he couldn’t
00:37:00
just be silent about it and he
00:37:03
writes a whole a poem on this topic
00:37:06
There is such a line as who
00:37:09
allowed animals to be allowed into the house of teaching,
00:37:13
that is, some kind of animals,
00:37:14
meaning what kind of animals we have We
00:37:16
have animals Donkey yes, that is, well, such a
00:37:19
hint is very
00:37:21
Harsh or there he will write that
00:37:24
did they say, uh, did they say, uh, that God did
00:37:29
n’t create me women Why Well, we must
00:37:32
recognize this time, what time is
00:37:34
this Muslim Spain, that is, for
00:37:36
them to say that if that’s what, that this is
00:37:39
that they are women - this is like the very
00:37:42
latest curse and that
00:37:44
is, this is how Rabbi Shmul
00:37:47
criticizes them like this, that is, what does this mean?
00:37:50
This suggests that, that is,
00:37:54
he had such an understanding of studying the
00:37:58
Torah. That is, how to teach, how to
00:38:01
interpret, How to interpret what is
00:38:04
necessary teach all this and so on,
00:38:06
and he could argue with the heads of Yeshi
00:38:10
who were there and he could smash these heads of Yeshi to
00:38:14
smithereens. That is,
00:38:17
imagine this, some one comes,
00:38:19
let’s say we have the
00:38:21
11th
00:38:25
secretary of this Biden, this Blinkin and
00:38:29
who is a Jew and then one day he
00:38:32
comes and comes to a shiva in
00:38:35
New York somewhere and goes there, he
00:38:39
hears some kind of game lesson and he sits down
00:38:41
next to him and starts arguing with the head of the shiva and
00:38:44
sleeps with him and says How can you he
00:38:47
says this and begins to say everything with
00:38:50
such surprise, he
00:38:55
looks incredibly correctly, such as we are
00:38:59
far from this, but this was
00:39:02
what happened there, moreover, in the
00:39:08
subsequent subsequent lesson ramm
00:39:10
which I already mentioned today
00:39:12
which I spoke about Today ramm he
00:39:14
speaks often in his
00:39:17
book of laws, he says that
00:39:21
let’s say at some point he
00:39:23
says
00:39:24
the Babylonians do it, and we in Spain
00:39:30
do it like this, that is, when he says
00:39:32
we in Spain do it like this, he
00:39:35
means something like that that means we are in
00:39:38
Spain, that is, we talked about what
00:39:40
they received from Babylonia and so
00:39:42
on
00:39:44
consulted with the Babylonian gaon. What does it mean that
00:39:47
we in Spain do this like this? But the
00:39:49
thing is that remember if we
00:39:51
already talked about this early sage
00:39:57
who arrived So he started this
00:40:00
study of the Torah there and then his son Rabbi
00:40:02
Chano and then it was Rabbi Shmuel who
00:40:05
describes these teachings, the teachings of
00:40:08
Rabbi Noch his teacher and the teachings of Rabbi
00:40:12
Mosha of the father of Rabbi
00:40:14
Haha Rabbi Shemo writes down these, that is, the
00:40:18
Spanish Spanish version of Khan Rukh, that
00:40:21
is e at that time at that time there was Rukha E
00:40:25
500
00:40:27
at that time there was already a code already there would be a Moscow
00:40:31
attempt to reduce these laws which is called
00:40:34
AHO GT which this book was written in
00:40:38
Babylonia. By the way, we don’t know who
00:40:41
wrote it and we only know that is this
00:40:43
here is the person who wrote, he was
00:40:44
quite modest that he remained
00:40:46
unknown to
00:40:48
us and
00:40:55
willow these are alohol and there
00:40:58
were some resolutions to various disputes, logical,
00:41:01
that is, some kind of law, that is, there are IT,
00:41:03
some laws How to do What should be
00:41:05
done and so further, nevertheless, Rabbi
00:41:07
Shmul he writes a counterbalance. That is, he
00:41:10
writes his book which is called AHO
00:41:17
AHO
00:41:19
RTO and irha mouth, so in my opinion, and there he is, that
00:41:24
is, he argues with this with the Babylonian
00:41:29
version, this is with the
00:41:31
Babylonian traditions, and then these
00:41:36
this is what Rabbi Shmul described, then this
00:41:39
will be used by Rabbi Kalfa Rif, this
00:41:43
will be
00:41:45
very big, that is, this is Rabbi Shmoo, this is
00:41:49
part of the Farko heritage
00:41:54
Yes, it’s very difficult, that is, that is,
00:41:57
I personally don’t fit in one in
00:42:02
one picture two here these
00:42:04
personalities Yes, this man who
00:42:07
writes, even if it’s poetry, but still on the
00:42:09
battlefield, who makes sharp
00:42:12
transitions Through the mountains
00:42:14
that fight with a sword in their hands,
00:42:17
writes Poems about war, now
00:42:22
maybe I’ll even read a couple more excerpts from a
00:42:27
man who is part of the
00:42:29
legacy of the Torah Stew broadcasts of Torah in
00:42:33
Spain For example, we also talked about it.
