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Russian
00:00:08
letters from people who lived Thousands of years ago00:00:11
remains of creatures buried millions of years00:00:14
ago They were supposed to crumble and00:00:19
dissolve but fell into the hands of scientists00:00:23
ancient bones imprints of ancient te00:00:28
ivmi00:00:32
forgery impossible00:00:36
artifacts Eduard Mychko Candidate of00:00:39
Geological and Mineralogical Sciences author of00:00:42
more scientific publications and00:00:45
scientific- popular00:00:47
books00:00:49
Hello,00:00:50
friends, I urge you to vote for what is00:00:53
depicted on this00:00:58
worm, a game of nature, a concretion,00:01:02
the shell of a giant mollusk or an00:01:04
artifact of an ancient civilization personally. I00:01:07
urge you to vote for the last point.00:01:09
But you vote as you see00:01:11
fit by clicking on the link. And I want to00:01:15
ask the tree that fell in the forest for a year00:01:19
turns to dust, any mushroom picker00:01:21
knows this And you rub something in with us about00:01:23
millions of years, this is00:01:25
absurd Yes Indeed, this is a very00:01:28
correct and important question Because00:01:30
this is what happens in most cases,00:01:33
imagine such a00:01:37
hypothetical years ago, the late Epoch, a00:01:40
dinosaur wanders in the forest, a wounded dinosaur in in the00:01:44
end he dies, he falls00:01:47
again in00:01:48
the forest, he begins to decompose, he is first eaten by00:01:52
some animals,00:01:54
then00:01:56
fungi, bacteria take over and00:02:00
then the bones turn into dust.00:02:07
dinosaurs will00:02:10
not come to us, what should happen? Here it is00:02:14
very important and trivial for00:02:16
paleontologists, but a curious00:02:18
thing for ordinary people: in order to become00:02:21
a fossil, an organism must lead its00:02:25
remains after death must fall into00:02:27
certain conditions; the same00:02:30
dinosaur, before death, must, for example,00:02:34
approach a lake and already it the corpse should,00:02:38
for example, fall into some kind of sediment, then the00:02:40
soft tissues will disappear and the bone00:02:44
remains will end up buried in this00:02:46
sediment and then maybe, why00:02:49
maybe I’ll say in more detail, it will end up in the00:02:51
geological record and can become a00:02:55
fossil, um,00:02:58
media when the world is not littered skeletons,00:03:02
fossil skeletons, we have a00:03:04
fossil of dinosaurs. Why are there them everywhere? Well,00:03:06
well, because most of the00:03:08
organisms after death do not00:03:11
end up in the geological record; it’s00:03:13
all just rotten. But these Lucky Ones00:03:16
are our fossil. I think many of those00:03:19
present are well aware of such a00:03:21
writer. Soviet science fiction writer Ivan00:03:23
Antonovich Efremov Taisa Athenian fog of00:03:26
Andromeda the hour of the bull I think many people00:03:28
know it, but for paleontologists, for us, he is00:03:31
first and foremost a scientific figure, a serious00:03:34
scientist, and at one time he developed an00:03:37
entire discipline called00:03:39
von tafa in Greek - this is00:03:42
burial or grave And this is a00:03:44
paleontological direction that00:03:46
studies how organisms are preserved after death,00:03:50
how the process of this00:03:53
burial occurs, what happens at this moment,00:03:55
how the process of petrification or00:03:57
fossilization occurs, and what happens to these00:03:58
fossils later, this is a00:04:01
whole00:04:02
big science Efremov established very00:04:07
interesting things when I studied these00:04:10
different burials, the fact that the two00:04:13
principles of the fundamental principles of the same00:04:15
are the principle of stages and the principle00:04:18
of selective The fact is that this00:04:20
burial from the death of the organism to the00:04:24
fossilization goes through several stages,00:04:27
first of all,00:04:30
this is the primary processing of organic matter,00:04:33
screening out the accumulation of these residues, then00:04:36
redistribution into sediments and00:04:40
fossilization, I’ll tell you a little more about this00:04:42
now00:04:44
with the first stage with the first00:04:48
stage and at each stage. This is very00:04:50
important and the principle also happens selectively, the00:04:53
so-called Tomia00:04:55
River, all00:04:58
Orni00:05:00
will not be preserved in the geological record00:05:02
due to the fact that there are very few of them00:05:04
for example, some00:05:08
chronicles simply won’t get into Krasnozhon, but00:05:10
those organisms, those animal00:05:12
plants or mushrooms, of which there are very, very00:05:14
many, and at the first stage, when00:05:18
after the organism has died and it has00:05:22
not yet been00:05:23
saved, a very important myth with the fact that00:05:27
many believe that we find fossils and00:05:30
remains in the place where the organism lived, in00:05:33
fact, this is far from the case in the field of00:05:36
ecology, there is such an important concept00:05:39
as posthumous transfer sounds quite00:05:42
ominous, of course,00:05:43
but what does this mean at the first stage of the00:05:47
tophonomis00:05:48
cycle organisms in various currents of00:05:52
various mechanical00:05:54
factors after death, their corpses00:05:56
are transferred to the same distance over00:05:58
very, very large distances, and this00:06:00
post-mortem transfer in some way00:06:01
distorts our understanding of paleo-00:06:03
ecological understanding of where the organism00:06:06
is located and where it was00:06:15
buried, the so-called post-mortem00:06:17
transfer, we will turn to the well-known00:06:20
Hersh Gersh - a fossil deposit00:06:22
where they are found in large numbers00:06:24
and well preserved zfn in Germany this is a00:06:27
Jurassic00:06:28
location from where the first00:06:31
bird00:06:32
Archeopteryx was described Well, this is what00:06:36
Europe was like 150 million years ago This is an00:06:39
archipelago of islands shallow00:06:42
Lagoon and in this place where Zolin Gough00:06:46
was just the Lagoon with very00:06:47
interesting conditions with an oxygen-free and00:06:52
hypersomnia00:06:59
storm, these gases came to the00:07:01
surface of the water, rose higher and00:07:04
the animals that flew, for example, the same00:07:06
ones. Here are some archeopteryx, some00:07:09
pterosaurs, insects, they died, they fell00:07:12
to the bottom, they sank vertically and were stored00:07:16
in the sediment. Well, why am I this is talk. The fact00:07:18
is that we also meet these00:07:21
flying forms of animals and sea00:07:24
animals together, this does not mean that they00:07:26
lived together, they got there;00:07:29
vertical transfer, it significantly00:07:31
distorts our understanding of the geological00:07:33
record. The fact is that some00:07:35
archeopteryx is on the bottom of this Lagoon00:07:37
will sink in a matter of minutes, well, the pipes00:07:40
of this Archeopteryx, and small00:07:41
microscopic organisms after death,00:07:44
they sink for a very, very long time,00:07:46
for example, foraminifera protists have00:07:48
calcareous shells in most00:07:50
cases, and some planktonic forms00:07:52
