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AlexTranslations

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Тетское наступление

Партизанская война

Вторая мировая война

Кубинская революция

война

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00:00:00

let's look at a simple model

00:00:02

that describes the main factors necessary

00:00:05

for conducting a modern war between

00:00:07

states, let's start with the obvious, to

00:00:09

wage war you need armed

00:00:11

forces, they are recruited from human

00:00:13

resources and armed with

00:00:22

yours. troops but

00:00:25

there is another component that I

00:00:27

have not talked about before in my videos this is the desire

00:00:29

to fight which is a combination of

00:00:32

political and popular support this is a

00:00:34

fairly simple model so let's

00:00:37

see if it works using the example of the

00:00:38

Second World War we will look at the

00:00:41

examples of Germany Poland France the

00:00:43

Soviet Union and the United states,

00:00:46

in order to break the desire of Germany and Japan

00:00:48

to fight and force them to surrender,

00:00:50

it was necessary to almost completely

00:00:52

destroy the armed forces, the

00:00:54

industrial complex and resources for

00:00:56

this in Germany it was necessary to capture

00:00:59

Berlin, but for Poland the situation was

00:01:01

slightly different despite the fact that the military

00:01:04

forces were destroyed

00:01:05

and the country was occupied by Germany

00:01:08

and the Soviet Union, a fairly large

00:01:10

part of the Polish soldiers

00:01:11

fled to the Allied countries and continued to

00:01:13

fight. There was also a lack of

00:01:15

cooperation with the Germans both at the

00:01:17

political and economic

00:01:19

levels. Poland in the Second World War

00:01:21

is the clearest example of the fact that the

00:01:24

desire to fight alone can be

00:01:26

enough to continue the war, although

00:01:28

not classic symmetrical war,

00:01:30

we'll talk about this later for France

00:01:33

the situation was different after

00:01:35

most of the French army was

00:01:37

surrounded, the country under new control

00:01:39

surrendered despite the fact that a significant

00:01:42

part of the

00:01:43

resource industry as well as the armed forces,

00:01:45

especially the navy, were still in service

00:01:47

despite everything this desire to fight among a

00:01:50

large part of the French population the

00:01:52

leadership was low

00:01:53

of course they were free and the French and then the

00:01:56

resistance who continued to

00:01:58

fight but in 1942 they were in the

00:02:01

minority all this comes in great

00:02:04

contrast with the Soviet Union

00:02:05

which suffered heavy losses in the

00:02:07

initial stage of the war against the Wehrmacht

00:02:09

but the soviet union did not surrender of course

00:02:13

no policy in the occupied

00:02:14

territories had a great effect on the

00:02:16

will of soviet citizens to fight

00:02:18

therefore despite heavy losses the

00:02:20

soviet union managed to evacuate

00:02:22

quite a large part of the industry

00:02:25

and also its resources were basically beyond the

00:02:28

reach of germany for the united

00:02:30

states the situation was more difficult At the

00:02:33

political level, the

00:02:34

Roosevelt administration's will to fight was

00:02:37

strong while the congressional population was

00:02:39

not as eager, but this would

00:02:41

change dramatically with the Japanese

00:02:44

attack on Pearl Harbor

00:02:45

and the subsequent German

00:02:47

declaration of war. Let's

00:02:49

focus on the United States for now, but

00:02:51

consider the relatively recent

00:02:53

war in Vietnam. In this case, the

00:02:56

United States

00:02:57

had a strong industrial resource base and a

00:03:00

large military force but a

00:03:02

limited will to fight

00:03:04

ultimately led to defeat

00:03:06

even though the

00:03:09

North Vietnamese baby offensive ended in military

00:03:11

failure it became a political victory

00:03:14

it changed public opinion in the

00:03:16

United States which is often described

00:03:18

as the psychological turning point in the war in

00:03:20

vietnam that forced the usa to gradually

00:03:23

stop supporting south vietnam and

00:03:26

thus lose the vietnam

00:03:28

war to the vietnam is probably the best example

00:03:30

of how superior armed forces

00:03:33

supported by powerful industry can be

00:03:35

defeated

00:03:36

if the desire to fight is not

00:03:39

high enough before we considered

00:03:41

symmetrical conflict and even despite

00:03:43

that the war in vietnam was to

00:03:45

some extent a war against viet

00:03:47

cong guerrillas it had many aspects of

00:03:50

symmetrical warfare for example take

00:03:52

the air force of north vietnam

00:03:55

one way of classifying wars is

00:03:57

based on symmetry of capabilities

00:03:59

the typical symmetrical war was

00:04:02

world war two on the western front both germany

00:04:04

and allies fought more or less

00:04:07

on equal terms in terms of regular troops and

00:04:09

industrial complexes while

00:04:12