00:42:37
Please look, remember, but one yes
00:42:40
one of his companies. It was a company
00:42:44
like
00:42:46
troops, there was one prince who was
00:42:55
some kind of
00:42:56
court prisoner, something like that, and he was
00:42:58
bribed from Seville. And he tried to
00:43:00
claim the throne of this Granada and
00:43:03
he has already captured some kind of city,
00:43:07
not for a second, he didn’t capture it, he laid
00:43:09
siege to the city and suddenly, that’s where they
00:43:14
come from, again, this proves his
00:43:16
ability of the commander to
00:43:18
make such a sharp
00:43:21
transition, he’s covered troops of Rabbi Shmoo
00:43:24
This is how he writes it Rabi Shmoo
00:43:28
writes it He writes it like a letter to his son, know
00:43:32
The Son has already fled the army of the rebel and the insolent,
00:43:35
she is scattered in the mountains like chaff under the
00:43:39
reaper's sickle, she wanders in the forests as if the
00:43:42
prodigal sheep were not waiting for us and sleep has shackled
00:43:45
everyone's eyes the fighter saw us and ran
00:43:48
away in the night at the ford of the lake and so on.
00:43:53
That is, here this is a military anthem, this is
00:43:58
this, in general, so to speak, where we
00:44:01
see something like that, that is, well, there,
00:44:03
Naturally, he doesn’t pray, he writes further there,
00:44:06
uh he writes to himself And I was sick and
00:44:10
couldn’t get up and looked like a dead man, but God
00:44:14
gave me a balm like rain that in the heat
00:44:17
nourishes the trees, my gaze shone And the enemy was
00:44:21
dark In the eyes of a blind man I sing a song and among the
00:44:24
enemies and the enemies I am filled with grief
00:44:28
hearts, this is something similar we meet
00:44:31
in the body of David and King David, but since
00:44:36
then we don’t have such a thing, that is, such a
00:44:40
genre in Judaism in Jewish poetry or
00:44:43
something like this, what is military
00:44:48
poetry for
00:44:50
contrast
00:44:54
opi that is Let's just say it's not just what he
00:44:58
wrote, but his creations were then
00:45:00
collected by his son into three books Ben Elim,
00:45:04
that is, the son of Lim, there are mainly these
00:45:06
poems about the war, and so on.