that live in the water column after death00:07:55
sink to the bottom for a very long time, that is,00:07:57
this there are days there, even00:07:59
interestingly more microscopic00:08:02
organisms, protists, also kalifa in the second00:08:05
they are in the photo here00:08:07
they are, according to some00:08:10
researchers, including the famous00:08:12
Soviet Russian ocean, they have been00:08:15
sinking for thousands of years, that is,00:08:17
now they have not yet sunk to the bottom of the ocean00:08:21
there at depths there 4 there 5 kmet like the00:08:23
Afari who died E during the time00:08:26
of the pharaohs, this greatly distorts00:08:31
this00:08:33
chronicle, which is interesting; posthumous00:08:35
transfer can be very surprising,00:08:37
for example, in 2017, a find thundered00:08:40
throughout the world; these are the fossil remains of00:08:42
the dinosaur00:08:44
Rita in Canada, found in Cretaceous sediments00:08:47
but in Cretaceous marine sediments00:08:52
[music ]00:08:58
not00:08:59
his stream, what currents washed it into the sea,00:09:02
this unfortunate corpse was swollen, he’s there Ball, I00:09:06
don’t know the days of the week there, and when00:09:08
the gases had already come out of this corpse, he sank to00:09:10
the bottom and only then fell into the sediment, he was00:09:12
buried, posthumous transfer00:09:15
can really distort everything very much00:09:17
for example, the00:09:18
shells of00:09:20
modern native cephalopods and the Nauti genus of the00:09:28
creature is Kame are filled with gas and00:09:31
after death it is a shell. When the00:09:33
animal itself has rotted the body itself, it drifts for a00:09:37
very long time, that is, the Nauti yews are00:09:40
modern, they are limited there by the Pacific00:09:41
Ocean and shells are found even there00:09:45
in Africa, they are found Yes on coast and00:09:47
also Here are the extinct Anitas of which there were00:09:49
a lot, that’s how we think they00:09:53
lived in this place and beyond the Kim they already00:09:56
sailed and buried it, it’s all quite00:09:58
complicated, for example, in the Holocene. In00:10:01
modern Holocene00:10:04
Scandinavia, pollen from00:10:07
African plants is found, that is,00:10:10
quite a lot was carried by the wind,00:10:12
well, let’s say the posthumous transfer00:10:16
has ended, yes, somewhere this organism00:10:19
after death these remains have floated, what00:10:21
happens to them before they00:10:24
fall into the sediment here, it’s very interesting00:10:26
here, that’s exactly the same fomich00:10:28
lattice first The fact is that at the bottom of the00:10:32
reservoirs of the same pestilence for example,00:10:34
there are some kind of mechanical00:10:36
hydromechanical processes Yes, there are00:10:38
some kind of surf currents, wave currents and often00:10:42
the remains begin to collapse, that is, it’s not00:10:45
so simple that whole00:10:47
skeletons00:10:58
buried00:10:59
the basis of paleontology rap and00:11:02
or maybe scientists took a drum rotating in00:11:06
it Pebbles and put the remains there Well00:11:10
modern animals with a double-barreled00:11:14
shotgun, snails there, and so on, and the drum00:11:17
rotated. That is, this is some kind of00:11:19
modeling of the00:11:20
destruction of organic remains after and00:11:23
death at the bottom of the reservoir, and it turned out that, for00:11:26
example, bryozoans And these are such colony00:11:29
animals, here they are00:11:31
shown in the Bottom photo; the00:11:34
first clock there was simply destroyed00:11:37
completely and the gastroport00:11:40
have a hard shell with a column00:11:43
inside they were not destroyed there even for 100 hours,00:11:45
that is, they were least00:11:48
destroyed and if we look at the00:11:50
geological record at the variety of00:11:53
species and genera known to us by the Shakh sling,00:11:56
we will of course notice00:11:57
that there are a lot of these strods in the00:12:01
geological record of Ashak on the contrary, that00:12:04
is, the first hundreds of years are known there;00:12:08
this does not mean at all that there00:12:10
was very00:12:12
little in the geological record; it’s just that most of them00:12:16
were destroyed at the first stage of the phomic cycle00:12:19
and were not included in the geological record; this is the00:12:21
so-called mistake; the00:12:27
survivors00:12:30
believed that it was necessary to strengthen where there were00:12:33
places00:12:35
It’s logical to assume that there were holes in the engines, but in00:12:37
fact, those00:12:40
planes that had holes in00:12:42
their engines were also fuel. They simply didn’t00:12:44
return, it was a survivor’s mistake. We simply do00:12:47
n’t see from our sample those organisms00:12:50
that were destroyed, and what00:12:57
happens to them next is that they didn’t00:13:00
collapse, they ended up in sediment.00:13:03
But the most interesting thing is that sediments over00:13:09
time become sediments,00:13:12
rocks, well, there are a lot of them, both sediments and00:13:15
rocks. Well, sand, for example, maybe in the00:13:18
process of so-called diagenesis, and00:13:21
sandstone becomes solid in such a00:13:23
formation, carbonate spruce,00:13:25
limestone, silt, there are siltstones, and so00:13:27
on, and at this moment this is not a moment,00:13:32
this is the millennium of the millionth, the00:13:35
same process of fossilization occurs when00:13:37
organic matter changes and00:13:40
becomes in equilibrium with the surrounding00:13:42
sediment, which first of all happens,00:13:44
first of all, there is destruction of00:13:47
volatile elements of some sort, nitrogen,00:13:49
oxygen, they evaporate and00:13:52
enrichment with carbon occurs, this is T smoldering the00:13:55
same rotting araffinization bitumenization the00:13:59
same coal What is00:14:07
modified Yes, but it is the same00:14:10
modified organic matter and00:14:12
slightly, for example, lignite, yes, these are so-00:14:15
called imperfect coals, if you look at this,00:14:17
in a quarry in the Moscow region there are00:14:21
Jura clays, there00:14:23
is wood there the outside00:14:27
doesn’t00:14:29
live at all, in fact, it’s a brev 150 ml years old from the00:14:33
same plants, sometimes00:14:36
fillets remain, these are the leaves themselves with the finest00:14:39
structure with even the cellular structure of00:14:42
virtually unchanged organic matter,00:14:44
only it’s charred in essence because many00:14:47
organic compounds are very, very00:14:49
persistent, for example hithi00:14:57
legs Yes, they are 304,000 years old there, now00:15:01
a00:15:03
lot of Mummies have been found and here in Siberia and Alaska,00:15:08
and there are rhinoceroses and various mammoths,00:15:11
mammoth lion cubs, whatever Well, this does not00:15:16
mean that they immediately froze there, as00:15:18
some believe, this is another myth that00:15:21
they instantly froze got caught00:15:22
somewhere00:15:24
in this LD, as a rule, this happened in the winter,00:15:27
animals after death00:15:30
or during death fell into some00:15:32
body of water, they00:15:34
freeze there over the millennia, this00:15:38
organic matter has reached us even with a cellular00:15:40
structure, even with DNA.00:15:44