in Vietnam the North Vietnamese army

00:04:14

fought in a more or less symmetrical

00:04:16

war while the Viet Cong

00:04:18

fought in guerrilla warfare the case of

00:04:20

armed conflict during the

00:04:22

Cuban Revolution

00:04:24

classical guerrilla warfare prevailed The most

00:04:26

pronounced form of asymmetric

00:04:29

warfare is terrorism, in which case

00:04:31

often a small group of people with very

00:04:34

limited capabilities tries

00:04:36

to fight against a large force or

00:04:38

state; symmetrical

00:04:40

warfare and asymmetrical

00:04:42

warfare differ not only in the

00:04:44

capabilities of the parties but also in the division

00:04:47

between the warring groups and the non-warring ones,

00:04:49

for example terrorists often attack

00:04:52

civilians and guerrilla warfare often

00:04:54

involves cooperation between the combatants and the

00:04:57

civilian population

00:04:59

so those who fight against

00:05:01

guerrillas or terrorists have a rather difficult time

00:05:03

distinguishing between enemies and civilians. All

00:05:05

this brings us to another aspect of

00:05:08

what can be said about warriors who are

00:05:10

based solely on the desire to

00:05:12

fight in which are missing both

00:05:14

industry and regular troops, let's

00:05:17

look at the Cuban revolution

00:05:19

because initially Fidel Castro landed

00:05:22

on the island with a small number of people and

00:05:24

almost all of them died in the first

00:05:26

clash, the rebels I was on the side of the

00:05:28

fire had only a small number of

00:05:30

troops, no industry and no

00:05:33

resources, that is, only desire

00:05:34

to fight, but over time they

00:05:36

were able to recruit new troops and

00:05:38

build a limited supporting

00:05:40

infrastructure and then expand it, which

00:05:43

gave them the opportunity to conduct a more

00:05:45

symmetrical war in the later stages of

00:05:47

the conflict. Of course, it should be noted that

00:05:50

winning the war in Cuba was

00:05:52

quite easy for the rebels

00:05:53

due to the incredible corruption of

00:05:54

the regime and the lack of will to

00:05:56

confront the rebels despite

00:05:59

this, the data from the Cuban revolution

00:06:01

seems to show that with enough

00:06:03

will to fight, even the best SS troops

00:06:06

with better industry and resources cannot

00:06:08

win against a completely determined enemy,

00:06:11

it also shows that the model

00:06:13

only works if the enemy is taken into account

00:06:16

since everything these values are relative and

00:06:18

especially the desire to fight depends very much

00:06:21

on the situation in the end this is a

00:06:24

psychological criterion that is not

00:06:26

necessarily given to the numbers of

00:06:27

rationality or analysis as the

00:06:30

result of the child's

00:06:32

offensive clearly shows, thus the desire

00:06:34

to fight is

00:06:35

always for

00:06:36

but considered depending on the enemy

00:06:38

or the perceived enemy can only be

00:06:40

imagined how different would

00:06:42

alliances and cooperation be in

00:06:44

World War II

00:06:45

if the British and, by extension, the

00:06:48

Americans, had

00:06:49

remained neutral in 1940, since

00:06:52

for many communism seemed a greater

00:06:55

danger than fascism, let me know

00:06:57

what you think about this model, it

00:06:59

seems to me that it is suitable for others

00:07:01

conflicts, but maybe I didn’t take something into account

00:07:04

or chose cases that just

00:07:06

fit the model, let me know in

00:07:08

the comments if you notice any

00:07:10

errors the

00:07:13

video is released with the support of the public x

00:07:16

casey day

Description:

XKCD|Наука: https://vk.com/xkcdoff Ссылка на оригинальное видео: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zGTyrQaif_4&t Поддержите канал: https://www.patreon.com/AlexTranslations Яндекс 41001616074670 WebMoney: R389686533481 U330507290710 Дополнительная информация: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5 - Тетское наступление https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0 - Партизанская война https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%92%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5 - Война во Вьетнаме https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F - Кубинская революция https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0 - Вторая мировая война Источники: Overy, Richard: Why the Allies Won https://www.amazon.com/Why-Allies-Won-Richard-Overy/dp/039331619X?ie=UTF8 Germany and the Second World War - Volume 7: The Strategic Air War in Europe and the War in the West and East Asia 1943–1944/5 Amazon.com (affiliate link): https://www.amazon.com/Germany-Second-World-War-Strategic/dp/0198738277?s=books&ie=UTF8 Tucker, Spencer C.: Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War. A Political, Social, and Military History. https://www.amazon.com/Encyclopedia-Vietnam-War-Political-Military/dp/0195135245?s=books&ie=UTF8 The United States Strategic Bombing Survey: Coals and Metal in Japan’s War Economy https://archive.org/details/coalsmetalsinjap36unit

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