00:45:08
Also Ben Micheli, that is, the son of Micheli, there we are
00:45:11
talking about some- then his philosophical
00:45:14
statements. For example, now I’ll read you a
00:45:20
couple. One second my son is calling me, I
00:45:23
have to sec, I
00:45:42
apologize. Children, this is how it’s
00:45:45
written, look What
00:45:47
a poem is translated now by
00:45:50
Vladimir Lazari,
00:45:53
look at the war, there’s a beauty
00:45:57
that anyone would like to match, but then
00:46:00
it turns out to be a vile old woman, forcing
00:46:04
anyone to tremble and
00:46:07
sob So here is the
00:46:10
third book in which the
00:46:13
poems of Rabbi Shmulyaev
00:46:21
Ecclesiastes were collected It is known As Ecclesiastes there are
00:46:24
basically such
00:46:27
uh there itself such a
00:46:30
form as more such as is called
00:46:34
existential that is, what is everything for And
00:46:36
how and so on That is, such as thoughts
00:46:39
and, for example,
00:46:40
from there Yes, how shameful joy judge the
00:46:46
heart lives between two sorrows You yourself
00:46:50
cried entering this world and the other
00:46:54
was paid for,
00:47:00
and that is, there is a lot, very
00:47:04
much, that is, a lot of these are not not
00:47:06
few books, that is, there are a
00:47:08
lot of these here similar contents of
00:47:12
similar similar things are very interesting
00:47:17
And unfortunately not everything has been translated,
00:47:22
but nevertheless there is a book,
00:47:25
for example, here there is. By the way, today I
00:47:27
noticed in the book store If anyone
00:47:29
wants a book of Jewish poetry there,
00:47:33
including translations of this one
00:47:36
Vladimir Lazari
00:47:38
translations of the poem by Rabbi Shmoo
00:47:42
Nagi
00:47:45
and now his Now let's return to
00:47:48
the politics of the court, let's talk a little more about
00:47:52
this Basa's brother
00:47:56
Lugin who handed over the crown at some
00:48:00
point,
00:48:01
he
00:48:02
apparently under the persuasion of others, maybe the
00:48:06
same Seville, he begins to think that
00:48:10
maybe something like- then this Badi can be
00:48:11
removed somewhere
00:48:13
far away and he and there the conspiracy begins,
00:48:18
the conspiracy begins and nevertheless everyone
00:48:23
understands it perfectly before this
00:48:27
conspiracy begins to have any force, that
00:48:31
is, this group of conspirators, they
00:48:33
all understand perfectly well
00:48:37
that without Shmuel without Rabbi Shmuel, all this
00:48:42
will not have power because Rabbi
00:48:44
Shmul had an incredible staff of
00:48:48
spies and he knew everything that was happening,
00:48:51
well, there was no other way, yes there they
00:48:56
were such people, that is, there
00:48:58
was no other way to
00:49:00
live there And so they
00:49:03
decide they decide to make a rabbi shma and he
00:49:09
says
00:49:10
well he says well
00:49:15
and he offers yes and they say We want to
00:49:23
have this conversation at your house
00:49:27
Why at his house because they want
00:49:30
him to be compromised from the very beginning Rush
00:49:34
That is, if he wants
00:49:39
to expose them, so there are witnesses that
00:49:42
he is also a part of this, he had
00:49:44
one of the meetings in his house and Rabbi Shmo he
00:49:49
agrees Why Because he
00:49:50
understands that if he does not
00:49:52
agree, they will remove him, and of course
00:49:57
there are ways,
00:50:00
and now he is going to this is a
00:50:03
group of
00:50:07
Rush
00:50:09
Nagi conspirators and he sits with them. They
00:50:14
discuss How to kill this guy and so
00:50:20
on, and they
00:50:22
specifically
00:50:24
say such things, do, as they
00:50:27
say, such harsh statements for
00:50:30
what purpose, to make sure,
00:50:32
firstly, that he is with them and to
00:50:34
testify that he so that someone
00:50:38
could later testify that he
00:50:40
agreed. It’s possible that all that’s
00:50:43
left to do now is to push
00:50:46
Rabbi Shmuel onto him, he stitches it all together,
00:50:50
agrees, even makes some of his
00:50:51
own
00:50:53
proposals, in this it all looks like
00:50:56
he’s with
00:50:59
them at some point in this meeting
00:51:02
ends and these conspirators
00:51:07
disperse, then Rabbi Shmuel he takes
00:51:11
a ladder, puts it to
00:51:14
the ceiling, there is an attic, puts it to the
00:51:18
ceiling, climbs there, opens
00:51:22
the lid and
00:51:27
Badi comes down from there.