Well, Okay mammoths in the eternal world zloty but00:15:50
what about the latest00:15:53
research which says that00:15:55
flesh was found there soft tissue00:15:59
untouched flesh but everything is not so clear00:16:02
and everything is very interesting it began in00:16:06
this century already in this millennium an00:16:08
American researcher Mr.00:16:10
Schweitzer drew00:16:12
attention to this experiment Yes,00:16:14
she took the00:16:15
Dinosaur Bones, but not completely, but not completely,00:16:19
namely, the Mineral component of these00:16:21
Bones, and00:16:24
surprisingly the pyres were exposed00:16:27
IP n That is,00:16:30
untouched, this caused a lot of controversy00:16:32
among the scientific community that some kind of00:16:35
nonsense This cannot be true, but00:16:37
similar experiments were carried out and00:16:39
indeed it turned out that there is00:16:41
collagen there, the same one, and then New00:16:43
New experiments with dissolution, it00:16:46
turned out that there are even red blood cells,00:16:49
some other proteins, something similar to00:16:52
blood vessels, they began to find out how00:16:55
this could be, it turned out that these are00:16:57
all microscopically00:17:00
in iron capsules like in00:17:05
cans, how could this be, according to the00:17:08
same co-authors, the blood containing00:17:12
red blood cells,00:17:13
red blood cells, hemoglobin is already00:17:21
enveloping these00:17:27
caps Or like toono Yes, paleo00:17:30
proteomics is an active new science,00:17:34
scientists00:17:36
are studying peptides and polypeptides that are00:17:39
millions of tens even hundreds of00:17:41
millions of years old, a new promising00:17:44
direction00:17:47
A Well, in connection with this, there are many interesting00:17:51
studies, so long ago a publication was published00:17:54
that in the remains of NSO Windows Bion,00:17:59
who lived there 560,580 and even 600 million00:18:02
years ago, the remains of cholesterol were found.00:18:06
Yes, cholesterol is an00:18:09
animal alcohol of exclusively animal00:18:11
origin, and then another publication came out00:18:15
and also about the fact that here is00:18:17
evidence that Dickinson and the00:18:19
Vendo Biont in general are absolutely definitely00:18:21
animals. But here there is already a lot of skepticism00:18:25
among colleagues that this pollution is00:18:28
belt pollution and everything is not so00:18:30
clear, but the works of Mary Schweitzer they are00:18:33
just unambiguous, this is00:18:34
really collagen these are really00:18:37
some structures that belong to00:18:39
dinosaurs in a fossil state, not00:18:42
only organic matter can be preserved, but also00:18:44
in rare cases some coloring, here in the00:18:48
photographs00:18:50
there is a fossil of brachiopod shells with00:18:58
coloring,00:18:59
sometimes, also in very rare cases,00:19:02
cells00:19:04
responsible for color are preserved, so-called00:19:07
melanomas, various different configurations of00:19:09
different properties and from them scientists can already00:19:11
assume to correlate with00:19:14
some modern representatives. By studying the00:19:16
same snakes there, here is an article,00:19:19
they found out what color and what coloring00:19:22
it was from me precisely from00:19:23
these preserved cells,00:19:26
but00:19:29
fossil organic matter is less common00:19:32
among fossils than any other00:19:35
types of preservation, in most cases00:19:38
we still have00:19:39
the fact that this organic matter has been lost and00:19:42
dissolved, and for example, instead of these00:19:46
fossil remains we see the so-00:19:47
called pseudo Or00:19:50
bior remains themselves in the sediment and already in the00:19:55
sediments can be replaced by others00:19:57
minerals are00:19:59
in the first photo This is a fossil00:20:03
forest in Arizona Yes, the tree trunks are00:20:05
replaced by silica, below the trilobite the00:20:09
trilobite shell is replaced by pyrite This is00:20:12
actually an amazing thing, this is a00:20:15
dinosaur tooth replaced by opal Well, in fact,00:20:17
also silica, or00:20:20
this is a photo of a scorpion replaced by copper00:20:24
and Prim This is a00:20:27
replacement of everyday life it happens very quickly,00:20:30
it doesn’t necessarily take millions of years, that is, it00:20:32
even happens over hundreds of years, it’s00:20:34
very interesting00:20:35
that the different types of fossilization, they don’t00:20:39
always say that it happened there00:20:43
millions, we are dealing with less00:20:46
attractive less interesting00:20:47
types of preservation, these are the so-called00:20:50
nuclei, what this means, well, the same00:20:52
shell in the sediment, some aggressive medium was already dissolved in the sediments,00:20:58
it dissolved00:21:00
calcitonin, and the internal sediment00:21:02
remained and petrified, and we are dealing with00:21:05
a core, and these cores can be of00:21:07
completely different compositions. For example,00:21:12
chalcedony, this00:21:15
shell is still interesting This type is imprints imprints00:21:18
Well, they are less00:21:21
common than pdo morphoses there or00:21:23
some nuclei imprints of honeycombs the smallest00:21:27
structures structure the most00:21:29
curious interesting type of preservation with00:21:32
which another Myth is associated - this is an00:21:34
inclusion in amber or Ilya Well Amber00:21:37
is a fossil resin Yes, there is a lot of amber in the00:21:39
world of different geological00:21:41
ages, there is Cretaceous Amber, there is00:21:48
Iceni Zano, well, everyone probably watched00:21:50
Jurassic Park Yes, there is amber in the NTA mosquito and00:21:53
they took DNA from there, they resurrected a dinosaur,00:21:56
maybe this is the answer No, it can’t00:21:59
Why because amber is actually00:22:02
aggressive the environment there is00:22:04
diffusion and when we look at inclusions on a tomograph,00:22:08
these inclusions of tiny animals and plants,00:22:11
we see integuments, but00:22:14
some internal parts are00:22:15
usually replaced or simply missing,00:22:18
and in the ninety-third year an article was published00:22:21
that we found there the DNA00:22:25
of a weevil of which 100 million years then you00:22:28
say that this is not weevil DNA, but00:22:31
modern contamination by the candido fungus, and there were00:22:35
experiments, recently they literally00:22:37
buried beetles in resin for 2 years,00:22:41
they dug them up for 5 years and looked to see if they had DNA. Well,00:22:44
it turned out that Yes, it is possible00:22:49
to sequence the molecule, complex capriciousness.00:22:52
But here in general it is very bad news00:22:53
recent research by New Zealand00:22:55
scientists they looked at the00:22:58
bone remains of extinct flightless birds00:23:01
and it was discovered00:23:03
that DNA has an interesting feature00:23:06
which they called half-life, but this is00:23:09
not00:23:10
the half-life that occurs with isotopes, it occurs00:23:13
at different rates00:23:15
depending on the conditions in which00:23:17
this DNA is stored Yes, for example in some of00:23:19
these00:23:20
eternal peace zloty days it happens00:23:24
slower than the00:23:26
WTO00:23:28
