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Next video: Успех "Слово пацана. Кровь на асфальте". Разбор от Андрея Курпатова

Успех "Слово пацана. Кровь на асфальте". Разбор от Андрея Курпатова

Успех "Слово пацана. Кровь на асфальте". Разбор от Андрея Курпатова

Channel: Андрей Курпатов

генетика

101

часть

:

откуда

берутся

ваши

гены

00:00:09

we receive Genes from the parents of their

00:00:12

parents of the previous generation and

00:00:15

so on We have two sets of chromosomes

00:00:19

of 23 each, one such set from

00:00:22

each of the

00:00:28

parents, for almost every chromosome we

00:00:31

receive from our mother we inherit and

00:00:34

a chromosome from our father in which his

00:00:37

versions of the same are recorded

00:00:42

genes together they form a pair of

00:00:45

homologous

00:00:50

chromosomes but the X chromosome and the y chromosome are

00:00:58

special, as a rule, women have two X

00:01:02

chromosomes. And in men, the X chromosome and the y

00:01:07

chromosome you get one and the chromosome

00:01:11

from your

00:01:12

mother and the chromosome from your father X or Y

00:01:18

determines your

00:01:24

gender, most mature cells contain

00:01:28

two sets of chromosomes,

00:01:31

the sperm and the egg each contain

00:01:34

one set of dtx

00:01:39

chromosomes, when the sperm

00:01:42

or

00:01:43

egg is formed the cell divides and pairs of

00:01:46

chromosomes

00:01:50

are separated, one of the chromosomes of each

00:01:53

pair moves in a random order

00:01:56

to each new

00:01:58

cell,

00:02:01

that is, at conception you received half of the

00:02:04

genes from your mother and half from

00:02:10

dad But your brother or sister will not

00:02:13

necessarily inherit the same variants of

00:02:15

your parents' genes that

00:02:20

you received Unless you are identical

00:02:28

twins for a sperm or

00:02:31

egg, chromosomes are duplicated,

00:02:37

chromosomes sometimes intersect

00:02:41

Apparently at random points and

00:02:43

exchange

00:02:46

DNA, a phenomenon called genetic

00:02:54

recombination when recombination Genes

00:02:57

shuffle,

00:02:59

so the chromosomes that you pass on to

00:03:02

your children will be different from those

00:03:04

that you received from your

00:03:07

parents, so it is difficult to

00:03:10

trace your genealogy

00:03:12

far

00:03:15

back based on chromosomes. However, most Y chromosomes

00:03:19

are passed on from father to son

00:03:24

unchanged, but the DNA of human mitochondria

00:03:28

is passed on

00:03:30

from

00:03:33

mother, therefore, the origin through the

00:03:37

father's or mother's line is easier to trace with

00:03:40

the help of chromosomes or

00:03:47

mitochondrial DNA when the sperm and

00:03:50

egg unite during

00:03:52

fertilization they create a single cell

00:03:55

with two complete sets of DT chromosomes,

00:04:00

one from the mother, one from the

00:04:04

father, this single cell will divide

00:04:07

many more times, forming new

00:04:10

cells until

00:04:23

the baby is formed

Description:

Genetics 101 part 3: Where do your genes come from?

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