00:51:29
Well, naturally, what happened next for
00:51:33
us, in general, we can easily
00:51:35
imagine
00:51:37
e Arabi himself Shmuel he lived until the
00:51:42
fifty-sixth
00:51:44
year he died in his bed
00:51:48
without being executed, poisoned,
00:51:53
captured, which is also
00:51:57
incredibly surprising for the person
00:51:58
who occupied his position for the
00:52:01
life he
00:52:04
lived on this, today I would like to finish
00:52:06
this lesson, it turned out a little shorter
00:52:09
than everyone else, but I think it
00:52:11
was quite intense, that is,
00:52:14
we were jumping here As they say from place to
00:52:21
place Izmir in
00:52:24
mi talked about poetry We
00:52:28
talked about his military affairs and maybe
00:52:31
I just know in the end here are the
00:52:35
Arabic
00:52:38
Arabic they write about the rabbis SMU or how
00:52:41
that he was a great expert in philosophy, a
00:52:46
great expert in
00:52:49
astronomy of various sciences, and he
00:52:51
was also a man of religious point of view,
00:52:56
very educated, and religion and philosophy
00:52:58
were very closely intertwined at that time, and here
00:53:01
we see in one of the poems of Rabbi
00:53:06
Shmu, quite an early poem of his
00:53:08
he writes about how he
00:53:12
got there, he was in a boat, apparently with
00:53:18
[music]
00:53:20
fishermen, a huge tuna, he shaded
00:53:26
their boat, and when this happened,
00:53:30
all the Muslims, that is, they threw themselves
00:53:35
on the floor, that is, they are in complete despair that it is
00:53:39
impossible to escape, and in this very
00:53:41
the moment of Rabbi Shmul That is, he sees such a
00:53:43
great danger, he folded his hands and he
00:53:45
began to pray, he began to pray to the Almighty
00:53:48
to save him and then after all the
00:53:52
ethos they were saved, he goes ashore
00:53:55
and he writes this poem and there he
00:53:57
writes such a thing This is What This is what
00:53:59
the difference in principle is in the approach of Judaism in
00:54:02
relation to Muslims and their
00:54:04
behavior, that for them, that is, there is no
00:54:08
such option that a decree from heaven
00:54:14
can be
00:54:15
canceled, that is, everything that happens is as they
00:54:19
say, that is, as they say everything
00:54:22
everything is from the Almighty everything from the Almighty and
00:54:24
therefore nothing can be done, the whole approach of the
00:54:27
Jews is that
00:54:32
any even bad phenomenon, even a
00:54:36
catastrophe, can always be canceled because the
00:54:38
Almighty controls any
00:54:41
event on earth and
00:54:43
he can stop any event,
00:54:48
any disaster at any moment if
00:54:51
he listens the prayer of the Jews, if
00:54:55
naturally the Jews will pray, and so
00:54:56
on. So, that is, in this example.
00:55:00
I think that we can only bark
00:55:03
that these are these disasters, which, by the way,
00:55:05
unfortunately, befell us in
00:55:08
this year of Simcha Tour, this war, and
00:55:11
so on. further So that it all
00:55:13
ends as soon as possible and we see clearly how
00:55:18
it’s all turning out for the better
00:55:21
and so that this joy that
00:55:26
we experience as a result of this,
00:55:28
so that we
00:55:30
overcome all the sadness, all the suffering
00:55:33
that we have experienced over the last
00:55:35
period And in the next lesson we let's
00:55:37
talk about the continuation of the story, not about
00:55:41
Rabi Shmul, but so to speak about his
00:55:43
opponent Rabi Shmul, who of course
00:55:46
were also about his
00:55:49
son. So until next time,
00:55:54
goodbye Y

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