in rainy lie to faster and most likely00:23:33
we will never hire the DNA of the same00:23:37
dinosaur. Not because there are no certain00:23:40
super conditions where it could be00:23:41
preserved, but there is simply such an00:23:43
interesting thing as the half-life of DNA and the00:23:47
myth is connected with this. This is what I was talking about.00:23:50
Phemic00:23:52
cycles change our understanding of the00:23:55
geological record of the great00:23:58
diversity of the past, and this is associated with00:24:00
such a fundamental concept in00:24:02
paleontology in geology: the incompleteness of the00:24:04
geological record is precisely00:24:06
due to some backgrounds According to Russian00:24:09
principles, in fact, everything is more complex and00:24:14
interesting,00:24:16
and despite the fact that incompleteness00:24:19
exists, at different stages of00:24:23
this Tomsk screening grid, some00:24:26
remains are preserved and do not end up in the00:24:28
geological record. And we have00:24:31
quite a lot of finds of different types, and00:24:35
that’s all for us -it allows us to realize and00:24:37
understand that evolution absolutely00:24:40
was and is and is happening, but00:24:44
very interesting effects are associated with this,00:24:46
for example, the Signora Lips effect,00:24:47
which few people know about.00:24:49
But due to this incompleteness, we00:24:52
almost never study any00:24:55
taxon in the geological past. we don’t00:24:58
meet the first and last00:25:00
representatives, we usually meet00:25:03
relatives of ancestors and relatives of00:25:05
descendants, another such effect is the00:25:08
Lazarus effect. I think some of those present00:25:10
have heard about it, a very interesting thing.00:25:13
Well, the coelacanth fish, yes. Or coelacanth, until the00:25:17
forties until the thirties, was00:25:19
considered an extinct animal And then they00:25:23
catch it in the Indian Ocean, a discovery,00:25:26
that is, in the Cretaceous, well, not this species,00:25:30
not this genus, but the Lacanian, they are found in the00:25:32
Paleogene in Gene They are not found, and in the00:25:35
modern ocean it turns out to be found. What does that00:25:37
mean, it disappeared from the00:25:39
geological system? It’s just not there and we didn’t00:25:41
find it because Apparently their00:25:43
populations are small, they are logical00:25:46
animals there. They are not bottom-dwelling and00:25:49
simply did not appear in the geological record. Okay,00:25:51
there is a Lacan, but for example, a whole class of00:25:55
mollusks,00:25:56
they are considered extinct in the Devonian until, in00:26:01
my opinion, when they knocked out the odds in the first place,00:26:04
it turns out they are alive until up to now,00:26:05
they just haven’t found their way into the geological record; these are00:26:08
such interesting distortions. But despite00:26:12
all this, we can’t say that we00:26:14
know nothing, we know little, but this is not enough, quite00:26:17
enough to restore transitional forms based on which for almost every00:26:20
major taxon of an order, or even more so00:26:23
a class.00:26:27
was We can do this Even00:26:30
despite the incompleteness of the fossil00:26:32
record, because some groups of00:26:34
the organism are preserved better, some are00:26:36
worse, those that have some kind of hard00:26:39
integument or internal skeleton, they00:26:42
are preserved, of course, better than those that do00:26:45
not00:26:47
have this, now there are many large00:26:50
databases It all started, for example, with the00:26:54
Je Sisky database, the end of BOX gov,00:26:58
the scientist collected information about the genera and00:27:01
families of fossil00:27:04
animals, 36,000 genera, and when the graphs00:27:09
were built, Yes, such an interesting graph.00:27:12
Well, that famous well-known00:27:16
thing, we saw that these fluctuations in00:27:20
the curve are evidence that there were apparently00:27:22
some - some major extinctions, some00:27:25
evolutionary surges then,00:27:29
nevertheless, I was saying that00:27:32
despite the fact that00:27:34
the fossil record is incomplete,00:27:36
we understand the picture of the past, the picture of00:27:40
evolution more or less00:27:41
well.00:27:47
Thank you. Let's now see how00:27:50
our viewers voted, what they00:27:52
thought was is shown in this00:27:54
photo and the Malyu shell wins,00:27:58
comment yes, in fact, this is00:28:01
such a trick question, such a difficult00:28:04
question, this thing was found in a quarry in the00:28:07
twenties in England in Grasse-00:28:09
Sax and they noticed that it00:28:13
really looks like a snail on a00:28:16
snail shell then they started looking it turned out00:28:19
that there were no remains of a shell and this is00:28:23
not the core of a mollusk. Although it was called dekh, that00:28:27
is, a terrible shell, a giant00:28:29
terrible shell of a snail, there were00:28:32
assumptions that this was a coprolite of a dinosaur,00:28:35
this is really a scientific assumption00:28:37
because there is a quarry nearby where the00:28:39
fossil remains of dinosaurs are known,00:28:41
but coprolites have certain00:28:44
structures and they consist of that00:28:47
organic00:28:48
matter of excrement that you can00:28:52
understand what this was the last00:28:55
guess if we open the00:28:57
same Wikipedia there We see that this is Nora,00:28:59
supposedly some kind of animal of an incomprehensible00:29:02
unknown sea animal,00:29:04
an article was recently published, scientists looked at this00:29:07
quarry, new finds were found something00:29:10
similar, only not as regular, not00:29:13
twisted, but different shapes, and they proved00:29:16
that this is just a game of nature, a concretion of00:29:19
such an interesting shape. So, first.00:29:21
Not an animal at all. Well, by the way,00:29:24
I voted for him in00:29:26
second place, yes. So, yes, they00:29:29
understand the question is complex, yes, yes but now a00:29:32
battle of geological proportions will begin here are00:29:37
you ready to answer for your00:29:40
words on stage harmful opponent Pavel00:29:44
Selivanov geologist senior engineer of00:29:46
the Central Research00:29:48
Geological Prospecting Institute of Non-Ferrous and00:29:51
Precious Metals I ask Pavel 1000:29:54
minutes00:29:55
Hello, I listened to you and I can00:29:59
say You00:30:01
convinced me Convinced me that the cyni are right Well,00:30:05
I don’t know. Yes, you told me here,00:30:08
it means that your soft tissues00:30:11
were not preserved, now they are preserved, then your00:30:14
proteins are preserved already and already DNA. Well,00:30:18
about DNA, you made a mistake, you00:30:21
said about the half-life Yes, 50000:30:24
years00:30:25
there in carbon radio carbon has 500000:30:29
years there, something like a half-life00:30:32
its applicability is 1000:30:34
half-lives Well, almost any00:30:36
isotope method has00:30:38
half-lives there 1000 times everything falls there is00:30:41
nothing left to date it is impossible for00:30:42
radio carbon here 50,000 years,00:30:45
respectively I I take 500 years and multiply by00:30:48
10 Yes, 5,000 years, there shouldn’t be any DNA at all.00:30:53
But here we read, it00:30:56
means00:30:57
40 years ago, DNA became extinct, mother, they found a00:31:00
million years ago, maybe there weren’t any00:31:03
millions of years, and yes, thanks for the question, but00:31:13
regarding the half-life of DNA, I said this in00:31:17
quotes This is not the half-life that00:31:20
occurs in an isotope that is stable00:31:22
which00:31:23
Uranium00:31:26
decays there 45 billion years there is the00:31:29
same radio carbon00:31:31
this is an abstract concept at different00:31:34
rates this half-life occurs in00:31:37
this DNA somewhere I talked about this that00:31:39
in good conditions, frozen00:31:41
carcasses of some kind in permafrost, it00:31:44
happens more slowly. And if these remains00:31:48
are simply buried in sediments or00:31:50
stored in some kind of cave, then it’s00:31:52
much faster, but it happens in any00:31:55
case, unlike well, he says. We most00:31:59
likely will not find dinosaur DNA there00:32:01
I’m saying the same thing about this, but if you find it00:32:04
like this, it will be very well, it00:32:06
will be a discovery, a very big serious00:32:08
discovery and again along the Dvina Yes, yes, yes, and it turns out that the00:32:11
half-life of DNA there, under00:32:14
certain conditions, it takes a long time to tighten up,00:32:17
to tighten up Yes, well, as00:32:19
it turned out with they thought that organics were00:32:21
peptides, yes Or polypeptides, they were00:32:23
limited there for centuries and then00:32:26
it turned out to be millions of years old Well, they found a carcass00:32:29
yes Noah Okay, I’m here on anthropogenesis, here’s00:32:33
yours, I recently read a note that they found a00:32:37
tooth, it means a shark’s tooth, some kind of Cretaceous00:32:41
shark, it seems there, or another fish together00:32:44
with bones of people, and there they explained the00:32:47
teto disk, they found it there, used it00:32:50
as some kind of pendant, although they did00:32:52
n’t show any traces there, in my opinion, here’s00:32:54
where the evidence is: maybe they00:32:57
lived together and maybe a person hunted this00:33:00
Cretaceous shark together, but they found it together Not00:33:04
Well, go down to the Moskovskoe metro and00:33:07
look at00:33:09
the marble and there you will see a lot of fossils of00:33:13
anivas, yes there are anivas of the same00:33:16
Nauti and so on, but this does not mean that00:33:19
we live together with these Nautiluses00:33:21
here too, by the way, this is not a00:33:24
shark’s tooth, this is a guidon extinct birds Douce00:33:29
And this does not mean at all that they lived00:33:32
together And this does not mean at all that00:33:35
these ancient primitive people00:33:36
used them as a necklace, it00:33:38
just means that they could use00:33:41
sand with some kind of chalk deposits with00:33:44
this, it was already a fossil00:33:46
of course Is there something buried there or is00:33:48
it already a river of soap? It’s taxes, you00:33:51
have to look at this one, Christophe00:33:53
Numi, how it happened. For example, I saw00:33:55
only this tooth and that’s all, but00:33:58
I didn’t see what the context is archaeologically and geologically. What00:34:01
if a person has a laser effect? But in the00:34:05
future Yes no What if we didn’t find00:34:08
a person in the past there yes skeletons00:34:11
some kind of laser effect worked Well yes00:34:14
this could actually happen there yes that00:34:16
is people listen to this no this00:34:18
could be the speaker confirmed that people00:34:20
could live together with dinosaurs they could00:34:23
simply not have found it and the laser effect is to blame.00:34:27
No, no, I was talking about this, I was talking about it00:34:29
within the limits of the existence of the00:34:32
Goma genus, I meant that some species there,00:34:34
for example, we will find Denisovan man,00:34:36
that there is not 50,000 years there, But there, 70,00000:34:39
years, but in this period we did not00:34:40
find I still had this Well, of course, yes,00:34:43
yes, yes, of course, Well, okay, you00:34:46
talked about phosili there, and you yourself00:34:49
said that this is not necessarily 1,000 years,00:34:51
but you have some kind of Scorpio Mia there,00:34:54
replaced in my opinion this is actually something from00:34:56
some kind of sha and is known, for example, the perito of00:34:59
man. The miner naturally fell into a00:35:02
crack there somewhere, literally there for00:35:04
decades he swept it with pyrite and,00:35:08
moreover, what the creationists did, we00:35:10
hear often over millions of years there it was00:35:12
petrified by the creationists they took a00:35:15
log, they went, they threw it into a hydro-geothermal00:35:18
spring, in 10 years it was petrified, you can’t00:35:20
tell it from the fact that there is faet Forest, it’s00:35:23
not possible to tell the difference, but the fact is that00:35:28
it happens to fossils at different00:35:31
speeds, and I’ve already said this too,00:35:33
that it’s not evidence of millions there, over00:35:36
thousands of years, it can pass very00:35:37
quickly, that’s really the Miner00:35:38
that you found, it’s not an argument that00:35:41
we have it, it’s not an argument of ancient falization -00:35:44
it’s not an argument of antiquity, an argument of00:35:47
antiquity, there are a00:35:49
lot of arguments from antiquity, even the same varts that00:35:52
they talked about and the same ribbon clays00:35:55
Yes, there is Oz. Where these00:35:59
ribbon clays are formed in the summer they are00:36:01
enriched with organic matter; in the winter,00:36:03
on the contrary, they are stripes black black00:36:06
white black white and there is simply an00:36:09
outcrop where these ribbon00:36:11
clays are there, they can be counted there for 14,000 years00:36:14
there are millions of years of millions years, well, not00:36:18
well, so far from modern times it’s good00:36:21
Thousands of years there Oh well, I agree, but00:36:25
generally millions of years Yes, you’re00:36:55
based on such a constant section00:36:58
where that’s where they are at different00:37:00
speeds they happen at different speeds There00:37:02
were attempts when there00:37:05
was unknown radioactivity, there were00:37:07
attempts to measure there and they were similar00:37:09
there 400 million years of the Earth, but we are00:37:12
still based on a scientific method that can be00:37:15
checked by virtually anyone in a laboratory00:37:17
in any laboratory in the00:37:19
world, this is verification, look, what00:37:22
if we have radioactive decay? Yes,00:37:25
they decided that radioactive decay00:37:27
comes with the same purity there And if00:37:30
in the past he went faster this decay, that’s how it00:37:33
was like this Soviet Soviet physicist00:37:38
thermodynamicist Veinik, maybe you heard00:37:42
he was actively engaged in scientific00:37:44
research and then at the end of his life00:37:48
he came00:37:49
to God. Well, how does it happen there, I00:37:52
don’t know how to prepare for entrance exams00:37:54
and somehow it was possible to apply00:37:59
thermodynamics with Lodoze Lev Well, I don’t know00:38:02
why it was with Lodoze Svom that he00:38:04
came up with the idea that there is a reciprocal of00:38:06
time,00:38:07
chronos, haven’t you heard of that? Well, the fact is that00:38:10
time00:38:11
flowed much faster in the geological past00:38:14
and all these millions of years, but that’s00:38:18
not fits Popper’s criterion Yes, we00:38:20
can’t do this This is not positivism, this is00:38:22
outside of science, we can neither00:38:24
refute nor prove this, we know that00:38:26
there are stants, so we have lead only00:38:29
because Uranium at one time00:38:30
decayed there in 4.5 billion years, well, no well,00:38:33
wait, what if we have00:38:35
some kind of nuclear reactor there in ancient times, so00:38:37
you prove it, you prove it first,00:38:39
we proved it, yes, just like that,00:38:43
right away. Well, you prove it first. Well, I don’t00:38:49
know, I don’t know,00:38:51
I’m convinced, that is,00:38:54
I’ll cover it up now00:38:58
positivism Viennese cru methodologists Well,00:39:03
you said that there is a chronicle there that00:39:06
anyone can trace, but you didn’t00:39:09
show them, they didn’t00:39:11
show a genealogy there, and how it00:39:13
was necessary for each of them, well, there are00:39:15
scientific publications, there are monographs00:39:17
dedicated to this, it’s already on request00:39:20
only And that’s all how can I cover everything,00:39:22
of course? Here, upon request, they hide00:39:24
hide memorize00:39:27
the deputy, well, okay,00:39:30
you won’t have time for 10 seconds, but you didn’t convince me,00:39:33
I don’t know that Pavel had good00:39:35
teachers, he’s just a scientific00:39:37
supervisor, a creationist. I00:39:40
know that’s why there was someone to learn from,00:39:43
thank you. Let us, however, evaluate00:39:45
how harmful and sincere Pavel was, I00:39:48
would also00:39:52
say so, please vote for this is00:39:55
harmful,00:39:57
but we have a question sent by Mikhail00:40:01
schv I wonder if paleontologists of the future will be able to find out about our00:40:04
civilization in00:40:06
65 Miln years, will00:40:08
high-tech devices be able to survive00:40:10
in the form fossils and how00:40:12
continuous the pathological record is or00:40:14
there may be gaps of a couple of tens of00:40:16
thousands of years from which there is not a single00:40:19
find. And there may be a00:40:25
failure there, by the way, connected with the name of00:40:29
Efremov. Efremov drew attention to the fact00:40:32
that not only are there some interesting00:40:35
patterns when storing remains, but00:40:38
there are patterns in the destruction of the00:40:41
geological record of the so-called00:40:43
destruction And in the time of Efremov they were00:40:48
practically unknown, for example, lake00:40:50
sediments of the most ancient periods, the strength of the00:40:53
Arvik Cree is now known in very large numbers00:40:57
and with what Well, such an interest has brought out00:41:08
the patterns, we will meet some00:41:10
fossil remains of animals and plants in general,00:41:13
that is, everything practically our00:41:17
understanding is limited by the so-called00:41:18
basis of erosion, this is the00:41:21
primary sea level, in fact lakes00:41:24
lakes rivers sea level00:41:26
So this is the question we were recently00:41:31
asked by researchers in an article00:41:34
called00:41:36
Silurian00:41:49
remains themselves Most likely not, that is,00:41:52
this is the near geological future there00:41:54
millions of years ago we what - there are our some kind of00:41:57
Aliens who will study us,00:41:59
maybe they will find something there 10 million00:42:02
years unlikely 100 million or a billion00:42:04
probably no certainly no And they00:42:09
looked at some processes of the00:42:12
geological past Is it possible to look for00:42:14
confirmation that there were some00:42:16
civilizations about which we know nothing00:42:18
because they were not preserved in the00:42:20
geological past and so they pay00:42:23
attention, for example, to the police estimate of00:42:25
thermal poppy mama when about 5000:42:28
million years ago it was very very00:42:30
hot there, the temperature was 16° higher00:42:32
than on the planet now Could this be a00:42:35
greenhouse effect caused by00:42:37
some ancient civilization that00:42:39
completely00:42:40
disappeared, but its traces of life activity are00:42:44
reflected in the geological past? For00:42:46
example, our climate change, which00:42:50
partially still has Well, I am a supporter of the fact00:42:52
that it has some kind of anthropogenic00:42:55
the factor may not be the whole factor, but00:42:57
it has something,00:42:58
but nothing will be left of us. But in the00:43:02
geological record, in the same00:43:04
rips that I spoke about, information will be preserved00:43:07
that the climate has changed00:43:10
somehow quickly and spasmodically, not quite according to00:43:13
Wait a minute stone tools, what00:43:15
will happen to them, well, they’re not like that,00:43:18
nothing will happen to them, well, they’re just in such00:43:19
large numbers,00:43:21
destruction is just happening, well, more destruction is happening, well, what’s going to00:43:24
happen to them, what kind of destruction?00:43:28
in00:43:31
which stone tools00:43:33
several rivers flow through it and not this00:43:35
mountain range in 100 million years will be00:43:36
completely destroyed there.00:43:39
Destruction constantly occurs. The Ural Mountains when they00:43:40
were formed. They were very high,00:43:43
most likely like the Nshan now it’s there up to a00:43:45
kilometer, there’s not even destruction,00:43:47
erosion constantly occurs, weathering. they00:43:50
are destroying our information about the00:43:52
geological past, so all this00:43:53
will be quickly destroyed. They convinced me,00:43:56
but00:43:57
look there, in the very back row, two00:43:59
lights are swinging, you can give00:44:01
a microphone there. It’s too bad, someone is giving a signal there.00:44:04
Hello Ivan from Samara, such a00:44:08
question, in Norway there is a seed vault and00:44:11
you can create something similar to a DNA00:44:14
repository Well, considering that our science does not00:44:18
stand still, and in the future, in 500 years,00:44:20
it will be to resurrect those species that are now00:44:23
in the red00:44:25
books.00:44:26
Well, I think such even experience, I’m still not a00:44:29
molecular biologist or a specialist for00:44:31
DNA, but I think there is such a thing. I think there is even00:44:34
such a thing, and there are attempts to freeze DNA. Well, I00:44:37
think even such projects exist00:44:40
now. I think it is quite possible, especially since00:44:41
50000:44:43
years in good00:44:45
conditions, these are not those conditions. Why have00:44:47
n’t you cloned the same thing there yet? the00:44:50
mammoth itself seems to have Severov’s DNA there00:44:53
because Manta is he, before being preserved00:44:57
it is thawed there several times and the00:44:59
DNA is damaged, it is00:45:07
denatured and there to fertilize00:45:10
the elephant and make a new good00:45:12
Mammoth there And in the proper conditions Well, a00:45:16
refrigerator that will work there for00:45:18
centuries or a millennium or the same thing00:45:20
This is the storage of seeds that are in00:45:22
Scandinavia yes I think it’s possible00:45:26
so and Is a blitz possible now with00:45:28
you and not questions Well let’s be00:45:30
questions you just need to answer them00:45:32
as succinctly as possible 3 minutes00:45:35
three questions ready Yeah How and where are00:45:39
traces detected tracks of ancient organisms and00:45:41
how they are distinguished from ordinary traces of00:45:43
corrosion Written oh well, this is a separate00:45:47
discipline by the way paleontological00:45:50
smell traces of vital activity are00:45:52
very diverse these are traces of crawling00:45:55
explosions and traces of feeding traces of rest00:45:59
this And traces of invertebrate animals and00:46:02
vertebrate animals this is usually00:46:05
either this is the seabed of some kind - either these are00:46:07
coastal conditions Yes, here are the traces of the00:46:10
same dinosaurs And how the Dinosaur00:46:12
walked through some soft silt The silt froze and00:46:16
dried Well, in a short time there,00:46:19
in hours, the yoke there was covered with a new layer of00:46:22
another silt, but their density00:46:25
remained different and already in the process of genesis We have the00:46:29
same kind of fossil clays00:46:31
or siltstones, we have calcified the density is00:46:34
different, we now get a cast and the Trace itself,00:46:36
this happens, yes, but traces of00:46:40
some large animals They are not so00:46:41
common, unlike traces of the00:46:43
vital activity of00:46:45
invertebrates so what kind of minerals are living00:46:48
creatures found in the vicinity and00:46:54
BX is basically that Uno is the most00:46:57
common Yes, it is silica and00:46:59
silicon 2 and calcium carbonate is00:47:03
various modifications of calcium carbonate,00:47:05
this is Pyrite, this is and various phosphates, in00:47:08
fact, there are very, very many, but We are00:47:11
unlikely we will find there And in Diamond, yes These are00:47:15
completely different conditions of formation.00:47:17
That is, it depends on the minerals in what00:47:19
conditions it was formed, but there are00:47:21
amazing things not so long ago, but it00:47:24
was described. The discovery of an00:47:27
insect in opal opal is it actually from00:47:31
hot solutions, how could this have happened00:47:33
before They still don’t really understand, there is a00:47:35
hypothesis that this is amber that00:47:37
was transformed into opal, there are scientific00:47:41
articles about hipo imprints in granite,00:47:45
granites - These are igneous intrusive00:47:48
rocks. Surprisingly, these are mostly00:47:51
limited to the names of minerals in which the00:47:53
formation is00:47:54
sedimentary, nematomorphic,00:47:58
large objects were found in amber,00:48:00
for example00:48:01
lizard Yes indeed Well, Amber00:48:05
is such a resin trap into which a00:48:07
large animal, when it fell, it00:48:09
got out quite easily Yes,00:48:10
some kind of dinosaur or00:48:14
some kind of mammal, it quickly00:48:16
got out, but from the large large00:48:18
animals in the inventory these are frogs these are00:48:21
lizards gicons they are very, very rare aa00:48:25
from mammals, there are known remains of00:48:29
fur of some kind of bird tail, in my opinion00:48:31
it would be yes this is Cretaceous Amber from myan00:48:33
we are there and the head of lizards dinosaurs You00:48:36
guessed three00:48:38
questions And you wanted to show amber but you did00:48:42
n’t show it maybe or maybe will00:48:44
you comment on what we have there00:48:46
inclusions price inclusions from the00:48:49
Kaliningrad region there An ant and a00:48:51
fungus gnat I just wanted to00:48:56
demonstrate them when we were talking about DNA in amber Here But00:48:59
this is just for fun, you can00:49:01
watch it later So let's give a microphone00:49:04
there hello Andrey Moscow00:49:07
wanted to complement his opponent in Africa, a00:49:11
natural reactor was found, how00:49:15
can this affect the dating of00:49:18
fossilization burials, do00:49:20
you mean distortion00:49:23
for the sake of isotope yes00:49:26
Well, this is a rather difficult question, after00:49:29
all, this should be addressed to physicists and00:49:32
not to a paleontologist because these are more00:49:34
physical00:49:36
questions, so probably this is not for00:49:38
me, after all, a question from Olga Oman from00:49:41
the Netherlands How long does DNA live? Now in00:49:44
many excavations they check the soil for DNA00:49:46
for a complete picture until what period does this00:49:48
technology00:49:50
work? Well, apparently, according to our00:49:54
research, it can be hundreds of thousands years,00:49:56
we know there for tens of thousands of years, but00:49:59
again, if we really00:50:02
find DNA, it’s been there for a million years, and maybe they’ve00:50:05
already found it, but there won’t be anything special in it,00:50:09
although I say DNA is a capricious,00:50:10
capricious molecule and apparently does not exist,00:50:13
this decay half-life of00:50:15
DNA Hello Roman Orel And please tell me,00:50:19
you described a situation in which00:50:22
falization does not occur. Are there00:50:25
biomes? Well,00:50:27
biological separate regions in00:50:29
which it is most difficult to find faliro00:50:33
remains and which will practically not00:50:36
leave us fossils good question00:50:40
Again, I will turn to Efremov Yes, in00:50:43
fact, he developed except tofo Mia is00:50:48
another00:50:49
discipline of Lemoni about which few people00:50:52
know00:50:53
and outlined the following situation: there are two00:50:56
types of facies ulfa infa Here are ulfa they00:51:00
have come to us from the geological00:51:03
past affa which have not been preserved here are00:51:05
some biomes high in the00:51:09
mountains of the highlands Most likely they have00:51:13
never they won’t00:51:15
be included in the geological record because there are active00:51:17
tectonic conditions there, active erosion.00:51:19
They simply won’t survive and will be quickly00:51:21
destroyed by erosion, some high-mountain00:51:26
biomes in the post, they do00:51:29
n’t get into the geological record, so we00:51:32
know the same dinosaurs that00:51:34
lived in the highlands, but they were there00:51:37
apparently there are many species and genera about00:51:39
which we will never00:51:41
know Ivan Gaidukov asks a question00:51:44
Recently there was news that the00:51:46
skeleton of a mammal Repino was found, the mother of the one who00:51:48
died in a battle with PVM, and Ren00:51:53
attacked the ptosis, but then the message that00:51:56
this is a fake, is there a chance that such a00:51:57
mammal is real existed00:52:00
and was a threat to dinosaurs Well, this is00:52:03
known The discovery of the Eye of a mammal00:52:05
really existed and this is00:52:08
its skeleton and there is nothing surprising about it And00:52:10
indeed, most likely it could have00:52:12
hunted some00:52:14
small dinosaurs, there is nothing surprising about this,00:52:15
but with regard to this find there is a high00:52:19
probability that this is really a00:52:21
fake, there is a high probability of such a00:52:23
lot. This is related to the question that00:52:26
paleontologists sometimes get material00:52:29
not from an outcrop but buy it somewhere there. But00:52:32
recently some kind of00:52:34
spider from China was described, a new mouth was installed there00:52:38
or something so interesting and00:52:40
unusual and then it turned out that00:52:42
they bought it at the market from some merchant00:52:44
who00:52:48
changed it so much to the imprint of a crustacean that it looked00:52:50
like a spider and they wrote it. Well, how do you00:52:52
retract an article? Yes, well, this is what00:52:54
Nakhodka called about which we are talking00:52:57
a lot of questions too good and No00:53:01
tomogram they didn’t do a tomography they00:53:03
somehow only brought one photograph and00:53:06
that’s it, there’s someone raising an umbrella,00:53:08
apparently Give the man with the umbrella00:53:10
Please a microphone Hello, an00:53:13
unremarkable plague doctor from the00:53:14
city of Moscow So a question of this00:53:18
nature in00:53:20
the pomp of people, these bodies were00:53:23
actually covered with ashes and there00:53:26
remained such voids, one might say, and00:53:28
then they were actually filled with plaster, the00:53:30
question is, is it considered a fossil or00:53:33
is it not really a00:53:34
fossil,00:53:36
thank you00:53:38
Well, it’s an interesting question, but they were filled in. I don’t00:53:43
quite understand, they were already filled in by people plaster00:53:45
But these are cavities there. Well, a well-known thing00:53:47
in Pompeii, there are layers in them, voids in00:53:50
shape, those are people who have already filled it with00:53:53
plaster afak, but fossils are not00:53:56
artifacts, artifacts are something made00:53:59
by hand, that’s why no, well, in general, there are00:54:02
few fossils in archeology How such00:54:04
in human archeology There are simply quite a00:54:06
few things that petrify in the sense that they don’t00:54:08
have time to be swept away, well, no, well, this is not not00:54:11
in the classical This is not a fossil, it is not00:54:12
even of a natural nature,00:54:15
you can call it a mold from a shell,00:54:17
it will be just a casting, but00:54:20
some kind So now you have to00:54:23
choose Who will get the book edouard00:54:25
mychko by chance here we had the00:54:28
fossil record of the amber region for the00:54:31
best question there were nine of them Well, I00:54:35
liked about the biomes because it’s00:54:36
connected precisely with the ultrafarm information00:54:40
they asked a question about biomes in which it’s00:54:42
difficult to find this Roman from the city of Orel00:54:45
Roman receives your book I hope you00:54:47
will sign it for him, of course, then let’s00:54:50
now see how00:54:52
our viewers assessed the harmfulness of Pavel Silivanov and he’s a00:54:55
thunderstorm thunderstorm Terrible PAZ today I00:54:58
have to be a harmful opponent in relation to him00:55:00
But there00:55:02
we’ll see who is not who yet evening here are00:55:06
gifts from us from the forum scientists against00:55:09
myths Thank you very much SBO now00:55:11
a picture of Yulia Rodina should appear on the screen00:55:14
What is good about birch bark And you yourself00:55:17
found birch bark letters, this is a00:55:19
classic incorrect comparison, the00:55:21
author wondered whether it was a sin to00:55:22
walk on00:55:24
medium-sized birch bark, it turned out with00:55:26
one birch you have questions, you00:55:30
disagree with something, write comments00:55:33
with the hashtag Postscript the speaker will00:55:36
answer your questions live00:55:38
on the laboratory scientific channel00:55:41
[music]00:55:54
video YDescription:
Если эволюция правда шла миллионы лет, то почему же мир не завален скелетами? Как органика и мягкие ткани могут сохраняться тысячелетиями? Правда ли, что окаменелости находят только там, где жили животные? Есть вопросы? Пишите вопросы в комментариях - и спикер ответит на них в "Постскриптуме" на канале @ScienceVideoLab Поддержать АНТРОПОГЕНЕЗ.РУ ► https://sponsr.ru/antropogenezru https://boosty.to/antropogenezru ================ Научно-просветительский Форум «Ученые против мифов. Тихо! Идут раскопки» 19-20 августа 2023 г. Рубрика: #Невозможные_артефакты Эпизод-6. Мир, заваленный скелетами, ДНК в янтаре и другие мифы об окаменелостях. Спикер: Эдуард Мычко — Кандидат геолого-минералогических наук, старший научный сотрудник Института Океанологии имени П.П. Ширшова, РАН. Автор более 40 научных публикаций, в т.ч научно-популярных книг по палеонтологии «Ископаемая летопись Янтарного края: Естественная история Калининградской области» и «Атлас древней жизни». Вредный оппонент: Павел Селиванов — Геолог, старший инженер Центрального Научно-Исследовательского Геологоразведочного Института Цветных и Благородных Металлов. 00:00 Начало 00:50 Голосование зрителей «Что изображено на фото?» 01:32 Миф №1. Почему мир не завален скелетами? 02:19 Что нужно, чтобы стать окаменелостью? 04:43 Миф №2. Окаменелости находят там же, где организм жил. 08:38 Находка мумии динозавра 12:51 Миф №3. Кости не могут сохраняться миллионы лет. 15:43 Миф №4. Мягкие ткани и органика не могут сохраняться 21:28 Миф №5. Организмы в янтаре сохраняют ДНК 23:46 Миф №6. В палеонтологической летописи есть огромные пробелы 27:48 Результаты голосования «Что изображено на фото?» 29:33 Дискуссия с «вредным оппонентом», геологом Павлом Селивановым 39:44 Голосование зрителей «Как вы оцениваете “вредность” оппонента (Павел Селиванов)?» 39:58 Ответы на вопросы зрителей 54:21 Выбор лучшего вопроса 54:53 Результаты голосования зрителей «Как вы оцениваете “вредность” оппонента (Павел Селиванов)?» 55:12 Скетч Юлии Родиной 55:16 Анонс выступления Павла Колосницына 📖 Стенограмма доклада: https://vk.com/@antropogenez_ru-mir-zavalennyi-skeletami 🎧 Подкасты (Apple, Google и др.): https://antropogenez.mave.digital/ ================ Организатор форума: @AntropogenezRu Съемка, монтаж: Студия Петра Стерликова Помощь в трансляции: Лаборатория Научных Видео Площадка в Москве предоставлена Университетом МИСИС Претензии и вопросы юридического характера следует направлять в адвокатское бюро CTL: https://abctl.ru/ Ведущий: Александр Соколов, редактор АНТРОПОГЕНЕЗ.РУ Музыка: Константин Устинович, Дмитрий Денисов https://vk.com/alt_sound Дизайн: Ирина Фролова, Ирина Галенкова, Талия Гафурова Нейропортрет: Ирина Шмидт Диктор: Виталий Краусс Видео-заставка: Тимур Низов, Виталий Краусс Анимация: Тимур Низов Скетч: Юлия Родина Стенограмма: Анастасия Котлярова, Ирина Мельникова. Режиссер трансляции, оператор-постановщик, монтаж: Пётр Стерликов Операторы: Дмитрий Краснослободцев, Арина Тихомирова, Ксения Меньшинина Звукорежиссер: Ксения Аблез Фото: Владислав Озерецковский, Андрей Шкиперов, Марк Хачатрян Модерация чата, голосования: Евгения Карманова, Александр Карасёв, Лисова Александра Координация: Анастасия Чернозатонская, Сабир Еникеев Продюсер: Георгий Соколов =========================== 🗿 Хотите поддержать проект? В России ► https://sponsr.ru/antropogenezru/ За рубежом ► https://boosty.to/antropogenezru Наши Правила комментирования видео: https://antropogenez.ru/youtube-rules/ ANTROPOGENEZ.RU https://vk.com/antropogenez_ru https://t.me/antropogenez_ru https://dzen.ru/antropogenez https://rutube.ru/u/science/
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